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Effects of Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Water-Soluble Non-Starch Polysaccharide, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Their Synbiotic Mixtures on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-8 Production. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102128. [PMID: 35631269 PMCID: PMC9147535 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), has been the goal of many targeted therapeutic interventions for Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease commonly associated with a very low birth weight in preterm infants. In this study, the ability to regulate the production of IL-8 of the water-soluble non-starch polysaccharide (WS-NSP) from taro corm (Tc-WS-NSP) extracted using a conventional (CE) or improved conventional (ICE) extraction method, of the probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, and Bifidobacterium infantis, and their synbiotic mixtures were evaluated. The TNF-α stimulated HT-29 cells were incubated with undigested or digested Tc-WS-NSPs (CE or ICE), probiotics, and their synbiotic mixtures with Klebsiella oxytoca, an NEC-positive-associated pathogen. Overall, the synbiotic mixtures of digested Tc-WS-NSP-ICE and high bacterial concentrations of L. acidophilus (5.57 × 109), B. breve (2.7 × 108 CFU/mL), and B. infantis (1.53 × 108) demonstrated higher (42.0%, 45.0%, 43.1%, respectively) ability to downregulate IL-8 compared to the sole use of Tc-WS-NSPs (24.5%), or the probiotics L. acidophilus (32.3%), B. breve (37.8%), or B. infantis (33.1%). The ability demonstrated by the Tc-WS-NSPs, the probiotics, and their synbiotics mixtures to downregulate IL-8 production in the presence of an NEC-positive-associated pathogen may be useful in the development of novel prophylactic agents against NEC.
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Zozaya C, García González I, Avila-Alvarez A, Oikonomopoulou N, Sánchez Tamayo T, Salguero E, Saenz de Pipaón M, García-Muñoz Rodrigo F, Couce ML. Incidence, Treatment, and Outcome Trends of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:188. [PMID: 32478014 PMCID: PMC7237564 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Data regarding the incidence and mortality of necrotizing enterocolitis trends are scarce in the literature. Recently, some preventive strategies have been confirmed (probiotics) or increased (breastfeeding rate). This study aims to describe the trends of necrotizing enterocolitis incidence, treatment, and mortality over the last decade in Spain. Methods: Multicenter cohort study with data from the Spanish Neonatal Network-SEN1500 database. The study period comprised from January 2005 to December 2017. Preterm infants <32 weeks of gestational age at birth without major congenital malformations were included for analysis. The main study outcomes were necrotizing enterocolitis incidence, co-morbidity (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, late-onset sepsis, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity, acute kidney injury), mortality, and surgical/non-surgical treatment. Results: Among the 25,821 included infants, NEC incidence was 8.8% during the whole study period and remained stable when comparing 4-year subperiods. However, more cases were surgically treated (from 48.8% in 2005-2008 to 70.2% in 2015-2017, p < 0.001). Mortality improved from 36.7% in the 2005-2008 to 26.6% in 2015-2017 (p < 0.001). Breastfeeding rates improved over the studied years (24.3% to 40.5%, p < 0.001), while gestational age remained invariable (28.5 weeks, p = 0.20). Prophylactic probiotics were implemented during the study period in some units, reaching 18.6% of the patients in 2015-2017. Conclusions: The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis remained stable despite the improvement regarding protective factors frequency. Surgical treatment became more frequent over the study period, whereas mortality decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zozaya
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Inés García González
- Neonatology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alejandro Avila-Alvarez
- Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Institute for Biomedical Research A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Tomás Sánchez Tamayo
- Neonatology Department, Malaga Regional Hospital, Malaga Biomedical Research Institute-IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Enrique Salguero
- Neonatology Department, Malaga Regional Hospital, Malaga Biomedical Research Institute-IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Saenz de Pipaón
- Neonatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain.,Red Samid, Maternal and Child Health and Development Research Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo
- Division of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María L Couce
- Neonatology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.,Red Samid, Maternal and Child Health and Development Research Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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