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Ekka R, Gutierrez A, Johnson KA, Tan M, Sütterlin C. Chlamydia trachomatis induces disassembly of the primary cilium to promote the intracellular infection. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012303. [PMID: 38885287 PMCID: PMC11213297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is a clinically important bacterium that infects epithelial cells of the genitourinary and respiratory tracts and the eye. These differentiated cells are in a quiescent growth state and have a surface organelle called a primary cilium, but the standard Chlamydia cell culture infection model uses cycling cells that lack primary cilia. To investigate if these differences are relevant, we performed infections with host cells that have a primary cilium. We found that C. trachomatis caused progressive loss of the primary cilium that was prevented by disrupting Aurora A (AurA), HDAC6 or calmodulin, which are components of the cellular cilia disassembly pathway. Stabilization of the primary cilium by targeting this pathway caused a large reduction in infectious progeny although there were no changes in chlamydial inclusion growth, chlamydial replication or the ultrastructural appearance of dividing and infectious forms (RBs and EBs, respectively). Thus, the presence of a primary cilium interfered with the production of infectious EBs at a late step in the developmental cycle. C. trachomatis infection also induced quiescent cells to re-enter the cell cycle, as detected by EdU incorporation in S-phase, and Chlamydia-induced cilia disassembly was necessary for cell cycle re-entry. This study therefore describes a novel host-pathogen interaction in which the primary cilium limits a productive Chlamydia infection, and the bacterium counteracts this host cell defense by activating the cellular cilia disassembly pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseleen Ekka
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Abraham Gutierrez
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Kirsten A. Johnson
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Christine Sütterlin
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
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Grisetti L, Garcia CJC, Saponaro AA, Tiribelli C, Pascut D. The role of Aurora kinase A in hepatocellular carcinoma: Unveiling the intriguing functions of a key but still underexplored factor in liver cancer. Cell Prolif 2024:e13641. [PMID: 38590119 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) plays a central role as a serine/threonine kinase in regulating cell cycle progression and mitotic functions. Over the years, extensive research has revealed the multifaceted roles of AURKA in cancer development and progression. AURKA's dysregulation is frequently observed in various human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its overexpression in HCC has been associated with aggressive phenotypes and poor clinical outcomes. This review comprehensively explores the molecular mechanisms underlying AURKA expression in HCC and its functional implications in cell migration, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, stemness, and drug resistance. This work focuses on the clinical significance of AURKA as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC. High levels of AURKA expression have been correlated with shorter overall and disease-free survival in various cohorts, highlighting its potential utility as a sensitive prognostic indicator. Recent insights into AURKA's role in modulating the tumour microenvironment, particularly immune cell recruitment, may provide valuable information for personalized treatment strategies. AURKA's critical involvement in modulating cellular pathways and its overexpression in cancer makes it an attractive target for anticancer therapies. This review discusses the evidence about novel and selective AURKA inhibitors for more effective treatments for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Grisetti
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Liver Cancer Unit, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Clarissa J C Garcia
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Liver Cancer Unit, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna A Saponaro
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Liver Cancer Unit, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Liver Cancer Unit, Trieste, Italy
| | - Devis Pascut
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS, Liver Cancer Unit, Trieste, Italy
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Luo W, Lu J, Zheng X, Wang J, Qian S, Bai Z, Wu M. A novel prognostic N 7-methylguanosine-related long non-coding RNA signature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18454. [PMID: 37891201 PMCID: PMC10611723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is regulated by methylation modifications and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, knowledge of N7-methylguanosine (m7G)-related lncRNAs that predict ccRCC prognosis remains insufficient. A prognostic multi-lncRNA signature was created using LASSO regression to examine the differential expression of m7G-related lncRNAs in ccRCC. Furthermore, we performed Kaplan-Meier analysis and area under the curve (AUC) analysis for diagnosis. In all, a model based on five lncRNAs was developed. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the risk model precisely separated the patients into different groups. The IC50 value for drug sensitivity divided patients into two risk groups. High-risk group of patients was more susceptible to A.443654, A.770041, ABT.888, AMG.706, and AZ628. Moreover, a lower tumor mutation burden combined with low-risk scores was associated with a better prognosis of ccRCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) exhibited that the expression levels of LINC01507, AC093278.2 were very high in all five ccRCC cell lines, AC084876.1 was upregulated in all ccRCC cell lines except 786-O, and the levels of AL118508.1 and DUXAP8 were upregulated in the Caki-1 cell line. This risk model may be promising for the clinical prediction of prognosis and immunotherapeutic responses in patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Luo
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Clinical, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - JinJing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - ShengYan Qian
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - ZhiXun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - MingSong Wu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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Ly CY, Pfannenstiel J, Pant A, Yang Z, Fehr AR, Rodzkin MS, Davido DJ. Inhibitors of One or More Cellular Aurora Kinases Impair the Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and Other DNA and RNA Viruses with Diverse Genomes and Life Cycles. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0194322. [PMID: 36537798 PMCID: PMC9927324 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01943-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We utilized a high-throughput cell-based assay to screen several chemical libraries for inhibitors of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) gene expression. From this screen, four aurora kinase inhibitors were identified that potently reduced gene expression during HSV-1 lytic infection. HSV-1 is known to interact with cellular kinases to regulate gene expression by modulating the phosphorylation and/or activities of viral and cellular proteins. To date, the role of aurora kinases in HSV-1 lytic infection has not been reported. We demonstrated that three aurora kinase inhibitors strongly reduced the transcript levels of immediate-early (IE) genes ICP0, ICP4, and ICP27 and impaired HSV-1 protein expression from all classes of HSV-1, including ICP0, ICP4, ICP8, and gC. These restrictions caused by the aurora kinase inhibitors led to potent reductions in HSV-1 viral replication. The compounds TAK 901, JNJ 7706621, and PF 03814735 decreased HSV-1 titers by 4,500-, 13,200-, and 8,400-fold, respectively, when present in a low micromolar range. The antiviral activity of these compounds correlated with an apparent decrease in histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph) during viral infection, suggesting that the phosphorylation status of H3 influences HSV-1 gene expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the aurora kinase inhibitors also impaired the replication of other RNA and DNA viruses. These inhibitors significantly reduced yields of vaccinia virus (a poxvirus, double-stranded DNA, cytoplasmic replication) and mouse hepatitis virus (a coronavirus, positive-sense single-strand RNA [ssRNA]), whereas vesicular stomatitis virus (rhabdovirus, negative-sense ssRNA) yields were unaffected. These results indicated that the activities of aurora kinases play pivotal roles in the life cycles of diverse viruses. IMPORTANCE We have demonstrated that aurora kinases play a role during HSV-1 lytic infection. Three aurora kinase inhibitors significantly impaired HSV-1 immediate-early gene expression. This led to a potent reduction in HSV-1 protein expression and viral replication. Together, our results illustrate a novel role for aurora kinases in the HSV-1 lytic cycle and demonstrate that aurora kinase inhibitors can restrict HSV-1 replication. Furthermore, these aurora kinase inhibitors also reduced the replication of murine coronavirus and vaccinia virus, suggesting that multiple viral families utilize the aurora kinases for their own replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Y. Ly
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Jessica Pfannenstiel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Anil Pant
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony R. Fehr
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Maxim S. Rodzkin
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - David J. Davido
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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A Novel Metabolism-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of HBV-Infected Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2391265. [PMID: 36072970 PMCID: PMC9441393 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2391265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the crucial hallmarks of cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resulting from hepatitis B has various altered metabolic features. However, the impact of such alterations on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy efficacy is still unclear. Here, a prognostic signature of metabolism-related gene (MRG) composition was constructed, and the immune profile of different subgroups and potential response to immunotherapy were described. Based on the HCC gene dataset, we used weighted gene coexpression network analysis for identifying MRGs linked to hepatitis B. An MRG prognostic index (MRGPI) with two genes, ATIC and KIF2C, was constructed using Cox regression analysis, an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the model was validated using the GEO dataset. The immune profile and prediction of HCC response to immunotherapy in different subgroups were analyzed using CIBERSORT and TIDE. Based on the outcomes, the distributions of memory B cells, monocytes, resting mast cells, and M0 macrophages in TME were different with a greater benefit of immunotherapy in the low MRGPI risk group. In addition, the MRGPI risk groups showed substantial differences in sensitivity to conventional drug therapy. This study concludes that MRGPI is an effective biomarker for predicting the prognoses of patients with HCC resulting from hepatitis B virus infections and determining the efficacy of immunotherapy and conventional medical therapy.
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Raghuvanshi R, Bharate SB. Recent Developments in the Use of Kinase Inhibitors for Management of Viral Infections. J Med Chem 2021; 65:893-921. [PMID: 33539089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kinases are a group of therapeutic targets involved in the progression of numerous diseases, including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and viral infections. The majority of approved antiviral agents are inhibitors of virus-specific targets that are encoded by individual viruses. These inhibitors are narrow-spectrum agents that can cause resistance development. Viruses are dependent on host cellular proteins, including kinases, for progression of their life-cycle. Thus, targeting kinases is an important therapeutic approach to discovering broad-spectrum antiviral agents. As there are a large number of FDA approved kinase inhibitors for various indications, their repurposing for viral infections is an attractive and time-sparing strategy. Many kinase inhibitors, including baricitinib, ruxolitinib, imatinib, tofacitinib, pacritinib, zanubrutinib, and ibrutinib, are under clinical investigation for COVID-19. Herein, we discuss FDA approved kinase inhibitors, along with a repertoire of clinical/preclinical stage kinase inhibitors that possess antiviral activity or are useful in the management of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinky Raghuvanshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division,CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division,CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Taguchi YH, Turki T. A new advanced in silico drug discovery method for novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) with tensor decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238907. [PMID: 32915876 PMCID: PMC7485840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a critical pandemic that has affected human communities worldwide, and there is an urgent need to develop effective drugs. Although there are a large number of candidate drug compounds that may be useful for treating COVID-19, the evaluation of these drugs is time-consuming and costly. Thus, screening to identify potentially effective drugs prior to experimental validation is necessary. METHOD In this study, we applied the recently proposed method tensor decomposition (TD)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) to gene expression profiles of multiple lung cancer cell lines infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We identified drug candidate compounds that significantly altered the expression of the 163 genes selected by TD-based unsupervised FE. RESULTS Numerous drugs were successfully screened, including many known antiviral drug compounds such as C646, chelerythrine chloride, canertinib, BX-795, sorafenib, sorafenib, QL-X-138, radicicol, A-443654, CGP-60474, alvocidib, mitoxantrone, QL-XII-47, geldanamycin, fluticasone, atorvastatin, quercetin, motexafin gadolinium, trovafloxacin, doxycycline, meloxicam, gentamicin, and dibromochloromethane. The screen also identified ivermectin, which was first identified as an anti-parasite drug and recently the drug was included in clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS The drugs screened using our strategy may be effective candidates for treating patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-h. Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Turki Turki
- Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Wang Z, Wang W, Wang L. Epigenetic regulation of covalently closed circular DNA minichromosome in hepatitis B virus infection. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41048-020-00112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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