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Qubtia M, Ghumman SA, Noreen S, Hameed H, Noureen S, Kausar R, Irfan A, Akhtar Shah P, Afzal H, Hameed M, Raish M, Rana M, Ahmad A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Bin Jardan YA. Evaluation of Plant-Based Silver Nanoparticles for Antioxidant Activity and Promising Wound-Healing Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12146-12157. [PMID: 38496949 PMCID: PMC10938328 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The current research focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a polar extract of taro corms and the evaluation of its antioxidant properties and wound-healing applications. Taro corm extract (100 mL) was treated with a 5 mM AgNO3 solution (100 mL) at room temperature for the formation of AgNPs, and a color change was observed. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks in their UV-visible spectra appeared at a range of 438-445 nm. Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the taro corms extract-mediated AgNPs (TCE-AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were crystalline and spherical, with an average size of 244.9-272.2 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.530 and zeta potential of -18.8 mV, respectively. The antibacterial potential of TCE-AgNPs was tested, and the inhibition zones detected against Cronobacter sakazakii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis were 28, 26, 18, and 13 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of TCE-AgNPs showed significant radical-scavenging activity compared to the standard used. Collagen content data collected from regenerated tissue and higher collagen content indicated rapid wound healing compared to others, which was seen in a group treated with TCE-AgNP film bandages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Qubtia
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Sobia Noreen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Huma Hameed
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Noureen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Kausar
- ILM
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Pervaiz Akhtar Shah
- University
College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Afzal
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Hameed
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Rana
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Department of Histology,
Embryology
and Cytophysiology, Collegium Medicum, ul. Radziwillowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Pourova J, Dias P, Pour M, Bittner Fialová S, Czigle S, Nagy M, Tóth J, Balázs VL, Horváth A, Csikós E, Farkas Á, Horváth G, Mladěnka P. Proposed mechanisms of action of herbal drugs and their biologically active constituents in the treatment of coughs: an overview. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16096. [PMID: 37901462 PMCID: PMC10607228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various medicinal plants find their use in cough treatment, based on traditions and long-term experience. Pharmacological principles of their action, however, are much less known. Herbal drugs usually contain a mixture of potentially active compounds, which can manifest diverse effects. Expectorant or antitussive effects, which can be accompanied by others, such as anti-inflammatory or antibacterial, are probably the most important in the treatment of coughs. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants or their constituents on cough, based on reliable pharmacological studies. First, a comprehensive description of each effect is provided in order to explain the possible mechanism of action in detail. Next, the results related to individual plants and substances are summarized and critically discussed based on pharmacological in vivo and in vitro investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pourova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Xue T, Ruan K, Tang Z, Duan J, Xu H. Isolation, structural properties, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Althaea officinalis Linn.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125098. [PMID: 37245776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Althaea officinalis Linn. (AO) is a widely distributed herbaceous plant with a long history of medicinal and food functions in Europe and Western Asia. Althaea officinalis polysaccharide (AOP), as one of the main components and a crucial bioactive substance of AO, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including antitussive, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, wound healing, immunomodulatory, and infertility therapy effects. Many polysaccharides have been successfully obtained in the last five decades from AO. However, there is currently no review available concerning AOP. Considering the importance of AOP for biological study and drug discovery, the present review aims to systematically summarize the recent major studies on extraction and purification methods of polysaccharides from different AO parts (seeds, roots, leaves and flowers), as well as the characterization of their chemical structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and the application of AOP in different fields. Meanwhile, the shortcomings of AOP research are further discussed in detail, and new valuable insights for future AOP research as therapeutic agents and functional foods are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Xue
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
| | - Kaihua Ruan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xi'an New Area Central Hospital), Xi'an 710075, PR China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
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Leaky Gut and the Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020619. [PMID: 36677677 PMCID: PMC9862683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The human body is in daily contact with potentially toxic and infectious substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT has the most significant load of antigens. The GIT can protect the intestinal integrity by allowing the passage of beneficial agents and blocking the path of harmful substances. Under normal conditions, a healthy intestinal barrier prevents toxic elements from entering the blood stream. However, factors such as stress, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol, antibiotics, and drug consumption can compromise the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier function of the intestine, leading to increased intestinal permeability. Intestinal hyperpermeability can allow the entry of harmful agents through the junctions of the intestinal epithelium, which pass into the bloodstream and affect various organs and systems. Thus, leaky gut syndrome and intestinal barrier dysfunction are associated with intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as extra-intestinal diseases, including heart diseases, obesity, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease. Given the relationship between intestinal permeability and numerous conditions, it is convenient to seek an excellent strategy to avoid or reduce the increase in intestinal permeability. The impact of dietary nutrients on barrier function can be crucial for designing new strategies for patients with the pathogenesis of leaky gut-related diseases associated with epithelial barrier dysfunctions. In this review article, the role of functional ingredients is suggested as mediators of leaky gut-related disorders.
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Wound Healing and Antioxidant Properties of Launaea procumbens Supported by Metabolomic Profiling and Molecular Docking. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112258. [PMID: 36421445 PMCID: PMC9687060 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wounds adversely affect people’s quality of life and have psychological, social, and economic impacts. Herbal remedies of Launaea procumbens (LP) are used to treat wounds. In an excision wound model, topical application of LP significantly promoted wound closure (on day 14, LP-treated animals had the highest percentages of wound closure in comparison with the other groups, as the wound was entirely closed with a closure percentage of 100%, p < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed a considerable rise in the number of fibroblasts, the amount of collagen, and its cross-linking in LP-treated wounds. Gene expression patterns showed significant elevation of TGF-β levels (2.1-fold change after 7 days treatment and 2.7-fold change in 14 days treatment) and downregulation of the inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β levels in LP-treated wounds. Regarding in vitro antioxidant activity, LP extract significantly diminished the formation of H2O2 radical (IC50 = 171.6 μg/mL) and scavenged the superoxide radical (IC50 of 286.7 µg/mL), indicating antioxidant potential in a dose-dependent manner. Dereplication of the secondary metabolites using LC-HRMS resulted in the annotation of 16 metabolites. The identified compounds were docked against important wound-healing targets, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), collagen α-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Among dereplicated compounds, luteolin 8-C-glucoside (orientin) demonstrated binding potential to four investigated targets (VEGF, interleukin 1β, TNF-α, and collagen α-1). To conclude, Launaea procumbens extract could be regarded as a promising topical therapy to promote wound healing in excisional wounds, and luteolin 8-C-glucoside (orientin), one of its constituents, is a potential wound-healing drug lead.
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Rani Raju N, Silina E, Stupin V, Manturova N, Chidambaram SB, Achar RR. Multifunctional and Smart Wound Dressings—A Review on Recent Research Advancements in Skin Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081574. [PMID: 36015200 PMCID: PMC9414988 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The healing of wounds is a dynamic function that necessitates coordination among multiple cell types and an optimal extracellular milieu. Much of the research focused on finding new techniques to improve and manage dermal injuries, chronic injuries, burn injuries, and sepsis, which are frequent medical concerns. A new research strategy involves developing multifunctional dressings to aid innate healing and combat numerous issues that trouble incompletely healed injuries, such as extreme inflammation, ischemic damage, scarring, and wound infection. Natural origin-based compounds offer distinct characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. Researchers have developed biopolymer-based wound dressings with drugs, biomacromolecules, and cells that are cytocompatible, hemostatic, initiate skin rejuvenation and rapid healing, and possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The main goal would be to mimic characteristics of fetal tissue regeneration in the adult healing phase, including complete hair and glandular restoration without delay or scarring. Emerging treatments based on biomaterials, nanoparticles, and biomimetic proteases have the keys to improving wound care and will be a vital addition to the therapeutic toolkit for slow-healing wounds. This study focuses on recent discoveries of several dressings that have undergone extensive pre-clinical development or are now undergoing fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Rani Raju
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Street 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery No 1, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Ostrovityanova Street 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalia Manturova
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cosmetology and Cell Technologies, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9535413026
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Koyyada A, Orsu P. Nanofibrous scaffolds of carboxymethyl guargum potentiated with reduced graphene oxide for in vitro and in vivo wound healing applications. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:121035. [PMID: 34438006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiber scaffolds mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and help in fibroblasts proliferation which is the main constituent for wound healing. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing potential of electrospun nanofibers fabricated by carboxymethyl guargum (CMGG), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and polyvinyl alcohol. The nanofibers have shown desired properties like excellent porosity and good water holding capacities. The porosity of nanofibers helps in the movement of oxygen to cells and the removal of waste materials and the swelling capacity helps to maintain the moisture content at the wound site. In addition, the in vitro hemocompatibility and wound healing assay have shown excellent results rendering the nanofibers biocompatible. The in vitro fibroblasts (3T3-L1) proliferation was significantly more in rGO/CMGG/PVA nanofibers than CMGG/PVA and cell control. Further, the in vivo wound healing evaluation of these nanofiber dressings in rabbits has shown significant wound closure compared to control and standard. Histology studies revealed the fast collagen formation and re-epithelialization necessary for wound healing among rGO/CMGG/PVA treated rabbits. Therefore, the rGO/CMGG/PVA nanofiber scaffolds can be potential wound dressing candidates and be further evaluated for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Koyyada
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India.
| | - Prabhakar Orsu
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India.
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Skin barrier modulation by Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage for transdermal drug delivery. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mahboubi M. Marsh Mallow (Althaea officinalis L.) and Its Potency in the Treatment of Cough. Complement Med Res 2019; 27:174-183. [PMID: 31770755 DOI: 10.1159/000503747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Althaea officinalis has been traditionally used for management of cough and other respiratory problems. The aim of this review article was to evaluate its efficacy in modern research according to its traditional beliefs. All information was extracted from scientific resources of PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, SID, accessible books, reports, and theses. The results of animal and clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of A. officinalis extracts alone in treatment of dry cough, while combination of A. officinalis with Zataria multiflora, Zingiber officinalis, or Helix hedera increased the efficacy of A. officinalis and improved all kinds of cough. Different mechanisms are involved in expectorant and antitussive effects of A. officinalis in treatment of cough. Therefore, A. officinalis in combination with other plant extracts in different forms of drug could be a good choice for cough, sore throat, and other respiratory ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddese Mahboubi
- Medicinal Plants Research Department, Research and Development, TabibDaru Pharmaceutical Company, Kashan, Iran,
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Ghaseminezhad K, Zare M, Lashkarara S, Yousefzadeh M, Aghazadeh Mohandesi J. Fabrication of althea officinalis loaded electrospun nanofibrous scaffold for potential application of skin tissue engineering. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keyhan Ghaseminezhad
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnice) 1591634311 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Zare
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnice) 1591634311 Tehran Iran
| | - Saba Lashkarara
- Department of Chemical EngineeringArak University 3813853945 Arak Iran
| | - Maryam Yousefzadeh
- Department of Textile EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnice) 1591634311 Tehran Iran
| | - Jamshid Aghazadeh Mohandesi
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnice) 1591634311 Tehran Iran
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Lans C. Do recent research studies validate the medicinal plants used in British Columbia, Canada for pet diseases and wild animals taken into temporary care? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:366-392. [PMID: 30772483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There are insufficient safe and effective treatments for chronic pain in pets. In cases such as osteoarthritis there is no commercially available cure and veterinarians use NSAIDs to manage pain. Pet owners may have to plan for a lifetime of plant-based treatment for the conditions that lead to chronic pain in pets. Phytopharmacotherapies have the advantage of being less toxic, cheap or free, readily available, are more likely to be safe for long-term use and have the potential to reset the immune system to normal functioning. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine the recently published medicinal plant research that matches unpublished data on ethnoveterinary medicines (EVM) used for pets in Canada (British Columbia) to see if the EVM data can provide a lead to the development of necessary drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2003 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 participants who were organic farmers or holisitic medicinal/veterinary practitioners obtained using a purposive sample. A draft manual prepared from the data was then evaluated by participants at a participatory workshop that discussed the plant-based treatments. A copy of the final version of the manual was given to all research participants. In 2018, the recently published research matching the EVM data was reviewed to see if the EVM practices could serve as a lead for further research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Medicinal plants are used to treat a range of conditions. The injuries treated in pets in British Columbia included abscesses (resulting from an initial injury), sprains and abrasions. Dogs were also treated with medicinal plants for rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain and articular cartilage injuries. More than 40 plants were used. Anal gland problems were treated with Allium sativum L., Aloe vera L., Calendula officinalis L., Plantago major L., Ulmus fulva Michx., Urtica dioica L. and Usnea longissima Ach. Arctium lappa, Hydrangea arborescens and Lactuca muralis were used for rheumatoid arthritis and joint pain in pets. Asthma was treated with: Linum usitatissimum L., Borago officinalis L., Verbascum thapsus L., Cucurbita pepo L., Lobelia inflata L., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Pets with heart problems were treated with Crataegus oxyacantha L., Cedronella canariensis (L.) Willd. ex Webb & Berth, Equisetum palustre L., Cypripedium calceolus L., Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson, Humulus lupulus L., Valeriana officinalis L., Lobelia inflata L., Stachys officinalis (L.) Trev., and Viscum album L. The following plants were used for epilepsy, motion sickness and anxiety- Avena sativa L., Valeriana officinalis, Lactuca muralis (L.) Fresen., Scutellaria lateriflora L., Satureja hortensis L., and Passiflora incarnata L. Plants used for cancer treatment included Phytolacca decandra, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Rumex acetosella, Arctium lappa, Ulmus fulva, Rheum palmatum, Frangula purshiana, Zingiber officinale, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ulmus fulva, Althea officinalis, Rheum palmatum, Rumex crispus and Plantago psyllium. Trifolium pratense was used for tumours in the prostate gland. Also used were Artemisia annua, Taraxacum officinale and Rumex crispus. This review of plants used in EVM was possible because phytotherapy research of the plants described in this paper has continued because few new pharmaceutical drugs have been developed for chronic pain and because treatments like glucocorticoid therapy do not heal. Phytotherapuetic products are also being investigated to address the overuse of antibiotics. There have also been recent studies conducted on plant-based functional foods and health supplements for pets, however there are still gaps in the knowledge base for the plants Stillingia sylvatica, Verbascum thapsus, Yucca schidigera and Iris versicolor and these need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lans
- Institute for Ethnobotany and Zoopharmacognosy (IEZ), Rijksstraatweg 158A, 6573 DG Beek, the Netherlands.
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The effect of the combination of Malva sylvestris L. and Althaea digitata Boiss. on prevention of acute radiation proctitis in patients with prostate cancer. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Kalantari H, Hemmati AA, Goudarzi M, Forouzandeh H, Kalantar M, Aghel N, Kiyani Aslani M, Shamsi Ehsan T. Healing Effect of Hawthorn (Crataegus pontica C. Koch) Leaf Extract in Dermal Toxicity Induced by T-2 Toxin in Rabbit. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-35688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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