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Sharma S, Utreja D. Synthesis and antiviral activity of diverse heterocyclic scaffolds. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:870-920. [PMID: 34551197 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic moieties form a major part of organic chemistry as they are widely distributed in nature and have wide scale practical applications ranging from extensive clinical use to diverse fields such as medicine, agriculture, photochemistry, biocidal formulations, and polymer science. By virtue of their therapeutic properties, they could be employed in combating many infectious diseases. Among the common infectious diseases, viral infections are of great public health importance worldwide. Thus, there is an urgent need for the discovery and development of antiviral drugs and clinical methods to prevent various viral infections so as to increase the life expectancy. This review presents the comprehensive overview of the synthesis and antiviral activity of different heterocyclic compounds 2015 onwards, which aids in present knowledge and helps the researchers and other stakeholders to explore their field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivali Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Divya Utreja
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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2
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Gupta NK, Jayakumar S, Huang WC, Leyssen P, Neyts J, Bachurin SO, Hwu JR, Tsay SC. Bis(Benzofuran-1,3- N, N-heterocycle)s as Symmetric and Synthetic Drug Leads against Yellow Fever Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012675. [PMID: 36293531 PMCID: PMC9604066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow fever virus (YFV) is an emerging RNA virus and has caused large outbreaks in Africa and Central and South America. The virus is often transmitted through infected mosquitoes and spreads from area to area because of international travel. Being an acute viral hemorrhagic disease, yellow fever can be prevented by an effective, safe, and reliable vaccine, but not be eliminated. Currently, there is no antiviral drug available for its cure. Thus, two series of novel bis(benzofuran−1,3-imidazolidin-4-one)s and bis(benzofuran−1,3-benzimidazole)s were designed and synthesized for the development of anti-YFV lead candidates. Among 23 new bis-conjugated compounds, 4 of them inhibited YFV strain 17D (Stamaril) on Huh-7 cells in the cytopathic effect reduction assays. These conjugates exhibited the most compelling efficacy and selectivity with an EC50 of <3.54 μM and SI of >15.3. The results are valuable for the development of novel antiviral drug leads against emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Jayakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Pieter Leyssen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergey O. Bachurin
- The Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Jih Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhongli City 320317, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.R.H.); (S.-C.T.)
| | - Shwu-Chen Tsay
- Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhongli City 320317, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.R.H.); (S.-C.T.)
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3
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Computer-Aided Design and Synthesis of (Functionalized quinazoline)–(α-substituted coumarin)–arylsulfonate Conjugates against Chikungunya Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147646. [PMID: 35886992 PMCID: PMC9322071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has repeatedly spread via the bite of an infected mosquito and affected more than 100 countries. The disease poses threats to public health and the economy in the infected locations. Many efforts have been devoted to identifying compounds that could inhibit CHIKV. Unfortunately, successful clinical candidates have not been found yet. Computations through the simulating recognition process were performed on complexation of the nsP3 protein of CHIKV with the structures of triply conjugated drug lead candidates. The outcomes provided the aid on rational design of functionalized quinazoline-(α-substituted coumarin)-arylsulfonate compounds to inhibit CHIKV in Vero cells. The molecular docking studies showed a void space around the β carbon atom of coumarin when a substituent was attached at the α position. The formed vacancy offered a good chance for a Michael addition to take place owing to steric and electronic effects. The best conjugate containing a quinazolinone moiety exhibited potency with EC50 = 6.46 μM, low toxicity with CC50 = 59.7 μM, and the selective index (SI) = 9.24. Furthermore, the corresponding 4-anilinoquinazoline derivative improved the anti-CHIKV potency to EC50 = 3.84 μM, CC50 = 72.3 μM, and SI = 18.8. The conjugate with 4-anilinoquinazoline exhibited stronger binding affinity towards the macro domain than that with quinazolinone via hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions.
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4
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Hwu JR, Kapoor M, Gupta NK, Tsay SC, Huang WC, Tan KT, Hu YC, Lyssen P, Neyts J. Synthesis and antiviral activities of quinazolinamine–coumarin conjugates toward chikungunya and hepatitis C viruses. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Battisti V, Urban E, Langer T. Antivirals against the Chikungunya Virus. Viruses 2021; 13:1307. [PMID: 34372513 PMCID: PMC8310245 DOI: 10.3390/v13071307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that has re-emerged in recent decades, causing large-scale epidemics in many parts of the world. CHIKV infection leads to a febrile disease known as chikungunya fever (CHIKF), which is characterised by severe joint pain and myalgia. As many patients develop a painful chronic stage and neither antiviral drugs nor vaccines are available, the development of a potent CHIKV inhibiting drug is crucial for CHIKF treatment. A comprehensive summary of current antiviral research and development of small-molecule inhibitor against CHIKV is presented in this review. We highlight different approaches used for the identification of such compounds and further discuss the identification and application of promising viral and host targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.B.); (E.U.)
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6
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Hucke FIL, Bugert JJ. Current and Promising Antivirals Against Chikungunya Virus. Front Public Health 2020; 8:618624. [PMID: 33384981 PMCID: PMC7769948 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.618624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the causative agent of chikungunya fever (CHIKF) and is categorized as a(n) (re)emerging arbovirus. CHIKV has repeatedly been responsible for outbreaks that caused serious economic and public health problems in the affected countries. To date, no vaccine or specific antiviral therapies are available. This review gives a summary on current antivirals that have been investigated as potential therapeutics against CHIKF. The mode of action as well as possible compound targets (viral and host targets) are being addressed. This review hopes to provide critical information on the in vitro efficacies of various compounds and might help researchers in their considerations for future experiments.
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7
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Hassan AA, Bräse S, Aly AA, Tawfeek HN. Chemistry of Substituted Thiazinanes and Their Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:E5610. [PMID: 33260625 PMCID: PMC7730229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazinanes and its isomeric forms represent one of the most important heterocyclic compounds, and their derivatives represented a highly potent drug in disease treatment such as, 1,1-dioxido-1,2-thiazinan-1,6-naphthyridine, which has been shown to have anti-HIV activity by a mechanism that should work as anti-AIDS treatment, while (Z)-methyl 3-(naphthalen-1-ylimino)- 2-thia-4-azaspiro[5 5]undecane-4-carbodithioate showed analgesic activity, cephradine was used as antibiotic and chlormezanone was utilized as anticoagulants. All publications were interested in the chemistry of thiazine (partially or fully unsaturated heterocyclic six-membered ring containing nitrogen and sulfur), but no one was dealing with thiazinane itself which encouraged us to shed new light on these interesting heterocycles. This review was focused on the synthetic approaches of thiazinane derivatives and their chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A. Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (H.N.T.)
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ashraf A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (H.N.T.)
| | - Hendawy N. Tawfeek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.A.A.); (H.N.T.)
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8
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Wang XQ, Ye PT, Bai MJ, Miu WH, Yang ZX, Duan SY, Li TT, Li Y, Yang XD. Synthesis and biological activity of new bisbenzofuran-imidazolium salts. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127210. [PMID: 32359853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel bisbenzofuran-imidazolium salts were designed and prepared. The in vitro antitumor activity of these derivatives was evaluated against a panel of human tumor cell lines (A549, HL-60, MCF-7, SMMC-7721 and SW480). Results demonstrated that 2-methyl-benzimidazole ring and substitution of the imidazolyl-3-position with a 4-methoxyphenacyl or 2-naphthylacyl substituent were important for promoting cytotoxic activity. Notably, compound 23 was found to be the most potent compound with IC50 values of 0.64-1.47 μM against five human tumor cell lines, and exhibited higher selectivity to MCF-7 and SW-480 cell lines with IC50 values 15.3-fold and 9.1-fold lower than DDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Ping-Ting Ye
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Meng-Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Wei-Hang Miu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Su-Yue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall A, Gainesville, FL 32611-0290, USA
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650204, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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Santos FRS, Lima WG, Maia EHB, Assis LC, Davyt D, Taranto AG, Ferreira JMS. Identification of a Potential Zika Virus Inhibitor Targeting NS5 Methyltransferase Using Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:562-568. [PMID: 31985225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The NS5 methyltransferase (MTase) has been reported as an attractive molecular target for antivirals discovery against the Zika virus (ZIKV). Here, we report structure-based virtual screening of 42 390 structures from the Development Therapeutics Program (DTP) AIDS Antiviral Screen Database. Among the docked compounds, ZINC1652386 stood out due to its high affinity for MTase in comparison to the cocrystallized ligand MS2042, which interacts with the Asp146 residue in the MTase binding site by hydrogen bonding. Subsequent molecular dynamics simulations predicted that this compound forms a stable complex with MTase within 50 ns. Thus, ZINC1652386 may represent a promising ZIKV methyltransferase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe R S Santos
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica , Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei , Divinópolis , Minas Gerais , Brasil
| | - William G Lima
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brasil
| | - Eduardo H B Maia
- Laboratório de Quı́mica Farmacêutica Medicinal , Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei , Minas Gerais , Divinópolis , Brasil
| | - Letícia C Assis
- Laboratório de Quı́mica Farmacêutica Medicinal , Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei , Minas Gerais , Divinópolis , Brasil
| | - Danilo Davyt
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Alex Gutterres Taranto
- Laboratório de Quı́mica Farmacêutica Medicinal , Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei , Minas Gerais , Divinópolis , Brasil
| | - Jaqueline M S Ferreira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica , Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei , Divinópolis , Minas Gerais , Brasil
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10
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Olgac A, Yalcin I, Aki-Yalcin E. The 12 th AFMC International Medicinal Chemistry Symposium (AIMECS 2019) in Istanbul, Turkey. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:162-167. [PMID: 31724830 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AFMC-AIMECS meetings are internationally organized biannually by the Asian Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (AFMC) and are focused on recent studies in drug discovery and development both in academia and industry. Member organizations of the AFMC are the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea, the Korean Chemical Society, the Chemical Society Located in Taipei, the Indonesian Society of Medicinal Chemistry, the Medicinal Chemistry Section of the Israel Chemical Society, and the Computer-Aided Drug Design & Development Society in Turkey. Each time, the symposium is organized within these member countries. The AIMECS 2019 symposium was held in Turkey this year, as Prof. Dr. Esin Aki-Yalcin is the current president of the AFMC (2018-2020); the next AIMECS meeting will be organized in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. In this report, we discuss key topics at the 12th AFMC International Medicinal Chemistry Symposium - New Avenues for Design and Development of Translational Medicine (AIMECS 2019) held in Istanbul, September 8-11, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Olgac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Pharmacy, Emniyet Mah. Tac Sk. No.3, 06330, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.,Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Evias Pharmaceutical R&D Ltd., Gazi Teknopark G1-101, 06830, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yalcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Emniyet Mah. Degol Cd. No.4, 06560, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esin Aki-Yalcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Emniyet Mah. Degol Cd. No.4, 06560, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Khemalapure SS, Katti VS, Hiremath CS, Hiremath SM, Basanagouda M, Radder SB. Spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman, NMR and UV-Vis), ELF, LOL, NBO, and Fukui function investigations on (5-bromo-benzofuran-3-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide (5BBAH): Experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Kaur A, Kaur AP, Gautam P, Gautam D, Chaudhary RP. Ultrasound‐Assisted Facile Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Alkanediyl‐bis‐thiazolidin‐4‐ones and Alkanediyl‐bis‐thiazinan‐4‐ones. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amritpal Kaur
- Department of ChemistrySant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal (Sangrur) Punjab‐148106 India
| | - Avneet Pal Kaur
- Department of ChemistrySant Baba Bhag Singh University Jalandhar Punjab 144030 India
| | - Poonam Gautam
- Department of ChemistrySant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal (Sangrur) Punjab‐148106 India
| | - Deepika Gautam
- Department of ChemistrySant Baba Bhag Singh University Jalandhar Punjab 144030 India
| | - Ram Pal Chaudhary
- Department of ChemistrySant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal (Sangrur) Punjab‐148106 India
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Hwu JR, Huang WC, Lin SY, Tan KT, Hu YC, Shieh FK, Bachurin SO, Ustyugov A, Tsay SC. Chikungunya virus inhibition by synthetic coumarin-guanosine conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:136-143. [PMID: 30703657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in Tanganyika, Africa in 1952, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreaks have occurred in Africa, Asia, Europe, and America. Till now chikungunya fever has spread in nearly 40 countries. Because of lack of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs to intervene this disease, 21 new conjugated compounds were designed and synthesized by coupling of 6,8-dithioguanosine at its C-6 position with 3-(chloromethyl)coumarins bearing an F, Cl, Br, Me, or -OMe substituent through the -SCH2- joint. Meanwhile, an organic "dummy" ligand (e.g., methyl, benzyl, and naphthylmethyl) or a coumarinyl moiety was attached at the C-8 position. By high through-put screening, three of these new conjugates were found to inhibit CHIKV in Vero cells with significant potency (EC50 = 9.9-13.9 μM) and showed low toxicity (CC50 = 96.5-212 μM). The selectivity index values were 9.37-21.7. Their structure-activity relationship was deduced, which indicates that the coumarin moiety is essential and the presence of a -OMe group enhances the antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chieh Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Kui-Thong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Kuen Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Sergey O Bachurin
- The Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Alexey Ustyugov
- The Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Shwu-Chen Tsay
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
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14
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Benzofuran hydrazones as potential scaffold in the development of multifunctional drugs: Synthesis and evaluation of antioxidant, photoprotective and antiproliferative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:118-125. [PMID: 30006157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New benzofuranhydrazones 3-12 were easily prepared and assayed for their radical-scavenging ability. Hydrazones 3-12 showed different extent antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP and ORAC assays. Good antioxidant activity is related to the number and position of hydroxyl groups on the arylidene moiety. High antioxidant activity is showed by the 2-hydroxy-4-(diethylamino)benzylidene derivative 11. Furthermore, hydrazones 3-12 showed photoprotective capacities with satisfactory in vitro SPF as compared to the commercial PBSA sunscreen filter. The antiproliferative effects of the hydrazones 3-12 was tested on erythroleukemia K562 and Colo-38 melanoma human cells. All the compounds showed growth inhibition in the micromolar to sub micromolar concentration range. If taken together these results points to benzofuran hydrazones as potential multifunctional molecules especially in the treatment of neoplastic diseases being the good antioxidant properties of 5, 7 and 11 correlated to their high antiproliferative activity.
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Current Strategies for Inhibition of Chikungunya Infection. Viruses 2018; 10:v10050235. [PMID: 29751486 PMCID: PMC5977228 DOI: 10.3390/v10050235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing incidences of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection and co-infections with Dengue/Zika virus have highlighted the urgency for CHIKV management. Failure in developing effective vaccines or specific antivirals has fuelled further research. This review discusses updated strategies of CHIKV inhibition and provides possible future directions. In addition, it analyzes advances in CHIKV lifecycle, drug-target development, and potential hits obtained by in silico and experimental methods. Molecules identified with anti-CHIKV properties using traditional/rational drug design and their potential to succeed in subsequent stages of drug development have also been discussed. Possibilities of repurposing existing drugs based on their in vitro findings have also been elucidated. Probable modes of interference of these compounds at various stages of infection, including entry and replication, have been highlighted. The use of host factors as targets to identify antivirals against CHIKV has been addressed. While most of the earlier antivirals were effective in the early phases of the CHIKV life cycle, this review is also focused on drug candidates that are effective at multiple stages of its life cycle. Since most of these antivirals require validation in preclinical and clinical models, the challenges regarding this have been discussed and will provide critical information for further research.
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