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A Comparison of Diet Quality in a Sample of Rural and Urban Australian Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114130. [PMID: 34836385 PMCID: PMC8624345 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The diet quality of rural Australians is under researched. Characterising disparities in diet quality between rural and urban populations may inform targeted interventions in at- risk groups. A cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between diet quality, rurality and sociodemographic characteristics in a sample of Australian adults. Participants were recruited at rural and regional events between 2017 and 2020, in New South Wales, Australia. Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Quiz or Australian Eating Survey to generate an Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS). ARFS was compared by rurality and sociodemographic characteristics using multivariate regression. Participants (n = 247; 53% female) had a mean ± SD ARFS of 34.5 ± 9.0. There was no significant effect of rurality on ARFS (β-coefficient = −0.4; 95%CI −3.0, 2.3). Compared to participants aged 18–30 years, higher ARFS was evident for those aged 31–50 (β = 5.4; 95%CI 0.3, 10.4), 51–70 (β = 4.4; 95%CI 0.3, 8.5) and >71 years (β = 6.5; 95% CI 1.6–11.4). Compared to those living alone, participants living with a partner (β = 5.2; 95%CI 2.0, 8.4) and families with children (β = 5.6; 95%CI 1.4, 9.8) had significantly higher ARFS. ARFS was significantly lower with each additional self-reported chronic health condition (β = −1.4; 95%CI −2.3, −0.4). Our results indicate that diet quality as defined by the ARFS was classified as ‘getting there’ and that age, living arrangements and chronic health conditions, but not rurality, influenced diet quality in a sample of Australian adults.
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Gajda R, Jeżewska-Zychowicz M, Raczkowska E. Differences in Dietary Patterns among the Polish Elderly: A Challenge for Public Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113966. [PMID: 34836221 PMCID: PMC8622733 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the diversity of dietary patterns within the elderly, in relation to the region of residence, household structure, and socioeconomic status. The questionnaire was conducted in a group of 427 Polish adults aged 60 and older from June to September 2019. The sample was selected by means of the snowball method in two regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract and identify three dietary patterns (factors) from the frequency of eating 32 groups of foods. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the identified dietary patterns (DPs), region, household status, and socioeconomic index (SES). Adherence to the identified DPs, i.e., traditional, prudent, and adverse, was associated with socioeconomic status (SES) and living environment, i.e., living alone, with partner, or with family, while the region did not differentiate them. Less people living with their family were characterized by the frequent consumption of traditional food (the upper tertile of this DP), while more of them often consumed food that was typical for both prudent and adverse DPs (the upper tertiles of these DPs). The presence of a partner when living with family did not differentiate the adherence to DPs. A high SES decreased the chances of adhering to the upper tertiles of the “prudent” and “traditional” DPs, while living with family increased the chances of adhering to both the upper and middle tertiles of the “prudent” DP. Identifying the dietary patterns of the elderly contributes to a better understanding of the food intake of the senior citizens living in different social situations, in order to support public policies and nutritional counseling among this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gajda
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-507120428
| | - Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Raczkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Nakashima T, Katayama N, Saji N, Teranishi M, Yoshida T, Suzuki H, Sone M, Hamajima N. Dietary habits and medical examination findings in Japanese adults middle-aged or older who live alone. Nutrition 2021; 89:111268. [PMID: 34091192 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of living alone on multiple food and nutrition behaviors across a range of ages and genders has not been sufficiently investigated. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies have described both dietary status and medical examination findings in persons living alone. Among individuals who attended a health checkup in a rural town in Japan, we investigated dietary habits and medical examination findings in persons living alone and those living with one or more other persons. METHODS The participants in this investigation were 501 community-dwelling individuals aged 40 to 91 y (mean, 63.8 ± 9.9 y). Thirty-four (16.4%) of the 207 men and 45 (15.3%) of the 294 women lived alone. Dietary intake frequency of 28 types of foods and drinks, including various vegetables, fruits, meat, seafood, and dairy products, was investigated based on responses to a self-completed questionnaire. During the physical examination, body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) were measured. Blood examination included red blood cell count, white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and serum calcium. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that living alone independently was associated with a reduced intake frequency of various vegetables and seafood, especially in men. Diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in men living alone than in men living with other persons. The albumin/globulin ratio in women living alone was significantly lower than in women living with other persons. CONCLUSIONS It was found that living alone was associated not only with a reduced quality of dietary intake but also with an unfavorable trend in some of the medical examination findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Nakashima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ichinomiya Medical Treatment & Habilitation Center, Ichinomiya, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
| | - Naomi Katayama
- Department of Food Science, Nagoya Women's University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Saji
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Teranishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadao Yoshida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Michihiko Sone
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Choi YJ, Ailshire JA, Crimmins EM. Living alone, social networks in neighbourhoods, and daily fruit and vegetable consumption among middle-aged and older adults in the USA. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:3315-3323. [PMID: 32792025 PMCID: PMC7736134 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020002475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A social network is a valuable resource in later life. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether social networks within homes and neighbourhoods are associated with older adults' daily fruit and vegetable consumption. DESIGN Cross-sectional secondary data analysis. SETTING USA. PARTICIPANTS A nationally representative sample of 6865 community-dwelling older adults over age 53 in the Health and Retirement Study - Health Care and Nutrition Survey. RESULTS Older adults who lived alone with no children or friends nearby had the lowest fruit and vegetable consumption. However, the daily fruit and vegetable consumption of respondents who lived alone and had children or friends nearby or those who lived with someone and had no children or friends nearby was not statistically different from those who lived with someone and had children or friends nearby. This suggests that having a social network either at home or in the neighbourhood complements the absence of living with someone or having children or friends nearby and attenuates the negative association between limited social networks and daily fruit and vegetable consumption. A greater decrease in the number of fruits and vegetables consumed was observed among men when they lived alone with no children or friends nearby. CONCLUSIONS Special attention should be given to older adults with limited social networks, especially older adults living alone with no children or friends nearby. Provision of help with grocery shopping and meal preparation as well as social support networks and more opportunities that can improve social engagement appear to be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jin Choi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Ailshire
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eileen M Crimmins
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Adult food consumption by household composition: an analysis of the first National Dietary Survey, Brazil, 2008-2009. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:193-201. [PMID: 31475661 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate differences in food consumption of Brazilian adults according to the presence of children and adolescents in the household. DESIGN Averages of two non-consecutive days of food records from the first Brazilian National Dietary Survey were analysed and classified into eighteen food groups according to nutritional characteristics and use in diet. We compared the mean percentage contribution to total daily energy intake of each food group according to three groups of household composition: adults living alone or with other adults (32·7 %), adults living with children (35·6 %) and adults living with adolescents (31·7 %). SETTING Brazilian nationwide survey, 2008-2009. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 20-59 years (n 6312; 52·1 % female). RESULTS Women living alone or with other adults had higher consumption of vegetables, milk and other drinks, and lower consumption of beans and rice, compared with those living with children or adolescents. Men living alone or with other adults had higher consumption of sweets & desserts and vegetables, and lower consumption of beans, compared with those living with children or adolescents. According to household income, adults in the highest tertile who lived with children or adolescents presented a mixed consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods, whereas their counterparts in the first income tertile presented a marked consumption of foods considered traditional of the Brazilian population. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in food consumption based on the presence of children and adolescents in the household, with greater variation according to gender and household income.
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Association between hours worked in paid employment and diet quality, frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways in the UK. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:3368-3376. [PMID: 31407640 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between hours worked and diet quality, frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways. DESIGN Data were taken from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-2014). Associations between hours worked in paid employment and diet quality, assessed using the Diet Quality Index (DQI) and selected foods and nutrients, were tested using linear regression models. Associations between hours worked and frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways were tested using ordinal logistic regression models. All models were adjusted for sex, age, equivalised household income, household composition and household food role. SETTING UK. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 2154) aged 19-64 years in employment. RESULTS Mean (95 % CI) hours worked per week was 36·1 (35·6, 36·6) and mean DQI score was 41·9 (41·2, 42·5) %. Hours worked was not associated with DQI score, frequency of eating out or consuming takeaways. Hours worked was positively associated with consuming red meat, processed meat and alcohol intake. Adults working more hours had lower intake of fibre but higher total fat and saturated fat intakes if they lived in households with children. CONCLUSIONS Working hours may not be the main factor driving poor-quality diets among this sample of UK adults in employment. Focusing on consumption of foods prepared outside the household may not be the most efficient way to improve diet quality as effort is needed at all levels. Although it is unclear what is driving the differences in nutrient intakes according to household composition, they are important to consider when developing interventions to improve healthy eating.
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Kim EJ, Jin BH. Comparison of oral health status and daily nutrient intake between elders who live alone and elders who live with family: Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) (2013-2015). Gerodontology 2018; 35:129-138. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jeong Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Bo-Hyoung Jin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
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Breen F, Coveney J, Pflaum CAH. A literature scoping review of eating practices and food environments in 1 and 2-person households in the UK, Australia and USA. Appetite 2018. [PMID: 29522791 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to map the data currently available on the subject of eating practices and food environments in small (i.e. one- and two-person) households. Specifically, the enquiry is focused on commensality; the act of eating together. Research dates from the late 1980s, however, there are few recent publications on this subject. Searching Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest and Google Scholar, 2949 papers were found, but only 457 discussed any element of the research questions. These were further distilled to a count of 117, by abstract reading to 53 at which point, quality, location and study focus eliminated a further 34 articles leaving 19 articles. After full reading, it was clear that only seven of these focused on the research question in detail and these are marked as four-star articles by bold text. The 19 articles are analysed for quality and their aspects of relevance to the central research question is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelma Breen
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide South 5001, Australia.
| | - John Coveney
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide South 5001, Australia.
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Kobayashi S, Asakura K, Suga H, Sasaki S. Living status and frequency of eating out-of-home foods in relation to nutritional adequacy in 4,017 Japanese female dietetic students aged 18-20 years: A multicenter cross-sectional study. J Epidemiol 2017; 27:287-293. [PMID: 28190656 PMCID: PMC5463022 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living status (e.g., living with family or alone) may affect dietary habits. We compared nutritional adequacy according to living status and the frequency of eating out-of-home foods in young Japanese women. METHODS Female dietetic students (aged 18-20 years; n = 4,017) participated in a cross-sectional multicenter study, which was conducted in 85 dietetic schools in 35 of 47 prefectures in Japan. Habitual dietary intake was assessed with a validated diet history questionnaire. Nutritional adequacy was determined based on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese, 2015, for two goals: preventing non-communicable chronic disease (a tentative dietary goal for preventing lifestyle-related diseases [DG] that tracks five nutrients) and avoiding insufficient intake of mainly vitamins and minerals (estimated average requirement [EAR] that tracks 14 nutrients). RESULTS Women living with their family were less likely to meet DG nutrient levels, but more likely to meet EAR nutrient levels compared with those living alone. In contrast, women living alone had more inadequate nutrients with EAR and fewer nutrients with not-meeting DG than those living with families. A higher frequency of eating out-of-home was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of not-meeting DG nutrient levels only in the women living with their family. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of nutritional adequacy varied based on living status. In addition, women living with their family and those with a high frequency of eating out-of-home foods had the highest prevalence of not-meeting DG. Effective ways of improving dietary quality among young Japanese women differ by living status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kobayashi
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Suga
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Hanna KL, Collins PF. Relationship between living alone and food and nutrient intake. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:594-611. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Scioli A, Scioli-Salter ER, Sykes K, Anderson C, Fedele M. The positive contributions of hope to maintaining and restoring health: An integrative, mixed-method approach. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2015.1037858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhang J, Wu L. Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption among Chinese older adults: do living arrangements matter? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:2411-36. [PMID: 25711361 PMCID: PMC4377909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120302411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study used five waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to examine the relationship between living arrangements, smoking, and drinking among older adults in China from 1998–2008. We found that living arrangements had strong implications for cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption among the elderly. First, the likelihood of smoking was lower among older men living with children, and older women living either with a spouse, or with both a spouse and children; and the likelihood of drinking was lower among both older men, and women living with both a spouse and children, compared with those living alone. Second, among dual consumers (i.e., being a drinker and a smoker), the amount of alcohol consumption was lower among male dual consumers living with children, while the number of cigarettes smoked was higher among female dual consumers living with others, compared with those living alone. Third, among non-smoking drinkers, the alcohol consumption was lower among non-smoking male drinkers in all types of co-residential arrangements (i.e., living with a spouse, living with children, living with both a spouse and children, or living with others), and non-smoking female drinkers living with others, compared with those living alone. Results highlighted the importance of living arrangements to cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption among Chinese elderly. Co-residential arrangements provided constraints on Chinese older adults’ health-risk behaviors, and had differential effects for men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaan Zhang
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Liyun Wu
- The Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA.
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Zhou G, Gan Y, Knoll N, Schwarzer R. Proactive coping moderates the dietary intention-planning-behavior path. Appetite 2013; 70:127-33. [PMID: 23856434 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study examines psychosocial mechanisms in dietary change using the health action process approach (HAPA) as its theoretical backdrop. Previous studies have supported the model in the domain of dietary behaviors but it has not yet been studied in China. OBJECTIVE Dietary planning is assumed to mediate between intentions and dietary behaviors. However, among individuals scoring low on proactive coping, this mediation might fail. Therefore, an extension of the model by including proactive coping is examined. METHODS Psychometric scales were administered at two points in time, three months apart, to 240 young Chinese men and women. Intentions, outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-efficacy, and proactive coping were assessed at Time 1, whereas planning, coping self-efficacy, and dietary behavior were measured at Time 2. RESULTS Structural equation models replicated previous evidence on the validity of the HAPA. Intentions and planning mediated sequentially the effects of outcome expectancies and self-efficacy on dietary behaviors. Moreover, the inclusion of proactive coping yielded no main effects, but an interaction between intentions and proactive coping on dietary planning. The intention-planning-behavior chain was moderated by proactive coping which means that this connection operates only well when individuals are proactive. CONCLUSIONS A combination of proactive coping and the motivation to eat healthy foods facilitates dietary planning which, in turn, benefits corresponding behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Lange D, Richert J, Koring M, Knoll N, Schwarzer R, Lippke S. Self-regulation prompts can increase fruit consumption: a one-hour randomised controlled online trial. Psychol Health 2013; 28:533-45. [PMID: 23282217 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2012.751107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose was to examine whether a 1-h intervention would help increase fruit consumption in motivated individuals and to study the role of self-regulatory mechanisms in the behaviour change process, with a particular focus on dietary planning and action control. METHODS A randomised controlled trial compared a 1-h online intervention with controls in 791 participants. Dependent variables were fruit intake, planning to consume and dietary action control. RESULTS Experimental condition by time interactions documented superior treatment effects for the self-regulation group, although all participants benefited from the study. To identify the contribution of the intervention ingredients, multiple mediation analyses were conducted that yielded mediator effects for dietary action control and planning. CONCLUSIONS A very brief self-regulatory nutrition intervention was superior to a control condition. Dietary planning and action control seem to play a major role in the mechanisms that facilitate fruit intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lange
- Health Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Gholami M, Lange D, Luszczynska A, Knoll N, Schwarzer R. A dietary planning intervention increases fruit consumption in Iranian women. Appetite 2012; 63:1-6. [PMID: 23266280 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study examined whether a dietary planning intervention would help increase fruit consumption among Iranian women focusing on self-regulatory mechanisms in behavior change. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare a planning intervention with a control condition in 165 Iranian women (aged 17-48years). Dependent variable was fruit intake, and dietary planning served as the mediator. After baseline assessment (T1) the intervention group received a leaflet on fruit consumption with a planning sheet. Changes were assessed at 3-weeks (T2) and at 3-months follow-ups (T3). Findings showed that the dietary planning intervention led to an increase in fruit intake. Age moderated this mediation. Changes in dietary planning mediated between intervention and fruit consumption in middle aged women. Dietary planning seems to play a role in the mechanism that facilitates fruit intake among Iranian women. This mediation by planning was found in middle aged women (30-48 years old), but not in young adult women (17-29 years old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholami
- Health Psychology Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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16
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Elstgeest LEM, Mishra GD, Dobson AJ. Transitions in living arrangements are associated with changes in dietary patterns in young women. J Nutr 2012; 142:1561-7. [PMID: 22739375 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.158188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Household composition influences people's diet, so typical transitions in young women's lives, including cohabitation, marriage, and motherhood, might be expected to influence their subsequent dietary behavior. The objective was to examine associations between transitions in living arrangements and changes in energy intake and dietary patterns for women in their 20s and 30s using longitudinal data collected in 2003 and 2009. FFQ were collected twice from 6534 women born in 1973-1978 participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Transition groups were defined from changes in their living arrangements. Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Associations between transitions in living arrangements and changes in energy intake and dietary pattern scores were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Women living with children had greater energy intake than other women initially and those who started a family had the greatest increases over time. Five similar dietary patterns were derived from both surveys. Women living in a family at both times had higher scores on the high-fat and sugar, meat, and cooked vegetables patterns and lower scores on the Mediterranean-style and fruit patterns than other women. Women starting a family increased their consumption of the high-fat and sugar, fruit, and cooked vegetables patterns. Women not living with children at both times had increased scores on the Mediterranean-style pattern and decreased scores on the high-fat and sugar and cooked vegetables patterns compared with other women. In conclusion, starting a family is associated with changes in women's diet that are mainly unhealthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liset E M Elstgeest
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Kreausukon P, Gellert P, Lippke S, Schwarzer R. Planning and self-efficacy can increase fruit and vegetable consumption: a randomized controlled trial. J Behav Med 2011; 35:443-51. [PMID: 21822980 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-011-9373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable consumption represents a nutritional goal to prevent obesity and chronic illness. To change dietary behaviors, people must be motivated to do so, and they must translate their motivation into actual behavior. The present experiment aims at the psychological mechanisms that support such changes, with a particular focus on dietary self-efficacy and planning skills. A randomized controlled trial compared a theory-based psychological intervention with a health education session in 114 participants. Dependent variables were fruit and vegetable consumption, intention to consume more fruit and vegetables, planning to consume more, and dietary self-efficacy, assessed before the intervention, 1 week afterwards, and at 6-week follow up. Significant group by time interactions for all four dependent variables documented superior treatment effects for the psychological intervention group, with substantially higher scores at posttest and follow-up for the experimental group, although all students benefited from participation. To identify the contribution of the main intervention ingredients (self-efficacy and planning), regression analyses yielded mediator effects for these two factors. A social-cognitive intervention to improve fruit and vegetable consumption was superior to a knowledge-based education session. Self-efficacy and planning seem to play a major role in the mechanisms that facilitate dietary changes.
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