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Ran Z, Wei J, Yang G, Yang C. Prevalence of social isolation in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 58:87-97. [PMID: 38781629 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Social isolation has become a global issue among the elderly, posing serious challenges to both social and public health. We assessed the prevalence of elderly social isolation and its related factors. Eight electronic databases were searched up to June 28th, 2023. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using Stata 16.0. The results showed that the incidence of social isolation in the elderly was 33 % [95 % CI (0.28, 0.38)]. The subgroup analysis revealed that people over 80, with a sample size under 500, assessed using the Lubben Social Network scale and Social Network Index scale, experienced higher social isolation, especially if they were living alone and lacked higher education. It is suggested to pay attention to the psychological well-being of elderly individuals living alone and lacking a high level of education. Early screening could help reduce the incidence of social isolation, and hence its implications, among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrong Ran
- Master's Degree, Nursing Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiajia Wei
- Undergraduate Degree, Nursing Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guangjin Yang
- Undergraduate Degree, Nursing Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chanjuan Yang
- Master's Degree, Nursing Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, PR China.
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Chen M, Cao X, Wang A, Zhu Y, Lu G, Zhang L, Shen L. A global perspective on risk factors for social isolation in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 116:105211. [PMID: 37837787 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Older people's physical and mental health are now significantly impacted by social isolation, a major threat to public health. Our goal was to identify the connections between risk factors and social isolation among this population across various geographic areas. METHODS Seven databases were thoroughly searched, from their inception until April 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to choose the studies. For the included cross-sectional studies, we used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to assess the probability of bias, and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the cohort studies. The statistical analysis was performed using STATA 15 to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI. RESULTS All 3043 papers were carefully examined, and 42 satisfied the criteria for inclusion. The results indicated that multi-domain risk factors and social isolation among older persons worldwide are significantly correlated. These multi-domain risk factors included biological factors, socioeconomic factors, and psychological and behavioral factors. It is also important to note that these factors may vary from region to region. CONCLUSION Many domain factors were linked to social isolation in older individuals living in communities throughout the world. To develop effective strategies for controlling social isolation, it is crucial to conduct assessments of social isolation risk factors in local communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqian Chen
- Department of Scientific Research, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China; School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Afeng Wang
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Guanzhen Lu
- Department of Scientific Research, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China; School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, 1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University,759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Fernández-Dávila Jara P, Tereucán Angulo J, Rodríguez Martín V. Loneliness among Chilean indigenous women: Family, community, and socio-cultural integration as protective factors. J Women Aging 2023; 35:526-541. [PMID: 36972167 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2023.2189505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the incidence of loneliness among Chilean indigenous older adult women (106 Aymara and 180 Mapuche) and how family, community and socio-cultural integration are associated with lower levels of loneliness. A cross-sectional study involving 800 older adults living in a rural context in Chile, of whom 35.8% were indigenous women. The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS-6) were used to assess loneliness and a questionnaire about the maintenance of certain indigenous cultural practices was created. The descriptive findings indicate more loneliness among Mapuche women. Moreover, hierarchical regression models confirmed that women who did not live alone, who participated in social groups and who maintained cultural practices reported lower levels of loneliness, with notable transmission of indigenous knowledge to their children. While, taking part in the indigenous New Year, leading or organizing a ceremony and receiving attention with a health cultural agent were associated with more loneliness. These seemingly contradictory findings are discussed and may be explained by religious changes in indigenous communities; however, this study would confirm that social integration in different dimensions is a protective factor against loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Gallardo-Peralta
- Department of Social Work and Social Service, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Social Work, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Fernández-Dávila Jara
- Faculty of Social Work. Department of Social Work and Social Service, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vicenta Rodríguez Martín
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Factors Associated With Social Isolation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:322-330.e6. [PMID: 36549651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social isolation is a global health issue that affects older adults throughout their lives. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with social isolation in older adults. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 60 years and older. METHODS We searched for observational studies without language restrictions in 11 databases from inception to August 2022. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated using the R software (version 4.2.1). The modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias. RESULTS Eighteen factors were grouped into 5 themes. The following 13 factors were statistically significant: (1) demographics theme: aged 80 years and older (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.20-4.85), less than or equal to a high school degree (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.44-1.97), smoking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.18-1.73), and male (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01-1.89); (2) environment theme: low social support (OR: 7.77; 95% CI: 3.45-17.50) and no homeownership (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.25-1.51); (3) role theme: no social participation (OR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.30-7.80) and no spouse (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.37-4.99); (4) physical health: hearing loss (OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.54-5.01), activities of daily living impairment (OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.57-3.61), and poor health status (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.32-1.74); and (5) mental health: cognitive decline (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.40-2.45) and depression (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.21-2.44). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Social isolation in older adults is associated with various factors. Hence, focused intervention should be adopted for older adults. In addition, further longitudinal studies are required to confirm a direct link between multiple factors and social isolation.
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Vélez-Álvarez C, Sánchez-Palacio N, Betancurth-Loaiza DP. [Quarantine by COVID-19 in a health professional: psychological, social and family dimensions]. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2023; 22:164-168. [PMID: 36753106 DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v22n2.86663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the psychological, social and family dimensions of a health professional quarantined by COVID-19. METHOD Case report. A matrix was used as a daily log to collect information from the three dimensions analyzed. The anonymity of the person was respected at all times. RESULTS A case study is presented with the main milestones in the daily life of a health professional during the 14 days of quarantine. In the psychological dimension, feelings of fear and uncertainty in the face of risk are highlighted, in the social dimension the importance of the accompaniment of family and friends who strengthened the adaptability to the process stands out, and in the family dimension the relevance of affective bonds and permanent communication. CONCLUSION The aspects developed in the different dimensions should be considered by those who participate in the management and follow-up of cases in primary care, as they are the possibility of strengthening the neuronal and hormonal mechanism through family and social support. Being a health professional and having knowledge on the subject can generate a greater effect of involuntary isolation related to the risk of COVID-19. This is not only clinical, but also psychological, social and family. In this sense those who manage the cases should consider the integrality in health conditions.
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Sánchez-Moreno E, Rodríguez Rodríguez V, García Martín M. [Studying loneliness and social support networks among older people: a systematic review in Europe.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202301006. [PMID: 36700292 PMCID: PMC10540907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the ageing process the loss of family and social relationships is frequent which conditions loneliness, similarly the current COVID-19 pandemic has generated more social limitations in this age group and has increased the risk factors to trigger feelings of loneliness. This paper aimed to examine how loneliness among older people had been studied in Europe over the last ten years. Specific objectives were: i) to describe the methodological aspects; ii) to identify the scales or questions for the assessment of loneliness; iii) what were the main variables or dimensions that were related to loneliness in old age. METHODS A total of 1,591 articles were found in WoS and Scopus digital platforms. After initial assessment of titles and abstracts, full text reading and review of the established criteria, 42 scientific articles were finally included in the systematic review. RESULTS The countries that had carried out the most studies were the Netherlands and Spain. Most of the research was quantitative and uses the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale. The most analysed variables were: marital status, household structure, social support networks, social participation, depression, health problems, co-morbidity and physical functioning. CONCLUSIONS The scientific interest in studying loneliness, with a focus on social support networks, in older people in Europe and strategically addressing loneliness as a public health problem is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P. Gallardo-Peralta
- Facultad de Trabajo Social, Universidad Complutense de MadridUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Esteban Sánchez-Moreno
- Instituto Universitario de Desarrollo y Cooperación (IUDC-UCM), Universidad Complutense de MadridUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Vicente Rodríguez Rodríguez
- Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMadridSpain
| | - María García Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Desarrollo y Cooperación (IUDC-UCM), Universidad Complutense de MadridUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Gálvez-Nieto JL, Fernández-Dávila P, Veloso-Besio C. Loneliness and Psychosocial Resources among Indigenous and Afro-Descendant Older People in Rural Areas of Chile. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2138. [PMID: 36767507 PMCID: PMC9915889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: loneliness is a problem that becomes increasingly acute in old age, with greater repercussions among socially disadvantaged groups such as indigenous and Afro-descendant older adults. The aim of this research is to analyze the psychosocial variables related to loneliness in old age. (2) Methods: a multi-ethnic sample was involved, with the participation of eight indigenous peoples and Afro-descendant tribal people (n = 1.348). Various gerontological scales previously validated among the Chilean population (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Brief Resilient Coping Scale, Health Problems Questionnaire, and Family APGAR questionnaire) and a model are contrasted, establishing the relationship between psychosocial variables and loneliness. (3) Results: Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed the existence of indirect relationships between health problems, via family functioning and resilience, and loneliness. Resilience and family functioning were directly related to loneliness (WLSMV-χ2 (df = 345) = 875.106, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.992; TLI = 0.991; RMSEA = 0.034 [C.I. 90% = 0.031-0.037]). (4) Conclusions: loneliness has cross-culturally affected older Chilean people living in rural areas and it appears that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on well-being. This study proves that loneliness is related to several psychosocial variables that can be intervened.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Fernández-Dávila
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Hernández‐Ascanio J, Perula‐de Torres LÁ, Rich‐Ruiz M, González‐Santos J, Mielgo‐Ayuso J, González‐Bernal J. Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling elders: A randomized clinical trial. Nurs Open 2023; 10:48-60. [PMID: 35751180 PMCID: PMC9748110 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN A cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial. METHODS A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group. The intervention consisted of 6 home-based face-to-face sessions, intercalated with 5 telephone calls and was conducted by nursing students and volunteer staff with experience in the subject. The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019. In terms of statistical analysis, several procedures were carried out: a statistical analysis per protocol and intention to treat, considering isolation, loneliness and quality of life as endpoints; a comparison of paired means, to analyse the behaviour of the outcome variables at baseline and the end of the study; and finally, a binary logistic regression analysis, considering social support as a dependent variable. RESULTS The study results do not show the effectiveness of the modified CARELINK programme, analysed as a whole, on the decrease in social isolation or loneliness or the improvement in HRQL. However, a detailed analysis of the behaviour of some of the variables during the study indicates some results that deserve to be commented on. Comparing the mean confidential support scores between the experimental and control group at the initial and final stages shows significant differences in the analysis by protocol, and close to statistical significance in the analysis by intention to treat. Comparing the paired means obtained in the experimental group, an improvement in emotional loneliness scores was found. Finally, the variables associated with the social support of the subjects at the end of the follow-up period were as follows: having people who help them and mobility. CONCLUSION Although the results obtained do not allow us to affirm that the intervention programme is effective, these same results point to improved confidential support and emotional loneliness in older adults participating in the intervention. Having people to help them and a greater degree of mobility are factors favouring the decrease in social isolation. IMPACT This study suggested that modified CARELINK, a multicomponent intervention performed by trained volunteers, could improve confidential support in community-dwelling older adults. It also reports the importance of considering the level of mobility and support networks as determinants of the improvement caused by the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Hernández‐Ascanio
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
| | - Luis Ángel Perula‐de Torres
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
- Family and Community Medicine Unit of the Cordoba‐Guadalquivir Health DistrictCórdobaSpain
| | - Manuel Rich‐Ruiz
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES)Health Institute Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Rodríguez-Álvaro M, Fernández-Gutiérrez DÁ, Cabeza-Mora A, Barrios-Torres R, Brito-Brito PR. Care Needs of Highly Complex Chronic Patients in the Canary Islands: An Observational Study. NURSING REPORTS 2022; 13:1-16. [PMID: 36648975 PMCID: PMC9844377 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the impact of chronic health conditions on health systems, as well as on the quality of life, frailty, and dependence of those affected, has been brought to light. The objective of this study was to describe the population care needs of highly complex chronic patients (HCCPs). METHODS An epidemiological observational study was conducted. RESULTS A total of 13,262 patients were identified, 51% of which were elderly women. Among all patients, 84.4% had received a nursing assessment related to health patterns. Three diagnoses were established in 25% of the sample: readiness for enhanced health management, impaired skin integrity, and risk for falls. There were significant differences according to age, most importantly in terms of impaired skin integrity (39% of patients under 80 years old). Risk for falls, social isolation, situational low self-esteem, chronic low self-esteem, impaired home maintenance, anxiety, ineffective health management, ineffective coping, impaired memory, insomnia, and self-care deficits were more common in those living alone. A total of 37 diagnoses featured differences according to frailty/dependence. Approximately 23% of HCCPs suffered from frail elderly syndrome. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the most common care needs of HCCPs, describing the sociodemographic profile of this part of the population. The planning of HCCP care varies in nature. Factors such as the dependence level and frailty of these people should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Rodríguez-Álvaro
- The Canary Islands Health Service, Nursing Department, Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Domingo Ángel Fernández-Gutiérrez
- The Canary Islands Health Service, Nursing Department, Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio Cabeza-Mora
- Primary Care Management of Gran Canaria, The Canary Islands Health Service, 35006 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rosario Barrios-Torres
- Primary Care Management of Gran Canaria, The Canary Islands Health Service, 35006 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Ruymán Brito-Brito
- The Canary Islands Health Service, Nursing Department, Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Ibáñez-del Valle V, Corchón S, Zaharia G, Cauli O. Social and Emotional Loneliness in Older Community Dwelling-Individuals: The Role of Socio-Demographics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16622. [PMID: 36554512 PMCID: PMC9779629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social determinants have a major influence on individuals' health, and among them, loneliness has an important impact on the health of the elderly. OBJECTIVES The aims were to determine loneliness and its social and emotional components in a sample of elderly people and to assess its prevalence and associations with sociodemographic variables. METHODS Analytical, cross-sectional, observational research was carried out based on a population over 60 years of age in Valencia (Spain). Loneliness was assessed with the De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale. RESULTS Five-hundred and thirty community-dwelling individuals participated. The mean age of the sample was 72.7 years (84.2% women); 36.2% suffered from moderate loneliness and 6.6% suffered from extreme loneliness. The sociodemographic variables most significantly related to loneliness were being single, separated, or divorced (p < 0.01). Among widowers, loneliness was inversely associated with years of widowhood (p < 0.01). Having sons/daughters was a significant protective factor (p < 0.05), while having grandchildren or siblings did not have a significant influence. The ability to walk and smartphone and video call use were not associated with loneliness. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of unwanted loneliness in community-dwelling individuals, and some social factors play an important role. Interventions against loneliness among older people are a priority for welfare and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ibáñez-del Valle
- Frailty Research Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Corchón
- Frailty Research Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgiana Zaharia
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Cauli
- Frailty Research Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Ruiz-Comellas A, Valmaña GS, Catalina QM, Baena IG, Mendioroz Peña J, Roura Poch P, Sabata Carrera A, Cornet Pujol I, Casaldàliga Solà À, Fusté Gamisans M, Saldaña Vila C, Vázquez Abanades L, Vidal-Alaball J. Effects of Physical Activity Interventions in the Elderly with Anxiety, Depression, and Low Social Support: A Clinical Multicentre Randomised Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10112203. [PMID: 36360543 PMCID: PMC9690598 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The percentage of older people is increasing worldwide. Loneliness and anxious−depressive states are emerging health conditions in this population group, and these conditions give rise to higher morbidity and mortality. Physical activity (PA) and social relationships have been linked to physical and mental health. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a 4-month programme of moderate PA in a group would improve the emotional state, levels of social support, and quality of life in a sample of individuals >64 years of age. A multicentre randomised clinical trial was designed in primary care. Ninety (90) participants were selected. After the intervention, there were positive differences between the groups, with significant improvements in the intervention group (IG) in depression, anxiety, health status perception, and social support. Walking in a group two days per week for 4 months reduced clinical depression and anxiety by 59% and 45%, respectively. The level of satisfaction was very high, and adherence was high. In conclusion, the moderate group PA programme improved clinical anxiety, depression, social support, and perceptions of health status in the patients studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ruiz-Comellas
- Primary Care Center (PCC) Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, 08250 Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, Spain
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Institut Català de la Salut, 08272 Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Central Catalonia Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Vic–Universidad Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Glòria Sauch Valmaña
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Institut Català de la Salut, 08272 Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Central Catalonia Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Queralt Miró Catalina
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Institut Català de la Salut, 08272 Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Central Catalonia Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Vic–Universidad Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Isabel Gómez Baena
- Primary Care Center (PCC) Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, 08250 Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, Spain
| | - Jacobo Mendioroz Peña
- Spain Epidemiological Surveillance and Response to Public Health Emergencies Service, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Roura Poch
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Vic–Universidad Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Consorci Sanitari de Vic, Vic Hospital, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Carme Saldaña Vila
- Primary Care Center (PCC) Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, 08250 Sant Joan de Vilatorrada, Spain
| | - Lorena Vázquez Abanades
- Central Catalonia Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal-Alaball
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Institut Català de la Salut, 08272 Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Central Catalonia Research Support Unit, Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute for Research in Primary Health Care Foundation, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Vic–Universidad Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain
- PCCNavàs, 08670 Navàs, Spain
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García C, Moreno L, Alacreu M, Muñoz FJ, Martínez LA. Addressing Psychosocial Factors in Cognitive Impairment Screening from a Holistic Perspective: The DeCo-Booklet Methodology Design and Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12911. [PMID: 36232215 PMCID: PMC9565987 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI), an intermediate phase between the decline in physiological cognition and dementia, is known to be mediated by a variety of risk and protective factors, with age being the most influential of these. The multifactorial nature of CI and the worldwide phenomenon of an aging population makes decoupling old age from disease through the concept of healthy aging (HA) a matter of major interest. Focusing on psychosocial variables and psychological constructs, here we designed and piloted a data collection booklet (DeCo-B) to assess CI and HA from a holistic perspective. The DeCo-B comprises six sections: sociodemographic factors, CI, meaning in life, psychosocial factors, health problems, and lifestyle. The estimated prevalence of CI and HA in our cohort were 24.4% and 6.6%, respectively. Spearman correlations mainly identified pairwise associations between the meaning in life domains and psychosocial variables. Moreover, age, marital status, purpose in life, resilience, chronic pain, cognitive reserve, and obstructive sleep apnea were significantly associated with an increased risk of CI. Our results showed that DeCo-B is a suitable tool for researching how modifiable risk and protective factors influence cognitive status. The complex interrelationships between variables should be further investigated and, for practical reasons, the questionnaire should be optimized in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García
- Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Community Pharmacist, 02161 Albacete, Spain
| | - Lucrecia Moreno
- Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Alacreu
- Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis A. Martínez
- Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Community Pharmacist, 02161 Albacete, Spain
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Situation of the Elderly Living Alone: Morbidity and Services Provided from the Field of Primary Health Care of Gran Canaria. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101861. [PMID: 36292307 PMCID: PMC9601336 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly suffer a greater number of health problems and have greater need for assistance and care. (1) Background: to determine the profile of the elderly who live alone, identified according to the Primary Care Health Record of Gran Canaria, and to analyze the sociodemographic data of the target population and determine the characteristics related to morbidity. (2) Methods: descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the Primary Health Care Management of Gran Canaria. The study population was all adults over 65 years of age living alone. The instrument used was the Drago-Electronic Health Record. Data analysis was carried out using RStudio version 1.1.447 software, and descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were carried out using the Chi-square values, T-test for independent samples, and ANOVA. (3) Results: The sample amounted to 8679 subjects, predominantly female sex (86.14%) and with a mean age of 79.4 years. Of the sample, 6.4% lived alone. Based on the classification by Adjusted Morbidity Groups (AMG), subjects with “moderate complications” predominated at 45.5%. (4) Conclusions: It is necessary to implement this type of stratification tool, which allows interventions to be carried out in elderly people at risk.
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Zazo Yuan A, Delas Amat J. [Loneliness in non-institutionalized elderly patients]. Aten Primaria 2022; 54:102461. [PMID: 36116358 PMCID: PMC9483735 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Zazo Yuan
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | - Jordi Delas Amat
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, Grupo Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España
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Hernández-Ascanio J, Perula-de Torres LÁ, Rich-Ruiz M, Roldán-Villalobos AM, Perula-de Torres C, Ventura Puertos PE. [Determinants for addressing social isolation and loneliness of non-institutionalized older adults from Primary Health Care]. Aten Primaria 2021; 54:102218. [PMID: 34864366 PMCID: PMC8646132 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2021.102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Identificar los principales condicionantes que los profesionales de atención primaria indican a la hora de implementar y desarrollar intervenciones sobre el aislamiento y la soledad. Diseño Investigación cualitativa con análisis Sistemático de Teoría Fundamentada y Diseño narrativo de tópicos. Emplazamiento Desarrollada en 13 centros de atención primaria del Distrito Sanitario Córdoba y Guadalquivir, abarcando zonas urbanas y rurales. Participantes Se identificaron 3 perfiles: medicina de familia/atención comunitaria, enfermería comunitaria y enfermería de gestión de casos. La selección se llevó a cabo entre aquellos que mostraron mayor motivación y compromiso con una intervención sobre aislamiento/soledad. Método Muestreo intencional. El trabajo se fundamentó en entrevistas en profundidad individuales, en grupos focales y entrevistas dialógicas. Resultados a) Persisten imágenes deformadas sobre la soledad/aislamiento social y el vivir solo que dificultan su identificación; b) Los principales determinantes disruptivos en la estructura y organización del sistema de atención tienen que ver con la ausencia de programas de detección, la hegemonía del modelo biomédico y el déficit de recursos (a la luz de este modelo); c) Los principales facilitadores se vinculan con el rol enfermero, privilegiado para estas intervenciones según los participantes; y, finalmente, d) Es necesario contar con componentes personales, tanto de la persona mayor como de los profesionales. Conclusiones La intervención sobre el aislamiento social y la soledad en atención primaria está condicionada por factores, organizacionales y estructurales, profesionales y personales. Contar con ellos es fundamental a la hora de garantizar su factibilidad.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel Rich-Ruiz
- Universidad de Córdoba; IMIBIC; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES); INVESTEN-ISCIII.
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Hernández Gómez MA, Fernández Domínguez MJ, Sánchez Sánchez NJ, Blanco Ramos MÁ, Perdiz Álvarez MC, Castro Fernández P. Soledad y envejecimiento. REVISTA CLÍNICA DE MEDICINA DE FAMILIA 2021. [DOI: 10.55783/rcmf.140305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo del estudio es conocer la prevalencia de soledad y aislamiento social en mayores de 65 años en Ourense y sus factores asociados.
Métodos: estudio descriptivo trasversal, muestra aleatoria de personas mayores de 65 años a las que se realizó una entrevista entre junio de 2010 y junio de 2011. Tamaño muestral: 486 pacientes (soledad estimada del 35%). Se administró la escala OARS-MFAQ (Olders American Resource and Services Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire), que recoge variables sociodemográficas, recursos sociales, económicos, salud física, mental y la capacidad para llevar a cabo actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) y actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD). Se les hizo la pregunta «¿Se encuentra usted sola/solo?», con cuatro posibles respuestas: siempre, a menudo, casi nunca, nunca.
Resultados: se entrevistó a 572 personas de una edad media de 79 años (desviación estándar [DE]: 6,79). Soledad: 32,7%; vive sola/solo: 17%; sin contacto semanal: 18,9%; aislamiento social: 1,4%. Fueron factores asociados a la percepción de soledad: ser mujer, tener pensión y nivel educativo bajos, depresión, deterioro cognitivo, pérdida de visión, dependencia para las AVBD, tomar psicofármacos en los 6 meses previos y la necesidad de mejoras en la vivienda. La práctica de ejercicio regular constituyó un factor protector.
Conclusiones: la soledad en nuestra población es similar a la descrita en otros ámbitos, se asocia a desigualdad de género, factores sociales y demográficos, depresión y deterioro cognitivo. Los profesionales de Atención Primaria deben identificarla y abordarla.
Palabras clave: soledad, personas mayores, aislamiento social, promoción de la salud, condicionantes sociales de la salud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Adelaida Hernández Gómez
- Doctora en Medicina. Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Centro de Salud Novoa Santos-Ourense. Servicio Galego de Saúde. Ourense (España)
| | - María José Fernández Domínguez
- Doctora en Medicina. Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Centro de Salud de Leiro-Ribadavia. Servicio Galego de Saúde. Ourense (España)
| | - Néstor Javier Sánchez Sánchez
- Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Centro de Salud de Maceda. Servicio Galego de Saúde. Ourense (España)
| | - Manuel Ángel Blanco Ramos
- Doctor en Medicina. Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Director ejecutivo de Government Affairs & Market Access en Organon. Madrid (España)
| | - María Celsa Perdiz Álvarez
- Trabajadora social. Doctora en Psicopedagogía. Centro de Salud Novoa Santos-Ourense. Servicio Galego de Saúde. Ourense (España)
| | - Pedro Castro Fernández
- Estudiante en la Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela. A Coruña (España)
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Kim MH, An JH, Lee HR, Jeong SH, Hwang SJ, Hong JP. Social Isolation, Loneliness and Their Relationships with Mental Health Status in South Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:652-660. [PMID: 34265197 PMCID: PMC8328830 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the prevalence and psychological impact of social isolation and loneliness in South Korea. Loneliness and social isolation have been regarded as a risk to both physical and mental health. However, most studies have focused on the elderly; hence, there are limited studies on the characteristics of socially isolated or lonely people considering age. METHODS A sample of 1,700 participants was selected from three major cities in South Korea. In-person interviews were conducted to evaluate loneliness, social isolation and mental health status. RESULTS Among the participants, the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness was 17.8% and 4.1%, respectively. Males decreased the odds of loneliness (AOR 0.49, 95% CI=0.28-0.87), while increasing the odds of social isolation (AOR 1.44, 95% CI=1.12-1.86) after adjusting for age and sex. Greater depressive and social phobic symptoms were associated with increased odds of loneliness and social isolation. CONCLUSION Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent among Koreans and associated with depression, social phobic symptoms, and suicidality. This study provides a foundation for further research to investigate nationwide prevalence and a more in-depth analysis of loneliness and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun An
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pérez-Fuentes MDC, Herrera-Peco I, Jurado MDMM, Oropesa NF, Gázquez Linares JJ. Predictors of Threat from COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Spanish Population. J Clin Med 2021; 10:692. [PMID: 33578923 PMCID: PMC7916724 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the first measures for fighting the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is social isolation or quarantine. The perceived threat from COVID-19 in this situation, maintained over time, generates uncertainty and fears, etc., which could lead to mental disorders in the population. This study evaluated the perceived threat from COVID-19 in the Spanish population. The study design was cross-sectional and observational. The sample of 1014 participants recruited in Spain had a mean age of 40.87 (SD = 12.42). The gender distribution was 67.2% (n = 681) women and 32.8% (n = 333) men. Data were collected with an online survey. The instrument used was the Perception of Threat from COVID-19 Questionnaire, validated for the Spanish population. Our data showed a clear correlation between perceived threat with female gender, having children in one's care and level of education. However, no association was observed with age or marital status. Finally, we concluded that there is a greater perception of threat from COVID-19 by women with a lower education who have children in their care, and that they are also more sensitive to minor mental disorders, such as anxiety or stress, appearing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Herrera-Peco
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain
- Alfonso X El Sabio Foundation, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Fátima Oropesa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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Comunicación en salud y redes sociales: necesitamos más enfermeras. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ENFERMERÍA NEUROLÓGICA 2021. [PMCID: PMC8006184 DOI: 10.1016/j.sedene.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Agüera-Ortiz L, Claver-Martín MD, Franco-Fernández MD, López-Álvarez J, Martín-Carrasco M, Ramos-García MI, Sánchez-Pérez M. Depression in the Elderly. Consensus Statement of the Spanish Psychogeriatric Association. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:380. [PMID: 32508684 PMCID: PMC7251154 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Present knowledge about depression in the elderly is still scarce and often controversial, despite its high frequency and impact. This article reports the results and most relevant conclusions of a Delphi-based consensus on geriatric depression promoted by the Spanish Psychogeriatric Association. METHODS A 78-item questionnaire was developed by 7 highly specialized geriatric psychiatrists and was evaluated using the Modified Delphi technique in two rounds answered by 35 psychiatrists with an extensive expertise in geriatric depression. The topics and number of questions (in brackets) covered were: concepts, clinical aspects, and risk factors (12); screening and diagnosis (7); psychotic depression (17); depression and dementia (5); antidepressant drug treatment (18); non-pharmacological biological treatments (5); psychotherapeutic treatments (4); comorbidity and preventive aspects (6); professional training needed (4). In addition, the expert panel's opinion on the antidepressants of choice in 21 common comorbid conditions and on different strategies to approach treatment-resistant cases in terms of both efficacy and safety was assessed. RESULTS After the two rounds of the Delphi process, consensus was reached for 59 (75.6%) of the 78 items. Detailed recommendations are included in the text. Considering pharmacological treatments, agomelatine was the most widely mentioned drug to be recommended in terms of safety in comorbid conditions. Desvenlafaxine, sertraline, and vortioxetine, were the most frequently recommended antidepressants in comorbid conditions in general. Combining parameters of efficacy and safety, experts recommended the following steps to address cases of treatment resistance: 1. Escalation to the maximum tolerated dose; 2. Change of antidepressant; 3. Combination with another antidepressant; 4. Potentiation with an antipsychotic or with lamotrigine; 5. Potentiation with lithium; 6. Potentiation with dopamine agonists or methylphenidate. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Consensus was reached for a high number of items as well as for the management of depression in the context of comorbid conditions and in resistant cases. In the current absence of sufficient evidence-based information, our results can be used to inform medical doctors about clinical recommendations that might reduce uncertainty in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Agüera-Ortiz
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Jorge López-Álvarez
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Isabel Ramos-García
- Instituto de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Pérez
- Unidad de Psiquiatría Geriátrica, Hospital Sagrat Cor. Martorell, Barcelona, Spain
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Rodríguez-Romero R, Herranz-Rodríguez C, Kostov B, Gené-Badia J, Sisó-Almirall A. Intervention to reduce perceived loneliness in community-dwelling older people. Scand J Caring Sci 2020; 35:366-374. [PMID: 32285499 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM We evaluated the reduction in perceived loneliness and depression and the increase in social support and quality of life in community-dwelling lonely people aged >65 years included in a community intervention compared with nonlonely controls from the same urban area. DESIGN Randomised clinical trial without blind evaluation. LOCATION Urban area of Barcelona. PARTICIPANTS Community dwellers aged >65 years with loneliness identified by the primary care team. INTERVENTIONS The primary care team together with community agents (municipal social services, community civil and religious associations) carried out 18 sessions developing activities including educational workshops, mindfulness, yoga, walking and visits to urban gardens. RESULTS We included 55 patients (87% female, mean age 80.6 ± 6.86 years) of whom 82% had moderate and 18% severe loneliness. Six months postintervention, 48.3% of the intervention group did not feel lonely compared with 26.9% of controls (p = 0.001). Social support (DUKE-UNC-11) increased from 33.5 ± 9.3 to 41.4 ± 6.6, and mental health (SF-12) from 36 ± 610.4 to 48 ± 11.1 and depressive symptoms (Yesavage test) decreased from 9.2 ± 3.6 to 5.2 ± 5.0 in the intervention but not the control group. CONCLUSIONS The intervention mainly reached people with moderate loneliness and significantly improved the perception of loneliness, depressive symptoms, social support and the mental health component of the quality of life. The intervention may be more suitable for people with moderate loneliness, but these types of activities may be difficult to accept by people with severe loneliness not related to the barriers to socialisation generated by ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rodríguez-Romero
- Centro de Salud Casanova, Consorcio de Atención Primaria de Salud Barcelona Izquierda (CAPSBE), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Herranz-Rodríguez
- Centro de Salud Casanova, Consorcio de Atención Primaria de Salud Barcelona Izquierda (CAPSBE), Barcelona, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación Transversal en Atención Primaria, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belchin Kostov
- Grupo de Investigación Transversal en Atención Primaria, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gené-Badia
- Centro de Salud Casanova, Consorcio de Atención Primaria de Salud Barcelona Izquierda (CAPSBE), Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Catalán de la Salud, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Sisó-Almirall
- Grupo de Investigación Transversal en Atención Primaria, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Salud Les Corts, Consorcio de Atención Primaria de Salud Barcelona Izquierda (CAPSBE), Barcelona, Spain
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