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Huenul E, Salazar L, Frias D, Videka M, Luna D, Dwyer DM, Figueroa J. Effects of flavour variety on the intake and palatability of commercial feed in nursery pigs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1218198. [PMID: 37711435 PMCID: PMC10498925 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1218198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory-specific satiety (SSS) could negatively affect pigs' feed intake, even when diets satisfy their nutritional requirements. We evaluated the short-term effects of SSS on feed intake and palatability. Thirty-two nursery pigs (tested in pairs) were exposed to short-term feeding trials for 6 days. In Trial 1, animals received for 90 min over three consecutive days three feeders: with different flavours (VAR); the same flavour (MON); or a mixture of the three flavours (MIX) in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. In Trial 2, with the same animals and different flavours, the three feeders were delivered successively (1 feeder every 30 min). In Trial 1, there was a day-by-diet interaction (F 4,36 = 2.98; p = 0.032), where the VAR diet was least consumed on the first day but most consumed subsequently. In Trial 2 a triple interaction between diet, day and delivery order modified pig's intake (F 12,15 = 3.33; p = 0.015), and consumption patterns (F 12,15 = 3.52; p = 0.012); where VAR diet presented the highest values in the last delivery order on the third experimental day. Flavour variety may decrease the effect of SSS, increasing feed intake and hedonic value in nursery pigs when there was a previous experience with those flavours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Huenul
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Laura Salazar
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Research Group, Scotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Frias
- Escuela de Ingeniería y recursos Naturales, Instituto Profesional DuocUC, Santiago, Chile
| | - Milivoy Videka
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Luna
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dominic M. Dwyer
- School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jaime Figueroa
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando, Chile
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Figueroa J, Luna D, Salazar LC, Morales P, Valdivia C, Müller M, Dwyer D. Effects of trial and error and social learning on flavour palatability in nursery pigs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Middelkoop A, Kemp B, Bolhuis JE. Early feeding experiences of piglets and their impact on novel environment behaviour and food neophobia. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chen J, Lei Y, Zhang Y, He S, Liu L, Dong X. Beyond sweetness: The high-intensity sweeteners and farm animals. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Figueroa J, Frías D, Solà-Oriol D, Tadich T, Franco-Rosselló R, Nuñez V, Dwyer DM. Palatability in pigs, the pleasure of consumption1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:2165-2174. [PMID: 30873521 PMCID: PMC6488332 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of hedonic reactions in pig's intake, feed palatability has been typically inferred from preference or acceptance measures. However, these measures are influenced by factors beyond palatability, such as energy density and hunger. The aim of this study was to evaluate palatability responses in pigs to sweet and umami taste at different inclusions levels. Pigs (24 per experiment) were video recorded while exposed in pairs to different sucrose (Exp. 1) or monosodium glutamate (MSG, Exp. 2) solutions over seven consecutive 10 min tests (one concentration per day). In both experiments, palatability was estimated through consumption patterns (consumption time per approaches, CT/A), facial expressions (snout openings and tongue protrusions), and consumption during a brief 2 min period. Data were analyzed by sucrose or MSG concentration. Sucrose concentration affected total intake, producing an inverted-U function and a quadratic relationship with sucrose concentration (P = 0.012). In contrast, CT/A and snout openings showed a dose effect (P < 0.005) with a direct correlation between sucrose concentration and CT/A (R = 0.23, P = 0.033) but not for openings (R = 0.18, P = 0.105) where a quadratic relationship appears (P < 0.001). Tongue protrusions and brief consumption time were not affected by sucrose concentration (P = 0.144 and 0.205, respectively). MSG concentration affected consumption, CT/A, snout openings, and brief consumption time (P < 0.001), with significant (P < 0.001) positive correlations (R = 0.59, 0.56, 0.56, and 0.68), respectively. As with rats, CT/A appears to provide a novel and interesting measure reflecting the palatability of preferred ingredients in pigs. However, brief consumption time and orofacial reactions show less similarity between pigs and rodents. Thus further studies are necessary both to better understand the measurement methods themselves and relationship between hedonic reactions and simple consumption in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Figueroa
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Frías
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Solà-Oriol
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Tamara Tadich
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosa Franco-Rosselló
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Nuñez
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
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Gautier Y, Luneau I, Coquery N, Meurice P, Malbert CH, Guerin S, Kemp B, Bolhuis JE, Clouard C, Le Huërou-Luron I, Blat S, Val-Laillet D. Maternal Western diet during gestation and lactation modifies adult offspring's cognitive and hedonic brain processes, behavior, and metabolism in Yucatan minipigs. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701541. [PMID: 29897815 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the long-term effects of exposure to a maternal Western diet (WD) vs. standard diet (SD) in the Yucatan minipig, on the adult progeny at lean status ( n = 32), and then overweight status. We investigated eating behavior, cognitive abilities, brain basal glucose metabolism, dopamine transporter availability, microbiota activity, blood lipids, and glucose tolerance. Although both groups demonstrated similar cognitive abilities in a holeboard test, WD pigs expressed a higher stress level than did SD pigs (immobility, P < 0.05) and lower performance in an alley maze ( P = 0.06). WD pigs demonstrated lower dopamine transporter binding potential in the hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex ( P < 0.05 for both), as well as a trend in putamen ( P = 0.07), associated with lower basal brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens ( P < 0.05) compared with lean SD pigs. Lean WD pigs demonstrated a lower glucose tolerance than did SD animals (higher glucose peak, P < 0.05) and a tendency to a higher incremental area under the curve of insulin from 0 to 30 minutes after intravenous glucose injection ( P < 0.1). Both groups developed glucose intolerance with overweight, but WD animals were less impacted than SD animals. These results demonstrate that maternal diet shaped the offspring's brain functions and cognitive responses long term, even after being fed a balanced diet from weaning, but behavioral effects were only revealed in WD pigs under anxiogenic situation; however, WD animals seemed to cope better with the obesogenic diet from a metabolic standpoint.-Gautier, Y., Luneau, I., Coquery, N., Meurice, P., Malbert, C.-H., Guerin, S., Kemp, B., Bolhuis, J. E., Clouard, C., Le Huërou-Luron, I., Blat, S., Val-Laillet, D. Maternal Western diet during gestation and lactation modifies adult offspring's cognitive and hedonic brain processes, behavior, and metabolism in Yucatan minipigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yentl Gautier
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Isabelle Luneau
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Nicolas Coquery
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Paul Meurice
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | | | - Sylvie Guerin
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Bas Kemp
- Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Elizabeth Bolhuis
- Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Clouard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Le Huërou-Luron
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Sophie Blat
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
| | - David Val-Laillet
- INRA INSERM, Univ Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), Rennes Saint-Gilles, France
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Abstract
Nutrient-sensing mechanisms have emerged as the fringe articulating nutritional needs with dietary choices. Carbohydrate, amino acid, fatty acid, mineral, and water-sensing receptors are highly conserved across mammals and birds, consisting of a repertoire of 22 genes known to date. In contrast, bitter receptors are highly divergent and have a high incidence of polymorphisms within and between mammals and birds and are involved in the adaptation of species to specific environments. In addition, the expression of nutrient-sensing genes outside the oral cavity seems to mediate the required decision-making dialogue between the gut and the brain by translating exogenous chemical stimuli into neuronal inputs, and vice versa, to translate the endogenous signals relevant to the nutritional status into specific appetites and the control of feed intake. The relevance of these sensors in nondigestive systems has uncovered fascinating potential as pharmacological targets relevant to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeni Roura
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, and School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Simon R. Foster
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
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Roura E, Fu M. Taste, nutrient sensing and feed intake in pigs (130 years of research: then, now and future). Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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9
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Clouard C, Meunier-Salaün MC, Meurice P, Malbert CH, Val-Laillet D. Combined compared to dissociated oral and intestinal sucrose stimuli induce different brain hedonic processes. Front Psychol 2014; 5:861. [PMID: 25147536 PMCID: PMC4124794 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization of brain networks contributing to the processing of oral and/or intestinal sugar signals in a relevant animal model might help to understand the neural mechanisms related to the control of food intake in humans and suggest potential causes for impaired eating behaviors. This study aimed at comparing the brain responses triggered by oral and/or intestinal sucrose sensing in pigs. Seven animals underwent brain single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-HMPAO) further to oral stimulation with neutral or sucrose artificial saliva paired with saline or sucrose infusion in the duodenum, the proximal part of the intestine. Oral and/or duodenal sucrose sensing induced differential cerebral blood flow changes in brain regions known to be involved in memory, reward processes and hedonic (i.e., pleasure) evaluation of sensory stimuli, including the dorsal striatum, prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, insular cortex, hippocampus, and parahippocampal cortex. Sucrose duodenal infusion only and combined sucrose stimulation induced similar activity patterns in the putamen, ventral anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus. Some brain deactivations in the prefrontal and insular cortices were only detected in the presence of oral sucrose stimulation. Finally, activation of the right insular cortex was only induced by combined oral and duodenal sucrose stimulation, while specific activity patterns were detected in the hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex with oral sucrose dissociated from caloric load. This study sheds new light on the brain hedonic responses to sugar and has potential implications to unravel the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying food pleasure and motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Clouard
- INRA, UR1341 Alimentation et Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuses et Comportementales Saint Gilles, France ; INRA, UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Élevage Saint Gilles, France ; Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Élevage Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Meunier-Salaün
- INRA, UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Élevage Saint Gilles, France ; Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Élevage Rennes, France
| | - Paul Meurice
- INRA, UR1341 Alimentation et Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuses et Comportementales Saint Gilles, France
| | | | - David Val-Laillet
- INRA, UR1341 Alimentation et Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuses et Comportementales Saint Gilles, France
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10
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Ochoa M, Malbert CH, Lallès JP, Bobillier E, Val-Laillet D. Effects of chronic intake of starch-, glucose- and fructose-containing diets on eating behaviour in adult minipigs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Scollo A, Gottardo F, Contiero B, Edwards SA. Does stocking density modify affective state in pigs as assessed by cognitive bias, behavioural and physiological parameters? Appl Anim Behav Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Guzmán-Pino SA, Solà-Oriol D, Figueroa J, Pérez JF. Influence of the protein status of piglets on their ability to select and prefer protein sources. Physiol Behav 2014; 129:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Favreau-Peigné A, Calandreau L, Constantin P, Gaultier B, Bertin A, Arnould C, Laurence A, Richard-Yris MA, Houdelier C, Lumineau S, Boissy A, Leterrier C. Emotionality modulates the effect of chronic stress on feeding behaviour in birds. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87249. [PMID: 24498302 PMCID: PMC3911932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a long-lasting negative emotional state that induces negative consequences on animals' psycho-physiological state. This study aimed at assessing whether unpredictable and repeated negative stimuli (URNS) influence feeding behaviour in quail. Sixty-four quail were exposed to URNS from day 17 to 40, while 64 quail were undisturbed. Two lines divergently selected on their inherent emotionality were used to assess the effect of genetic factors on the sensitivity to URNS. All quail were submitted to a sequential feeding procedure (using two diets of different energetic values) which placed them in a contrasting situation. Behavioural tests were performed to assess the emotional reactivity of the two lines. Results confirmed that differences exist between them and that their emotional reactivity was enhanced by URNS. Diet preferences, motivation and daily intake were also measured. URNS did not change the preferences for the hypercaloric diet compared to the hypocaloric diet in choice tests, but they reduced daily intakes in both lines. Motivations for each diet were differently affected by URNS: they decreased the motivation to eat the hypercaloric diet in quail selected for their low inherent fearfulness whereas they increased the motivation to eat the hypocaloric diet in quail selected for their high inherent fearfulness, which suggested a devaluation process in the former and a compensatory behaviour in the later. Growth was furthermore reduced and laying delayed by URNS in both lines. In conclusion, the exposure to URNS induced interesting changes in feeding behaviour added with an increase in emotional reactivity and an alteration of production parameters. This confirms that both lines of quail experienced a chronic stress state. However differences in feed motivation and emotional reactivity between lines under chronic stress suggested that they experienced different emotional state and use different ways to cope with it depending on their genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Favreau-Peigné
- UMR 791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, AgroParisTech, Paris, France
- UMR 791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Calandreau
- UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR 6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Paul Constantin
- UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR 6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Bernard Gaultier
- UE 1295 Pôle d’Expérimentation Avicole de Tours, INRA, Nouzilly, France
| | - Aline Bertin
- UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR 6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Cécile Arnould
- UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR 6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agathe Laurence
- Ethos UMR 6552, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Sophie Lumineau
- Ethos UMR 6552, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Boissy
- UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, St-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Christine Leterrier
- UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR 6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
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Clouard C, Loison F, Meunier-Salaün MC, Val-Laillet D. An attempt to condition flavour preference induced by oral and/or postoral administration of 16% sucrose in pigs. Physiol Behav 2013; 124:107-15. [PMID: 24184509 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the acquisition of conditioned flavour preferences in pigs using the caloric value and/or sweet taste of sucrose. Nine water-deprived juvenile pigs were given four three-day conditioning sessions during which they received flavoured solutions as conditioned stimuli (CS). The CS solutions were paired with three treatments that generated a gustatory and/or a caloric reinforcement (US). The CS++ solution was added with 16% sucrose and paired with an intraduodenal (ID) infusion of water, the CS+ solution was paired with an ID infusion of 16% sucrose and the CS- solution was paired with an ID infusion of water. One and two weeks after conditioning, the water-deprived pigs were subjected to two-choice preference tests with the unreinforced CS solutions. Solutions intake, behavioural activity and some drinking parameters were measured. Despite no difference in CS intake during conditioning, the animals spent less time inactive and more time standing during CS++ than CS+ conditioning. When receiving CS++, the pigs explored the drinking trough more than when receiving CS-. Compared to the CS- condition, the numbers of drinking episodes and intra-drinking episode (IDE) pauses were also 36% and 49% lesser in the CS++ condition, but these differences were not significant. During the two-choice tests, the pigs did not show significant preferences. Nevertheless, during the first session, the pigs seemed to show a slight preference for the CS++ (57% of total intake) compared to CS+. The duration of CS++ drinking episodes represented 64% of the total duration compared to CS+ and CS- . The total time spent drinking the CS++ also represented 57% of the total time in the CS++ vs. CS- test. To conclude, although no clear-cut preferences were found during two-choice tests, the oral perception of 16% sucrose during conditioning induced changes in behavioural activities, motivational responses and microstructure of CS intake, suggesting the importance of oral food perception for food selection processes in pigs. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of water deprivation on the expression of flavour preferences in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Clouard
- INRA, UR1341 Alimentation, Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuses et Comportementales, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France; INRA, UMR1348 Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Élevage, F-35000 Rennes, France
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15
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Figueroa J, Solà-Oriol D, Borda E, Sclafani A, Pérez JF. Flavour preferences conditioned by protein solutions in post-weaning pigs. Physiol Behav 2012; 107:309-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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