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Kuribara T, Unoki T, Yamakita S, Hashimoto N, Yoshino Y, Sakuramoto H, Aikawa G, Okamoto S. Nation-wide survey of oral care practice in Japanese intensive care units: A descriptive study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301258. [PMID: 38551939 PMCID: PMC10980190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral care for critically ill patients helps provide comfort and prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, a standardized protocol for oral care in intensive care units is currently unavailable. Thus, this study aimed to determine the overall oral care practices, including those for intubated patients, in Japanese intensive care units. We also discuss the differences in oral care methods between Japanese ICUs and ICUs in other countries. This study included all Japanese intensive care units meeting the authorities' standard set criteria, with a minimum of 0.5 nurses per patient at all times and admission of adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation. An online survey was used to collect data. Survey responses were obtained from one representative nurse per intensive care unit. Frequency analysis was performed, and the percentage of each response was calculated. A total of 609 hospitals and 717 intensive care units nationwide participated; among these, responses were collected from 247 intensive care units (34.4%). Of these, 215 (87.0%) and 32 (13.0%) reported standardized and non-standardized oral care, respectively. Subsequently, the data from 215 intensive care units that provided standardized oral care were analyzed in detail. The most common frequency of practicing oral care was three times a day (68.8%). Moreover, many intensive care units provided care at unequal intervals (79.5%), mainly in the morning, daytime, and evening. Regarding oral care methods, 96 (44.7%) respondents used only a toothbrush, while 116 (54.0%) used both a toothbrush and a non-brushing method. The findings of our study reveal current oral care practices in ICUs in Japan. In particular, most ICUs provide oral care three times a day at unequal intervals, and almost all use toothbrushes as a common tool for oral care. The results suggest that some oral care practices in Japanese ICUs differ from those in ICUs in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kuribara
- Department of Acute and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Sapporo City University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takeshi Unoki
- Department of Acute and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Sapporo City University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Sachika Yamakita
- Department of Acute and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Sapporo City University, Master Program, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoya Hashimoto
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Yoshino
- Faculty of Nursing Department of Nursing Adult Nursing, Komazawa Women’s University, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakuramoto
- Department of Critical Care and Disaster Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing, Munakata, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gen Aikawa
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, Omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saiko Okamoto
- Department of Nursing, Hitachi General Hospital, Jonancho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
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Iyer K, AlKhalifah K, Alshahrani BN, Ibrahim Alghamdi SS, Albishi S, A Alsheraihi AA, Al Sudairy N. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Among Nurses on Oral Care for Intensive Care Unit Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50682. [PMID: 38229773 PMCID: PMC10791100 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral care of intensive care unit (ICU) bound individuals is essential for overall health outcomes and to prevent complications. Nurses, who are the primary caregivers, should possess adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in this regard to provide optimal care to these patients. There are no standardized guidelines existing at present in this regard, making the practice of oral care more challenging. There is a diversified representation of nurses who practice in this region of the world and have not been analyzed in the past. This study would like to address this paucity of data. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses regarding oral health care in ICU patients along with analyzing any existing hospital-based policies related to oral care. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 nurses practicing at ICU of the National Guard Health Affairs (NGHAs) Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Nurses responded to 22 closed-ended questionnaires, which were adopted after content validation and reliability assessment. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and multinomial logistic regression were carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 20, 2011; IBM Corp., Armonk, USA). RESULTS A total of 230 (51.1%) nurses responded. The mean working experience of 12.6 (±7.5) years and ICU experience of 10.6 (±6.7) years were observed. Seventy-four (32.2%) nurses mentioned they received oral care training for ICU patients as part of their degree. A significant variation (p=0.03) in response was observed based on qualification concerning the knowledge of nurses if improper oral care among ICU patients could cause systemic complications. Nurses with less than five years' experience were more likely to provide oral care only once per day compared to nurses with higher experience (>10 years) (OR: 2.97, p=0.00, 95% CI: 2.40-12.2). CONCLUSION There were certain knowledge, attitude, and practice-based questions that elicited significant differences in responses based on the qualifications and experience of the nurses. Overall, the nurses did possess fair knowledge and favorable attitudes towards oral care in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Iyer
- Dental Public Health, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Khalifah AlKhalifah
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Bader Nashir Alshahrani
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Sultan Albishi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Nawaf Al Sudairy
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
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Tsui PK, Chau PH, Wong JYH, Wang MP, Gao X, Lam OLT, Leung KCM, Lo ECM, Tiwari A. Oral care knowledge, attitude and practice among nursing staff in acute hospital settings in Hong Kong. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289953. [PMID: 37582111 PMCID: PMC10427009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the oral care delivered by nursing staff in acute hospital setting is having a remarkable shortage within the current literature. This was provoked due to lack of previous performed investigation in the acute hospital setting besides inconsistent existence of a standardized and comprehensive oral care knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) instrumentation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the oral care KAP level for inpatients among nursing staff; to identify possible barriers to the provision of oral care; and to identify training preferences to improve the oral care of inpatients, in acute hospital settings in Hong Kong; and to provide standardized comprehensive KAP based assessment tool that would benefit and guide other future studies. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted after a 55-item self-administered structured questionnaire was developed. A modified KAP tool was developed. The tool includes 4 domains: oral care knowledge, attitude, practice, and experience. Nursing staff was recruited from July 2018 to April 2019 via convenience sampling. Either online or printed questionnaires were completed. Proportions of nursing staff with good KAP, as defined by having 60% of the total score in the respective domain, were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Analysis of covariance was used to compare the mean scores of KAP among different independent variables and identify the factors associated with good KAP. 404 nursing staff were recruited. Approximately 29.5%, 33.7% and 14.9% of the respondents had good oral care knowledge, attitude and practice, respectively, and 53.2% of the respondents had unpleasant oral care experience. Better oral care practice was associated with higher levels of oral care knowledge (β = 0.1) and oral care attitude (β = 0.3). To conclude: nursing staff in acute hospital settings reported low levels of oral care KAP with variations between the RN, EN and HCA. This study adds to the literature the association between oral care unpleasant experiences and the oral care practice, as well as oral care knowledge and attitude which also in turns associated with practice. The developed standardised tool could be applied for future studies. Recommendations on the future research, training and practices were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Ki Tsui
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Childcare, Elderly and Community Services, Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Sha Tin), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Hing Chau
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Otto Lok Tao Lam
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Katherine Chiu Man Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edward Chin Man Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Agnes Tiwari
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital Limited, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
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A survey of pediatric oncology nurses' oral health knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers in a Singapore Tertiary Children's Hospital. BDJ Open 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36750718 PMCID: PMC9902813 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-023-00130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore oral health-related knowledge, abilities, attitudes, practices, and barriers of pediatric oncology nurses at an Asian children's hospital. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted via a self-administered anonymized questionnaire. Data was analyzed to summarize knowledge, confidence, and practice behaviors. RESULTS All sixty-three pediatric oncology nurses responded. Fifteen participants had >80% of the knowledge questions correct. Majority (97.3%) agreed on their roles in helping patients maintain their oral health. However, 75.8% of participants felt need for training in giving oral health advice. Notably, 74.6% checked patients' mouths at least once daily but only 57.1% felt adequately trained. Though a high proportion (>90%) of nurses felt confident to assist with oral care, only 65% would assist patients to do so; "Uncooperative patient" was the major barrier reported. DISCUSSION Nurses have high general awareness of importance of oral health, but had incomplete knowledge. Compared to previous studies, most (90.5%) did not find performing oral care unpleasant but other barriers might have hindered actual oral care practice. CONCLUSION Nurses were motivated to assist in oral care of children with cancer but sometimes felt ill-equipped. Updated national and institution guidelines, didactic and hands-on training, and implementation of practical support could be considered.
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Gündogdu F, Sayar S. Oncology nursing practices in the management of chemotherapy-related oral mucositis in accordance with evidence-based guidelines: a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:9549-9557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ahmad MS, Abuzar MA, Razak IA, Rahman SA, Borromeo GL. Perceptions of oral health education and practice among nursing students in Malaysia and Australia. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:215-222. [PMID: 33513278 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Representing the largest proportion of healthcare workers, nurses play a significant role in oral health (OH) maintenance as part of a larger effort to promote holistic patient care. The study aims to determine nursing students' perceptions of OH education and practice in Malaysian and Australian nursing schools. MATERIALS AND METHODS A self-administered questionnaire (content- and face-validated) survey was undertaken, classroom style, amongst final-year nursing students from selected Malaysian (n = 122, Response rate=97.6%) and Australian (n = 299, Response rate=54.7%) institutions. Quantitative data were analysed via Statistical Package for Social Science software (Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, p ≤ 0.01). RESULTS Significantly more Malaysian nursing students, compared to those in Australia, reported having encountered patients with OH issues (98.4% vs. 82.9%), namely halitosis (87.7% vs. 62.2%), oral ulcers (63.1% vs. 41.1%), oral/dental trauma (36.9% vs. 21.1%) and caries in children (28.7% vs. 7.7%). Less than half of Malaysian and Australian nursing students reported that they received adequate OH training (48.4% vs. 36.6%, p ≤ 0.01), especially in detecting oral cancer (18.0.0% vs. 22.6%, p ≤ 0.01) and preventing oral diseases (46.7% vs. 41.7%, p ≤ 0.01). Students in both countries demonstrated positive attitudes and believed in their role in OH care. Most students agreed that they should receive training in OH, especially in smoking cessation and providing OH care for patients with special needs. They also opined that a standardized evidence-based oral hygiene protocol is needed. CONCLUSION Support for education and practice in this area of patient care suggested positive implications for further development of nurses' roles in OH promotion and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mas S Ahmad
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | | | - Ishak A Razak
- MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom, Malaysia
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Chebib N, Waldburger TC, Boire S, Prendki V, Maniewicz S, Philippe M, Müller F. Oral care knowledge, attitude and practice: Caregivers' survey and observation. Gerodontology 2020; 38:95-103. [PMID: 33073432 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess caregivers' knowledge, perception and perceived barriers as well as their daily usual practice concerning oral care provision in a geriatric hospital. METHODS A semi-structured questionnaire was developed and administered to caregivers in a geriatric ward. Furthermore, oral care delivery to dependent and independent patients was clinically observed. RESULTS One hundred and fifty-two caregivers (60% nurses, 40% nursing aids) completed the survey (78% response rate). Clinical oral care was observed in 97 inpatients. Observations revealed that brushing was done in 94% of opportunities in independent patients but in only 55% of dependent patients. This corresponded to the frequency indicated in the questionnaire for independent elders (97%, n.s.), whereas it was significantly different for dependent elders (89%, P < .001). 95% of caregivers stated in the questionnaire never verifying self-administered oral care, whereas 12.3% were actually observed verifying intraorally its efficiency (P = .07 chi-squared test). 71% of the respondents stated storing the prostheses dry, and 8% stated that they reinserted it after cleaning. Caregivers' observation revealed that 35.1% of prostheses were reinserted in the mouth, indicating a significantly higher rate than in the questionnaire (P < .05). Respondents felt that their training to perform oral hygiene measures was suboptimal (VAS 48 ± 34.4). Patients verbally refusing oral care were stated as a barrier by 14% of respondents and were witnessed in 15.6% of observation opportunities (n.s). CONCLUSION Various measures, such as hospital health policy, improved logistics or advanced hands-on training, might help to converge the clinical practice towards the theoretical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Chebib
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Talina Clizia Waldburger
- Undergraduate Student, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Boire
- Division of Internal Medicine of the Aged, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thônex, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Prendki
- Division of Internal Medicine of the Aged, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thônex, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Maniewicz
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mojon Philippe
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Müller
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Geriatrics, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thônex, Switzerland
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Woon C. Improving oral care for hospitalised patients: choosing appropriate products. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2020; 29:520-525. [PMID: 32407235 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.9.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral care is a fundamental part of nursing but it is often performed as a routine task, often based on historic practice, and lacks an evidence base. A variety of oral care products are used in practice. AIM To discover evidence of effective oral care products for use in hospitalised patients. DESIGN A systematic literature review was undertaken. METHODS A review of articles was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed, the Cochrane Database and Google Scholar between 2007 and 2019. All articles were compared and contrasted and some excluded due to the quality of the evidence. DISCUSSION The literature review identified a number of oral care problems and investigated a range of products. RESULTS The main finding was that there is a need for a definitive, evidence-based oral care guideline on the products suitable for different oral care conditions, including dysphagia, xerostomia, mucositis, and for patients wearing dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Woon
- Nurse Educator, Neurosciences, Wellington Hospital, New Zealand
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Woon C. Oral Care for Neuroscience patients in New Zealand – A national survey. AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ajon-2020-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Nagarakanti S, Avuluri J, Chava VK. Evaluation of Nurses' Attitude toward the Provision of Oral Hygiene Care to Hospitalized Patients at Two Private Hospitals in South India. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2019; 24:472-474. [PMID: 31772924 PMCID: PMC6875888 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_39_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Several hospitalized patients with complex medical issues depend on nursing staff for their daily health care due to several functional limitations. This study investigates the Oral Hygiene Care (OHC) activities and attitudes of nurses toward hospitalized patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two private hospitals using a self-administered, structured questionnaire distributed to 585 nursing staff. Data were analyzed through percentages. Results: About 85.70% of the nurses ranked OHC as important; among them, 74.00% ranked as important to extremely important. Very few (2.40%) rated providing OHC to be an unpleasant task and the majority (41.80%) felt lack or proper training is one of the reasons for providing OHC satisfactorily. Conclusions: Nurses experienced significant behavioral and physical difficulties while providing OHC, but still found it important. Therefore, training programs are needed for nurses to improve OHC to hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivas Nagarakanti
- Department of Periodontology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Joshna Avuluri
- Department of Periodontology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay K Chava
- Department of Periodontology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Philip P, Villarosa A, Gopinath A, Elizabeth C, Norman G, George A. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore, India: a cross-sectional survey. Contemp Nurse 2019; 55:261-274. [PMID: 31340719 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2019.1647790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Maintaining good oral health among hospitalized individuals is essential for health outcomes and quality of life. Nurses, being the primary oral care givers require adequate knowledge, attitude and practice in this area to provide effective oral health care. However, limited studies have been undertaken to evaluate this aspect of nursing care in India. Aim: To determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses regarding oral care for hospitalized patients. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: A total of 244 nurses working in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore, South India were purposively recruited for this study. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions about knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oral care. Results: The mean oral health knowledge score was 6.74 out of maximum score of 22. Most nurses were aware of the importance of oral care among inpatients and the effect poor oral hygiene and systemic diseases have on oral health. Deficiencies in knowledge were prevalent in areas including common medications that affect oral health and regarding care of dentures. Nurses, with higher nursing qualifications and working in departments with longer length of stay had higher attitude scores. Most nurses assessed oral health needs within 24hrs of admission. However, there were inconsistencies in the oral health assessment and care protocols followed and documentation. Conclusion: Nurses' attitude towards oral health was positive yet their knowledge in specific aspects of care was inadequate. Their oral health practices needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philcy Philip
- a Dental Department, Bangalore Baptist Hospital , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore , Karnataka 560024 , India
| | - Amy Villarosa
- b Centre for Oral Health Outcomes & Research Translation (COHORT), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, South Western Sydney Local Health District , Sydney , Australia.,c Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research , Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool , NSW 1871 , Australia
| | - Anitha Gopinath
- d Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore , Karnataka 560024 , India
| | - Carolin Elizabeth
- d Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore , Karnataka 560024 , India
| | - Gift Norman
- d Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore , Karnataka 560024 , India
| | - Ajesh George
- b Centre for Oral Health Outcomes & Research Translation (COHORT), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, South Western Sydney Local Health District , Sydney , Australia.,c Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research , Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool , NSW 1871 , Australia.,e Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University , Sydney , Australia.,f School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
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Avci S, Sari HY. Effect of An Evidence-Based Nursing Intervention on the Diagnosis of Oral Mucositis in the Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Unit. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2019; 6:292-299. [PMID: 31259226 PMCID: PMC6518993 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This quasi-experimental, single-group study with a pre- and post-repeated measures design was carried out at the Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Unit of a University Hospital. The study was aimed at investigating the effect of an evidence-based nursing intervention program, held for nurses providing care for pediatric stem cell transplant patients, on their skills in diagnosing oral mucositis (OM). Methods: Before training, data were collected from all the nurses using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire. Six patients who were admitted to the clinic and started chemotherapy (CT) were followed up for a maximum of 1 month during their hospitalization to find whether the diagnosis of OM was performed. During the intervention stage, the researcher provided nurses with training on the importance of the use of evidence-based research results in the clinic, including evidence regarding OM. After the training, the records of six patients who were admitted to the clinic and started CT were tracked for up to 1 month during their hospitalization to find whether the diagnosis of OM was performed. Results: At the end of the study, the rate of OM diagnosis was performed by nurses, which was 2.8% before the program and increased to 8.7% after the program. The difference between the percentages of performing OM diagnosis by the nurses before and after the program was 5.9%, which was considered statistically significant (χ2 = 11.004, P < 0.01). The postprogram rate of diagnosis of OM was 3.12 times higher (212% increase) than the preprogram rate (P < 0.01). Conclusions: One of the most important recommendations of the present study is to provide regular and continuous training sessions for nurses to improve and update their knowledge on oral care. It is also concluded that the establishment of oral diagnosis as a follow-up parameter, similar to vital signs in the clinic, will enable nurses to improve their skills in performing daily diagnosis and keeping proper records of the patients’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyda Avci
- Department of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation, Ege University Medical Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yildirim Sari
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
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Odgaard L, Kothari M. Survey of oral nursing care attitudes, knowledge and practices in a neurorehabilitation setting. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 46:730-737. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lene Odgaard
- Hammel Neurorehabilitation and University Research Clinic, Regional Hospital Hammel Denmark
| | - Mohit Kothari
- Hammel Neurorehabilitation and University Research Clinic, Regional Hospital Hammel Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
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Knowledge and attitude of nurses’ towards patient’s oral care at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2019.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Blum DFC, Munaretto J, Baeder FM, Gomez J, Castro CPP, Bona ÁD. Influence of dentistry professionals and oral health assistance protocols on intensive care unit nursing staff. A survey study. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2018; 29:391-393. [PMID: 29044309 PMCID: PMC5632984 DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20170049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jussara Gomez
- Hospital São Vicente de Paulo - Passo Fundo (RS), Brasil
| | | | - Álvaro Della Bona
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Passo Fundo - Passo Fundo (RS), Brasil
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16
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Prevalence and predictors of difficulty accessing the mouths of intubated critically ill adults to deliver oral care: An observational study. Int J Nurs Stud 2017; 80:36-40. [PMID: 29353710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral care of intubated patients is essential to the prevention of infection and patient discomfort. However, barriers to oral access and delivery of oral care have received little attention. OBJECTIVE To determine prevalence and predictors of oral access difficulty. DESIGN A prospective, observational, multi-center study. SETTINGS Four intensive care units in Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Adult patients orally intubated for ≥48 h. METHODS We screened consecutive admissions once a week to identify eligible participants. We observed each patient and asked the patient's nurse about presence or absence of difficulty accessing the mouth to deliver oral care across three categories: (1) visualizing inside the mouth; (2) obtaining patient cooperation, or (3) inserting instruments for delivery of oral care. We asked nurses to identify presence of patient behaviors contributing to oral access difficulty and perceived level of difficulty on a Likert response scale. We examined patient and treatment characteristics associated with extreme difficulty (i.e., difficulty in all 3 categories) using a generalized estimating equation regression model. RESULTS A total of 428 patients were observed, 58% admitted with a medical diagnosis. More than half (57%) had ≥2 oral devices up to maximum of 4. Oral care difficulty was identified in 83% of patients and rated as moderate to high for 217 (51%). Difficulty concerned visibility (74%), patient cooperation (55%), and space to insert instruments (53%). Patient behaviors contributing difficulty included coughing/gagging (60%), mouth closing (49%), biting (45%) and localizing (27%) during care. Variables associated with extreme difficulty included neurological (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.42-2.60) or trauma admission (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.16-2.89), lack of pain assessment or treatment in the 4 h prior to oral care (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.80), more oral devices (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.05-1.87), and duration of intubation (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10). Absence of documented agitation in the 4 h prior to oral care was associated with less difficulty (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.54-0.86). CONCLUSIONS Oral care is complex and difficulties are experienced in a vast majority of intubated patients. Some difficulties are amenable to correction such as pain management.
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17
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Ab Malik N, M Yatim S, Lam OLT, Jin L, McGrath C. Oral Health Care Guidelines, Training, and Resources among Stroke Care Providers. JDR Clin Trans Res 2017; 2:312-319. [PMID: 30938632 DOI: 10.1177/2380084417693784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During a stroke, the mouth tends to become an unhealthy place and may give rise to various life-threatening conditions. To this end, there have been repeated calls to incorporate oral hygiene guidelines and practices for hospitalized stroke patients to prevent aspiration pneumonia and improve patients' oral health. The objective of the study was to determine health care providers' practices of oral health care among patients hospitalized after an occurrence of stroke and to determine health care providers' background and work environment effect on these practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke care providers in 13 public hospitals in Malaysia. The questionnaires distributed were self-administered, where nursing staff provided details of their oral health care practices for stroke patients. Information on the background of health care providers and work environment was also collected. Overall, a total of 780 responses from the registered nurses were obtained. Almost half of the respondents (48.1%) reported that they recommended toothbrushing twice or more per day to stroke patients. Two-thirds (64.7%) reported that they performed daily mouthwashing on their patient, while less than half (38.8%) reported daily oral hygiene assistance. Result of the analysis revealed that oral hygiene practices were significantly associated with having working wards ( P < 0.05), level of qualification ( P < 0.05), having oral health care guidelines ( P < 0.001), specific resources ( P < 0.05), and attending previous training in oral care ( P < 0.001). Provision of oral hygiene practices for hospitalized stroke patients is important. A lack of oral health care guidelines, support from dental professionals, specific resources, training, and assistance in daily oral care for patients is evident and detrimental to oral hygiene practices. The current findings have significant implications for new initiatives to support health care providers, particularly the registered nurses performing oral health care for hospitalized stroke patients. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This study may provide a basis of information for improving the delivery of oral health care to stroke patients. Enhancement in the training and improvement in the existing guidelines and resources is pivotal for the provision of better oral health care for the potential benefits to these patients, including their improved quality of life and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ab Malik
- 1 Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,2 Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S M Yatim
- 3 Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Serdang, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - O L T Lam
- 4 Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - L Jin
- 5 Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C McGrath
- 6 Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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18
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Jansson MM, Syrjälä HP, Ohtonen PP, Meriläinen MH, Kyngäs HA, Ala-Kokko TI. Effects of simulation education on oral care practices - a randomized controlled trial. Nurs Crit Care 2017; 22:161-168. [PMID: 28093837 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation of evidence-based oral care protocols, nurse education programmes and assessment tools may reduce the risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia by increasing critical care nurses' knowledge and skills in adhering to current oral care recommendations. AIMS To evaluate the longitudinal effects of single-dose simulation education with structured debriefing and verbal feedback on critical care nurses' knowledge and skills in adhering to current oral care recommendations. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial with repeated measurements. METHOD The data for the study were collected in a single academic centre in a 22-bed adult, mixed, medical-surgical intensive care unit in Finland from February 2012 to March 2014. The effectiveness of simulation education was evaluated through the validated Ventilator Bundle Questionnaire and Observation Schedule at baseline (n = 30) and 24 months (n = 17) after simulation education. Data were analysed using a linear mixed model and intention-to-treat analyses. RESULTS During the study period, the average knowledge score in the intervention group increased significantly (44·0% to 56·0% of the total score) in the final post-intervention measurement (pt = 0·51, pg = 0·002, pt*g = 0·023). However, single-dose simulation education with structured debriefing and verbal feedback had no impact on critical care nurses' skill scores. CONCLUSION Single-dose simulation education had only a minimal effect on critical care nurses' knowledge and skills in adhering to current oral care recommendations. Despite increased awareness, there was no significant difference in oral care practices between the study groups after simulation education. RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE The need for regularly repeated educational sessions with theoretical training and practical exercises and direct feedback is evident. Certain aspects of oral care, such as prevention of microaspiration of oropharyngeal secretions and moistening of oral mucosa and lips, require more reinforcement than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia M Jansson
- Division of Intensive Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu P Syrjälä
- Chief of Department of Infection Control, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pasi P Ohtonen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja H Meriläinen
- Division of Intensive Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helvi A Kyngäs
- Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, Medical Research Center Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tero I Ala-Kokko
- Division of Intensive Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu, Finland
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19
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20
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Otsuka H, Kondo K, Ohara Y, Yasuda M, Kishimoto N, Sunaga M, Endo K, Arakawa S, Kinoshita A, Shinada K. An Inter- and Intraprofessional Education Program in Which Dental Hygiene Students Instruct Medical and Dental Students. J Dent Educ 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2016.80.9.tb06188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Otsuka
- Department of Preventive Oral Health Care Sciences; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Keiko Kondo
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Department of Oral Health Care Education; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masayo Yasuda
- Oral Health Care Clinic; Dental Hospital; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Natsuki Kishimoto
- Department of Oral Health Care Education; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masayo Sunaga
- Department of Educational Media Development; Institute for Library and Media Information Technology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Keiko Endo
- Department of Oral Health Care Education; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Shinichi Arakawa
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Atsuhiro Kinoshita
- Department of Educational Media Development; Institute for Library and Media Information Technology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kayoko Shinada
- Department of Preventive Oral Health Care Sciences; Graduate School; Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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21
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Chan JC, Chin LS. Oral health knowledge and psychological determinants of oral health behavior of nursing students. J Health Psychol 2016; 22:79-88. [PMID: 26227498 DOI: 10.1177/1359105315595122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This survey examined the oral health knowledge and psychological determinants of oral health behavior of 1019 undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students. Overall, most of the students perceived their oral health to be average, and their flossing and dental visiting frequencies were inadequate. Moreover, the students' oral health knowledge was suboptimal, regardless of the type of study, and it was not significantly associated with oral health behavior. Binary logistic regression showed that toothbrushing self-efficacy and the type of study were both significantly associated with toothbrushing behavior. Furthermore, flossing self-efficacy and dental visiting self-efficacy were both significantly associated with flossing and dental visiting behaviors, respectively.
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22
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Saddki N, Mohamad Sani FE, Tin-Oo MM. Oral care for intubated patients: a survey of intensive care unit nurses. Nurs Crit Care 2014; 22:89-98. [PMID: 25349099 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to determine attitudes and practices of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses towards provision of oral care for intubated patients. BACKGROUND Oral care is as an essential nursing intervention for intubated patients to maintain patient comfort and prevent colonization of dental plaque by respiratory pathogens. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were collected from 93 ICU nurses of a teaching hospital in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Some nurses agreed that oral cavity of intubated patients was difficult (40·8%) and unpleasant (16·2%) to clean, but all of them realized the importance of oral care and the majority (97·9%) would like to learn more about it. Most nurses reported providing oral care at least two times daily using various methods and products such as suction toothbrush (90·4%), manual toothbrush (49·5%), cotton swab (91·5%) and foam swab (65·7%). Chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse was the preferred mouthwash (97·8%) and swabs (93·5%) solution although few used non-optimal products such as sodium bicarbonate (14·0%), tap water (4·3%) and hydrogen peroxide (3·2%) to wash their patients' mouths. While the majority of nurses agreed that oral care supplies and equipments were available (93·6%) and suitable (88·2%), most of them also thought they need better hospital support (88·2%). CONCLUSIONS The nurses' attitudes towards oral care were generally positive and most oral care methods were appropriate. However, some methods and products used were inconsistent with the current recommendations and they have mixed views about the suitability of oral care supplies and equipment provided by the hospital. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Recommendations were made for providing standard oral care protocols for intubated patients and oral care training programs for ICU nurses to support delivery of quality patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norkhafizah Saddki
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Mon Mon Tin-Oo
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the attitudes and practices of nurses working in intensive care units of four different hospitals regarding oral care. METHODS One hundred eighty-five nurses who worked in adult intensive care units comprised the sample of this cross-sectional descriptive study. CONCLUSION It can be said that intensive care nurses perform oral care without an oral care protocol and assessment guideline, and that the methods and frequency of oral care and solutions and tools used for oral care differ from one institution to another. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The results emphasized the need for continuing training in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüsna Özveren
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Dilek Özden
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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Sousa LLA, e Silva Filho WLS, Mendes RF, Moita Neto JM, Prado Junior RR. Oral health of patients under short hospitalization period: observational study. J Clin Periodontol 2014; 41:558-63. [PMID: 24617503 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of hospitalization on the oral health status of individuals hospitalized for a short period of time. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was an observational study of hospitalized patients. The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) was measured at baseline (T0 - first 24 h of hospital admission), and at 3 (T1), 7 (T2), 14 (T3) days. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-two patients were examined at baseline (T0), 35 examined at 3 days (T1), 23 at 7 days (T2) and 16 at 14 days (T3). The main reason for loss of patients was hospital discharge. The mean PI increased at T1 (0.97-1.21; p < 0.001), at T2 (1.06-1.30; p < 0.007) and at T3 (1.19-1.44; p < 0.03). Gingival index (GI) increased at T2 (0.74-0.96; p < 0.04) and at T3 (0.74-0.96; p < 0.02). CONCLUSION Oral health, assessed through PI and GI, deteriorates after a short period of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L A Sousa
- Postgraduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Brazil
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Ganz FD, Ofra R, Khalaila R, Levy H, Arad D, Kolpak O, Nun MB, Drori Y, Benbenishty J. Translation of Oral Care Practice Guidelines Into Clinical Practice by Intensive Care Unit Nurses. J Nurs Scholarsh 2013; 45:355-62. [DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Freda DeKeyser Ganz
- Pi , Head, Master's Program; Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Nursing; Faculty of Medicine; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Raanan Ofra
- Lecturer, Sheba School of Nursing; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | - Rabia Khalaila
- Director, Faculty of Nursing; Zefat Academic College Zefat; Israel
| | - Hadassa Levy
- Head Nurse, Cardiology; Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
| | - Dana Arad
- Staff Nurse, Ichilov Medical Center; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Orly Kolpak
- ICU Head Nurse, Western Galilee Hospital-Nahariya; Nahariya Israel
| | | | - Yardena Drori
- Head Nurse, Cardiac ICU; Haemek Hospital; Afula Israel
| | - Julie Benbenishty
- Academic Consultant/Trauma Coordinator, Nursing Administration; Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital; Jerusalem Israel
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Yildiz M, Durna Z, Akin S. Assessment of oral care needs of patients treated at the intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs 2013; 22:2734-47. [PMID: 23534462 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To assess the oral hygiene needs and the status of the oral mucus membranes of patients being treated in an intensive care unit and to determine the personal- or treatment-related variables associated with oral hygiene and the status of the oral mucus membranes of patients. BACKGROUND Oral hygiene has an impact on the clinical outcomes and well-being of critically ill patients. DESIGN A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. METHOD The study was conducted in the intensive care unit of a private hospital located in Istanbul. The study sample consisted of 60 patients treated in the intensive care unit for five consecutive days. Oral assessments were conducted once per day every morning for five days. The oral assessments were performed using the Oral Assessment Tool and Oral Assessment Checklist. RESULTS The oral hygiene status and the health of the oral mucus membranes improved over the consecutive five-day assessments, and the routine oral care provided by nurses in the intensive care unit was effective in preventing oral mucus membrane-related complications. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of oral care and oral moistening should be determined according to the patient's condition and the presence of risk factors for oral complications. Oral mucus membranes should be assessed closely and systematically in all critically ill patients who are mechanically ventilated, are receiving oxygen therapy, are undergoing invasive procedures, have a history of chronic health problems or are receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE To prevent infections or complications during intensive care treatment, it is important for nurses working in critical care units to develop and implement oral care assessments and evidence-based oral care protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Yildiz
- Memorial Hospital, Infection Control Department, Istanbul, Turkey
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