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Shaygannejad V, Mirmosayyeb O, Bagherieh S, Shaygan P, Ghajarzadeh M. The Efficacy of Fingolimod and Interferons in Controlling Disability and Relapse Rate in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2024; 14:131. [PMID: 38449687 PMCID: PMC10916411 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_12_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fingolimod and interferons are used in the relapse form of multiple sclerosis (MS). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of fingolimod versus interferon in patients with MS. The systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Methods The references of included studies as well as conference abstracts were searched up to July 2021. The literature search revealed 8211 articles, and after deleting duplicates 5594 remained. For the meta-analysis, four studies were included. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) after treatment (interferon vs fingolimod) was -0.06 (95% CI: -0.28, 0.17) (I2 = 80.2%, P = 0.002). Results The SMD of the annual relapse rate (ARR) after treatment (interferon - fingolimod) was -0.08 (95% CI: -0.53, 0.36) (I2 = 95.5%, P < 0.001). The SMD of the ARR after treatment and before treatment in the interferon group was - 1.45, (95% CI: -1.55, -1.36) (I2 = 0, P = 0.3). The SMD of ARR after treatment and before treatment in the fingolimod group was - 1.3, (95% CI: -1.94, -0.65) (I2 = 97.4%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this systematic review show that efficacy of interferon and fingolimod in controlling relapse rate and disability is similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Shaygannejad
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Mirmosayyeb
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Bagherieh
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parisa Shaygan
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghajarzadeh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Council of Epidemiology (UCE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gadhave DG, Sugandhi VV, Kokare CR. Potential biomaterials and experimental animal models for inventing new drug delivery approaches in the neurodegenerative disorder: Multiple sclerosis. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148674. [PMID: 37952871 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The tight junction of endothelial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) has an ideal characteristic, acting as a biological barrier that can securely regulate the movement of molecules in the brain. Tightly closed astrocyte cell junctions on blood capillaries are the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This biological barrier prohibits the entry of polar drugs, cells, and ions, which protect the brain from harmful toxins. However, delivering any therapeutic agent to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, etc.) is extremely difficult. Active immune responses such as microglia, astrocytes, and lymphocytes cross the BBB and attack the nerve cells, which causes the demyelination of neurons. Therefore, there is a hindrance in transmitting electrical signals properly, resulting in blindness, paralysis, and neuropsychiatric problems. The main objective of this article is to shed light on the performance of biomaterials, which will help researchers to create nanocarriers that can cross the blood-brain barrier and achieve a therapeutic concentration of drugs in the CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The present review focuses on the importance of biomaterials with diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy that can help enhance multiple sclerosis therapeutic potential. Currently, the development of MS in animal models is limited by immune responses, which prevent MS induction in healthy animals. Therefore, this article also showcases animal models currently used for treating MS. A future advance in developing a novel effective strategy for treating MS is now a potential area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandev G Gadhave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune 413130, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vrashabh V Sugandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Chandrakant R Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
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Rump A, Ratas K, Lepasepp TK, Suurväli J, Smolander OP, Gross-Paju K, Toomsoo T, Kanellopoulos J, Rüütel Boudinot S. Sex-dependent expression levels of VAV1 and P2X7 in PBMC of multiple sclerosis patients. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13283. [PMID: 38441379 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system and the leading cause of progressive neurological disability in young adults. It decreases the patient's lifespan by about 10 years and affects women more than men. No medication entirely restricts or reverses neurological degradation. However, early diagnosis and treatment increase the possibility of a better outcome. To identify new MS biomarkers, we tested the expression of six potential markers (P2X4, P2X7, CXCR4, RGS1, RGS16 and VAV1) using qPCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of MS patients treated with interferon β (IFNβ), with glatiramer acetate (GA) or untreated. We showed that P2X7 and VAV1 are significantly induced in MS patients. In contrast, the expression of P2X4, CXCR4, RGS1 and RGS16 was not significantly modified by MS in PBMC. P2X7 and VAV1 are essentially induced in female patients, suggesting these markers are connected to sex-specific mechanisms. Strikingly, VAV1 expression is higher in healthy women than healthy men and IFNβ treatment of MS reduced VAV1 expression in female MS patients while it up-regulated VAV1 in male MS patients. Our data point to the differential, sex-dependent value of MS markers and treatment effects. Although rgs16 expression in PBMC was not a valid MS marker in patients, the strong upregulation of P2X4 and P2X7 induced in the spinal cord of WT mice by EAE was abrogated in rgs16KO mice suggesting that rgs16 is required for P2X4 and P2X7 induction by neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Rump
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kristel Ratas
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- Synlab, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tuuli Katarina Lepasepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jaanus Suurväli
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Olli-Pekka Smolander
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Katrin Gross-Paju
- Department of Health Technologies, School of Information Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- West-Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Toomas Toomsoo
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
- Confido Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jean Kanellopoulos
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Sirje Rüütel Boudinot
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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Ispoglou T, Ferentinos P, Prokopidis K, Blake C, Aldrich L, Elia A, Lees M, Hind K. Exploring the impact of exercise and essential amino acid plus cholecalciferol supplementation on physical fitness and body composition in multiple sclerosis: A case study. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7548. [PMID: 37323260 PMCID: PMC10264925 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message In MS patients, especially those frail or malnourished, combining home-based exercise twice weekly with essential amino acids and vitamin D may improve body composition, strength, and physical performance, enabling long-term functional improvements. Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with reduced bone and muscle strength and function. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a 24-week intervention in a 57-year-old frail female with MS. The participant completed a 2×/week exercise intervention and ingested 2×/day a supplement containing 7.5 g essential amino acids and 500 IU cholecalciferol. Body composition, 6-m gait speed (GS), handgrip strength (HGS), 30-sec arm-curl test (30ACT), 6-min walking test (6MWT), 30-sec chair-stand test (30CST), and plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and amino acids were assessed at baseline, and at Weeks 12 and 24. Plasma 25(OH)D3 increased from 23.2 to 41.3 ng/mL and IGF-1 from 131.6 to 140.7 ng/mL from baseline to post-intervention. BMI, total lean tissue mass (LTM), fat mass, bone mineral content, and the sum of 17 amino acids increased by 3.8, 1.0, 3.5, 0.2, and 19%, respectively, at Week 24. There were clinically significant increases in regional LTM (6.9% arms and 6.3% legs) and large increases in GS (67.3%), dominant HGS (31.5%), non-dominant HGS (11.8%), dominant 30ACT (100%), non-dominant 30ACT (116.7%), 6MWT (125.6%), and 30CST (44.4%). The current intervention was effective in improving components of physical fitness and body composition in a female with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cameron Blake
- Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeedsUK
| | - Luke Aldrich
- Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeedsUK
| | - Antonis Elia
- Division of Environmental PhysiologyRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Matthew Lees
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Karen Hind
- Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Well‐beingDurhamUK
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Rodríguez-Sánchez B, Daugbjerg S, Peña-Longobardo LM, Oliva-Moreno J, Aranda-Reneo I, Cicchetti A, López-Bastida J. Does the inclusion of societal costs change the economic evaluations recommendations? A systematic review for multiple sclerosis disease. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2023; 24:247-277. [PMID: 35596098 PMCID: PMC9985586 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-022-01471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis imposes a heavy burden on the person who suffers from it and on the relatives, due to the caregiving load involved. The objective was to analyse whether the inclusion of social costs in economic evaluations of multiple sclerosis-related interventions changed results and/or conclusions. METHODS A systematic review was launched using Medline and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry of Tufts University (2000-2019). Included studies should: (1) be an original study published in a scientific journal, (2) be an economic evaluation of any multiple sclerosis-related intervention, (3) include productivity losses and/or informal care costs (social costs), (4) be written in English, (5) use quality-adjusted life years as outcome, and (6) separate the results according to the perspective applied. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles were selected, resulting in 67 economic evaluation estimations. Social costs were included in 47% of the studies. Productivity losses were assessed in 90% of the estimations (the human capital approach was the most frequently used method), whereas informal care costs were included in nearly two-thirds of the estimations (applying the opportunity and the replacement-cost methods equally). The inclusion of social costs modified the figures for incremental costs in 15 estimations, leading to a change in the conclusions in 10 estimations, 6 of them changing from not recommended from the healthcare perspective to implemented from the societal perspective. The inclusion of social costs also altered the results from cost-effective to dominant in five additional estimations. CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of social costs affected the results/conclusions in multiple sclerosis-related interventions, helping to identify the most appropriate interventions for reducing its economic burden from a broader perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Department of Applied Economics, Public Economics and Political Economy, University Complutense of Madrid, Pl. Menéndez Pelayo 4, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Daugbjerg
- Graduate School of Health Economics and Management (Alta Scuola Di Economia E Management Dei Sistemi Sanitari), Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L M Peña-Longobardo
- Economic Analysis and Finance Department, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - J Oliva-Moreno
- Economic Analysis and Finance Department, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - I Aranda-Reneo
- Economic Analysis and Finance Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Real Fábrica de Seda s/n, 45600, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain.
| | - A Cicchetti
- Graduate School of Health Economics and Management (Alta Scuola Di Economia E Management Dei Sistemi Sanitari), Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - J López-Bastida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 45600, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain
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Probiotic-Fermented Camel Milk Attenuates Neurodegenerative Symptoms via SOX5/miR-218 Axis Orchestration in Mouse Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030357. [PMID: 36986457 PMCID: PMC10059028 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune-mediated myelin damage disorder in the central nervous system that is widespread among neurological patients. It has been demonstrated that several genetic and epigenetic factors control autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS, through CD4+ T-cell population quantity. Alterations in the gut microbiota influence neuroprotectiveness via unexplored mechanisms. In this study, the ameliorative effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermented in camel milk (BEY) on an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative model using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein/complete fraud adjuvant/pertussis toxin (MCP)-immunized C57BL6j mice is investigated. Anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed in the in vitro cell model, and inflammatory cytokines interleukins IL17 (from EAE 311 to BEY 227 pg/mL), IL6 (from EAE 103 to BEY 65 pg/mL), IFNγ (from EAE 423 to BEY 243 pg/mL) and TGFβ (from EAE 74 to BEY 133 pg/mL) were significantly reduced in BEY-treated mice. The epigenetic factor miR-218-5P was identified and confirmed its mRNA target SOX-5 using in silico tools and expression techniques, suggesting SOX5/miR-218-5p could serve as an exclusive diagnostic marker for MS. Furthermore, BEY improved the short-chain fatty acids, in particular butyrate (from 0.57 to 0.85 µM) and caproic (from 0.64 to 1.33 µM) acids, in the MCP mouse group. BEY treatment significantly regulated the expression of inflammatory transcripts in EAE mice and upregulated neuroprotective markers such as neurexin (from 0.65- to 1.22-fold) (p < 0.05), vascular endothelial adhesion molecules (from 0.41- to 0.76-fold) and myelin-binding protein (from 0.46- to 0.89-fold) (p < 0.03). These findings suggest that BEY could be a promising clinical approach for the curative treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and could promote the use of probiotic food as medicine.
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Iva P, Martin R, Fielding J, Clough M, White O, Godic B, van der Walt A, Rajan R. Discriminating spatialised speech in complex environments in multiple sclerosis. Cortex 2023; 159:217-232. [PMID: 36640621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) frequently present with deficits in binaural processing used for sound localization. This study examined spatial release from speech-on-speech masking in pwMS, which involves binaural processing and additional higher level mechanisms underlying streaming, such as spatial attention. 26 pwMS with mild severity (Expanded Disability Status Scale score <3) and 20 age-matched controls listened via headphones to pre-recorded sentences from a standard list presented simultaneously with eight-talker babble. Virtual acoustic techniques were used to simulate sentences originating from 0°, 20°, or 50° on the interaural horizontal plane around the listener whilst babble was presented continuously at 0° azimuth, and participants verbally repeated the target sentence. In a separate task, two simultaneous sentences both containing a colour and number were presented, and participants were required to report the target colour and number. Both competing sentences could originate from 0°, 20°, or 50° on the azimuthal plane. Participants also completed a series of neuropsychological assessments, an auditory questionnaire, and a three-alternative forced-choice task that involved the detection of interaural time differences (ITDs) in noise bursts. Spatial release from masking was observed in both pwMS and controls, as response accuracy in the two speech discrimination tasks improved in the spatially separated conditions (20° and 50°) compared with the co-localised condition. However, pwMS demonstrated significantly less spatial release (18%) than controls (28%) when discriminating colour/number coordinates. At 50° separation, pwMS discriminated significantly fewer coordinates (77%) than controls (89%). In contrast, pwMS had similar performances to controls when sentences were presented in babble, and for the basic ITD discrimination task. Significant correlations between speech discrimination performance and standardized neuropsychological scores were observed across all spatial conditions. Our findings suggest that spatial hearing is likely to be implicated in pwMS, thereby affecting the perception of competing speech originating from various locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa Iva
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Russell Martin
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Fielding
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Meaghan Clough
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen White
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Branislava Godic
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anneke van der Walt
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ramesh Rajan
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Mariki A, Barzin Z, Fasihi Harandi M, Karbasi Ravari K, Davoodi M, Mousavi SM, Rezakhani S, Nazeri M, Shabani M. Antigen B modulates anti-inflammatory cytokines in the EAE model of multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2874. [PMID: 36582052 PMCID: PMC9927863 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the destruction of the blood-brain barrier, loss of myelin sheath, and contribution of inflammatory interleukins such as TNF-alpha, interleukin-17, and interleukin-6. METHODS The current study investigated the effect of antigen B of hydatid cyst fluid on the reduction of anti-inflammatory cytokines and nerve conduction velocity in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-induced MS. After isolation of antigen B from sterile cyst fluid, the rats were randomly divided into four groups: saline, EAE, EAE + teriflunomide (EAE + TF), and EAE + antigen B (EAE + AngB). The EAE model was induced using cow spinal cord homogenization, in combination with Freund's complete adjuvant. The serum concentration of cytokines including IL-1B and IL-17, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-X was measured by the ELISA method, and real-time PCR was performed to study gene expression. Electrophysiological, behavioral, and neuropathological tests were also conducted. RESULTS Nerve conduction velocity and IL-10 concentration were increased in the antigen B group. The results of this study showed that antigen B reduced the inflammatory component of the EAE MS animal model by modulating the immune system compared to teriflunomide, which eventually led to a reduction in symptoms at the behavioral and electrophysiological level. CONCLUSIONS It seems that antigen B plays a critical role in regulating immunity and it can be used as a possible therapeutic agent to modulate the immune system in MS patients. It might be rational to consider hydatid cyst fluid antigen as a modifier in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Mariki
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Zahra Barzin
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Science, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahboubeh Davoodi
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Soheila Rezakhani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Nazeri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße, Germany
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Kemp MC, Johannes C, van Rensburg SJ, Kidd M, Isaacs F, Kotze MJ, Engel-Hills P. Disability in multiple sclerosis is associated with vascular factors: An ultrasound study. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022; 54:247-256. [PMID: 36528497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-related disorder, pharmaceutical interventions targeting the immune system do not stop or reverse disability progression; the major challenge for this condition. Studies show that disability progression in MS is associated with vascular comorbidity and brain volume loss, indicating that a multi-targeted approach is required to prevent debilitation. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between vascular ultrasound, disability, biochemistry and lifestyle data in people with MS (pwMS). METHODS Extracranial vascular ultrasound was performed on 51 pwMS and 25 age-matched controls. Sonographic interrogation determined carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and abnormal blood flow patterns. Disability was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Biochemical and lifestyle data were obtained for all participants. RESULTS The EDSS had a highly significant positive association with the cIMT of the right (r = 0.63; p = 0.001) and left (r = 0.49; p = 0.001) common carotid arteries and negative associations with the peak systolic blood flow velocity of the right vertebral artery (r = -0.42; p = 0.01) as well as end-diastolic velocity of the left internal carotid artery (r = -0.47; p = 0.01). These associations were significantly influenced by biochemical and lifestyle factors. Both cIMT and age showed significant associations with the EDSS. When cIMT was adjusted for age in a regression analysis, the association between the EDSS and the cIMT remained significant (p < 0.01), while the age association was reduced to being significant only at 10% (p = 0.06). There was no association between the use of MS medication and the EDSS (p = 0.56). CONCLUSION PwMS who had increased cIMT, a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis, and reduced carotid artery blood flow velocities were at risk for greater disability over and above the effect of aging. These findings provide important information for disease management and disability prevention in pwMS. Modification of diet and lifestyle may promote the unhindered flow of essential nutritional factors into the brain in pwMS.
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Blagov AV, Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN, Sazonova MA, Melnichenko AA. Significance of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12725. [PMID: 36361513 PMCID: PMC9653869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of multiple sclerosis and the complexity of its etiology and pathogenesis require further study of the factors underlying the progression of this disease. The prominent role of mitochondria in neurons makes this organelle a vulnerable target for CNS diseases. The purpose of this review is to consider the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, as well as to propose new promising therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring mitochondrial function in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Blagov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita A. Sazonova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Melnichenko
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Kuzu Kumcu M, Tezcan Aydemir S, Ölmez B, Durmaz Çelik N, Yücesan C. Masked face recognition in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1549-1556. [PMID: 34988718 PMCID: PMC8731218 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Face
and facial expression recognition abilities have been frequently evaluated in the assessment of social cognition disorders in patients with MS. Investigation of the effect of new difficulties emerging in the field of face recognition with the widespread use of masks during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on patients with MS may make new contributions to the literature. Material and methods The study included 44 patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMSp) and 51 controls who were matched to the case group in terms of age and education level. The Benton face recognition test-short form (BFRT-sf), Beck Depression Inventory, a close-ended 13-item survey on face recognition difficulties due to mask use during the pandemic was administered to all groups. Results In the RRMSp, the mean disease duration was 8.2 ± 5.6, the mean EDSS score was 1.2 ± 1.0, and the mean MOCA test score was 27.23 ± 2.08. The mean BFRTsf was 19.9 ± 2.4 in the RRMSp and 21.6 ± 1.8 in the healthy controls.Twenty-five percent of RRMSp and 4% of the healthy controls required people to remove their masks to be able to recognize their faces. Improvement in face recognition difficulty over time was reported as 80% in the healthy controls and 34% in the RRMSp. Conclusion RRMSp had worse performance in masked face recognition and required removal of the facial masks more often than healthy controls to recognize the faces. RRMS patients did not show as much improvement in recognizing masked faces over time according to the onset of the pandemic as healthy controls.
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12
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Mashayekhi F, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Naseri A, Asadi M, Abbasi Garravnd N, Talebi M. ApoE4-positive multiple sclerosis patients are more likely to have cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1189-1196. [PMID: 34120271 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) presents with a wide variety of symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction. Previous studies in terms of the possible function of the ApoE4 allele as a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in MS patients were associated with conflicting results. The role of the ε4 isoform of apolipoprotein (ApoE4) was investigated in this study as a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in MS patients. METHODS Mildly disabled relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients were involved in this study. The neurocognitive assessment is conducted by the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) battery. After determining the genotype, patients were divided into two groups of ApoE4-positive and ApoE4-negative groups, and cognitive findings were compared. RESULTS Seventy-one patients with a mean age of 31.43 ± 8.75 were involved in this study. Eleven out of 17 (64.70%) patients in the ApoE4-positive group had at least one impaired test, while this rate was 16 out of 54 (29.62%) in the ApoE4-negative group (p < 0.01). The rate of overall cognitive impairment (failure in ≥ 2 tests) was not statistically different between groups of the study (p = 0.75). Impairment in Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) task and also the mean score of Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) tests were different between two groups (p = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION MS ApoE4-positive patients are more likely to have at least one impaired cognitive test, but there is a need for more studies with larger sample sizes and based on MS-specific cognitive tests to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Mashayekhi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Asadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahnaz Talebi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Allanach JR, Farrell JW, Mésidor M, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Current status of neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Mult Scler 2022; 28:29-48. [PMID: 33870797 PMCID: PMC8688986 DOI: 10.1177/13524585211008760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-mediated demyelination and consequent degeneration of oligodendrocytes and axons are hallmark features of multiple sclerosis (MS). Remyelination declines in progressive MS, causing permanent axonal loss and irreversible disabilities. Strategies aimed at enhancing remyelination are critical to attenuate disease progression. OBJECTIVE We systematically reviewed recent advances in neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for MS, covering preclinical and clinical studies. METHODS We searched three biomedical databases using defined keywords. Two authors independently reviewed articles for inclusion based on pre-specified criteria. The data were extracted from each study and assessed for risk of bias. RESULTS Our search identified 7351 studies from 2014 to 2020, of which 221 met the defined criteria. These studies reported 262 interventions, wherein 92% were evaluated in animal models. These interventions comprised protein, RNA, lipid and cellular biologics, small molecules, inorganic compounds, and dietary and physiological interventions. Small molecules were the most highly represented strategy, followed by antibody therapies and stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSION While significant strides have been made to develop regenerative treatments for MS, the current evidence illustrates a skewed representation of the types of strategies that advance to clinical trials. Further examination is thus required to address current barriers to implementing experimental treatments in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Allanach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John W. Farrell
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Miceline Mésidor
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada/Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada/Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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14
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Kanhai KMS, Goulooze SC, van der Grond J, Harms AC, Hankemeier T, Verma A, Dent G, Chavez J, Meijering H, Groeneveld GJ. Kinetics of myelin breakdown products: A labeling study in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 15:638-648. [PMID: 34799987 PMCID: PMC8932820 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of disease modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce inflammation, but do no’t target remyelination. Development of remyelinating therapies will benefit from a method to quantify myelin kinetics in patients with MS. We labeled myelin in vivo with deuterium, and modeled kinetics of myelin breakdown products β‐galactosylceramide (β‐GalC) and N‐Octadecanoyl‐sulfatide (NO‐Sulf). Five patients with MS received 120 ml 70% D2O daily for 70 days and were compared with six healthy subjects who previously received the same procedure. Mass spectrometry and compartmental modeling were used to quantify the turnover rate of β‐GalC and NO‐Sulf in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Turnover rate constants of the fractions of β‐GalC and NO‐Sulf with non‐negligible turnover were 0.00186 and 0.00714, respectively, in both healthy subjects and patients with MS. The turnover half‐life of β‐GalC and NO‐Sulf was calculated as 373 days and 96.5 days, respectively. The effect of MS on the NO‐Sulf (49.4% lower fraction with non‐negligible turnover) was more pronounced compared to the effect on β‐GalC turnover (18.3% lower fraction with non‐negligible turnover). Kinetics of myelin breakdown products in the CSF are different in patients with MS compared with healthy subjects. This may be caused by slower myelin production in these patients, by a higher level of degradation of a more stable component of myelin, or, most likely, by a combination of these two processes. Labeling myelin breakdown products is a useful method that can be used to quantify myelin turnover in patients with progressive MS and can therefore be used in proof‐of‐concept studies with remyelination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawita M S Kanhai
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Prothya Biosolutions, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan C Goulooze
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amy C Harms
- Prothya Biosolutions, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ajay Verma
- Yumanity Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Bakhtiari M, Ghasemi N, Salehi H, Amirpour N, Kazemi M, Mardani M. Evaluation of Edaravone effects on the differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells into oligodendrocyte cells in multiple sclerosis disease in rats. Life Sci 2021; 282:119812. [PMID: 34265362 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Among all the treatments for Multiple Sclerosis, stem cell transplantation, such as ADSCs, has attracted a great deal of scientific attention. On the other hand, Edaravone, as an antioxidant component, in combination with stem cells, could increase the survival and differentiation potential of stem cells. MAIN METHODS 42 rats were divided into: Control, Cuprizone (CPZ), Sham, Edaravone (Ed), hADSCs, and Ed/hADSCs groups. Following induction of cuprizone, induced MS model, behavioral tests were designed to evaluate motor function during. Luxal fast blue staining was done to measure the level of demyelination and remyelination. Immunofluorescent staining was used to evaluate the amount of MBP, OLIG2, and MOG proteins. The mRNA levels of human MBP, MOG, and OLIG2 and rat Mbp, Mog, and Olig2 were determined via RT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Flow cytometry analysis exhibited that the extracted cells were positive for CD73 (93.8 ± 3%) and CD105 (91.6 ± 3%), yet negative for CD45 (2.06 ± 0.5%). Behavioral tests, unveiled a significant improvement in the Ed (P < 0.001), hADSCs (P < 0.001), and Ed/hADSCs (P < 0.001) groups compared to the others. In the Ed/hADSCs group, the myelin density was significantly higher than that in the Ed treated and hADSCs treated groups (P < 0.01). Edaravone and hADSCs increased the expression of Mbp, Mog, and Olig2 genes in the cuprizone rat models. Moreover, significant differences were seen between the Ed treated and hADSCs treated groups and the Ed/hADSCs group (P < 0.05 for Mbp and Olig2 and P < 0.01 for Mog). SIGNIFICANCE Edaravone in combination with hADSCs reduced demyelination and increased oligodendrogenesis in the cuprizone rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bakhtiari
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nazem Ghasemi
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Noushin Amirpour
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mardani
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran.
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16
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Immunoregulatory Effects of Tolerogenic Probiotics in Multiple Sclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1286:87-105. [PMID: 33725347 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has essential roles in the prevention and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). The association between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS) or immune system response of MS patients has been documented in many studies. The composition of the gut microbiota could lead to sensitization or resistance against promotion and development of MS disease. Probiotics are the major part of gut microflorapopulation and could be substituted with tolerogenic probiotics that protect the CNS against autoimmune responses. Tolerogenic probiotics with anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties have effects on intestinal flora and can reestablish regulatory mucosal and systemic immune responses. Probiotics are able to prevent and restore excessive activation of inflammatory responses, especially autoreactive T cells and inflammatory cytokines. Tolerogenic probiotics, through induction of regulatory T cells and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines, play a crucial role in controlling inflammation and maintaining tolerance and hemostasis. Therefore, probiotics can be considered as a preventive or therapeutic tool in MS. In the present review, we focus on the immunoregulatory effects of tolerogenic probiotics on the severity of disease, as well as Th1, Th2, and Treg populations in different experimental and human studies of MS.
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17
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Moosazadeh M, Nabinezhad-Male F, Afshari M, Nasehi MM, Shabani M, Kheradmand M, Aghaei I. Vitamin D status and disability among patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIMS Neurosci 2021; 8:239-253. [PMID: 33709027 PMCID: PMC7940116 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2021013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Association between the serum vitamin D level and disability of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been investigated during several researches. However, these studies reported different results. The current study aims to estimate the correlation between the concentrations of 25 (OH) vitamin D and the level of disability among MS patients. Using Mesh and non-Mesh terms related to MS, disability level and vitamin D, different data banks were searched. Required information was extracted from the selected eligible primary articles. Stata version 11 software was applied for combining the primary correlation coefficients using random effect model. The effect of MS type and patients' age was assessed using meta-regression models. Sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the role of each primary study in the pooled estimate. Egger test was applied to find any publication bias. Of 14 eligible studies, the total correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval) between 25 (OH) vitamin D level and disability in both sexes as well as among female was estimated as of -0.29 (-0.40, -0.17) and -0.35 (-0.46, -0.24) respectively. Two articles carried out among male did not report significant results. Our meta-analysis showed a significant negative correlation between 25 (OH) vitamin D level and disability of MS patients so that the disability reduces with increasing the 25 (OH) vitamin D level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Nasehi
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Motahareh Kheradmand
- Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Iraj Aghaei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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18
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Effect of Etazolate upon Cuprizone-induced Demyelination In Vivo: Behavioral and Myelin Gene Analysis. Neuroscience 2020; 455:240-250. [PMID: 33246058 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Demyelination is a well-known pathological process in CNS disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). It provokes progressive axonal degeneration and functional impairments and no efficient therapy is presently available to combat such insults. Recently, we have shown that etazolate, a pyrazolopyridine compound and an α-secretase activator, was able to promote myelin protection and remyelination after cuprizone (CPZ)-induced acute demyelination in C57Bl/6 mice. In continuation of this work, here we have further investigated the effects of etazolate treatment after acute cuprizone-induced demyelination at the molecular level (expression of myelin genes Plp, Mbp and Mag and inflammatory markers Il-1β, Tnf-α) and at the functional level (locomotor and spatial memory skills) in vivo. To this end, we have employed two protocols which consists of administering etazolate (10 mg/kg/d) for a period of 2 weeks either during (Protocol #1) or after (Protocol #2) 5-weeks of CPZ-induced demyelination. At the molecular level, we observed that CPZ intoxication altered inflammatory and myelin gene expression and it was not restored with either of the etazolate treatment protocols. At the functional level, the locomotor activity was impaired after 3-weeks of CPZ intoxication (Protocol #1) and our data indicates a modest but beneficial effect of etazolate treatment. Spatial memory evaluated was not affected either by CPZ intake or etazolate treatment in both protocols. Altogether, this study shows that the beneficial effect of etazolate upon demyelination does not occur at the gene expression level at the time points studied. Furthermore, our results also highlight the difficulty in revealing functional sequelae following CPZ intoxication.
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19
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Khajenobar NB, Mahboob S, Nourazarian A, Shademan B, Laghousi D, Moayed ZB, Hassanpour M, Nikanfar M. Comparison between cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels of myelin-associated glycoprotein, total antioxidant capacity, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 200:106377. [PMID: 33246251 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by demyelinated lesions in the brain, the spinal cord, and the optic nerve. It is one of the most common neurological disorders. In this study, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were investigated to determine their effects on MS. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this study, 25 serum and cerebrospinal samples from MS patients as a case group and 40 serum and CSF samples from healthy participants as a control group were collected and analyzed. Concentrations of TAC, MAG, and 8-OhdG were determined in the samples using a dedicated kit and relayed using the ELISA device. RESULTS The mean serum antibody levels of MAG and TAC were higher in the case group than the control group, although the difference in the MAG level was not significant (P > 0.05). However, the mean serum level of -8 OHdG was lower in the case group than the control group. Moreover, the mean levels of the evaluated biomarkers in the CSF samples were higher in the case group than in the control group. Still, the difference was only significant in terms of TAC levels (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.71 and 0.69 for 8-OhdG and TAC serum levels, respectively, and 0.73 for both TAC and CSF levels, which was not significantly different from that in other biomarkers. CONCLUSION Elevated TAC levels in serum and CSF samples and 8-OhdG in serum samples may be associated with MS pathogenesis. However, further investigation is needed to consider these cases as a follow-up to the therapeutic goals or treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soltanali Mahboob
- Department of Biology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-e-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Delara Laghousi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Nikanfar
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Depression mediates the relationship between fatigue and mental health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 47:102620. [PMID: 33242724 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is among the most prevalent symptoms for people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and is significantly detrimental to mental health-related (mental) quality of life (QoL). We examined the role of depression and physical activity as mediators in the fatigue-QoL relationship in pwMS. METHODS Using baseline cross-sectional data from an international cohort of 2,104 pwMS, characteristics of fatigue and mental QoL, measured by Fatigue Severity Scale and MSQOL-54 respectively, were assessed using linear and log-binomial regression. Structural Equation Models (SEM) were used to explore the mediating roles of depression and physical activity between fatigue and mental QoL. RESULTS The median mental QoL score was 71.9/100. The mean fatigue score was 41.5/63, with 65.6% participants having clinically significant fatigue. In the SEM evaluating depression as a mediator of the fatigue-QoL relationship, mental QoL was 14.72 points lower (95% CI: -16.43 -13.01, p<0.001) in participants with clinically significant fatigue, of which depression accounted for 53.0% (-7.80, 95% CI: -9.03 -6.57, p<0.001). In the SEM evaluating physical activity as a mediator of the fatigue-QoL relationship, mental QoL was 10.89 points lower (95% CI: -12.47, -9.32, p<0.001) in participants with clinically significant fatigue, of which the indirect effect via physical activity accounted for only 4.4% (-0.48, 95% CI: -0.81, -0.14, p=0.005). CONCLUSION Depression accounted for the majority of the fatigue-mental QoL relationship when modelled as a mediator, while physical activity had only a minor role. Our findings may inform the development of treatments for reducing the impacts of fatigue and improving mental QoL in pwMS.
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21
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Miedema A, Wijering MHC, Eggen BJL, Kooistra SM. High-Resolution Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Heterogeneity of Brain-Derived Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:583811. [PMID: 33192299 PMCID: PMC7654237 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.583811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are important for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and first to respond to tissue damage and perturbations. Microglia are heterogeneous cells; in case of pathology, microglia adopt a range of phenotypes with altered functions. However, how these different microglia subtypes are implicated in CNS disease is largely unresolved. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterized by inflammation and axonal degeneration, ultimately leading to neurological decline. One way microglia are implicated in MS is through stimulation of remyelination. They facilitate efficient remyelination by phagocytosis of myelin debris. In addition, microglia recruit oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to demyelinated areas and stimulate remyelination. The development of high-resolution technologies to profile individual cells has greatly contributed to our understanding of microglia heterogeneity and function under normal and pathological conditions. Gene expression profiling technologies have evolved from whole tissue RNA sequencing toward single-cell or nucleus sequencing. Single microglia proteomic profiles are also increasingly generated, offering another layer of high-resolution data. Here, we will review recent studies that have employed these technologies in the context of MS and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, recent developments that allow for (single) cell profiling while retaining spatial information and tissue context will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Miedema
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marion H C Wijering
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Susanne M Kooistra
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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22
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Abaszadeh Fathabadi Z, Ehrampoush MH, Mirzaei M, Mokhtari M, Nadi Sakhvidi M, Rahimdel A, Dehghani Tafti A, Fallah Yakhdani M, Atefi A, Eslami H, Ebrahimi AA. The relationship of indoor radon gas concentration with multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16350-16361. [PMID: 32124296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This case-control study aimed to investigate the relationship of indoor radon gas concentration and residential building characteristics with mental health with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Yazd City, Iran. The participants included 45 patients with MS and 100 healthy individuals. The participants' socio-economic status and residential building characteristics were investigated using a questionnaire. The radon gas concentration was also measured by CR-39 detectors over a 6-month period. Furthermore, the participants' mental health data were collected using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The mean concentrations of radon gas were 66.77 and 65.33 Bq/m3 in the homes of patients with MS and healthy individuals, respectively, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.882). However, the radon gas concentration had a significant relationship with the building's age (p = 0.038), ventilation (p = 0.053), and cooling system (p = 0.021). A significant difference was observed between the two study groups in terms of the mental health (p = 0.018), depression (p = 0.037), somatic symptoms (p ≤ 0.001), and physical activity (p = 0.030). Since the indoor radon gas concentration did not have any significant relationship with MS prevalence, more studies are required in this regard, especially in long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Abaszadeh Fathabadi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hassan Ehrampoush
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masuod Mirzaei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mokhtari
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohamad Nadi Sakhvidi
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Rahimdel
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Arefeh Dehghani Tafti
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Monire Fallah Yakhdani
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Atefe Atefi
- Yazd Multiple Sclerosis Society, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hadi Eslami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ebrahimi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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23
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Lee G, Hasan M, Kwon OS, Jung BH. Identification of Altered Metabolic Pathways during Disease Progression in EAE Mice via Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Neuroscience 2019; 416:74-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Voo VTF, O'Brien T, Butzkueven H, Monif M. The role of vitamin D and P2X7R in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 330:159-169. [PMID: 30908981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by neuroinflammatory infiltrates and central nervous system demyelination. In the neuroinflammatory foci of MS there is increased expression of a purinergic receptor, P2X7R. Although implicated in the neuroinflammation, the exact role of P2X7R in the context of MS is unclear and forms the basis of this review. In this review, we also introduce the immunopathologies and inflammatory processes in MS, with a focus on P2X7R and the possible immunomodulatory role of vitamin D deficiency in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tsin Fong Voo
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terence O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia.
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25
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Comparison of Reported Spinal Cord Lesions in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis with Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Induced Demyelinating Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040989. [PMID: 30823515 PMCID: PMC6413032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord (SC) lesions in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) resemble important features of brain lesions in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) including inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. The aim of the present study was a comparison of SC lesions in MS and TMEV-IDD focusing on spatial and temporal distribution of demyelination, inflammation, SC atrophy (SCA), and axonal degeneration/loss in major descending motor pathways. METHODS TMEV and mock-infected mice were investigated clinically once a week. SC tissue was collected at 42, 98, 147, and 196 days post infection, and investigated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry targeting myelin basic protein (demyelination), Mac3 (microglia/macrophages), phosphorylated neurofilaments (axonal damage) and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Demyelination prevailed in SC white matter in TMEV-IDD, contrasting a predominant gray matter involvement in MS. TMEV-infected mice revealed a significant loss of axons similar to MS. Ultrastructural analysis in TMEV-IDD revealed denuded axons, degenerative myelin changes, axonal degeneration, as well as remyelination. SCA is a consistent finding in the SC of MS patients and was also detected at a late time point in TMEV-IDD. CONCLUSION This comparative study further indicates the suitability of TMEV-IDD as animal model also for the investigation of progressive SC lesions in MS.
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26
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Valencia-Vera E, Martinez-Escribano Garcia-Ripoll A, Enguix A, Abalos-Garcia C, Segovia-Cuevas MJ. Application of κ free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis diagnosis: development of a diagnosis algorithm. Clin Chem Lab Med 2018; 56:609-613. [PMID: 29087953 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The determination of κ free light chains (KFLC) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by nephelometry is a feasible alternative to immunoglobulin G oligoclonal bands (OCB) in the evaluation of intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulin in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of KFLC and its inclusion in a procedure algorithm along with OCB interpretation. METHODS A cross-sectional study, which included 123 patients with a CSF OCB request, was carried out. Isoelectric focusing followed by immunofixation was used to detect OCB, and nephelometry was used to analyze KFLC. The KFLC index was calculated using CSF/serum quotient of KFLC and albumin. The KFLC index was compared with MS diagnosis to find the optimal cutoff. It was obtained from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Youden method. RESULTS The CSF KFLC median was 1.66 mg/L in the MS group, whereas in other central nervous system diseases, KFLC showed generally no or only moderate increase in CSF (median 0.10 mg/L). KFLC index showed a significant difference between groups. ROC analysis for CSF KFLC concentration, and KFLC indexes were 91.88% and 93.94%, respectively. The best cutoff for the KFLC index was 2.91 for MS diagnosis (sensitivity: 83.78%; specificity: 85.88%). The proposed algorithm showed high sensitivity (89.19%) and specificity (84.71%). CONCLUSIONS KFLC determination is rapid and automatized, but it has no higher sensitivity and specificity than OCB in MS diagnosis. Nevertheless, when used in screening, it could reduce the number of manual OCB tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Valencia-Vera
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Laboratorio Clinico, Distrito Universitario Teatinos, Campus Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29010, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Enguix
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Laboratorio Clinico, Distrito Universitario Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Abalos-Garcia
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Laboratorio Clinico, Distrito Universitario Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Segovia-Cuevas
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Laboratorio Clinico, Distrito Universitario Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
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Paryzhak S, Dumych T, Mahorivska I, Boichuk M, Bila G, Peshkova S, Nehrych T, Bilyy R. Neutrophil-released enzymes can influence composition of circulating immune complexes in multiple sclerosis. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:297-303. [PMID: 30369266 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1514390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
During NET formation, the content of neutrophils granules is released into the intercellular milieu. Consisting of many proteases and ROS species, formed NETs were shown to degrade cytokines (Schauer, Nat Med, 2014); while the content of neutrophil's azurophilic granules proved to contain glycosidases, secreted upon activation (Thaysen-Andersen, JBC, 2015), and formation of autoantibodies to neutrophil beta-glucoronidase was connected with the level of anti-MPO antibodies (Ab) (Martensson, Autoimmunity, 1992). Taking into account these facts, we aimed to investigate the possibility of NET-related changes in glycan composition on circulating IgG molecules and IgG-IgM immune complexes in multiple sclerosis (MS). This autoimmune disorder still has no reliable detection markers or established ways of treatment, besides widely accepted interferon therapy, making it a particularly interesting clinical condition. By applying capture lectin-ELISA, we analysed binding of α2,6 sialyl-specific lectins SNA, PSqL, and core α1,6-fucose specific lectin AAL to circulating IgG and related complexes in five groups of MS patients: untreated (17 persons); undergoing therapy with interferon (IFN) β-1 b (15 persons), corticosteroids (methylprednisolone) (12 persons) and anti-B-cell monoclonal Ab (12 persons: Ocrelizumab, 6 persons and alemtuzumab, 6 persons). A group of 23 healthy donors served as control. Significant increase in neutrophil elastase activity, observed in the group of patients under corticosteroid treatment was also accompanied by sialyl-specific PSqL and SNA lectin binding to captured IgG molecules. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that sialic acid residues were exposed on free IgG and on circulating IgG-IgM immune complexes. Increased lectin binding was not observed for anti-myelin basic protein (one of the major autoAb in MS) Ab compared to total serum Ab. IFN therapy was accompanied by low neutrophil elastase activity and low amount of circulating immune complexes. Incubation of in vitro generated NETs with human serum revealed the digestion of high-molecular weight immune complexes with subsequent exposure of hidden glycoepitops. Obtained data indicate the potential of neutrophil-derived proteases to modify (partially degrade) circulating immune complexes leading to exposure of internal glycoepitops.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paryzhak
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - T Dumych
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - I Mahorivska
- b Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology , Friedrich-Alexander University at Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany
| | - M Boichuk
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - G Bila
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - S Peshkova
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - T Nehrych
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
| | - R Bilyy
- a Dept. of Histology and Cytology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Pekarska str. 69,79010, Lviv , Ukraine
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Dolati S, Aghebati-Maleki L, Ahmadi M, Marofi F, Babaloo Z, Ayramloo H, Jafarisavari Z, Oskouei H, Afkham A, Younesi V, Nouri M, Yousefi M. Nanocurcumin restores aberrant miRNA expression profile in multiple sclerosis, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5222-5230. [PMID: 29194612 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we aimed to identify nanocurcumin effects on microRNAs (miRNAs) in the peripheral blood of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). We intended to investigate the expression pattern of these miRNAs in experimental settings in vivo. The expression levels of the selected 27 miRNAs known to be involved in the regulation of immune responses were analyzed in 50 RRMS patients and 35 healthy controls. The miRNA expression profiles were investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) at baseline and after 6 months of nanocurcumin therapy. Our data revealed that the expression of a number of microRNAs including miR-16, miR-17-92, miR-27, miR-29b, miR-126, miR-128, miR-132, miR-155, miR-326, miR-550, miR-15a, miR-19b, miR-106b, miR-320a, miR-363, miR-31, miR-150, and miR-340 is regulated by nanocurcumin. The results of the current work indicate that nanocurcumin is able to restore the expression pattern of dysregulated miRNAs in MS patients. We discovered that some miRNAs are deregulated in untreated patients compared with healthy controls and nanocurcumin-treated patients. This is a new finding that might represent the potential contribution of these miRNAs to MS pathogenesis. Taken together, these data provide novel insights into miRNA-dependent regulation of the function of B and T cells in MS disease and enrich our understanding of the effects mediated by a therapeutic approach that targets B and T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Dolati
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hormoz Ayramloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Neurology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafarisavari
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Oskouei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Afkham
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Multiple Sclerosis: Immunopathology and Treatment Update. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7070078. [PMID: 28686222 PMCID: PMC5532591 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7070078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed over the last 20 years. All immunotherapeutic drugs target relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and it still remains a medical challenge in MS to develop a treatment for progressive forms. The most common injectable disease-modifying therapies in RRMS include β-interferons 1a or 1b and glatiramer acetate. However, one of the major challenges of injectable disease-modifying therapies has been poor treatment adherence with approximately 50% of patients discontinuing the therapy within the first year. Herein, we go back to the basics to understand the immunopathophysiology of MS to gain insights in the development of new improved drug treatments. We present current disease-modifying therapies (interferons, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, fingolimod, mitoxantrone), humanized monoclonal antibodies (natalizumab, ofatumumb, ocrelizumab, alentuzumab, daclizumab) and emerging immune modulating approaches (stem cells, DNA vaccines, nanoparticles, altered peptide ligands) for the treatment of MS.
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30
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Serological, culture and molecular survey of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in a goat flock in Tuscany. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 62:471-477. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Dolati S, Babaloo Z, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Ayromlou H, Sadreddini S, Yousefi M. Multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic applications of advancing drug delivery systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:343-353. [PMID: 28011382 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, which is accompanying with demyelination, neurodegeneration and sensibility to oxidative stress. In MS, auto-reactive lymphocytes cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reside in the perivenous demyelinating lesions which create various distinct inflammatory demyelinated plaques situated predominantly in the white matter. The current MS-related therapeutic approaches can be classified into disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and symptomatic therapy. DMTs suppress circulating immune cells, inhibit passing the BBB and decrease the inflammatory responses. Recent advances have remarkably delayed disease development and improved the quality of life for numerous patients. In spite of major improvements in therapeutic options, there are some limitations regarding the routes of administration and the necessity for repeated and long-term dosing in which cause to systemic disadvantageous consequences and patient non-compliance. Nanotechnology presents promising approaches to improve autoimmune disease treatment with the capability to overcome many of the limitations common to the current immunosuppressive and biological therapies. Here we emphasis on nanomedicine-based drug delivery approaches of biological immunomodulatory mediators for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. This comprehensive review details the most successful drugs in MS therapy and also focuses on conceptions and clinical potential of novel nanomedicine attitudes for inducing immunosuppression and immunological tolerance in MS to modulate abnormal and pathologic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Dolati
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hormoz Ayromlou
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadreddini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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