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Nasrabadi M, Tavakoli-Anbaran H, Ebrahimibasabi E. Investigation of nano MgO loaded polyvinyl chloride polymer in protective clothing as a nonlead materials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32711. [PMID: 38952365 PMCID: PMC11215292 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, investigation of advanced shielding materials to be used as an alternative to lead apron has become important. In the current study, MgO loaded into PVC matrix as a non-lead modern shielding composite was modeled to evaluate its performance on radiation protective clothing (RPC). Parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), mean free path (MFP), flux buildup factor (FBF), transmission factor (TF) and lead equivalent value (LEV) of samples were calculated using MCNPX Code. The simulation of the MCNP code was validated, by comparing the mass attenuation of concrete sample, with standard XCOM data and very good agreement was attended between XCOM and MC Code results. The MAC of nano and micro-sized samples were also compared with pure PVC and it was found that the nano MgO particle exhibits higher attenuation compared to micro MgO particle and pure PVC. The results show that, the MAC of samples increased to 63.13 % in 1.332 MeV with increasing filler concentration of nano MgO to 50 wt% relative to pure PVC. Investigation of LEV shows that nano MgO sample has more effective than Pb in 1.173 and 1.332 MeV gamma ray energy so that it provides 36.46 % and 11.13 % lighter RPC than Pb ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasrabadi
- Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Miyoshi H, Okuno K. Selective detection of fast and thermal neutrons in mixed-radiation fields using tungsten-silica and gold-iodine-silica nanoparticles and their boron-loaded aqueous dispersions. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 202:111074. [PMID: 37890242 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten-silica and gold-iodine-silica nanoparticles and their boron-loaded aqueous dispersions were used to selectively detect fast and thermal neutrons in mixed-radiation fields generated by a cyclotron on the order of mSv at a neutron flux of 1.0 ×106(neutron/sec∙cm2). The photo-image intensity, fluorescence spectra, absorption spectra, and XRD of their aqueous dispersions were measured immediately and eighteen days after irradiation. The immediate measurements of photo-image intensity and fluorescence spectral area ratios for gold-iodine-silica nanoparticle aqueous dispersions indicated the dose dependence of photo-image intensity and fluorescence spectral area ratios. Measurements of the relative fluorescence and absorption spectral areas of gold-iodine-silica nanoparticle aqueous dispersions 18 days after irradiation also showed similar dose dependences. The precipitates of gold-iodine-silica nanoparticles showed a linear relationship between the XRD peak ratio and the dose with a correlation coefficient of 0.9. The photo-image intensities, fluorescence spectral area, absorption spectral area, and XRD peak ratios were found to be affected by fast and thermal neutrons. Simple methods of fluorescence, absorption, and XRD measurements are proposed for the selective detection of fast and thermal neutrons in mixed-radiation fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Miyoshi
- Advance Radiation Research, Education, And Management Center, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 7708503, Japan.
| | - Koichi Okuno
- Technical Research Institute, Hazama-Ando Co., Ltd., 515-1 Karima, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3050822, Japan
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Palanisami S, Dhandapani VS, Jayachandran V, Muniappan E, Park D, Kim B, Govindasami K. Investigation on Physico Chemical and X-ray Shielding Performance of Zinc Doped Nano-WO 3 Epoxy Composite for Light Weight Lead Free Aprons. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103866. [PMID: 37241493 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This report addresses a way to reduce the usage of highly toxic lead in diagnostic X-ray shielding by developing a cost-effective, eco-friendly nano-tungsten trioxide (WO3) epoxy composite for low-weight aprons. Zinc (Zn)-doped WO3 nanoparticles of 20 to 400 nm were synthesized by an inexpensive and scalable chemical acid-precipitation method. The prepared nanoparticles were subjected to X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence, high-resolution-transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, and the results showed that doping plays a critical role in influencing the physico-chemical properties. The prepared nanoparticles were used as shielding material in this study, which were dispersed in a non-water soluble durable epoxy resin polymer matrix and the dispersed materials were coated over a rexine cloth using the drop-casting method. The X-ray shielding performance was evaluated by estimating the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), mass attenuation coefficient (μm), half value layer (HVL), and X-ray percentage of attenuation. Overall, an improvement in X-ray attenuation in the range of 40-100 kVp was observed for the undoped WO3 nanoparticles and Zn-doped WO3 nanoparticles, which was nearly equal to lead oxide-based aprons (reference material). At 40 kVp, the percentage of attenuation of 2% Zn doped WO3 was 97% which was better than that of other prepared aprons. This study proves that 2% Zn doped WO3 epoxy composite yields a better particle size distribution, μm, and lower HVL value and hence it can be a convenient lead free X-ray shielding apron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevi Palanisami
- Department of Physics, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore 641014, India
| | - Vishnu Shankar Dhandapani
- Department of Electromechanical Convergence Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, Republic of Korea
| | - Varuna Jayachandran
- Department of Physics, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore 641014, India
| | - Elango Muniappan
- Department of Physics, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore 641014, India
| | - Dongkyou Park
- Department of Electromechanical Convergence Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungki Kim
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalpana Govindasami
- Department of Science and Humanities, Tamilnadu College of Engineering, Coimbatore 641659, India
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Shielding performance of multi-metal nanoparticle composites for diagnostic radiology: an MCNPX and Geant4 study. Radiol Phys Technol 2023; 16:57-68. [PMID: 36562940 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-022-00690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lead-free polymer composite shields are used in diagnostic radiology to protect patients from unnecessary radiation exposure. This study aimed to examine and introduce the radiation-shielding properties of single- and multi-metal nanoparticle (NP)-based composites containing Bi, W, and Sn using Geant4, MCNPX, and XCom for radiological applications. The mass attenuation coefficients and effective atomic numbers of single- and multi-metal NP-loaded polymer composites were calculated using the Geant4 and MCNPX simulation codes for X-ray energies of 20-140 keV. The nano-sized fillers inside the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS:C2H6SiO) matrix included W (K = 69.5 keV), Bi (K = 90.5 keV), and Sn (K = 29.20 keV). For single-metal shields, one filler was used, while in multi-metal shields, two fillers were required. The MCNPX and Geant4 simulation results were compared with the XCom results. The multi-metal NP composites exhibited higher attenuation over a larger energy range owing to their attenuation windows. In addition, Bi2O3 + WO3 NPs showed a 39% higher attenuation at 100-140 keV, and that of Bi2O3 + SnO2 NPs was higher at 40-60 keV. Meanwhile, the WO3 + SnO2 NPs exhibited lower attenuation. The difference between the results obtained using Geant4 and XCom was less than 2%, because these codes have similar simulation structures. The results show that the shielding performance of the Bi2O3 + WO3 filler is better than that of the other single- and multi-metal fillers. In addition, it was found that the Geant4 code was more accurate for simulating radiation composites.
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Alwany AB, Youssef GM, Saleh EE, Algradee MA, Alnakhlani A, Hassan B. Effect of lead doping on the structural, optical, and radiation shielding parameters of chemically synthesized ZnS nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2023; 34:233. [DOI: 10.1007/s10854-022-09647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Nagaraj N, Manjunatha H, Vidya Y, Seenappa L, Sridhar K, Damodara Gupta P. Investigations on Lanthanide polymers for radiation shielding purpose. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Thumwong A, Chinnawet M, Intarasena P, Rattanapongs C, Tokonami S, Ishikawa T, Saenboonruang K. A Comparative Study on X-ray Shielding and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Latex Nanocomposites Containing Bi 2O 3 or BaSO 4: Experimental and Numerical Determination. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173654. [PMID: 36080729 PMCID: PMC9460352 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work experimentally determined the X-ray shielding and morphological, density, and tensile properties of sulfur-vulcanized natural rubber latex (SVNRL) nanocomposites containing varying content of nano-Bi2O3 or nano-BaSO4 from 0 to 200 phr in 100 phr increments, with modified procedures in sample preparation to overcome the insufficient strength of the samples found in other reports. The experimental X-ray shielding results, which were numerically verified using a web-based software package (XCOM), indicated that the overall X-ray attenuation abilities of the SVNRL nanocomposites generally increased with increasing filler content, with the 0.25-mm-thick SVNRL films containing 200 phr of the filler providing the highest overall X-ray shielding properties, as evidenced by the highest values of lead equivalence (Pbeq) of 0.0371 mmPb and 0.0326 mmPb in Bi2O3/SVNRL nanocomposites, and 0.0326 mmPb and 0.0257 mmPb in BaSO4/SVNRL nanocomposites, for 60 kV and 100 kV X-rays, respectively. The results also revealed that the addition of either filler increased the tensile modulus at 300% elongation (M300) and density but decreased the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the Bi2O3/SVNRL and BaSO4/SVNRL nanocomposites. In addition, the modified procedures introduced in this work enabled the developed nanocomposites to acquire sufficient mechanical and X-ray shielding properties for potential use as medical X-ray protective gloves, with the recommended content of Bi2O3 and BaSO4 being in the range of 95–140 phr and 105–120 phr, respectively (in accordance with the requirements outlined in ASTM D3578-19 and the value of Pbeq being greater than 0.02 mmPb). Consequently, based on the overall outcomes of this work, the developed Bi2O3/SVNRL and BaSO4/SVNRL nanocomposites show great potential for effective application in medical X-ray protective gloves, while the modified procedures could possibly be adopted for large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkarapol Thumwong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Manchusa Chinnawet
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Preawpraw Intarasena
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chanis Rattanapongs
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Shinji Tokonami
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 0368564, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka 9601295, Japan
| | - Kiadtisak Saenboonruang
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute (KURDI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Special Research Unit of Radiation Technology for Advanced Materials (RTAM), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-562-5555 (ext. 646219)
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Alwany AB, Youssef G, Saleh EE, Samir O, Algradee MA, Alnehia A. Structural, optical and radiation shielding properties of ZnS nanoparticles QDs. OPTIK 2022; 260:169124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.169124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Mirzayev MN, Slavov L, Donkov A, Neov D, Popov E, Demir E, Genov I, Abdurakhimov B, Vladescu A, Biira S, Karaman T, Sharipov Z, Doroshkevich A, Mirzayeva D, Mustafayev I, Mahmudov H, Belova M, Mamedov F, Thang T, Stef M, Mita C. Effects of neutron irradiation at different fluencies on nanosized anatase titanium dioxide. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.109988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Qi Z, Yang Z, Li J, Guo Y, Yang G, Yu Y, Zhang J. The Advancement of Neutron-Shielding Materials for the Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093255. [PMID: 35591589 PMCID: PMC9099936 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the mechanism of neutron absorption and common reinforced particles is introduced, and recent research progress on different types of neutron-shielding materials (borated stainless steels, B/Al Alloy, B4C/Al composites, polymer-based composites, and shielding concrete) for transportation and wet or dry storage of spent fuel is elaborated, and critical performance is summarized and compared. In particular, the most widely studied and used borated stainless steel and B4C/Al composite neutron-absorption materials in the field of spent fuel are discussed at length. The problems and solutions in the preparation and application of different types of neutron-shielding materials for spent fuel transportation and storage are discussed, and their research priorities and development trends are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Qi
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (Y.G.); (J.Z.)
- School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu 843100, China
| | - Zhong Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (Y.G.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jianping Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (Y.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yongchun Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (Y.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Guichun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300192, China;
| | - Yang Yu
- Xi’an Sunward Aeromat Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (Y.G.); (J.Z.)
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Physicomechanical and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Cement Composites with Selected Nano-Sized Oxides and Binary Oxide Systems. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020661. [PMID: 35057378 PMCID: PMC8779094 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the durability of building materials, including those based on cementitious binders. Important aspects of durability include the increase of the strength of the cement matrix and enhancement of material resistance to external factors. The use of nanoadditives may be a way to meet these expectations. In the present study, zinc, titanium and copper oxides, used in single and binary systems (to better the effect of their performance), were applied as additives in cement mortars. In the first part of this work, an extensive physicochemical analysis of oxides was carried out, and in the second, their application ranges in cement mortars were determined. The subsequent analyses were employed in determining the physicochemical properties of pristine oxides: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), measurement of the particle size distribution, as well as zeta potential measurement depending on the pH values. Influence on selected physicomechanical parameters of the cement matrix and resistance to the action of selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were also examined. Our work indicated that all nanoadditives worsened the mechanical parameters of mortars during the first 3 days of hardening, while after 28 days, an improvement was achieved for zinc and titanium(IV) oxides. Binary systems and copper(II) oxide deteriorated in strength parameters throughout the test period. In contrast, copper(II) oxide showed the best antibacterial activity among all the tested oxide systems. Based on the inhibitory effect of the studied compounds, the following order of microbial susceptibility to inhibition of growth on cement mortars was established (from the most susceptible, to the most resistant): E. coli < S. aureus < C. albicans < B. cereus = P. aeruginosa < P. putida.
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Mokhtari K, Saadi MK, Panahi HA, Jahanfarnia G. The shielding properties of the ordinary concrete reinforced with innovative nano polymer particles containing PbO–H3BO3 for dual protection against gamma and neutron radiations. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reda SM, Saleh HM. Calculation of the gamma radiation shielding efficiency of cement-bitumen portable container using MCNPX code. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.104012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Çakıroğlu MA, Kaplan AN, Süzen AA. Experimental and DBN-Based neural network extraction of radiation attenuation coefficient of dry mixture shotcrete produced using different additives. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Understanding the Effect of Introducing Micro- and Nanoparticle Bismuth Oxide (Bi 2O 3) on the Gamma Ray Shielding Performance of Novel Concrete. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216487. [PMID: 34772013 PMCID: PMC8585322 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the radiation shielding properties of novel concrete samples with bulk Bi2O3 and Bi2O3 nanoparticles (Bi2O3 NP) incorporated into its composition. The mass attenuation coefficient of the concrete samples without Bi2O3 and with 5 and 7 wt% bulk Bi2O3 were experimentally determined and were compared against values obtained using the XCOM and Geant4 simulations. Both methods greatly agree with the experimental values. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) of blank concrete (C-0), concrete with 5% bulk Bi2O3 (C-B5), and concrete with 5% nanoparticle Bi2O3 (C-N5) were determined and compared at a wide energy range. We found that the LAC follows the trend of C-0 < C-B5 < C-N5 at all the tested energies. Since both C-B5 and C-N5 have a greater LAC than C-0, these results indicate that the addition of Bi2O3 improves the shielding ability of the concretes. In addition, we investigated the influence of nanoparticle Bi2O3 on the LAC of the concretes. The half-value layer (HVL) for the concretes with bulk Bi2O3 and Bi2O3 nanoparticles is also investigated. At all energies, the C-0 has the greatest HVL, while C-N15 has the least. Thus, C-N15 concrete is the most space efficient, while C-0 is the least space efficient. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) of the prepared concretes was found to decrease with increasing energy for all five samples. For C-0, the RPE decreased from 63.3% at 0.060 MeV to 13.48% at 1.408 MeV, while for C-N15, the RPE decreased from 87.9 to 15.09% for the same respective energies. Additionally, C-N5 had a greater RPE than C-B5, this result demonstrates that Bi2O3 NP are more efficient at shielding radiation than bulk Bi2O3.
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ALMisned G, Akman F, AbuShanab WS, Tekin HO, Kaçal MR, Issa SAM, Polat H, Oltulu M, Ene A, Zakaly HMH. Novel Cu/Zn Reinforced Polymer Composites: Experimental Characterization for Radiation Protection Efficiency (RPE) and Shielding Properties for Alpha, Proton, Neutron, and Gamma Radiations. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183157. [PMID: 34578058 PMCID: PMC8473252 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, brass (Cu/Zn) reinforced polymer composites with different proportions of brass powders were fabricated. Different types of nuclear shielding parameters such as mass and linear attenuation coefficients, radiation protection efficiency, half and tenth value layers, and effective atomic number values were determined experimentally and theoretically in the energy range of 0.060–1.408 MeV in terms of gamma-ray shielding capabilities of fabricated polymer composites. A high Purity Germanium detector (HPGe) in conjunction with a Multi-Channel Analyzer (MCA) and twenty-two characteristic gamma-ray energies have been used in the experimental phase. In addition, the exposure and energy absorption buildup factors of reinforced Cu/Zn composites were calculated, and relative dose distribution values were computed to verify them. Proton mass stopping power (ΨP), proton projected range (ΦP), alpha mass stopping power (ΨA), and alpha projected range (ΦA) parameters, which indicate the interactions of the produced composites with charged particle radiation, were investigated. Fast neutron removal cross-section (ΣR) results were determined to give an idea in terms of neutron shielding. According to the obtained results, it is reported that the CuZn20 coded sample’s ability to attenuate gamma-ray and charged particle radiation is more efficient than that of other prepared composites. A CuZn05 coded sample was found to be more suitable for neutron shielding capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada ALMisned
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - F. Akman
- Program of Occupational Health and Safety, Department of Property Protection and Security, Vocational School of Social Sciences, Bingöl University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;
- Central Laboratory Application and Research Center, Bingöl University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey
| | - Waheed S. AbuShanab
- Marine Engineering Department, Faculty of Maritime Studies and Marine Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Huseyin O. Tekin
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Medical Radiation Research Center (USMERA), Uskudar University, Istanbul 34672, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.O.T.); (A.E.); (H.M.H.Z.)
| | - Mustata R. Kaçal
- Department of Physics, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Giresun University, Giresun 28100, Turkey;
| | - Shams A. M. Issa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71452, Egypt
| | - Hasan Polat
- Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Bingöl University, Bingö 12000, Turkey;
| | - Meral Oltulu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey;
| | - Antoaneta Ene
- INPOLDE Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Physics and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence: (H.O.T.); (A.E.); (H.M.H.Z.)
| | - Hesham M. H. Zakaly
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71452, Egypt
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (H.O.T.); (A.E.); (H.M.H.Z.)
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X-ray / gamma ray radiation shielding properties of α-Bi2O3 synthesized by low temperature solution combustion method. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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On the use of green concrete composite as a nuclear radiation shielding material. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Aygün B, Şakar E, Agar O, Sayyed M, Karabulut A, Singh V. Development of new heavy concretes containing chrome-ore for nuclear radiation shielding applications. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ashoor M, Khorshidi A, Sarkhosh L. Appraisal of new density coefficient on integrated-nanoparticles concrete in nuclear protection. KERNTECHNIK 2021. [DOI: 10.3139/124.190016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The most important material for shielding is concrete in nuclear facilities which performance can be improved by addition some Nanoparticles (NP) at the various concentrations. Nanoparticles, which have a distinctive potential for bio-radiation and shielding of nuclear reactors, are used in many areas due to their special characteristics, which lead to an improvement in the mechanical properties and the pore structure of the concrete shield. The aim of this research was to initiate a novel coefficient (n), experiment to theory density ratio for integrated NP at different nanoparticle concentrations (xnano), established upon purely mathematical viewpoints and some appropriate physical objectives.
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Tyagi G, Singhal A, Routroy S, Bhunia D, Lahoti M. Radiation Shielding Concrete with alternate constituents: An approach to address multiple hazards. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124201. [PMID: 33129018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radiation Shielding Concrete (RSC) is a superior alternative to many conventional and modern shields against gamma and neutron radiation hazards. The present work is the first comprehensive review on utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial byproducts, as constituents of RSC. Such usage enhances the performance, sustainability, and affordability of RSC. Added advantages are the immobilization of wastes and the conservation of natural resources for RSC. The review analyses incorporation of ferrous and non-ferrous slags, mines wastes, plastics, red mud, cathode ray tube's glass, metallic wastes, fly ash, silica fume, and miscellaneous residues. Besides, utilization of fibers, nanoparticles, and calcined clay is investigated. The influence on shielding efficiency is adjudged by scrutinizing changes in parameters such as half-value layer and linear attenuation coefficients. Similarly, variations in mechanical and durability properties are investigated and compared. The underlying responsible factors related to the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of materials and their consequences on RSC's behavior are correlated. In association with alternatives, the advantages, disadvantages, and possible treatment methods are discussed. The country-wise, material-specific, and progressive research trends are revealed to facilitate future work in this upcoming field. Finally, conclusions are drawn with exposition of current bottlenecks and scope of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Tyagi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Anupam Singhal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Srikanta Routroy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Dipendu Bhunia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Mukund Lahoti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
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Al-Rajhi MA, Idriss H, Alaamer AAS, El-Khayatt AM. Gamma / neutron radiation shielding, structural and physical characteristics of iron slag nanopowder. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 170:109606. [PMID: 33571735 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The current study explores the effectiveness of an iron slag nanopowder (ISNP), which prepared from local iron steel industry, against gamma/neutron shielding. The structural and physical characteristics were experimentally determined. The crystal structure, morphology and elemental composition of the ISNP were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). On the other hand, a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study on the γ-ray shielding effectiveness of the ISNP was performed. In which, the experimental results have been validated by comparison with theoretical data which obtained by using the WinXcom program. This paper uses the well-known mathematical relationships to derive many shielding and dosimetry parameters such as effective atomic number and, effective electron density, for photon interaction and photon energy absorption as well as the γ-ray kerma coefficient from the mass attenuation coefficient. The exposure and energy absorption buildup factors have been also calculated. Furthermore, the shielding effectiveness against thermal and fast neutrons has been tested in terms of total macroscopic cross-sections. The results have revealed that the produced ISNP, with crystallite size of 24.5 nm, exhibits good shielding characteristics. Finally, based on this preliminary study, we can have concluded that the iron slag nanoparticles can be suitably used as an effective and safe (lead - free) component for radiation shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Al-Rajhi
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11652, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajo Idriss
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11652, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Aziz S Alaamer
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11652, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M El-Khayatt
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11652, Saudi Arabia.
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Perişanoğlu U, Tekin H, Abouhaswa A, Kavaz E. Structural and nuclear shielding qualities of B2O3–PbO–Li2O glass system with different Ag2O substitution ratios. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Mansouri E, Mesbahi A, Malekzadeh R, Mansouri A. Shielding characteristics of nanocomposites for protection against X- and gamma rays in medical applications: effect of particle size, photon energy and nano-particle concentration. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2020; 59:583-600. [PMID: 32780196 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for many applications. Composites doped with different metal nanoparticles have been suggested as effective shielding materials to replace conventional lead-based materials. The use of concretes as structural and radiation protective material has been influenced by the addition of nanomaterials. Several elements with high atomic number and density, such as lead, bismuth, and tungsten, have the potential to form nanoparticles that offer significant enhancements in the shielding ability of composites. Their performance for a range of particle concentrations, particle sizes, and photon energies have been investigated. This review is an attempt to gather the data published in the literature about the application of nanomaterials in radiation shielding, including the use of polymer composites and concretes for protection against X-rays and gamma radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Mansouri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asghar Mesbahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mansouri
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
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Rashad M, Tekin H, Zakaly HMH, Pyshkina M, Issa SA, Susoy G. Physical and nuclear shielding properties of newly synthesized magnesium oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sayyed M, Mahmoud K, Islam S, Tashlykov O, Lacomme E, Kaky KM. Application of the MCNP 5 code to simulate the shielding features of concrete samples with different aggregates. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Li GL, Zhang QP, Li JL, Zhao XT, Xu WD, Wang MX, Xu DG, Zhou YL. A facile route to prepare lead borate crystals for jointly shielding neutron and gamma rays. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Investigation of fast neutron shielding properties of new polyurethane-based composites loaded with B 4C, BeO, WO 3, ZnO, and Gd 2O 3 micro-and nanoparticles. POLISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/pjmpe-2019-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of the current research was to study the radiation shielding properties of polyurethane-based shielding materials filled with B4C, BeO, WO3, ZnO, and Gd2O3 particles against fast neutrons. The macroscopic cross sections of composites containing micro- and nanoparticles with a diameter of 10 µm and 50 nm were calculated using MCNPX (2.6.0) Monte Carlo code. The results showed that adding nano-scaled fillers to polyurethane matrix increases attenuation properties of neutron shields compared to micro-scaled fillers for intermediate and fast neutrons. Among the studied composites, WO3 and Gd2O3 nano-composites presented higher neutron cross section compared to others.
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Nikbin IM, Shad M, Jafarzadeh GA, Dezhampanah S. An experimental investigation on combined effects of nano-WO3 and nano-Bi2O3 on the radiation shielding properties of magnetite concretes. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2019.103103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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F K, S M, M A H. A Monte Carlo Study on the Shielding Properties of a Novel Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/WO 3 Composite, Against Gamma Rays, Using the MCNPX Code. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:465-472. [PMID: 31531300 PMCID: PMC6709351 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: In recent years, there has been an increased interest toward non-lead radiation shields consisting of small-sized filler particles doped into polymer matrices. In this paper, we study a new polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/WO3 composite in the presence of high-energy gamma photons through simulation via the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation code.
Material and Methods: An MCNP geometry was first designed in the software based on real-life conditions, and the generated geometry was validated by calculating the mass attenuation coefficient and making relative
comparisons with standard tables. Using the lattice card in the MCNP input file, WO3 was considered as a filler dispersed in a PVA polymer at sizes of 10 µm and 30 nm with a weight concentration
of 50 wt%. By defining 106-photons emitted from point sources corresponding to 662, 778, 964, 1112, 1170, 1130 and 1407 keV energy levels, and the F4 tally used to estimate the cell average flux,
the values for mass attenuation coefficient and half-value layer (HVL) were calculated.
Results: The results show that PVA/WO3 composite can be considered to shield X and γ-rays in the mentioned energies. However, nano-WO3 has a better ability to shield in comparison with the micro-WO3 fillers. The differences in attenuation changed at different energy levels, ascribed to the dominance of pair production occurrence and photon interactions in the composite, which was in good agreement with previous studies.
Conclusion: Our finding showed that the composite can be considered as a lead-free shielding material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazemi F
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Malekie S
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hosseini M A
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Nikbin IM, Mohebbi R, Dezhampanah S, Mehdipour S, Mohammadi R, Nejat T. Gamma ray shielding properties of heavy-weight concrete containing Nano-TiO2. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Gamma ray attenuation of hafnium dioxide- and tungsten trioxide-epoxy resin composites. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Malekzadeh R, Mehnati P, Sooteh MY, Mesbahi A. Influence of the size of nano- and microparticles and photon energy on mass attenuation coefficients of bismuth-silicon shields in diagnostic radiology. Radiol Phys Technol 2019; 12:325-334. [PMID: 31385155 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-019-00529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the particle size of the shielding material and photon energy has significant effects on the efficiency of radiation-shielding materials. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the shielding properties of the bismuth-silicon (Bi-Si) composite containing varying percentages of micro- and nano-sized Bi particles for low-energy X-rays. Radiation composite shields composed of nano- and micro-sized Bi particles in Si-based matrix were constructed. The mass attenuation coefficients of the designed shields were experimentally assessed for diagnostic radiology energy range. In addition, the mass attenuation coefficients of the composite were comprehensively investigated using the MCNPX Monte Carlo (MC) code and XCOM. The X-ray attenuation for two different micro-sized Bi composites of radii of 50 µm and 0.50 µm showed enhancement in the range of 37-79% and 5-24%, respectively, for mono-energy photons (60-150 keV). Furthermore, the experimental and MC results indicated that nano-structured composites had higher photon attenuation properties (approximately 11-18%) than those of micro-sized samples for poly-energy X-ray photons. The amount of radiation attenuation for lower energies was more than that of higher energies. Thus, it was found that the shielding properties of composites were considerably strengthened by adding Bi nano-particles for lower energy photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Medical Radiation Sciences Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parinaz Mehnati
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousefi Sooteh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asghar Mesbahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Medical Physics Department, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Street, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ashoor M, Khorshidi A, Sarkhosh L. Introducing a novel coefficient on mixed-nanoparticles material: relationship between the theoretical and experimental densities. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02056. [PMID: 31334379 PMCID: PMC6617104 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) indicating a unique potential in bioradiation and nuclear reactor shielding are employed in many fields due to their particular specifications leading improving the mechanical properties as well as pore structure of the concrete-shield. The aim was to introduce a novel coefficient ( ξ ), namely the experimental to theoretical density ratio for mixed-NPs material at various nanoparticles percent concentrations (ω n a n o ) based on pure mathematical aspects along with the some suitable physical purposes by Monte Carlo method. The change in the mixture density to the change inω n a n o is always proportional to theω n a n o value. The density will become maximum at theω n a n o ∗ in which the physical, morphological and chemical features of NPs along with the amounts of voids in the material have a key role over estimating porosity percentage. The NPs' separation probability as born-cascaded-pairs towards very small radii may be formulated as ξ - ξ - 1 + ω n a n o ∗ + k ' ' | ω n a n o - ω n a n o ∗ | = k ' wherek ' andk ' ' are constant values. In conclusion, the theoretical results may be experimentally used in future work for different applications such as designing shield at a nuclear facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Ashoor
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Khorshidi
- School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Leila Sarkhosh
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran
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Kavaz E. An experimental study on gamma ray shielding features of lithium borate glasses doped with dolomite, hematite and goethite minerals. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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MC safe bunker designing for an 18 MV linac with nanoparticles included primary barriers and effect of the nanoparticles on the shielding aspects. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2019; 24:363-368. [PMID: 31194189 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to design a safe bunker for an 18 MV linac in to configuration; primary barriers made from nanoparticle-containing concrete and pure concrete. Background Application of some nanoparticles in the shielding materials has been studied and it was shown that the presence of some nanoparticles improved radiation shielding properties. Materials and methods Some percentage of different nanoparticles were modeled by the MCNP5 code of MC in the megavoltage radiotherapy treatment room's primary barriers. Other parts of the designed room, such as secondary barriers and maze door, were modeled as ordinary pure concrete. A safe bunker was designed according to the MC derived spectra at primary and secondary barriers location using a modeled and benchmarked 18 MV linac in free air. Then, the thickness of the required shielding materials for the door and also concrete for the walls and primary barriers were calculated separately. Results According to the results, required concrete thickness in primary and secondary barriers was reduced by around 0.8% compared to pure concrete application. Additionally, required lead and BPE decreased by 25% and 15%, respectively, due to primary barriers nanoparticles. Conclusions It was concluded that application of some nanoparticles in the shielding materials structures in megavoltage radiotherapy can make the shielding effective.
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Li Q, Wei Q, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Okosi N, Wang Z, Su M. Enhanced Radiation Shielding with Conformal Light-Weight Nanoparticle-Polymer Composite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:35510-35515. [PMID: 30221927 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article reports a new property enabled by nanoparticles, where bismuth nanoparticles added in a polymer matrix can block X-ray radiation several times more efficient than microparticles at the same mass ratio. Bismuth nanoparticles are made with cellulose nanofibers and dispersed evenly into a polymer. A four time reduction in the mass of bismuth material is identified at 2% mass ratio when nanoparticles (5 nm in diameter) are used in composite to shield a given flux and energy of radiation, in relative to those of microparticles (5 μm diameter). The enhancement in radiation shielding is primarily attributed to close packing of nanoparticles normal to incoming X-ray direction, which is enabled by strong affinity of nanoparticles to interstitial space of cellulose nanofibers and even distribution of nanoparticles inside polymer. Given its low cost, light weight, and structure conformability, bismuth nanoparticle-polymer composite will find its use in a wide range of fields related to personal radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxuan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Qilin Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Yiting Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Nsikak Okosi
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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Gamma radiation shielding properties of the hematite-serpentine concrete blended with WO3 and Bi2O3 micro and nano particles using MCNPX code. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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