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Bi Z, Wang L, Hou H, Lu M, Wang W, Li Z, Liu C. Comparing the efficacy and safety of tenofovir and adefovir or combined drug treatment for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1016. [PMID: 36267714 PMCID: PMC9577806 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects a vast population globally. A variety of drugs are available for the treatment of CHB, including tenofovir (TDF) and adefovir (ADV). However, the efficacy of monotherapy drug treatment is inconclusive, the safety and efficacy of TDF remain unclear, more data are needed to be included and combined drug treatment is considered to exhibit higher efficacy. To explore this issue, we performed a current literature review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of ADV vs. TDF, TDF vs. ADV + lamivudine (LAM); TDF vs. ADV + entecavir (ETV). METHODS We systematically searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Chinese VIP, and Wanfang Data, for relevant clinical trials since July 2015, all included studies were based on PICOS principles and evaluated independently by the reviewers in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook (Rob2.0). A meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.4. RESULTS We included a total of 32 studies, including 31 randomized controlled trials and one retrospective study involving 2,473 patients. The results revealed a low risk of bias in included studies, that the virologic response of TDF was superior to ADV (P<0.05). And TDF was also superior to ADV in Serum creatinine levels, Immunologic function, and safety profile. However, when ADV was combined with other medications, it was superior to TDF in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and Tbil level and adverse reactions, but on other indicators, TDF was superior to drug combination therapy. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that TDF was superior to ADV in the parameters of ALT, hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA reduction, HBeAg-negative conversion rate, safety, and total bilirubin levels in patients with CHB. However, when ADV was combined with LAM or ETV, they often showed the same therapeutic effect as TDF in parameters such as ALT level and Tbil level and combined therapy can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. In this study, because the sample source countries were limited, a greater number of global studies are needed in the future to verify the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixin Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of outpatients, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zishuo Li
- Department of outpatients, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengjiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Xu X, Wang H, Zhao W, Wang Y, Wang J, Qin B. Recompensation factors for patients with decompensated cirrhosis: a multicentre retrospective case-control study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043083. [PMID: 34162632 PMCID: PMC8230976 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate recompensation factors among patients with decompensated cirrhosis. DESIGN A multicentre retrospective case-control study was conducted. Data were collected from and compared between groups of patients with recompensated and acute decompensated cirrhosis. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to select indicators associated with recompensation among patients with decompensated cirrhosis with different complications. A decision tree with 10-fold cross-validation was used to develop the model to identify patients with recompensation. We followed the transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD) guideline for development and reporting of the new model. SETTING The study was conducted in six tertiary public hospitals in Chongqing, China. PARTICIPANTS This study included 3953 patients with decompensated cirrhosis. RESULTS In the total sample of included patients, there were 553 patients with recompensation and 3400 patients with acute decompensation, including 1158 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, 1715 patients with a bacterial infection, 104 patients with hepatic encephalopathy and 423 patients with ascites. The most relevant indicator of recompensation selected by the decision tree model was albumin, with a threshold of 40 g/L. Total protein, haemoglobin, basophil percentage, alanine aminotransferase, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and diabetes were also selected to subsequently distinguish patients. The terminal nodes with a probability of recompensation was 0.89. The overall accuracy rate of the model was 0.92 (0.91-0.93), and it exhibited high specificity (86.9%) and sensitivity (92.6%). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of recompensated cirrhosis could be identified by albumin, total protein, haemoglobin, basophil percentage, alanine aminotransferase, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and diabetes. These simple variables may help clinicians develop a treatment plan to encourage patients with decompensated cirrhosis to recompensate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haolin Wang
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenlong Zhao
- College of Medical Informatics, Medical Data Science Academy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayue Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tenofovir is Superior to Entecavir in Patients with Treatment-naïve Hepatitis B e-Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2021; 11:37-44. [PMID: 33679047 PMCID: PMC7897859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) is a global health problem affecting around 400 million of people worldwide. Two available first-line antiviral drugs are tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and Entecavir (ETV). Till date,there are few published reports from India comparing efficacy of TDF and ETV in CHB cases. Therefore, this present study was carried out with an aim to compare the efficacy of ETV and TDF in patients with nucleos(t)ide naïve CHB. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study was carried out in 192 treatment naïve CHB cases, who completed 24 months of treatment with either TDF or ETV between March 2015 and August 2017. The primary end point of the study was undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA after 24 months of therapy. RESULTS Of total 192 patients with CHB, 38 hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg)-positive and 53 HBeAg-negative patients were treated with tenofovir, whereas 40 HBeAg-positive and 61 HBeAg-negative patients were treated with ETV. Pretreatment characteristics at baseline were not statistically different between the TDF and ETV groups. Patients treated with TDF achieved significantly higher complete viral suppression as compared with ETV-treated patients (Log rank: 7.04, P = 0.008) in HBeAg-positive CHB during the 24 months follow-up time; whereas no significant difference in viral suppression rate could be noticed in HBeAg-negative patients (Log rank: 0.98, P = 0.38). Both univariate and multivariate analysis by cox proportional hazard model confirmed that tenofovir had significant rate of complete viral suppression in comparison with ETV in HBeAg-positive patients (P < 0.05); whereas complete viral suppression rates were similar in HBeAg-negative patients. CONCLUSION In our study, tenofovir had more effective antiviral suppressive effect compared with ETV in HBeAg-positive, nucleos(t)ide-naïve CHB cases.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- APRI, AST-to-platelet Ratio Index
- BMI, body mass index
- CHB, chronic hepatitis B
- CI, confidence interval
- ETV, entecavir
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HBVDNA, hepatitis B DNA
- HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen
- HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCV, hepatitis C virus
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- Hb, hemoglobin
- TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- antiviral therapy
- chronic hepatitis B
- entecavir
- tenofovir
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Recompensation of Decompensated Hepatitis B Cirrhosis: Current Status and Challenges. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9609731. [PMID: 33029534 PMCID: PMC7527887 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9609731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver-function decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) gradually appears after chronic hepatitis B progresses to cirrhosis. Effective antiviral treatment can significantly improve the long-term prognosis of decompensated patients, and some patients present recompensation of decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. At present, there are limited research data on the recompensation of decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. There is still controversy regarding the evaluation time, evaluation indicators, influencing factors, and long-term prognosis of recompensation.
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Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Yang J, Hu K, Huang Y. The effectiveness of TDF versus ETV on incidence of HCC in CHB patients: a meta analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:511. [PMID: 31142283 PMCID: PMC6542001 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been proved that nucleos(t) ide analogues (NAs) therapy could improve underlying liver disease and reduce the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the difference of effectiveness in reducing HCC occurrence between tenofovir (TDF) and enticavir (ETV), two first-line NAs drugs, is still little known. This meta analysis aims to assess the efficacy in reducing incidence of HCC comparing tenofovir monotherapy with entecavir monotherapy among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients by analyzing their long-term clinical outcomes. Methods Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, and ISI Web of Science were fully investigated according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. For the included articles, two of the authors independently extracted and confirmed relevant data. Review Manager software (RevMan 5.3) was using for meta analysis. Results Seven articles with 3698 patients were finally included in this research, 1574 in tenofovir group and 2124 in entecavir group. For meta analysis, the incidence of HCC was significantly lower among the tenofovir group than entecavir group [rate ratio (95% CI) of 0.66 (0.49, 0.89), P = 0.008], while there was no statistical significance in incidence of death or transplantation [rate ratio (95% CI) of 0.78 (0.55, 1.13), P = 0.19], encephalopathy [risk ratio (95% CI) of 0.72 (0.45, 1.13), P = 0.15] or variceal bleeding [risk ratio (95% CI) of 0.71 (0.34, 1.50), P = 0.37] between the two groups. Conclusion There is a better effect of tenofovir in reducing HCC incidence than entecavir, which indicates tenofovir should be used more widely while treating chronic hepatitis B patients. However before applying, randomized controlled trial and large prospective cohort study should be performed in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5735-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yufan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajin Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Desalegn H, Aberra H, Berhe N, Medhin G, Mekasha B, Gundersen SG, Johannessen A. Predictors of mortality in patients under treatment for chronic hepatitis B in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:74. [PMID: 31092203 PMCID: PMC6521482 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-0993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is largely unavailable in sub-Saharan Africa; hence, little is known about the prognosis after initiating treatment in African CHB patients. In this study we aimed to assess predictors of mortality in one of the largest CHB cohorts in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods Two-hundred-and-seventy-six CHB patients who started treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate at a public hospital in Ethiopia between March 18, 2015, and August 1, 2017, were included in this analysis. Patients were followed up until October 1, 2017, and deaths were ascertained through hospital records and telephone interview with relatives. Decompensated cirrhosis was defined as current or past evidence of ascites, either by clinical examination or by ultrasonography. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results Thirty-five patients (12.7%) died during follow-up, 33 of whom had decompensated cirrhosis at recruitment. The median duration from start of treatment to death was 110 days (interquartile range 26–276). The estimated survival was 90.3, 88.2 and 86.3% at 6, 12 and 24 months of follow-up, respectively. Independent predictors of mortality were decompensated cirrhosis (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 23.68; 95% CI 3.23–173.48; p = 0.002), body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2 (AHR 3.65; 95% CI 1.73–7.72; p = 0.001) and older age (per 1-year increment; AHR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02–1.10; p = 0.007). Conclusions Decompensated cirrhosis, low body mass index and older age were independent predictors of mortality. Improved access to antiviral treatment and earlier initiation of therapy could improve the survival of African CHB patients. Trial registration NCT02344498 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier). Registered 16 January 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemichael Desalegn
- Medical Department, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Po. Box 1271, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Hanna Aberra
- Medical Department, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Po. Box 1271, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Berhe
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Girmay Medhin
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bitsatab Mekasha
- Medical Department, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Po. Box 1271, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Svein Gunnar Gundersen
- Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Global Development and Planning, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Asgeir Johannessen
- Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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Arora A, Anand AC, Kumar A, Singh SP, Aggarwal R, Dhiman RK, Aggarwal S, Alam S, Bhaumik P, Dixit VK, Goel A, Goswami B, Kumar A, Kumar M, Madan K, Murugan N, Nagral A, Puri AS, Rao PN, Saraf N, Saraswat VA, Sehgal S, Sharma P, Shenoy KT, Wadhawan M. INASL Guidelines on Management of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients receiving Chemotherapy, Biologicals, Immunosupressants, or Corticosteroids. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2018; 8:403-431. [PMID: 30568345 PMCID: PMC6286881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) reactivation in patients receiving chemotherapy, biologicals, immunosupressants, or corticosteroids is emerging to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with current or prior exposure to HBV infection. These patients suffer a dual onslaught of illness: one from the primary disease for which they are receiving the culprit drug that led to HBV reactivation, and the other from HBV reactivation itself. The HBV reactivation not only leads to a compromised liver function, which may culminate into hepatic failure; it also adversely impacts the treatment outcome of the primary illness. Hence, identification of patients at risk of reactivation before starting these drugs, and starting treatment aimed at prevention of HBV reactivation is the best strategy of managing these patients. There are no Indian guidelines on management of HBV infection in patients receiving chemotherapy, biologicals, immunosupressants, or corticosteroids for the treatment of rheumatologic conditions, malignancies, inflammatory bowel disease, dermatologic conditions, or solid-organ or bone marrow transplantation. The Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) had set up a taskforce on HBV in 2016, with a mandate to develop consensus guidelines for management of various aspects of HBV infection, relevant to India. In 2017 the taskforce had published the first INASL guidelines on management of HBV infection in India. In the present guidelines, which are in continuation with the previous guidelines, the issues on management of HBV infection in patients receiving chemotherapy, biologicals, immunosupressants, or corticosteroids are addressed.
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Key Words
- ACLF, Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- AFP, Alphafetoprotein
- ALT, Alanine Aminotransferase
- Anti-HBc, Antibodies to Hepatitis B Core Antigen
- Anti-HBs, Antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
- CHB, Chronic Hepatitis B
- CHOP, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone
- CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease
- DILI, Drug-Induced Liver Injury
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- ETV, Entecavir
- GRADE, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation
- HAV, Hepatitis A Virus
- HBIG, Hepatitis B Immune Globulin
- HBV DNA, Hepatitis B Virus Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- HBV, Hepatitis B Virus
- HBcAg, Hepatitis B Core Antigen
- HBeAg, Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen
- HBsAg, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
- HDV, Hepatitis D Virus
- HEV, Hepatitis E Virus
- HLA, Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I
- INASL, Indian National Association for Study of the Liver
- LAM, Lamivudine
- NAs, Nucleos(t)ide Analogs
- NHL, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
- NK, Natural Killer
- PegIFN-α, Pegylated Interferon Alpha
- RA, Rheumatoid Arthritis
- SLE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- TAF, Tenofovir Alafenamide
- TDF, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
- TLC, Total Leucocyte Count
- ULN, Upper Limit of Normal
- cancer
- cccDNA, Covalently Closed Circular Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- chemotherapy
- hepatitis B
- immunosupressants
- liver failure
- rcDNA, Relaxed-Circular Deoxyribonucleic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Arora
- Institute of Liver Gastroenterology & Pancreatico Biliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ashish Kumar
- Institute of Liver Gastroenterology & Pancreatico Biliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivaram P. Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, India
| | - Rakesh Aggarwal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Radha K. Dhiman
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shyam Aggarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Alam
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Bhaumik
- Department of Medicine, Agartala Govt. Medical College (AGMC), Agartala, India
| | - Vinod K. Dixit
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Bhabadev Goswami
- Department of Gastoenterology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, Fortis Flt Lt Rajan Dhall Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaushal Madan
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aabha Nagral
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok and Apollo Hospitals, Mumbai, India
| | - Amarender S. Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Padaki N. Rao
- Hepatology, Asian Institute Of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Neeraj Saraf
- Hepatology, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, India
| | - Vivek A. Saraswat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanjeev Sehgal
- Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Institute of Liver Gastroenterology & Pancreatico Biliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Manav Wadhawan
- Hepatology & Liver Transplant (Medicine), Fortis Escorts Liver & Digestive Diseases Institute (FELDI), Fortis Escorts Hospital, Delhi, India
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Is Low Level Viremia Acceptable During Antiviral Therapy of Patients With HBV Infection and Decompensated Cirrhosis? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 16:1876-1878. [PMID: 30213586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yang J, Yan B, Yang L, Li H, Fan Y, Zhu F, Zheng J, Ma X. Macrocytic anemia is associated with the severity of liver impairment in patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis: a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:161. [PMID: 30384828 PMCID: PMC6211489 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrocytic anemia is common in liver disease. However, its role in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related decompensated cirrhosis remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between macrocytic anemia and the severity of liver impairment in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis according to the Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Methods A total of 463 participants who fulfilled our criteria were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients were classified into three groups according to anemia types, diagnosed based on their mean corpuscular volume level. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between macrocytic anemia and the MELD score for patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. Results Patients with macrocytic anemia had evidently higher MELD scores (10.8 ± 6.6) than those with normocytic anemia (8.0 ± 5.5) or microcytic anemia (6.3 ± 5.1). The association remained robust after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, and total cholesterol (β = 1.94, CI: 0.81–3.07, P < 0.001). Conclusions Macrocytic anemia was found to be associated with the severity of liver impairment and might be a predictor for short-term mortality in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yan
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Zhang J, Ma J, Wang H, Li J. Correlation between cortisol levels and concurrent infection for hepatitis B cirrhosis patients and countermeasure analysis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2951-2955. [PMID: 29456701 PMCID: PMC5795706 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study assessed the correlation between cortisol (COR) levels and concurrent infection for the patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis for corresponding countermeasure analysis. In total, 86 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis (non-infection group) and 32 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with infection (infection group) who were diagnosed and treated in the Beijing YouAn Hospital from March 2014 to March 2017 were selected. The fasting venous blood of all the patients was drawn to detect COR, cortisol binding globulin (CBG), blood routine indexes, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), endotoxin and other indicators. The relative expression of CBG mRNA was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The differences and correlation of COR levels between the infection and non-infection groups were compared and analyzed. The concentrations of COR and CBG were decreased with the increase of Child-Pugh grade, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). COR, CBG and free cortisol (FC) concentrations with the same Child-Pugh grade in the non-infection group were higher than those in the infection group (P<0.05). COR, CBG and FC concentrations of abdominal infection complicated with sepsis or abdominal infection complicated with pulmonary infection were lower than those of simple abdominal infection (P<0.05). The relative expression of CBG mRNA was detected by RT-qPCR, which also showed that: for Child-Pugh grade, grade A > grade B > grade C (P<0.05), non-infection group > infection group (P<0.05), abdominal infection + sepsis group and abdominal infection + pulmonary infection group were lower than the simple abdominal infection group (P<0.05). The values of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, CRP, PCT and endotoxin in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). COR, CGB and FC were negatively correlated with inflammatory indexes such as WBC, neutrophils, CRP, PCT and endotoxin. The r value of COR and FC in the non-infection group was 0.678, while that of OR and FC in the infection group was 0.787. COR was positively correlated with FC before and after infection. The results of the study show that the cortisol levels of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis are significantly correlated with whether infected or not, levels of disease condition and infection types, and can be used as sensitive indicators of hepatitis B cirrhosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Department of Emergency, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Emergency, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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11
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Ray G. Current Scenario of Hepatitis B and Its Treatment in India. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2017; 5:277-296. [PMID: 28936409 PMCID: PMC5606974 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2017.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B is a significant public health problem in India, yet disease awareness is very low among the general population. The disease is mostly acquired horizontally, but the role of vertical transmission should not be underestimated. In spite of the fact that the majority of cases are e negative disease, most patients present in the advanced stage and even with hepatocellular carcinoma, the leading cause of which is hepatitis B. High-risk groups (especially tribals) also harbour significant disease burden and have a high prevalence of occult infection, supporting the potential of unknowingly spreading the disease. Findings on the relation of genotypes with disease severity or drug action have been conflicting. Though recently, oral antivirals with high genetic barrier to resistance have shown good viral suppression in the long term, e and s seroconversion is poor and relapse is universal upon therapy discontinuation. As no cure is possible with the currently available therapy, the target is long-term viral suppression by prolonged administration of oral antivirals; unfortunately, this leads to poor treatment adherence, which along with the high cost of therapy results in disease progression and spread of infection. At present, therefore, emphasis should be put on health education of the general and high-risk populations, along with health care workers to increase knowledge on such preventive measures as avoiding unsafe injection practices, high-risk sex, performing unnecessary injection and blood transfusion and providing proper screening of blood products; these efforts should be combined with intensive screening and aggressive vaccination programs, especially in high-risk groups and areas of high endemicity. Vaccination strategies are still below par and logistics should be developed for wider coverage; in addition, further research should be carried out on the efficacy and mode of usage for different types of vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Ray
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, B.R.Singh Hospital, Kolkata, India
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12
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EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 2017; 67:370-398. [PMID: 28427875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3274] [Impact Index Per Article: 467.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global public health problem with changing epidemiology due to several factors including vaccination policies and migration. This Clinical Practice Guideline presents updated recommendations for the optimal management of HBV infection. Chronic HBV infection can be classified into five phases: (I) HBeAg-positive chronic infection, (II) HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis, (III) HBeAg-negative chronic infection, (IV) HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis and (V) HBsAg-negative phase. All patients with chronic HBV infection are at increased risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), depending on host and viral factors. The main goal of therapy is to improve survival and quality of life by preventing disease progression, and consequently HCC development. The induction of long-term suppression of HBV replication represents the main endpoint of current treatment strategies, while HBsAg loss is an optimal endpoint. The typical indication for treatment requires HBV DNA >2,000IU/ml, elevated ALT and/or at least moderate histological lesions, while all cirrhotic patients with detectable HBV DNA should be treated. Additional indications include the prevention of mother to child transmission in pregnant women with high viremia and prevention of HBV reactivation in patients requiring immunosuppression or chemotherapy. The long-term administration of a potent nucleos(t)ide analogue with high barrier to resistance, i.e., entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil or tenofovir alafenamide, represents the treatment of choice. Pegylated interferon-alfa treatment can also be considered in mild to moderate chronic hepatitis B patients. Combination therapies are not generally recommended. All patients should be monitored for risk of disease progression and HCC. Treated patients should be monitored for therapy response and adherence. HCC remains the major concern for treated chronic hepatitis B patients. Several subgroups of patients with HBV infection require specific focus. Future treatment strategies to achieve 'cure' of disease and new biomarkers are discussed.
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13
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Srivastava M, Singh N, Dixit VK, Nath G, Jain AK. Comparative evaluation of long-term monotherapies & combination therapies in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A pilot study. Indian J Med Res 2017; 144:424-432. [PMID: 28139541 PMCID: PMC5320848 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.198674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Reduction of viraemia in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection using nucleoside/nucleotide analogues reduces fatal liver disease-related events, but development of resistance in virus presents serious clinical challenge. Therefore, comparative evaluation of prolonged antiviral monotherapy and combination therapies was prospectively studied to assess their influence on viral suppression, rapidity of response, development of drug resistance and surfacing mutants in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. Methods: A total of 158 (62eAg-ve) chronic hepatitis B patients were prospectively studied for 24 months. Final analysis was performed on patients treated with lamivudine (LAM, n = 28), adefovirdipivoxil (ADV, n = 24), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, n = 26), entecavir (ETV, n = 25), LAM + ADV (n = 28) and LAM + TDF (n = 27). Quantitative hepatitis B virus DNA was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multiple comparisons among drugs and genotypic mutations were analyzed. Results: Progressive biochemical and virological response were noted with all the regimens at 24 months except LAM and ADV which were associated with viral breakthrough (VBT) in 46.4 and 25 per cent, respectively. Mutations: rtM204V (39.3%), M204V+L180M (10.7%) while rtA181V (8.1%) and rtN236T (8.3%) were observed with LAM and ADV regimen, respectively. LAM + ADV combination therapy revealed VBT in seven per cent of the cases without mutations whereas TDF, ETV and LAM + TDF therapies neither showed VBT nor mutations. Interpretation & conclusions: LAM was the least potent drug among all therapeutic options followed by ADV. TDF and ETV were genetically stable antivirals with a strong efficacy. Among newer combination therapies, LAM + TDF revealed more efficacy in virological remission and acted as a profound genetic barrier on long term. Hence, newer generation molecules (TDF, ETV) and effective combination therapy should be a certain choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjita Srivastava
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Dixit
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gopal Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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14
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Zeng W, Zhang G, Yao S, Li H, Yang M, Deng Y, Zou R, Li S, Xiao J. Efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate therapy in Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients after multiple antiviral failures. Hepatol Res 2015; 45:E43-52. [PMID: 25429855 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in Chinese chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients after multiple nucleoside/nucleotide analog (NA) treatment failures. METHODS A total of 115 Chinese CHB patients with suboptimal response to two or more NA treatments were included in this study. All patients were changed to TDF (300 mg/day, oral administration) antiviral treatment for at least 72 weeks. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase (P) gene mutation screening for each patient was performed. In addition, virological, biochemical responses and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of each patient at weeks 12, 24, 48 and 72 of TDF treatment were evaluated. RESULTS Seventy-six out of 115 patients had drug-resistance mutations (R(+) ), including 27 with adefovir (ADV)-associated mutations (35.5%) and 49 with lamivudine (LMV)-associated mutations (64.5%). For all included patients, complete viral response (CVR) of HBV DNA (<100 IU/mL) was 57.4%, 69.6%, 74.8% and 86.1% at weeks 12, 24, 48 and 72 of TDF treatment, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase normalization and hepatitis B e-antigen seroclearance occurred in 77.3% and 23.2%, respectively, after 72-week TDF treatment. CVR at weeks 12, 24 and 48 was observed more commonly in patients with baseline HBV DNA of less than 10(6) IU/mL. There was no significant reduction of eGFR induced by the TDF treatment. CONCLUSION Seventy-two-week treatment with TDF in Chinese CHB patients with previously multiple NA treatment failures exhibited effective and safe outcomes, which were independent of baseline mutations conferring ADV or LMV resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Liu
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Simin Yao
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Deng
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongrong Zou
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaxi Li
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anatomy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Goyal SK, Jain AK, Dixit VK, Shukla SK, Kumar M, Ghosh J, Ranjan A, Gupta N, Tripathi M. HBsAg Level as Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in HBeAg Positive Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2015; 5:213-20. [PMID: 26628839 PMCID: PMC4632094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Preliminary data suggests lower serum hepatitis B surface antigen level is associated with more severe liver fibrosis in HBeAg positive patients. We evaluated the association of HBsAg level with biochemical, virological, and histological features in asymptomatic patients with chronic HBV infection. METHODS HBsAg levels were measured at baseline in 481 asymptomatic, treatment naive patients with chronic HBV infection. Subjects were followed-up prospectively (median, 12; range, 8-36 months). Phases of HBV infection were defined after regular monitoring of HBV-DNA and transaminases. Liver histology was scored using the METAVIR system. RESULTS HBeAg positive (n, 126) patients were significantly younger than HBeAg negative (n, 355), median age 26 vs 30 years; P < 0.01. HBV genotype could be determined in 350 patients, 240 (68.57%) had genotype D and 100 (28.57%) had genotype A. HBsAg level had modest correlation with serum HBV DNA(r = 0.6 vs 0.4 in eAg positive & negative respectively). HBeAg + ve patients with fibrosis score ≥ F2 showed significantly lower median serum HBsAg levels and serum HBV DNA levels compared with patients with F0-F1 score (median, range; 4.51, 2.99-6.10 vs 5.06, 4.13-5.89, P < 0.01) and (8.39, 3.85-10.60, P < 0.01) respectively. Significant inverse correlation of HBsAg level was found with liver fibrosis in eAg positive group (r = -0.76; P < 0.001). HBsAg level cut off value 4.7 log10 IU/ml predicted moderate to advance fibrosis (F ≥ 2) with 92% sensitivity, 85% specificity & 91% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION Lower HBsAg level might reflect the status of advanced liver fibrosis in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundeep K. Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India,Address for correspondence: Sundeep K. Goyal, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Tel.: +91 9451763766.
| | - Ashok K. Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vinod K. Dixit
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Suneet K. Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Mohan Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Jayant Ghosh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arttrika Ranjan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Manish Tripathi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Barsa JE, Branch AD, Schiano TD. A pleasant dilemma to have: to treat the HCV patient on the waiting list or to treat post-liver transplantation? Clin Transplant 2015; 29:859-65. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Prolonged use of tenofovir and entecavir in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. Indian J Gastroenterol 2015; 34:286-91. [PMID: 26243587 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-015-0576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Limited data is available from India on outcome and efficacy of tenofovir and entecavir in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis when used for prolonged time. We report the long-term efficacy and outcome of these antiviral drugs in patients with chronic HBV infection, with compensated or decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed laboratory and clinical data of 400 HBV-related cirrhotic patients without access to liver transplantation, who were treated with tenofovir/entecavir therapy, from January 2007 to January 2014. Two hundred and ten (52.5 %) patients had at least one of the components of decompensation at baseline. Two hundred and twenty (55 %) and 180 (45 %) patients were initiated tenofovir and entecavir, respectively. Follow up period was 45 (12-68) months for tenofovir and 36 (11-60) months for entecavir. RESULTS At the end of 1 year, levels of HBV DNA <20 IU/mL were achieved in 91.8 % and 88.8 % of patients, and alanine aminotransferase normalized in 54.5 % and 55.5 % of patients who received tenofovir and entecavir, respectively. At the last visit, Child-Turcotte-Pugh scores improved among 29.5 % of patients who received tenofovir, 25 % of those who received entecavir, and remained stable in 61.9 % and 65 % patients, respectively, in both groups. The 5-year cumulative rate of liver decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cirrhosis-related complications were 3.1 %, 1.9 %, and 2.1 % with an annual incidence of 0.8 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 % per person-year, respectively. CONCLUSION Tenofovir and entecavir were effective and potent drugs for prolonged treatment of HBV cirrhosis and improved the overall clinical course.
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18
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Russo FP, Rodríguez-Castro K, Scribano L, Gottardo G, Vanin V, Farinati F. Role of antiviral therapy in the natural history of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:1097-1104. [PMID: 26052398 PMCID: PMC4450186 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i8.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a dynamic state of interactions among HBV, hepatocytes, and the host immune system. Natural history studies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection have shown an association between active viral replication and adverse clinical outcomes such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The goal of therapy for CHB is to improve quality of life and survival by preventing progression of the disease to cirrhosis, decompensation, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and death. This goal can be achieved if HBV replication is suppressed in a sustained manner. The accompanying reduction in histological activity of CHB lessens the risk of cirrhosis and of HCC, particularly in non-cirrhotic patients. However, CHB infection cannot be completely eradicated, due to the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA in the nucleus of infected hepatocytes, which may explain HBV reactivation. Moreover, the integration of the HBV genome into the host genome may favour oncogenesis, development of HCC and may also contribute to HBV reactivation.
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Zuo SR, Zuo XC, Wang CJ, Ma YT, Zhang HY, Li ZJ, Song LY, Deng ZZ, Liu SK. A meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of entecavir and tenofovir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. J Clin Pharmacol 2014; 55:288-97. [PMID: 25293471 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ru Zuo
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Xiao-Cong Zuo
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Yu-Tao Ma
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Hao-Ye Zhang
- Department of Infection; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Zuo-Jun Li
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Li-Ying Song
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Deng
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Shi-Kun Liu
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy Department; The Third Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha China
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