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Ogata Y, Sasaki M, Morioka N, Moriwaki M, Yonekura Y, Lake ET. Influence of nurse work environment and psychological distress on resignation from hospitals: a prospective study. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2024; 62:295-305. [PMID: 38583955 PMCID: PMC11462404 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2023-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
With the global nurse shortage, identifying nurse work environments that allow nurses to continue working is a common concern worldwide. This study examined whether a better nurse work environment (1) is associated with reducing nurses' psychological distress; (2) reduces nurse resignations; (3) weakens the influence of psychological distress on their resignation through interaction effect; and (4) whether psychological distress increases nurse turnover. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed using data obtained in 2014 from 2,123 staff nurses from a prospective longitudinal survey project of Japanese hospitals. The nurse work environment was measured by the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) consisting of five subscales and a composite, and psychological distress by K6. All the PES-NWI subscales and composite (ORs 0.679-0.834) were related to K6, significantly. Regarding nurse turnover, K6 had a consistent effect (ORs 1.834-1.937), and only subscale 2 of the PES-NWI had a direct effect (OR 0.754), but there was no effect due to the interaction term. That is, (1) and (4) were validated, (2) was partly validated, but (3) was not. As better work environment reduces K6 and a lower K6 decreases nurses' resignation, high-level hospital managers need to continue improving the nurse work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Ogata
- Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Miki Sasaki
- Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Noriko Morioka
- Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Mutsuko Moriwaki
- Quality Management Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuki Yonekura
- Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, Japan
| | - Eileen T Lake
- Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, USA
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Brooks Carthon JM, Brom H, Maye A, Iroegbu C, Gil J, Rizzo J, Amenyedor K, Montalvo W, Villarruel AM. Burnout and psychological distress among Hispanic nurses across Illinois and New York hospitals: Implications for structural and person-centered solutions. Nurs Outlook 2024; 72:102234. [PMID: 38991236 PMCID: PMC11490398 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high levels of burnout and psychological distress among nurses, few studies have evaluated these outcomes among Hispanic nurses. PURPOSE To evaluate the differences in job-related and psychological well-being outcomes for Hispanic and non-Hispanic White nurses and the association of nurse work environments. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of the 2021 RN4CAST-New York-Illinois nurse survey. Multilevel logistic regression models examined the association between nurse ethnicity and job-related outcomes and psychological well-being. DISCUSSION Our sample included 798 (10.7%) Hispanic and 6,642 (89.3%) non-Hispanic White nurses in 249 hospitals. In unadjusted models, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with higher odds of burnout (odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.42), which diminished when considering the work environment (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.35) and nurse characteristics (i.e., age) (OR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.83-1.21). CONCLUSION Equity-driven solutions to support the well-being of Hispanic nurses should consider a focus on the needs of young Hispanic nurses and include increased support in work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Margo Brooks Carthon
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Heather Brom
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexandra Maye
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christin Iroegbu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jennifer Gil
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John Rizzo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Wanda Montalvo
- National Association of Community Health Centers, Bethesda, MD
| | - Antonia M Villarruel
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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3
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de Vargas D, Volpato RJ, Dos Santos LC, Pereira CF, de Oliveira SR, da Silva RR, Maciel MED, Fernandes IL, de Oliveira Santana K, Aguilar TF. Prevalence of psychological and mental health symptoms among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Americas: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:582-599. [PMID: 38151828 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that estimated the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic was performed through bibliographic database searches. A three-level meta-analysis model was used with the inverse variance method, tau was estimated via restricted maximum likelihood and logistic transformation, and heterogeneity was presented as tau2 and I2. Of the 7467 studies obtained, 62 were included in the meta-analysis, which involved 52 270 nursing professionals. The overall prevalence for at least one mental health symptom was 56.3% (50.4%, 62.1%; I2 = 98.6%, p < 0.001). Eight mental health symptoms were found; among them, the most prevalent were burnout (52.1%, 37.1%, 88.8%; I2 = 98.5%, p < 0.001) and fear (52.1%, 30.1%, 73.3%; I2 = 98.1%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent was high, and strategies should be developed and implemented by managers and government agencies to promote the well-being, physical and mental health of nursing professionals. Studies like this one are necessary to highlight the need for efforts in the implementation of promotion and prevention actions to be developed by health organisations, managers and leaders with a view to improving the quality of life of nursing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marjorie Ester Dias Maciel
- Nucleon of Addiction Nursing Research, School of Nursing (NEPEEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Faustino Aguilar
- Nucleon of Addiction Nursing Research, School of Nursing (NEPEEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu D, Zhang N, Bu X, Xu Z. A latent profile analysis of psychological resilience associated with work fatigue among Chinese nurses. Res Nurs Health 2024; 47:335-343. [PMID: 38217472 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Nurses' psychological resilience has been studied using a variable-centered rather than a person-centered approach, impeding a comprehensive understanding of the holistic expression of these different forms of psychological resilience. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of psychological resilience in a sample of Chinese nurses during COVID-19 using latent profile analysis (LPA) and the relationships between these unique profiles and nurses' work fatigue. A total of 471 Chinese nurses were recruited from three hospitals in Hebei Province between June and July 2020. The participant samples were investigated with the psychological resilience scale and the work fatigue inventory. LPA showed that a three-profile model of psychological resilience best fit this study. The resulting profiles were low psychological resilience, medium psychological resilience, and high psychological resilience. Notably, there were significant differences in nurses' work fatigue among different profiles of psychological resilience. The study provided a new view of nurses' psychological resilience, which may be used to effectively reduce nurses' work fatigue and evaluate nursing work status comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingxin Xu
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Bu
- School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
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Mensinger JL, Weissinger GM, Cantrell MA, Baskin R, George C. A Pilot Feasibility Evaluation of a Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback App to Improve Self-Care in COVID-19 Healthcare Workers. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2024; 49:241-259. [PMID: 38502516 PMCID: PMC11101559 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-024-09621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 exacerbated burnout and mental health concerns among the healthcare workforce. Due to high work stress, demanding schedules made attuned eating behaviors a particularly challenging aspect of self-care for healthcare workers. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) mobile app for improving well-being among healthcare workers reporting elevated disordered eating during COVID-19. We conducted a mixed methods pre-mid-post single-arm pilot feasibility trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04921228). Deductive content analysis of participants' commentary generated qualitative themes. Linear mixed models were used to examine changes in pre- mid- to post-assessment scores on well-being outcomes. We consented 28 healthcare workers (25/89% female; 23/82% Non-Hispanic White; 22/79% nurses) to use and evaluate an HRVB mobile app. Of these, 25/89% fully enrolled by attending the app and device training; 23/82% were engaged in all elements of the protocol. Thirteen (52%) completed at least 10 min of HRVB on two-thirds or more study days. Most participants (18/75%) reported being likely or extremely likely to continue HRVB. Common barriers to engagement were busy schedules, fatigue, and technology difficulties. However, participants felt that HRVB helped them relax and connect better to their body's signals and experiences. Results suggested preliminary evidence of efficacy for improving interoceptive sensibility, mindful self-care, body appreciation, intuitive eating, stress, resilience, and disordered eating. HRVB has potential as a low-cost adjunct tool for enhancing well-being in healthcare workers through positively connecting to the body, especially during times of increased stress when attuned eating behavior becomes difficult to uphold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janell L Mensinger
- Department of Clinical and School Psychology, College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Ave, 1073 Maltz, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33314, USA.
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA.
| | - Guy M Weissinger
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Mary Ann Cantrell
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Baskin
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Cerena George
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
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Ayaz-Alkaya S, Erdal A, Kacar D, Kayan S, Ersoy T. Nurses' COVID-19-related fear and anxiety and their attitudes to the COVID-19 vaccine: A descriptive and correlational study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13212. [PMID: 37786940 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease 2019 has caused psychological distress such as anxiety and fear among nurses worldwide. Nurses are a creditable source of vaccine-related information and have a primary role in building confidence regarding vaccines. AIM The present study was designed to investigate the fear and anxiety of nurses regarding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The predictors of fear, anxiety and attitudes towards the vaccine were also investigated. METHODS A descriptive and correlational design was used. The study was conducted in three public hospitals from different parts of the Turkey, and 405 nurses from the three hospitals were recruited by stratified sampling. RESULTS Anxiety and negative attitudes towards the vaccine were positively related to fear of COVID-19. Age and fear were also positively associated with anxiety related to COVID-19. Nurses who had received the vaccine and those who were fearful had a positive attitude towards the vaccine. CONCLUSION Psychosocial support programmes should be implemented to improve psychological resilience and coping strategies in nurses and organized education programmes are needed to increase positive attitudes towards vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysun Erdal
- Faculty of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kacar
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Kayan
- Faculty of Health Science, Public Health Nursing Department, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Ersoy
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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Runyon MC, Copel LC, Trout KK. A concept analysis of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38762896 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To facilitate an understanding of the risk for psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses. DESIGN Concept analysis. METHODS The Walker and Avant method of concept analysis was applied to 56 articles. The characteristics, antecedents, and consequences of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses were identified. DATA SOURCES Peer-reviewed articles in English from CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar were reviewed on July 2023. RESULTS The characteristics of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses are overwhelming distress, intrusive symptoms, avoidance and numbing behaviours, hypervigilance or hyperarousal, emotional dysregulation, cognitive distortions, and interpersonal challenges. The antecedents are exposure to one or more of the following nurse-specific traumas: natural or person-made disasters, historical role limitations, second victim situations, secondary trauma, system-mediated or over-medicalized care, insufficient resources, or workplace incivility. The consequences are disruptions in mental health, diminished physical health, alterations in relationships, and variable work performance. CONCLUSION Labour and delivery nurses experience unique causes of psychological trauma due to their practice environment and patient population. The consequences of labour and delivery nurses' psychological trauma extend beyond individual health and impact the quality of patient care and organizational capacity. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE Furthermore, research is needed to inform education, support and policy measures to mitigate harm effectively. WHAT PROBLEM DID THE STUDY ADDRESS?: Nurse-specific trauma theory has not been applied to the unique labour and delivery environment with a high incidence of patient trauma. WHAT WERE THE MAIN FINDINGS?: Multiple causes of trauma in the perinatal context have created a pervasive yet largely preventable issue. WHERE AND ON WHOM WILL THE RESEARCH HAVE AN IMPACT?: This research will impact labour and delivery nurses, their leadership, and their patients. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie C Runyon
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linda Carman Copel
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly K Trout
- Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Wells SA, Fleury-Steiner RE, Miller SL, Camphausen LC, Horney JA. Impacts of the COVID-19 Response on the Domestic Violence Workforce. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:1190-1205. [PMID: 37799057 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231203610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Many frontline and essential workers faced increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and even suicide ideation during the pandemic response. These and other factors led to burnout, shifts into non-patient or client-facing roles, or leaving an occupation altogether. Domestic violence advocates experienced increases in many types of stressors as they continued to provide essential services to victims and survivors during the pandemic. However, in most cases they did so without protections offered to essential workers, like priority access to personal protective equipment (PPE) or vaccines. Executive directors of U.S. State and Territorial Domestic Violence Coalitions were identified using the National Network to End Domestic Violence website and contacted via email to schedule key informant interviews. Interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed using Zoom. Themes were identified using both inductive and deductive coding. Twenty-five of 56 (45%) coalition executive directors completed an interview. Three main themes related to workforce were identified, including an accelerated rate of job turnover among both leadership and staff; a lack of essential worker status for domestic violence advocates; and unsustainable levels of stress, fear, and exhaustion. While familiar challenges drove these outcomes for this predominantly female, low-wage workforce, such as a lack of access to childcare, other factors, including the lack of access to PPE, training, and hazard pay for those working in person, highlighted inequities facing the domestic violence workforce. The factors identified as impacting the domestic violence workforce-turnover, low status, and high levels of stress, fear, and exhaustion-made the already challenging provision of advocacy and services more difficult. Domestic violence advocates are essential first responders and must be supported in ways that increase the resilience of empowerment-based services for victims and survivors.
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Sagherian K, Cho H, Steege LM. The insomnia, fatigue, and psychological well-being of hospital nurses 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic began: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:273-287. [PMID: 35869416 PMCID: PMC9349539 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown sleep problems, elevated fatigue, and high cases of burnout, as well as signs of post-traumatic stress and psychological distress among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many US hospitals attempted to minimise its impact on staff by providing basic resources, mental health services, and wellness programs. Therefore, it is critical to re-evaluate these well-being indices and guide future administrative efforts. PURPOSE To determine the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic after 18 months on hospital nurses' insomnia, fatigue, burnout, post-traumatic stress, and psychological distress. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Data were collected online mainly through state board and nursing association listservs between July-September 2021 (N = 2488). The survey had psychometrically tested instruments (Insomnia Severity Index, Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Patient Health Questionnaire-4) and sections on demographics, health, and work. The STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist was followed for reporting. RESULTS Nurses had subthreshold insomnia, moderate-to-high chronic fatigue, high acute fatigue, and low-to-moderate intershift recovery. Regarding burnout, they experienced increased emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, and some depersonalisation. Nurses had mild psychological distress but scored high on post-traumatic stress. Nurses who frequently cared for patients with COVID-19 in the past months scored significantly worse in all measures than their co-workers. Factors such as nursing experience, shift length, and frequency of rest breaks were significantly related to all well-being indices. CONCLUSION Nurses' experiences were similar to findings from the early pandemic but with minor improvements in psychological distress. Nurses who frequently provided COVID-19 patient care, worked ≥12 h per shift, and skipped rest breaks scored worse on almost all well-being indices. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Administration can help nurses' recovery by providing psychological support, mental health services, and treatment options for insomnia, as well as re-structure current work schedules and ensure that rest breaks are taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knar Sagherian
- College of NursingThe University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Hyeonmi Cho
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Linsey M. Steege
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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10
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Byrne CD, Copel LC, Smeltzer SC, Chen MH. Experiences of new nurses in the United States during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Nurs Rev 2023; 70:560-568. [PMID: 37822093 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This qualitative descriptive study describes the experiences of new nurses during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. BACKGROUND New nurses faced the dual challenge of transitioning to practice while working during a global pandemic. Although multiple studies have described nurses' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, research is warranted to understand new nurses' experiences during the acute phase of the pandemic. METHODS Registered nurses (n = 46) with less than two years of work experience, who participated in the COVID-19 Study and Registry of Healthcare and Support Personnel (CHAMPS), participated in this study. Thematic analysis was used to examine their responses. The COREQ guidelines were used in reporting this study. RESULTS Five themes were extracted: feelings of increasing isolation, feelings of intense fear, personal health concerns, shattered and disrupted expectations, and living in a constant dilemma. DISCUSSION New nurses described their distress and profound sense of isolation which was compounded by their status as new employees and being shunned by others. There was intense fear for their safety and health. They viewed their limited nursing experience with only COVID-19 patients as detrimental to their careers and encountered complex dilemmas and were obligated to make problematic choices. CONCLUSIONS New nurses revealed unrelenting psychological and physical distress during the pandemic. Identification and implementation of strategies to address their distress and alleviate its negative consequences were needed but not provided. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY The development and implementation of policies to address the challenges new nurses encounter are needed. Action strategies to promote professional socialization and job retention are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine D Byrne
- Villanova University, M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linda Carman Copel
- Villanova University, M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suzanne C Smeltzer
- Villanova University, M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mu-Hsun Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA
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Rachubińska K, Panczyk M, Sygut M, Ustianowski P, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Exploring factors influencing depression among Polish nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1272082. [PMID: 37780422 PMCID: PMC10538971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1272082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as an international public health emergency. The aim of our study was to identify contributors to nurses' depression. Methods This survey-based study was conducted in the Pomeranian Medical University Hospital no. 1 in Szczecin and involved 207 nurses. The following standardized research instruments were applied: the World Assumptions Scale, the Athens Insomnia Scale, the Impact of Event Scale - Revised, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder, the Perceived Stress Scale, and a questionnaire of our own authorship. Results The study showed that 72.95% of the subjects experienced severe stress, and 40.58% suffered from insomnia. In addition, 65.7% of the respondents had anxiety symptoms of varying degrees of severity, and 62.8% had depressive symptoms of mild to severe severity. The mean score on the IES-R scale, reflecting a psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, was 34.25. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the psychological health of medical staff, particularly through increased stress and anxiety symptoms. Anxiety levels and insomnia significantly affect the prevalence of depression among nurses. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as an international public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the psychological health of medical staff, particularly through increased stress and anxiety symptoms. It is important to conduct further research after the COVID-19 pandemic has ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Sygut
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Chair of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Ustianowski
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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12
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Yoon HJ, Bae SY, Baek J. Factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in nurses after directly caring for COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:282. [PMID: 37620908 PMCID: PMC10464410 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses are particularly at risk of suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) owing to their overwhelming workload, risk of infection, and lack of knowledge about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). PTSD negatively affects an individual's health, work performance, and patient safety. This study aims to assess factors related to PTSD among nurses after providing direct care to COVID-19 patients. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis aimed at identifying factors influencing PTSD among nurses who provided direct care to COVID-19 patients. Data from 168 nurses, collected between October and November 2020, were analyzed. The independent variables were personal, interpersonal, and organizational and COVID-19-related factors (experience of quarantine and direct care of COVID-19 patients), and the dependent variables were PTSD symptoms evaluated based on the PTSD Checklist-5. The nurses' experience of direct care for COVID-19 patients in the designated COVID-19 isolation wards during the first wave of the pandemic (February 2020 to May 2020) was included. RESULTS Among the nurses, 18.5% exhibited symptoms of PTSD. When providing direct care to a patient in the designated COVID-19 isolation ward, nurses witnessing the death of a patient (p = .001), low level of nurse staffing (p = .008), and inconvenience of electronic health records programs (p = .034) were associated with PTSD symptoms. The experience of quarantine owing to COVID-19 was also associated with PTSD symptoms (p = .034). Additionally, the higher the nurse managers' ability, leadership, and support of nurses in the current ward, the higher the possibility of lowering nurses' PTSD symptoms (p = .006). CONCLUSIONS Governments and hospitals should prepare and implement organizational intervention programs to improve nurse managers' leadership, nurse staffing levels, and electronic health records programs. Additionally, because nurses who have witnessed the death of a COVID-19 patient or are self-isolating are vulnerable to PTSD, psychological support should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Yoon
- Department of Nursing, Yeungnam University College, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Yeung Bae
- Department of Nursing, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Baek
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Exploring the Relationship Between Psychological Capital and Turnover Among New Nurses. NURSE LEADER 2023. [PMCID: PMC9970916 DOI: 10.1016/j.mnl.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed the health care work environment and exacerbated workplace demands and stress. New graduate nurses (NGNs) transitioning into their first registered nurse role were not exempt. Little is known about the emotional well-being of NGNs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we share NGN psychological capital (PsyCap) trends from 2019 to 2022 and explore the relationship between NGN PsyCap and turnover. Organizational, leadership, and individual implications for practice are discussed. Findings from this study can help health care leaders tailor emotional development and coping strategies for this important segment of the nursing workforce.
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14
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Searby A, Burr D, Taylor G, Aitken M, Redley B. Alcohol consumption among Australian nurses: A cross-sectional national survey study. Collegian 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Abrahim HL, Holman EA. A scoping review of the literature addressing psychological well-being of racial and ethnic minority nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Outlook 2023; 71:101899. [PMID: 36623985 PMCID: PMC9671619 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the well-being of nursing professionals, especially long-term and acute care nurses, many of whom are nurses of color. PURPOSE We examine the evidence and gaps in the literature addressing psychological well-being of racial/ethnic minority RNs in the United States during COVID-19. METHODS We searched eight databases during March 2022 and used Joanna Briggs' Scoping Review Methodology and PRISMA-ScR reporting standards. DISCUSSION Seven studies met inclusion criteria. Two exclusively examined nurses; five reported findings from heterogeneous samples of health care workers. No significant racial/ethnic differences in well-being were reported among health care workers. Among nurses, if a difference existed, White nurses reported decreased psychological well-being relative to ethnic and racial minority nurses. Two studies report modest racial/ethnic differences in nurses' psychological well-being. CONCLUSION Significant gaps in the literature remain; future studies should analyze groups of health care workers separately, clearly identify racial and ethnic groups, and examine the role of respondents' work setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Alison Holman
- Corresponding author: E. Alison Holman, Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing Room 4517, Nursing and Health Sciences Hall, 854 Health Sciences Road, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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Smeltzer SC, Copel LC, Bradley PK, Maldonado LT, D. Byrne C, Durning JD, Havens DS, Brom H, Mensinger JL, Yost J. Vulnerability, loss, and coping experiences of health care workers and first responders during the covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2066254. [PMID: 35442177 PMCID: PMC9037221 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2066254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic substantially affects health care workers from multiple disciplines, including nurses, physicians, therapists, and first responders. The aims of this study were to 1) explore and describe the experiences of health care workers and first responders working with individuals with COVID-19 infection, and 2) identify the support and strategies that were helpful during their experience.METHODS. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted via online video interviews of 29 health care workers and first responders who agreed to be contacted for an interview. Thematic analysis resulted in three themes and corresponding subthemes.RESULTS. The three overriding themes were 1) experiencing vulnerability, 2) suffering loss and grief, and 3) coping with vulnerability. A sense of vulnerability and high levels of stress were described and affected participants during their professional work as health care workers and first responders as well as their roles in their homes and communities.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. The findings indicate the need for effective measures to assist health care workers and first responders to minimize the negative consequences of persistent and severe stress and vulnerability as they care for individuals with COVID-19 and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne C. Smeltzer
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Linda Carman Copel
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Patricia K. Bradley
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Linda Tina Maldonado
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Christine D. Byrne
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Heather Brom
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Janell L. Mensinger
- Department of Clinical and School Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer Yost
- M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
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Jouini A, Mokline A, Sabta H, Smadhi I, Cheikh MB, Dziri C. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of burnout syndrome in healthcare providers: prevalence and predictive factors. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2022; 100:470-476. [PMID: 36206066 PMCID: PMC9589243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Tunisia, the pandemic is still ongoing, resulting in the burnout of healthcare providers. AIMS This study aimed to assess the impact of the management of COVID-19 patients on the physical and mental health of healthcare providers, and to identify the independent and predictive variables for the three components of severe burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment at work. METHODS It was a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected between February 8, and April 11, 2021. Healthcare providers, who were positive for COVID, completed the questionnaire. The primary endpoint was to assess the degree of burnout in healthcare providers by adopting the original version of the severe Maslach Burnout Inventory: emotional exhaustion (≥30), depersonalization (≥12), and lack of personal accomplishment at work (≤ 33). A descriptive analysis followed by a bi- and multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent and predictive factors for each component of burnout. RESULTS 700 healthcare providers were audited. Emotional exhaustion was ≥ 30 in 86%, depersonalization was ≥ 12 in 61%, and lack of personal accomplishment at work was ≤ 33 in 69%. Of the 700 healthcare providers, 93% were working at the same time in the COVID units, 85% had not received compensatory rest. Healthcare provider who had been infected by COVID-19 was the only independent predictive variable of severe emotional exhaustion and severe depersonalization. Healthcare provider who had been infected by COVID-19 and did not have a compensatory rest were two independent predictive variables of severe lack of personal accomplishment at work. CONCLUSION Healthcare provider who had been infected by COVID-19 was the only predictive variable of severe emotional exhaustion and severe depersonalization. Healthcare provider who had been infected by COVID-19 and did not have a compensatory rest were two independent and predictive variables of severe lack of personal accomplishment at work.
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Guardiano M, Boy P, Shapirshteyn G, Dobrozdravic L, Chen L, Yang H, Robbins W, Li J. Working Conditions and Wellbeing among Prison Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Comparison to Community Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710955. [PMID: 36078669 PMCID: PMC9518550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The psychological health and work challenges of nurses working in prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic are understudied. We evaluated the work and wellbeing characteristics of a California prison nurse group, with a comparison to those of a community nurse group. From May to November 2020, an online survey measured psychosocial and organizational work factors, sleep habits, psychological characteristics, COVID-19 impacts, and pre-pandemic recall among 62 prison nurses and 47 community nurses. Prison nurses had significantly longer work hours (54.73 ± 14.52, p < 0.0001), higher pandemic-related work demands, and less sleep hours (5.36 ± 1.30, p < 0.0001) than community nurses. Community nurses had significantly higher pandemic-related fear levels (work infection: p = 0.0115, general: p = 0.0025) and lower perceived personal protective equipment (PPE) supply (p = 0.0103). Between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, both groups had significantly increased night shift assignments and decreased sleep hours, but the prison group had increased work hours. Although not statistically significant, both groups had high occupational stress and prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Our results indicate that prison nurses experienced work and wellbeing challenges during the pandemic. Future research and practice ought to address nurses' workload, PPE, and psychological resources in correctional facilities and healthcare organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Guardiano
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paul Boy
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Lisa Dobrozdravic
- Quality Management Support Unit, Avenal State Prison, Avenal, CA 93204, USA
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Haiou Yang
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Wendie Robbins
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jian Li
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence:
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Experiences of redeployed healthcare workers in the fight against COVID-19 in China: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273429. [PMID: 36006945 PMCID: PMC9409527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Public health responses were triggered while COVID-19 was spreading. China redeployed healthcare workers to serve the most vulnerable populations and communities in the initial epicentre—Wuhan. However, it is not known how redeployment processes impacted on healthcare workers in a pandemic crisis.
Aims
To explore the experiences and needs of frontline healthcare workers who were redeployed to care for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, and understand the long-term impacts of the redeployment experience on their work and life.
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted with redeployed healthcare workers using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. This study is reported in accordance with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines.
Findings
A total of 20 redeployed healthcare workers (13 nurses and seven physicians) participated, and four themes were generated: (1) Initial feelings and emotions of redeployment—Participants experienced worries and concerns, a sense of isolation and loneliness on their arrival to the epicentre. (2) ‘It is like a war zone’—Healthcare workers faced a range of risks and challenges of caring for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan in the context of resource strain. (3) Uncertainty and coping strategies in patient care—Despite the hardships experienced, participants continued to deliver high-quality patient care including psychological care and palliative care, good communication and building mutual trusting relationships. (4) Reflection and far-reaching impacts of caring for COVID-19 patients—Participants felt motivated and encouraged as efforts were recognised by the government and wider society.
Conclusions
Redeployed healthcare workers shared their unique needs and experiences of coping with redeployment and challenges they faced in the context of resource strain, which has significant implications for policy and future practice. The reality of a pandemic may reduce healthcare workers’ willingness to work due to various reasons including inadequate preparedness of facilities and workplace safety. It is important to support frontline healthcare workers in order to maintain an adequate healthcare workforce in pandemic crises. Continuously evolving pandemic circumstances and uncertainty highlight the importance of an organized national pandemic response plan for subsequent waves of COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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Elliott TR, Perrin PB, Powers MB, Jacobi KS, Warren AM. Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy among Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127123. [PMID: 35742372 PMCID: PMC9222587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Most studies of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care workers (HCWs) have been descriptive, few have tested models to predict hesitancy, and none have examined the possible relationship between HCWs’ distress and vaccine hesitancy. This study examined predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, including HCWs’ distress after taking into account HCW sex, doctoral-level status, race, age, and exposure to COVID-19. Further, it examined specific reasons HCWs endorsed for their hesitancy. 266 HCWs in the United States (U.S.). completed an online survey administered in January 2021, following the availability of the vaccine for HCWs in the U.S. The survey assessed demographics, depression, anxiety, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and reasons for hesitancy. A comprehensive linear regression model explained 72.2% of the variance in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. HCWs were more hesitant if they did not know someone personally who had tested positive. Distress had no effect. The reasons most predicting vaccine hesitancy included safety, potential side effects, believing the risks from COVID-19 were lower than from the vaccine, not feeling at risk for getting COVID-19, and current pregnancy. Rather than rely on providing information about the COVID-19 vaccines to HCWs, strategies that address their concerns are required to promote vaccine acceptance. Contemporary issues of political polarization, misinformation and mistrust are likely to contribute to the concerns HCWs have about the COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Elliott
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paul B. Perrin
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Mark B. Powers
- Trauma Research Consortium, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Department of Trauma, Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA; (M.B.P.); (A.M.W.)
| | - Katelin S. Jacobi
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Ann Marie Warren
- Trauma Research Consortium, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Department of Trauma, Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA; (M.B.P.); (A.M.W.)
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21
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Mohammad RA, Jones AM, Clark JS. Changing Patterns of the Prevalence of Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress in
Health‐System
Pharmacists throughout the
COVID
‐19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY 2022; 5:674-681. [PMID: 35572212 PMCID: PMC9087517 DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rima A. Mohammad
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy and Michigan Medicine, Department of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Adam M. Jones
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Department of Pharmaceutical Care Iowa City Iowa
| | - John S. Clark
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy and Michigan Medicine, Department of Pharmacy Ann Arbor Michigan
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