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An earphone fit deviation analysis algorithm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1084. [PMID: 36658281 PMCID: PMC9852584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27794-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides an accurate method for evaluating the fit of earphones, which could be used for establishing a linkage between interference/gap values with human perception. Seven commercial CAD software tools stood out and were explored for the analysis of the deviation between earphone and ear. However, the current deviation analysis method remains to be improved for earphone fit evaluation due to excessive points in the calculation (Geomagic Wrap and Siemens NX), lack of value on interference (Geomagic Control X), computation boundary required (Rapidform XOR/Redesign), repetitive computation with same points and inclined calculation line segment or even invalid calculation (Solidworks, Creo). Therefore, an accurate deviation analysis algorithm was promoted, which calculated the deviation between earphone and ear exactly and classified the interference set and gap set precisely. There are five main procedures of this algorithm, which are point cloud model pre-processing, the generation of distance vectors, the discrimination of interference set and gap set, the discrimination of validity, and statistical analysis and visualization. Furthermore, the usability and validity of the deviation analysis algorithm were verified through statistical analysis and comparing visual effects based on the earphone-wearing experiment. It is certified that the deviation analysis algorithm is appropriate for earphone fit evaluation and the eight indexes of this algorithm were proved to be related to subjective comfort scores. It is meaningful for ear-worn product fit analysis, design, and development phases.
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Zhang R, Niu J, Ran L. Is low-cost motion capture with artificial intelligence applicable for human working posture risk assessment during manual material handling? A pilot study. Work 2023; 74:283-293. [PMID: 36245349 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing working posture risks is important for occupational safety and health. However, low-cost assessment techniques for human motion injuries in the logistics delivery industry have rarely been reported. OBJECTIVE To propose a novel approach for posture risk assessment using low-cost motion capture with artificial intelligence. METHODS A Kinect was adopted to obtain red-green-blue (RGB) and depth images of the subject with 24 postures, and the human joints were extracted using artificial intelligence. The images were registered to obtain the actual three-dimensional (3D) human joint angle. RESULTS The root mean square error (RMSE) significantly decreased. Finally, two common methods for evaluating human working posture injuries-the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and Ovako Working Posture Analysis System-were investigated. CONCLUSIONS The outputs of the proposed method are consistent with those of the commercial ergonomic evaluation software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Niu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Linghua Ran
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, China
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Wang M, Fan H, Yu S, Wang L, Chu J, Tang X, Li W, Zhao X, Zhang S, Chen D. Analysis of the auricles and auricular shape types for ear-related wearables: A study of mainland Chinese sample aged 15–79. Work 2022; 73:335-352. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Comprehension of the complex shape of the auricle and how it differs in terms of factors such as sex, age, and side have become an imperative aspect of the fabrication and service delivery of products that are natural, functional, and healthy for users. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at providing a clear understanding of the anthropometric characteristics based on age, sex, size, and side and shape type of the auricles of mainland Chinese samples. METHODS: Casting and 3D scanning were employed to obtain eighteen auricular measurement variables from 1120 subjects (aged 15–79). Examination of sex-related and bilateral differences were conducted. Furthermore, factor analysis was employed to establish the factors associated with the variations in auricular shape. Also, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to classify the auricular shapes of individuals. RESULTS: The auricular inclination angle, conchal depth and tragal height did not exhibit any specific trend across the age groups. No significant bilateral difference was observed in both genders. The auricular shapes were classified into five types according to six major factors. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that measurement variables of the Chinese auricles changed continuously with age, with most of the linear variables exhibiting a steady increase. The apparent strong association between the auricular types and age groups indicate that a person’s auricular shape may change with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Suihuai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianjie Chu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Art and Design, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Dengkai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Chi C, Zeng X, Bruniaux P, Tartare G. A study on segmentation and refinement of key human body parts by integrating manual measurements. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:60-77. [PMID: 34338605 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1963489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optimal ergonomic design for consumer goods (such as garments and furniture) cannot be perfectly realised because of imprecise interactions between products and human models. In this paper, we propose a new body classification method that integrates human skeleton features, expert experience, manual measurement methods, and statistical analysis (principal component analysis and K-means clustering). Taking the upper body of young males as an example, the proposed method enables the classification of upper bodies into a number of levels at three key body segments (the arm root [seven levels], the shoulder [five levels], and the torso [below the shoulder, eight levels]). From several experiments, we found that the proposed method can lead to more accurate results than the classical classification methods based on three-dimensional (3 D) human model and can provide semantic knowledge of human body shapes. This includes interpretations of the classification results at these three body segments and key feature point positions, as determined by skeleton features and expert experience. Quantitative analysis also demonstrates that the reconstruction errors satisfy the requirements of garment design and production. Practitioner summary The acquisition and classification of anthropometric data constitute the basis of ergonomic design. This paper presents a new method for body classification that leads to more accurate results than classical classification methods (which are based on human body models). We also provide semantic knowledge about the shape of human body. The proposed method can also be extended to 3 D body modelling and to the design of other consumer products, such as furniture, seats, and cars. Abbreviations: PCA: principal component analysis; KMO: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin; ANOVA: analysis of variance; 3D: three-dimensional; 2D: two-dimensional; ISO: International Standardisation Organisation; BFB: body-feature-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chi
- Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China
- Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, Roubaix, France
| | - Xianyi Zeng
- Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, Roubaix, France
| | - Pascal Bruniaux
- Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, Roubaix, France
| | - Guillaume Tartare
- Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, Roubaix, France
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