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Li Z, Duan Y, Yu Y, Su Y, Zhang M, Gao Y, Jiang L, Zhang H, Lian X, Zhu X, Ke J, Peng Q, Chen X. Sodium Polyoxotungstate Inhibits the Replication of Influenza Virus by Blocking the Nuclear Import of vRNP. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1017. [PMID: 38792846 PMCID: PMC11124062 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Both pandemic and seasonal influenza are major health concerns, causing significant mortality and morbidity. Current influenza drugs primarily target viral neuraminidase and RNA polymerase, which are prone to drug resistance. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are metal cation clusters bridged by oxide anions. They have exhibited potent anti-tumor, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. They have remarkable activity against various DNA and RNA viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, dengue virus, and influenza virus. In this study, we have identified sodium polyoxotungstate (POM-1) from an ion channel inhibitor library. In vitro, POM-1 has been demonstrated to have potent antiviral activity against H1N1, H3N2, and oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 strains. POM-1 can cause virion aggregation during adsorption, as well as endocytosis. However, the aggregation is reversible; it does not interfere with virus adsorption and endocytosis. Our results suggest that POM-1 exerts its antiviral activity by inhibiting the nuclear import of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP). This distinct mechanism of action, combined with its wide range of efficacy, positions POM-1 as a promising therapeutic candidate for influenza treatment and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xulin Chen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.K.); (Q.P.)
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2
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Wang K, Zhang H, Tian Y. The current strategies of optimization of oseltamivir against mutant neuraminidases of influenza A:A review. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114711. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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3
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Kifle ZD, Ayele AG, Enyew EF. Drug Repurposing Approach, Potential Drugs, and Novel Drug Targets for COVID-19 Treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:6631721. [PMID: 33953756 PMCID: PMC8063850 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and it speedily expanded globally. Some medications which are used to treat other diseases seem to be effective in treating COVID-19 even without explicit support. The existing drugs that are summarized in this review primarily focused on therapeutic agents that possessed activity against other RNA viruses such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. Drug repurposing or repositioning is a promising field in drug discovery that identifies new therapeutic opportunities for existing drugs such as corticosteroids, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, interferons, protease inhibitors, ivermectin, melatonin, teicoplanin, and some others. A search for new drug/drug targets is underway. Thus, blocking coronavirus structural protein, targeting viral enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, and membrane fusion blocker (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and CD147 inhibitor) are major sites based on molecular targets for the management of COVID-19 infection. The possible impact of biologics for the management of COVID19 is promising and includes a wide variety of options such as cytokines, nucleic acid-based therapies targeting virus gene expression, bioengineered and vectored antibodies, and various types of vaccines. This review demonstrates that the available data are not sufficient to suggest any treatment for the eradication of COVID-19 to be used at the clinical level. This article aims to review the roles of existing drugs and drug targets for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Akeberegn Gorems Ayele
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
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4
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Sukprasert S, Pansuksan K, Sriyakul K. Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz extract, a novel neuraminidase inhibitor of avian influenza virus subtype H5N1. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Hu A, Li J, Tang W, Liu G, Zhang H, Liu C, Chen X. Anthralin Suppresses the Proliferation of Influenza Virus by Inhibiting the Cap-Binding and Endonuclease Activity of Viral RNA Polymerase. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:178. [PMID: 32132985 PMCID: PMC7040080 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (vRdRp) does not have capping activity and relies on the capped RNAs produced by the host RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). The viral polymerases process the capped RNAs to produce short capped RNA fragments that are used as primers to initiate the transcription of viral mRNAs. This process, known as cap-snatching, can be targeted by antiviral therapeutics. Here, anthralin was identified as an inhibitor against influenza a virus (IAV) infection by targeting the cap-snatching activity of the viral polymerase. Anthralin, an FDA-approved drug used in the treatment of psoriasis, shows antiviral activity against IAV infection in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, anthralin significantly reduces weight loss, lung injury, and mortality caused by IAV infection in mice. The mechanism of action study revealed that anthralin inhibits the cap-binding function of PB2 subunit and endonuclease activity of PA. As a result, viral mRNA transcription is blocked, leading to the decreases in viral RNA replication and viral protein expression. In conclusion, anthralin has been demonstrated to have the potential of an alternative antiviral against influenza virus infection. Also, targeting the captive pocket structure that includes the N-terminus of PA endonuclease domain and the C-terminal of PB2 cap-binding domain of IAV RdRp may be an excellent strategy for developing anti-influenza drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Tran-Nguyen VK, Le MT, Tran TD, Truong VD, Thai KM. Peramivir binding affinity with influenza A neuraminidase and research on its mutations using an induced-fit docking approach. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 30:899-917. [PMID: 31645133 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2019.1679248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has caused epidemic infections worldwide, with many strains resistant to inhibitors of a surface protein, neuraminidase (NA), due to point mutations on its structure. A novel NA inhibitor named peramivir was recently approved, but no exhaustive computational research regarding its binding affinity with wild-type and mutant NA has been conducted. In this study, a thorough investigation of IAV-NA PDB entries of 9 subtypes is described, providing a list of residues constituting the protein-ligand binding sites. The results of induced-fit docking approach point out key residues of wild-type NA participating in hydrogen bonds and/or ionic interactions with peramivir, among which Arg 368 is responsible for a peramivir-NA ionic interaction. Mutations on this residue greatly reduced the binding affinity of peramivir with NA, with 3 mutations R378Q, R378K and R378L (NA6) capable of deteriorating the docking performance of peramivir by over 50%. 200 compounds from 6-scaffolds were docked into these 3 mutant versions, revealing 18 compounds giving the most promising results. Among them, CMC-2012-7-1527-56 (benzoic acid scaffold, IC50 = 32 nM in inhibitory assays with IAV) is deemed the most potential inhibitor of mutant NA resisting both peramivir and zanamivir, and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Tran-Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - M T Le
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T D Tran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - V D Truong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - K M Thai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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7
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of NH 2-acyl oseltamivir analogues as potent neuraminidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:648-656. [PMID: 29107426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase inhibitors can deter nascent viruses from infecting intact cells by preventing their release from host cells. Herein, a neuraminidase inhibitor 11b absent of basic moieties was discovered in the process of searching for inhibitors targeting 150 cavity. It exhibited potent inhibitions against wild-type neuraminidases from group 1 (H5N1 and H1N1) and group 2 (H7N9) subtypes with IC50 values similar to those of oseltamivir carboxylate. Moreover, 11b showed moderate inhibitions against mutant neuraminidases from H5N1-H274Y and H1N1-H274Y with IC50 values of 2075 nM and 1382 nM, which were inferior to those of oseltamivir carboxylate (6095 nM and 4071 nM). The results were not consistent with the recognized SARs that a basic moiety was an indispensable part of a potent inhibitor.
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8
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Klimenko K, Lyakhov S, Shibinskaya M, Karpenko A, Marcou G, Horvath D, Zenkova M, Goncharova E, Amirkhanov R, Krysko A, Andronati S, Levandovskiy I, Polishchuk P, Kuz'min V, Varnek A. Virtual screening, synthesis and biological evaluation of DNA intercalating antiviral agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3915-3919. [PMID: 28666733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes computer-aided design of new anti-viral agents against Vaccinia virus (VACV) potentially acting as nucleic acid intercalators. Earlier obtained experimental data for DNA intercalation affinities and activities against Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) have been used to build, respectively, pharmacophore and QSAR models. These models were used for virtual screening of a database of 245 molecules generated around typical scaffolds of known DNA intercalators. This resulted in 12 hits which then were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity against VaV together with 43 compounds earlier studied against VSV. Two compounds displaying high antiviral activity against VaV and low cytotoxicity were selected for further antiviral activity investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrylo Klimenko
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, (UMR 7140 CNRS/UniStra), Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France; A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Sergey Lyakhov
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Marina Shibinskaya
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Karpenko
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Gilles Marcou
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, (UMR 7140 CNRS/UniStra), Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Dragos Horvath
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, (UMR 7140 CNRS/UniStra), Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Marina Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena Goncharova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Rinat Amirkhanov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Andrei Krysko
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Sergei Andronati
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Igor Levandovskiy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Pavel Polishchuk
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Victor Kuz'min
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine, Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Alexandre Varnek
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, (UMR 7140 CNRS/UniStra), Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France; Federal University of Kazan, Kremlevskaya str., 18, Kazan, Russia.
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9
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Li Z, Meng Y, Xu S, Shen W, Meng Z, Wang Z, Ding G, Huang W, Xiao W, Xu J. Discovery of acylguanidine oseltamivir carboxylate derivatives as potent neuraminidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2772-2781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Klimenko K, Marcou G, Horvath D, Varnek A. Chemical Space Mapping and Structure-Activity Analysis of the ChEMBL Antiviral Compound Set. J Chem Inf Model 2016; 56:1438-54. [PMID: 27410486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.6b00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Curation, standardization and data fusion of the antiviral information present in the ChEMBL public database led to the definition of a robust data set, providing an association of antiviral compounds to seven broadly defined antiviral activity classes. Generative topographic mapping (GTM) subjected to evolutionary tuning was then used to produce maps of the antiviral chemical space, providing an optimal separation of compound families associated with the different antiviral classes. The ability to pinpoint the specific spots occupied (responsibility patterns) on a map by various classes of antiviral compounds opened the way for a GTM-supported search for privileged structural motifs, typical for each antiviral class. The privileged locations of antiviral classes were analyzed in order to highlight underlying privileged common structural motifs. Unlike in classical medicinal chemistry, where privileged structures are, almost always, predefined scaffolds, privileged structural motif detection based on GTM responsibility patterns has the decisive advantage of being able to automatically capture the nature ("resolution detail"-scaffold, detailed substructure, pharmacophore pattern, etc.) of the relevant structural motifs. Responsibility patterns were found to represent underlying structural motifs of various natures-from very fuzzy (groups of various "interchangeable" similar scaffolds), to the classical scenario in medicinal chemistry (underlying motif actually being the scaffold), to very precisely defined motifs (specifically substituted scaffolds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrylo Klimenko
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, UMR 7140 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 1, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France.,Department on Molecular Structure and Chemoinformatics, A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of NAS of Ukraine , Lyustdorfskaya doroga, 86, Odessa 65080, Ukraine
| | - Gilles Marcou
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, UMR 7140 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 1, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Dragos Horvath
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, UMR 7140 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 1, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Alexandre Varnek
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, UMR 7140 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 1, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
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11
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Discovery of Influenza A virus neuraminidase inhibitors using support vector machine and Naïve Bayesian models. Mol Divers 2015; 20:439-51. [PMID: 26689205 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-015-9641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase (NA) is a critical enzyme in the life cycle of influenza virus, which is known as a successful paradigm in the design of anti-influenza agents. However, to date there are no classification models for the virtual screening of NA inhibitors. In this work, we built support vector machine and Naïve Bayesian models of NA inhibitors and non-inhibitors, with different ratios of active-to-inactive compounds in the training set and different molecular descriptors. Four models with sensitivity or Matthews correlation coefficients greater than 0.9 were chosen to predict the NA inhibitory activities of 15,600 compounds in our in-house database. We combined the results of four optimal models and selected 60 representative compounds to assess their NA inhibitory profiles in vitro. Nine NA inhibitors were identified, five of which were oseltamivir derivatives with large C-5 substituents exhibiting potent inhibition against H1N1 NA with IC50 values in the range of 12.9-185.0 nM, and against H3N2 NA with IC50 values between 18.9 and 366.1 nM. The other four active compounds belonged to novel scaffolds, with IC50 values ranging 39.5-63.8 μM against H1N1 NA and 44.5-114.1 μM against H3N2 NA. This is the first time that classification models of NA inhibitors and non-inhibitors are built and their prediction results validated experimentally using in vitro assays.
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12
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Singer AC, Järhult JD, Grabic R, Khan GA, Lindberg RH, Fedorova G, Fick J, Bowes MJ, Olsen B, Söderström H. Intra- and inter-pandemic variations of antiviral, antibiotics and decongestants in wastewater treatment plants and receiving rivers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108621. [PMID: 25254643 PMCID: PMC4177917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of eleven antibiotics (trimethoprim, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, cefotaxime, doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin), three decongestants (naphazoline, oxymetazoline, xylometazoline) and the antiviral drug oseltamivir's active metabolite, oseltamivir carboxylate (OC), were measured weekly at 21 locations within the River Thames catchment in England during the month of November 2009, the autumnal peak of the influenza A[H1N1]pdm09 pandemic. The aim was to quantify the pharmaceutical response to the pandemic and compare this to drug use during the late pandemic (March 2010) and the inter-pandemic periods (May 2011). A large and small wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were sampled in November 2009 to understand the differential fate of the analytes in the two WWTPs prior to their entry in the receiving river and to estimate drug users using a wastewater epidemiology approach. Mean hourly OC concentrations in the small and large WWTP's influent were 208 and 350 ng/L (max, 2070 and 550 ng/L, respectively). Erythromycin was the most concentrated antibiotic measured in Benson and Oxford WWTPs influent (max=6,870 and 2,930 ng/L, respectively). Napthazoline and oxymetazoline were the most frequently detected and concentrated decongestant in the Benson WWTP influent (1650 and 67 ng/L) and effluent (696 and 307 ng/L), respectively, but were below detection in the Oxford WWTP. OC was found in 73% of November 2009's weekly river samples (max=193 ng/L), but only in 5% and 0% of the late- and inter-pandemic river samples, respectively. The mean river concentration of each antibiotic during the pandemic largely fell between 17-74 ng/L, with clarithromycin (max=292 ng/L) and erythromycin (max=448 ng/L) yielding the highest single measure. In general, the concentration and frequency of detecting antibiotics in the river increased during the pandemic. OC was uniquely well-suited for the wastewater epidemiology approach owing to its nature as a prodrug, recalcitrance and temporally- and spatially-resolved prescription statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Singer
- Natural Environment Research Council, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom
| | - Josef D. Järhult
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roman Grabic
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Ganna Fedorova
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael J. Bowes
- Natural Environment Research Council, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Olsen
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Section for Zoonotic Ecology and Epidemiology, School of Natural Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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13
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An L, Liu R, Tang W, Wu JG, Chen X. Screening and identification of inhibitors against influenza A virus from a US drug collection of 1280 drugs. Antiviral Res 2014; 109:54-63. [PMID: 24971493 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Infection with influenza A virus is still a global concern since it causes significant mortality, morbidity and economic loss. New burst pandemics and rapid emergence of drug-resistance strains in recent years call for novel antiviral therapies. One promising way to overcome this problem is searching new inhibitors among thousands of drugs approved in the clinic for the treatment of different diseases or approved to be safe by clinical trials. In the present work, a collection of 1280 compounds, most of which have been clinically used in human or animal, were screened for anti-influenza activity and 41 hits (SI>4.0) were obtained. Next the 18 hit compounds with SI >10.0 were tested for antiviral activity against 7 other influenza virus strains in canine-originated MDCK cells, 9 compounds exhibited broad antiviral spectrum. The antiviral effects of the 9 compounds were also confirmed in human-originated A549 cells and chicken-originated DF1 cells, by infectious virus yield reduction assay and indirect immunofluorescent assay. Results from the time of addition assay showed that the 9 candidates impaired different stages of influenza virus life cycle, indicating they are novel inhibitors with different mechanisms compared with the existing M2 ion-channel blockers or neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors. Taken together, our findings provide 9 novel drug candidates for the treatment of influenza virus infection. Further mechanism of action study of these inhibitors may lead to the discovery of new anti-influenza targets and structure-activity relationship (SAR) study can be initiated to improve the efficacy of these new classes of influenza inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei An
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Jian-Guo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Xulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.
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14
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Ivachtchenko AV, Ivanenkov YA, Mitkin OD, Yamanushkin PM, Bichko VV, Shevkun NA, Mokrushina OV, Nevolina OO, Karapetian RN, Leneva IA, Fedyakina IT, Veselov MS. Novel oral anti-influenza prodrug candidate AV5075S. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1311-24. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ivachtchenko AV, Ivanenkov YA, Mitkin OD, Yamanushkin PM, Bichko VV, Shevkun NA, Karapetian RN, Leneva IA, Borisova OV, Veselov MS. Novel oral anti-influenza drug candidate AV5080. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1892-902. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Kapoor S, Dhama K. Prevention and Control of Influenza Viruses. INSIGHT INTO INFLUENZA VIRUSES OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS 2014. [PMCID: PMC7121144 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-05512-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 2003–2004 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have proven to be disastrous to the regional poultry industry in Asia, and have raised serious worldwide public health apprehension regarding the steps that should be taken to urgently control HPAI. Control measures must be taken based on the principles of biosecurity and disease management and at the same time making public aware of the precautionary measures at the verge of outbreak. Creation of protection and surveillance zones, various vaccination strategies viz. routine, preventive, emergency, mass and targeted vaccination programmes using live, inactivated and recombinant vaccines are the common strategies adopted in different parts of the globe. The new generation vaccines include recombinant vaccines and recombinant fusion vaccine. The pro-poor disease control programmes, giving compensation and subsidies to the farmers along with effective and efficient Veterinary Services forms integral part of control of HPAI. Following biosecurity principles and vaccination forms integral part of control programme against swine and equine influenza as well. Use of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (Zanamivir and Oseltamivir) for the treatment of human influenza has been widely accepted worldwide. The threat of increasing resistance of the flu viruses to these antivirals has evoked interest in the development of novel antiviral drugs for influenza virus such as inhibitors of cellular factors and host signalling cascades, cellular miRNAs, siRNA and innate immune peptides (defensins and cathelicidins). Commercial licensed inactivated vaccines for humans against influenza A and B viruses are available consisting of three influenza viruses: influenza type A subtype H3N2, influenza type A subtype H1N1 (seasonal) virus strain and influenza type B virus strain. As per WHO, use of tetravaccine consisting of antigens of influenza virus serotypes H3N2, H1N1, B and H5 is the most promising method to control influenza pandemic. All healthy children in many countries are required to be vaccinated between 6 and 59 months of age. The seasonal vaccines currently used in humans induce strain-specific humoral immunity as the antibodies. Universal influenza virus vaccines containing the relatively conserved ectodomain of M2 (M2e), M1, HA fusion peptide and stalk domains, NA, NP alone or in combination have been developed which have been shown to induce cross-protection. The T cell-based vaccines are another recent experimental approach that has been shown to elicit broad-spectrum heterosubtypic immunity in the host. As far as HPAI is concerned, various pandemic preparedness strategies have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kapoor
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004 Haryana India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh India
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