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Alrouji M, Yasmin S, Alhumaydhi FA, Sharaf SE, Shahwan M, Shamsi A. ROS1 kinase inhibition reimagined: identifying repurposed drug via virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations for cancer therapeutics. Front Chem 2024; 12:1392650. [PMID: 39136033 PMCID: PMC11317403 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1392650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine has revolutionized modern cancer therapeutic management by targeting specific molecular aberrations responsible for the onset and progression of tumorigenesis. ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that can induce tumorigenesis through various signaling pathways, such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, and metastasis. It has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in various cancer types. However, there is very limited availability of specific ROS1 inhibitors for therapeutic purposes. Exploring repurposed drugs for rapid and effective treatment is a useful approach. In this study, we utilized an integrated approach of virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of repurposing existing drugs for ROS1 kinase inhibition. Using a curated library of 3648 FDA-approved drugs, virtual screening identified drugs capable of binding to ROS1 kinase domain. The results unveil two hits, Midostaurin and Alectinib with favorable binding profiles and stable interactions with the active site residues of ROS1. These hits were subjected to stability assessment through all-atom MD simulations for 200 ns. MD results showed that Midostaurin and Alectinib were stable with ROS1. Taken together, the study showed a rational framework for the selection of repurposed Midostaurin and Alectinib with ROS1 inhibitory potential for therapeutic management after further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alrouji
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabina Yasmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharaf E. Sharaf
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Dunne VL, Ghita-Pettigrew M, Redmond KM, Small DM, Weldon S, Taggart CC, Prise KM, Hanna GG, Butterworth KT. PTEN Depletion Increases Radiosensitivity in Response to Ataxia Telangiectasia-Related-3 (ATR) Inhibition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7817. [PMID: 39063060 PMCID: PMC11277409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) treatment is an important strategy for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Local recurrence amongst patients with late-stage NSCLC remains a challenge. The loss of PTEN has been associated with radio-resistance. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of RT combined with ataxia telangiectasia-mutated Rad3-related (ATR) inhibition using Ceralasertib in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-depleted NSCLC cells and to assess early inflammatory responses indicative of radiation pneumonitis (RP) after combined-modality treatment. Small hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfections were used to generate H460 and A549 PTEN-depleted models. Ceralasertib was evaluated as a single agent and in combination with RT in vitro and in vivo. Histological staining was used to assess immune cell infiltration in pneumonitis-prone C3H/NeJ mice. Here, we report that the inhibition of ATR in combination with RT caused a significant reduction in PTEN-depleted NSCLC cells, with delayed DNA repair and reduced cell viability, as shown by an increase in cells in Sub G1. Combination treatment in vivo significantly inhibited H460 PTEN-depleted tumour growth in comparison to H460 non-targeting PTEN-expressing (NT) cell-line-derived xenografts (CDXs). Additionally, there was no significant increase in infiltrating macrophages or neutrophils except at 4 weeks, whereby combination treatment significantly increased macrophage levels relative to RT alone. Overall, our study demonstrates that ceralasertib and RT combined preferentially sensitises PTEN-depleted NSCLC models in vitro and in vivo, with no impact on early inflammatory response indicative of RP. These findings provide a rationale for evaluating ATR inhibition in combination with RT in NSCLC patients with PTEN mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L. Dunne
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
| | - Mihaela Ghita-Pettigrew
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
| | - Kelly M. Redmond
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
| | - Donna M. Small
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
| | - Sinéad Weldon
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group (AiiR), Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (S.W.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Clifford C. Taggart
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group (AiiR), Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (S.W.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Kevin M. Prise
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
| | - Gerard G. Hanna
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK;
| | - Karl T. Butterworth
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK; (M.G.-P.); (K.M.R.); (D.M.S.); (K.M.P.); (K.T.B.)
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3
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Liao W, Zhang R, Chen G, Zhu X, Wu W, Chen Z, Jiang C, Lin Z, Ma L, Yu H. Berberine synergises with ferroptosis inducer sensitizing NSCLC to ferroptosis in p53-dependent SLC7A11-GPX4 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116832. [PMID: 38850659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a compound derived from Chinese herbal medicine, known for its anticancer properties through multiple signaling pathways. However, whether BBR can inhibit tumor growth by participating in ferroptosis remains unconfirmed. In this study, we demonstrated that berberine synergistically inhibited NSCLC in combination with multiple ferroptosis inducers, and this combination synergistically down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, and NRF2, resulting in ferroptosis accompanied by significant depletion of GSH, and aberrant accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. In a lung cancer allograft model, the combination treatment exhibited enhanced anticancer effects compared to using either drug alone. Notably, p53 is critical in determining the ferroptosis sensitivity. We found that the combination treatment did not elicit a synergistic anticancer effect in cells with a p53 mutation or with exogenous expression of mutant p53. These findings provide insight into the mechanism by which combination induces ferroptosis and the regulatory role of p53 in this process. It may guide the development of new strategies for treating NSCLC, offering great medical potential for personal diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Liao
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Geer Chen
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Weiyu Wu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zicong Lin
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Haijie Yu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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4
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Ahmad S, Raza K. Identification of 5-nitroindazole as a multitargeted inhibitor for CDK and transferase kinase in lung cancer: a multisampling algorithm-based structural study. Mol Divers 2024; 28:1189-1202. [PMID: 37058176 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The FDA has approved almost 100 drugs against lung cancer, but it is still not curable as most drugs target a single protein and block a single pathway. In this study, we screened the Drug Bank library against three major proteins- ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 (6G77), cyclic-dependent protein kinase 2 (1AQ1), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (1K3A) of lung cancer and identified the compound 5-nitroindazole (DB04534) as a multitargeted inhibitor that potentially can treat lung cancer. For the screening, we deployed multisampling algorithms such as HTVS, SP and XP, followed by the MM\GBSA calculation, and the study was extended to molecular fingerprinting analysis, pharmacokinetics prediction, and Molecular Dynamics simulation to understand the complex's stability. The docking scores against the proteins 6G77, 1AQ1, and 1K3A were - 6.884 kcal/mol, - 7.515 kcal/mol, and - 6.754 kcal/mol, respectively. Also, the compound has shown all the values satisfying the ADMET criteria, and the fingerprint analysis has shown wide similarities and the water WaterMap analysis that helped justify the compound's suitability. The molecular dynamics of each complex have shown a cumulative deviation of less than 2 Å, which is considered best for the biomolecules, especially for the protein-ligand complexes. The best feature of the identified drug candidate is that it targets multiple proteins that control cell division and growth hormone mediates simultaneously, reducing the burden of the pharmaceutical industry by reducing the resistance chance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaban Ahmad
- Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Khalid Raza
- Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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5
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van den Heuvel M, Holdenrieder S, Schuurbiers M, Cigoianu D, Trulson I, van Rossum H, Lang D. Serum tumor markers for response prediction and monitoring of advanced lung cancer: A review focusing on immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S233-S268. [PMID: 37248927 DOI: 10.3233/tub-220039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of serum tumor markers (STMs) in the current therapeutic landscape of lung cancer is unclear. OBJECTIVE This scoping review gathered evidence of the predictive, prognostic, and monitoring value of STMs for patients with advanced lung cancer receiving immunotherapy (IT) or targeted therapy (TT). METHODS Literature searches were conducted (cut-off: May 2022) using PubMed and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Medical professionals advised on the search strategies. RESULTS Study heterogeneity limited the evidence and inferences from the 36 publications reviewed. While increased baseline levels of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) may predict IT response, results for TT were less clear. For monitoring IT-treated patients, STM panels (including CYFRA21-1, CEA, and neuron-specific enolase) may surpass the power of single analyses to predict non-response. CYFRA21-1 measurement could aid in monitoring TT-treated patients, but the value of CEA in this context requires further investigation. Overall, baseline and dynamic changes in individual or combined STM levels have potential utility to predict treatment outcome and for monitoring of patients with advanced lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS In advanced lung cancer, STMs provide additional relevant clinical information by predicting treatment outcome, but further standardization and validation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel van den Heuvel
- Department of Pulmonology, Radboud University Medical Center - Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Milou Schuurbiers
- Department of Pulmonology, Radboud University Medical Center - Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Inga Trulson
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Huub van Rossum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine - Pulmonology, Johannes Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
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6
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Almasoudi HH, Mashraqi MM, Alshamrani S, Alsalmi O, Alharthi AA, Gharib AF. Molecular screening reveals Variolin B as a multitargeted inhibitor of lung cancer: a molecular docking-based fingerprinting and molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:11-21. [PMID: 37771142 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Lung Cancer is the topmost death causing cancer and results from smoking, air pollution, cigar, exposure to asbestos or radon-like substances, and genetic factors. The cases of Lung Cancer in south Asian developing nations are being seen most due to heavy pollution and unbalanced lifestyle and putting a considerable burden on healthcare systems. The Food and Drug Administration of the USA has approved almost 100 drugs against SCLC and NSLC and a few drugs that are given to minimise the side effect of anticancer drugs. However, the drugs are shown to be resistant at significantly higher stages and non-affective on cancerous cells and have long-term side effects due to designing the drug by keeping one protein/gene target while designing or repurposing the drugs. In this study, we have taken five main lung cancer protein targets- Nerve growth factor protein (1SG1), Apoptosis inhibitor survivin (1XOX), Heat shock protein (3IUC), Protein tyrosine phosphate (3ZM3), Aldo-keto reductase (4XZL) and screened the complete prepared Drug Bank library of 155888 compounds and identified Variolin B (DB08694) as a multitargeted inhibitor against lung cancer using HTVS, SP and XP sampling algorithms followed by MM\GBSA calculation to sort the best pose. Variolin B is a natural marine antitumor and antiviral compound, so we analysed the ADMET properties and interaction patterns and then simulated all five P-L complexes for 100 ns in water using the NPT ensemble to check its selves against lung cancer. The docking results, ADMET and fingerprints have shown a good performance, and RMSD and RMSF results were with least deviation and fluctuations (<2Å) and produced a huge contact with other residues making the complex stable. The complexes initially fluctuated and deviated due to changes in the solute medium and sudden heat and stabilise after a few ns. However, extensive experimental validation is required before human use.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan H Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutaib M Mashraqi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alshamrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Alsalmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Awwadh Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Monleón-Guinot I, Milian L, Martínez-Vallejo P, Sancho-Tello M, Llop-Miguel M, Galbis JM, Cremades A, Carda C, Mata M. Morphological Characterization of Human Lung Cancer Organoids Cultured in Type I Collagen Hydrogels: A Histological Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10131. [PMID: 37373279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The malignity of lung cancer is conditioned by the tumor microenvironment (TME), in which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are relevant. In this work, we generated organoids by combining A549 cells with CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NF) isolated from adenocarcinoma tumors. We optimized the conditions for their manufacture in a short time. We evaluated the morphology of organoids using confocal microscopy analysis of F-actin, vimentin and pankeratin. We determined the ultrastructure of the cells in the organoids via transmission electron microscopy and the expression of CDH1, CDH2 and VIM via RT-PCR. The addition of stromal cells induces the self-organization of the organoids, which acquired a bowl morphology, as well as their growth and the generation of cell processes. They also influenced the expression of genes related to epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). CAFs potentiated these changes. All cells acquired a characteristic secretory phenotype, with cohesive cells appearing inside the organoids. In the periphery, many cells acquired a migratory phenotype, especially in organoids that incorporated CAFs. The deposit of abundant extracellular matrix could also be observed. The results presented here reinforce the role of CAFs in the progression of lung tumors and could lay the foundation for a useful in vitro pharmacological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Monleón-Guinot
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lara Milian
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Martínez-Vallejo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sancho-Tello
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mauro Llop-Miguel
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Cremades
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Hospital de la Ribera, 46600 Alzira, Spain
| | - Carmen Carda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Mata
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Xuan DTM, Yeh IJ, Su CY, Liu HL, Ta HDK, Anuraga G, Chiao CC, Wang CY, Yen MC. Prognostic and Immune Infiltration Value of Proteasome Assembly Chaperone (PSMG) Family Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:87-101. [PMID: 36619227 PMCID: PMC9812804 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.78590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) including many interacting biological processes makes it difficult to find therapeutic biomarkers for treatment. Previous studies demonstrated that PSMG (proteasome assembly chaperone) family members regulate the degradation of abnormal proteins. However, transcript expressions of this gene family in LUAD still need to be more fully investigated. Therefore, we used a holistic bioinformatics approach to explore PSMG genes involved in LUAD patients by integrating several high-throughput databases and tools including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. These data demonstrated that PSMG3 and PSMG4 were expressed at significantly higher levels in neoplastic cells than in normal lung tissues. Notably, increased expressions of these proteins were correlated with poor prognoses of lung cancer patients, which probably confirmed their fundamental roles in the staging of LUAD tumors. Meanwhile, it was also indicated that there were positive correlations between PSMG family genes and the immune response, metabolism of ubiquinone, cell cycle regulatory pathways, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Wnt signaling. Experimental data also confirmed that the knockdown of PSMG4 in LUAD cell lines decreased cell proliferation and influenced expressions of downstream molecules. Collectively, this study revealed that PSMG family members are novel prognostic biomarkers for LUAD progression, which also provide new therapeutic targets of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Thi Minh Xuan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Jeng Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yu Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Liang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Ta
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Gangga Anuraga
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, PGRI Adi Buana University, East Java, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia
| | - Chung-Chieh Chiao
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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9
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Khan F, Akhtar S, Kamal MA. Nanoinformatics and Personalized Medicine: An Advanced Cumulative Approach for Cancer Management. Curr Med Chem 2023; 30:271-285. [PMID: 35692148 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220610090405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the battle against one of the deadliest diseases, cancer, has advanced remarkably in the last few decades and the survival rate has improved significantly; the search for an ultimate cure remains a utopia. Nanoinformatics, which is bioinformatics coupled with nanotechnology, endows many novel research opportunities in the preclinical and clinical development of personalized nanosized drug carriers in cancer therapy. Personalized nanomedicines serve as a promising treatment option for cancer owing to their noninvasiveness and their novel approach. Explicitly, the field of personalized medicine is expected to have an enormous impact soon because of its many advantages, namely its versatility to adapt a drug to a cohort of patients. OBJECTIVE The current review explains the application of this newly emerging field called nanoinformatics to the field of precision medicine. This review also recapitulates how nanoinformatics could hasten the development of personalized nanomedicine for cancer, which is undoubtedly the need of the hour. CONCLUSION This approach has been facilitated by a humongous impending field named Nanoinformatics. These breakthroughs and advances have provided insight into the future of personalized medicine. Imperatively, they have been enabling landmark research to merge all advances, creating nanosized particles that contain drugs targeting cell surface receptors and other potent molecules designed to kill cancerous cells. Nanoparticle- based medicine has been developing and has become a center of attention in recent years, focusing primely on proficient delivery systems for various chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariya Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow - 226026, UP, India
| | - Salman Akhtar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow - 226026, UP, India.,Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW2770, Australia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontier Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.,Enzymoics, 7, Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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10
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Penetrating Exploration of Prognostic Correlations of the FKBP Gene Family with Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Pers Med 2022; 13:jpm13010049. [PMID: 36675710 PMCID: PMC9862762 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the development of which involves many interacting biological processes, makes it difficult to find therapeutic biomarkers for treatment. FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) are composed of 12 members classified as conservative intracellular immunophilin family proteins, which are often connected to cyclophilin structures by tetratricopeptide repeat domains and have peptidyl prolyl isomerase activity that catalyzes proline from residues and turns the trans form into the cis form. Since FKBPs belong to chaperone molecules and promote protein folding, previous studies demonstrated that FKBP family members significantly contribute to the degradation of damaged, misfolded, abnormal, and foreign proteins. However, transcript expressions of this gene family in LUAD still need to be more fully investigated. In this research, we adopted high-throughput bioinformatics technology to analyze FKBP family genes in LUAD to provide credible information to clinicians and promote the development of novel cancer target drugs in the future. The current data revealed that the messenger (m)RNA levels of FKBP2, FKBP3, FKBP4, FKBP10, FKBP11, and FKBP14 were overexpressed in LUAD, and FKBP10 had connections to poor prognoses among LUAD patients in an overall survival (OS) analysis. Based on the above results, we selected FKBP10 to further conduct a comprehensive analysis of the downstream pathway and network. Through a DAVID analysis, we found that FKBP10 was involved in mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone transport, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly, etc. The MetaCore pathway analysis also indicated that FKBP10 was involved in "Ubiquinone metabolism", "Translation_(L)-selenoaminoacid incorporation in proteins during translation", and "Transcription_Negative regulation of HIF1A function". Collectively, this study revealed that FKBP family members are both significant prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer progression and promising clinical therapeutic targets, thus providing new targets for treating LUAD patients.
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The Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors vs. Chemotherapy for KRAS-Mutant or EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers: A Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2631852. [PMID: 36061356 PMCID: PMC9439907 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2631852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess and compare the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors vs. chemotherapy for KRAS-mutant or EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancers. Methods Until February 19, 2022, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in NSCLC. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as outcome measures. The studies were conducted using the Cochrane methodology for meta-analyses, and all statistical analyses were made with Review Manager Software (RevMan version 5.4). Results Our meta-analysis included nine clinical trials including 5633 participants with NSCLC. Immune checkpoint drugs extended OS (hazard ratio (HR), 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60–0.76) and PFS (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.35-0.56) in patients with EGFR wild-type compared to chemotherapy alone, whereas programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy extended PFS in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42-0.94). Meanwhile, immune checkpoint inhibitors vs. chemotherapy improved the OS (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48–0.88) and PFS (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.36–0.66) of NSCLC patients with KRAS mutation. NSCLCs with KRAS G12C mutation had a much better PFS with ICIs than with chemotherapy (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.21–0.71). Conclusion This research revealed that individuals with EGFR wild-type NSCLC or KRAS mutation may benefit from PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors and that PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy seem to be more successful than chemotherapy alone in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation.
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12
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SHC1 Promotes Lung Cancer Metastasis by Interacting with EGFR. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3599832. [PMID: 35706930 PMCID: PMC9192283 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3599832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to explore the biological function of SHC1 in the development and progression of lung cancer. Meanwhile, the effect of SHC1 and EGFR on lung cancer was analyzed. The expression of SHC1 in lung cancer and adjacent tissues was analyzed by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, the relationship between SHC1 expression and prognosis was analyzed. SHC1 overexpression and knockdown cell lines were constructed by overexpression plasmid and knockdown plasmid. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Cell invasion was detected by transwell. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. Interaction between SHC1 and EGFR was detected. The expression of SHC1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancer tissues. Lung cancer patients with high SHC1 expression have a poor prognosis. The proliferation and invasion of SHC1 decreased with SHC1 knockout but increased after overexpression. EGFR may be a key interaction protein of SHC1. Overexpression of EGFR increases the oncogenic effect of SHC1. In conclusion, SHC1 plays a carcinogenic role in lung cancer. EGFR expression was significantly correlated with SHC1 and maybe a key interaction protein of SHC1. SHC1 interacts with EGFR to form a protein complex, which may be a new target for lung cancer metastasis.
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13
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Pancewicz J, Niklińska WE, Chlanda A. Flake Graphene-Based Nanomaterial Approach for Triggering a Ferroptosis as an Attractive Theranostic Outlook for Tackling Non-Small Lung Cancer: A Mini Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103456. [PMID: 35629488 PMCID: PMC9143918 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm that is now a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. One of the major approaches for killing cancer cells is related with activation of apoptotic cell death with anti-cancer drugs. However, the efficiency of apoptosis induction in tumors is limited. Consequently, the development of other forms of non-apoptotic cell death is up to date challenge for scientists worldwide. This situation motivated us to define the aim of this mini-review: gathering knowledge regarding ferroptosis—newly defined programmed cell death process characterized by the excessive accumulation of iron—and combining it with yet another interesting nanomaterial-based graphene approach. In this manuscript, we presented brief information about non-small lung cancer and ferroptosis, followed by a section depicting the key-features of graphene-based nanomaterials influencing their biologically relevant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pancewicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University in Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (J.P.); (W.E.N.)
| | - Wiesława Ewa Niklińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University in Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (J.P.); (W.E.N.)
| | - Adrian Chlanda
- Graphene and Composites Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence:
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14
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Maarman GJ. Reviewing the suitability of mitochondrial transplantation as therapeutic approach for pulmonary hypertension in the era of personalised medicine. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L641-L646. [PMID: 35318860 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00484.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease, defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥ 25 mm Hg. It is caused, in part, by mitochondrial dysfunction. Among the various biological therapies proposed to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction, evidence going back as far as 2009, suggests that mitochondrial transplantation is an alternative. Although scant, recent PH findings and other literature supports a role for mitochondrial transplantation as a therapeutic approach in the context of PH. In experimental models of PH, it confers beneficial effects that include reduced pulmonary vasoconstriction, reduced pulmonary vascular remodelling, and improved right ventricular function. It also reduces the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. However, first, we must understand that more research is needed before mitochondrial transplantation can be considered an effective therapy in the clinical setting, as many of the mechanisms or potential long-term risks are still unknown. Second, the current challenges of mitochondrial transplantation are surmountable and should not deter researchers from further investigating its effectiveness and trying to overcome these challenges in creative ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Maarman
- CARMA: Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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15
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Silva F, Pereira T, Neves I, Morgado J, Freitas C, Malafaia M, Sousa J, Fonseca J, Negrão E, Flor de Lima B, Correia da Silva M, Madureira AJ, Ramos I, Costa JL, Hespanhol V, Cunha A, Oliveira HP. Towards Machine Learning-Aided Lung Cancer Clinical Routines: Approaches and Open Challenges. J Pers Med 2022; 12:480. [PMID: 35330479 PMCID: PMC8950137 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in the development of computer-aided decision (CAD) systems for clinical routines provide unquestionable benefits in connecting human medical expertise with machine intelligence, to achieve better quality healthcare. Considering the large number of incidences and mortality numbers associated with lung cancer, there is a need for the most accurate clinical procedures; thus, the possibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) tools for decision support is becoming a closer reality. At any stage of the lung cancer clinical pathway, specific obstacles are identified and "motivate" the application of innovative AI solutions. This work provides a comprehensive review of the most recent research dedicated toward the development of CAD tools using computed tomography images for lung cancer-related tasks. We discuss the major challenges and provide critical perspectives on future directions. Although we focus on lung cancer in this review, we also provide a more clear definition of the path used to integrate AI in healthcare, emphasizing fundamental research points that are crucial for overcoming current barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Silva
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tania Pereira
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
| | - Inês Neves
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- ICBAS—Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Morgado
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
| | - Cláudia Freitas
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
- FMUP—Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Mafalda Malafaia
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- FEUP—Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Sousa
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
| | - João Fonseca
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- FEUP—Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Negrão
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Beatriz Flor de Lima
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Miguel Correia da Silva
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
| | - António J. Madureira
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
- FMUP—Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Ramos
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
- FMUP—Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - José Luis Costa
- FMUP—Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Venceslau Hespanhol
- CHUSJ—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (E.N.); (B.F.d.L.); (M.C.d.S.); (A.J.M.); (I.R.); (V.H.)
- FMUP—Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - António Cunha
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- UTAD—University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hélder P. Oliveira
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (I.N.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.S.); (J.F.); (A.C.); (H.P.O.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Chen Q, Zheng Y, Chen X, Ge P, Wang P, Wu B. Upregulation of miR-216a-5p by Lentinan Targeted Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway to Reduce Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Stemness, Promote Apoptosis, and Slow Down the Lung Adenocarcinoma Mechanisms. Front Oncol 2021; 11:778096. [PMID: 34900727 PMCID: PMC8656221 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.778096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of Lentinan (LNT) on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell stemness and its mechanism. In this study, we founded that LNT significantly reduce the cell proliferation, activity, migration, invasion, and stemness of LUAD cells, and promote their apoptosis compared with the control group in vitro. Moreover, LNT significantly inhibited the volume and weight of tumors of nude mice in vivo. At the same time, LNT can significantly up-regulate miR-216a-5p levels and reduce the protein expression of phospho-JAK2 (Y1007/1008) and phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705), thereby inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Interfering with miR-216a-5p expression and activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway can significantly reverse LNT inhibitory effects on LUAD. Collectively, LNT can inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by up-regulating miR-216a-5p, reducing stemness, and promoting LUAD cells apoptosis, then slow down LUAD occurrence and development, providing concepts and experimental foundation treating patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yiming Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
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17
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Jiang W, Cai G, Hu P, Wang Y. Personalized medicine of non-gene-specific chemotherapies for non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3406-3416. [PMID: 34900526 PMCID: PMC8642451 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer is recognized as the deadliest cancer across the globe. In some areas, it is more common in women than even breast and cervical cancer. Its rise, vaulted by smoking habits and increasing air pollution, has garnered much attention and resource in the medical field. The first lung cancer treatments were developed more than half a century ago. Unfortunately, many of the earlier chemotherapies often did more harm than good, especially when they were used to treat genetically unsuitable patients. With the introduction of personalized medicine, physicians are increasingly aware of when, how, and in whom, to use certain anti-cancer agents. Drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies possess limited utility because they target specific oncogenic mutations, but other drugs that target mechanisms universal to all cancers do not. In this review, we discuss many of these non-oncogene-targeting anti-cancer agents including DNA replication inhibitors (i.e., alkylating agents and topoisomerase inhibitors) and cytoskeletal function inhibitors to highlight their application in the setting of personalized medicine as well as their limitations and resistance factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiqing Cai
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675, USA
| | - Peter Hu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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18
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Zarogoulidis P, Matthaios D, Kosmidis C, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Tsakiridis K, Mpaka S, Boukovinas I, Drougas D, Theofilatou V, Zaric B, Courcoutsakis N, Nikolaidis G, Huang H, Bai C. Effective early diagnosis for NSCLC: an algorithm. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:1437-1445. [PMID: 34403620 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1969916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer still remains undiagnosed for most patients until the disease is inoperable. AREAS COVERED We performed search on PubMed with the keywords: EBUS, radial-EBUS, bronchoscopy, lung cancer, electromagnetic navigation, ct-biopsy, transthoracic biopsy. We present diagnostic equipment and imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, endoscopical navigation systems, endobronchial ultrasound, radial-endobronchial ultrasound, transthoracic ultrasound biopsy, and computed tomography guided biopsies. EXPERT OPINION However, lack of early disease symptoms remains the most important issue and therefore we should direct our efforts to screening and early disease diagnosis. An algorithm is proposed for biopsy upon initial disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Zarogoulidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, ``ahepa`` University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Pulmonary Oncology Department, ``Bioclinic`` Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt
- Sana Clinic Group Franken, Department of Cardiology/Pulmonology/Intensive Care/Nephrology, "Hof" Clinics, University of Erlangen, Hof, Germany
| | - Kosmas Tsakiridis
- Thoracic Oncology Department, ``Interbalkan`` European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Mpaka
- Oncology Department, ``Interbalkan`` European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Boukovinas
- Oncology Department, ``Bioclinic`` Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Drougas
- Nuclear Medicine Department, ``Bioiatriki`` Private PET-CT Laboratory, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Theofilatou
- Nuclear Medicine Department, ``Bioiatriki`` Private PET-CT Laboratory, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bojan Zaric
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikolaos Courcoutsakis
- Radiology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George Nikolaidis
- Surgery Department, ``General Clinic`` Euromedica, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Haidong Huang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Bai
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Suzuki S, Yonesaka K, Teramura T, Takehara T, Kato R, Sakai H, Haratani K, Tanizaki J, Kawakami H, Hayashi H, Sakai K, Nishio K, Nakagawa K. KRAS inhibitor-resistance in MET-amplified KRAS G12C non-small cell lung cancer induced by RAS- and non-RAS-mediated cell signaling mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5697-5707. [PMID: 34365406 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment with KRAS G12C inhibitors such as sotorasib can produce substantial regression of tumors in some patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These patients require alternative treatment after acquiring resistance to the inhibitor. The mechanisms underlying this acquired resistance are unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying acquired sotorasib resistance, and to explore potential treatments for rescuing patients with sotorasib-resistant KRAS G12C NSCLC cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Clones of sotorasib-sensitive KRAS G12C NSCLC H23 cells exposed to different concentrations of sotorasib were examined using whole-genomic transcriptome analysis, multiple receptor kinase phosphorylation analysis, and gene copy number evaluation. The underlying mechanisms of resistance were investigated using immunological examination, and a treatment aimed at overcoming resistance was tested in vitro and in vivo Results: Unbiased screening detected subclonal evolution of MET amplification in KRAS G12C NSCLC cells that had developed resistance to sotorasib in vitro MET knockdown using siRNA restored susceptibility to sotorasib in these resistant cells. MET activation by its amplification reinforced RAS cycling from its inactive form to its active form. In addition to RAS-mediated MEK-ERK induction, MET induced AKT activation independently of RAS. Crizotinib, a MET inhibitor, restored sensitivity to sotorasib by eliminating RAS-MEK-ERK as well as AKT signaling. MET/KRAS G12C dual inhibition led to tumor shrinkage in sotorasib-resistant xenograft mice. CONCLUSIONS MET amplification leads to the development of resistance to KRAS G12C inhibitors in NSCLC. Dual blockade of MET and KRAS G12C could be a treatment option for MET amplified, KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Suzuki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kimio Yonesaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Takeshi Teramura
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University
| | - Toshiyuki Takehara
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Hitomi Sakai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Koji Haratani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Junko Tanizaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
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20
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Inflammation during Lung Cancer Progression and Ethyl Pyruvate Treatment Observed by Pulmonary Functional Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in Mice. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:9918702. [PMID: 34257627 PMCID: PMC8261185 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9918702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the suitability of hyperpolarized 129Xe (HPXe) MRI for noninvasive longitudinal evaluation of pulmonary function in preclinical lung cancer models. A mouse model of lung cancer (LC) was induced in 5 mice by intraperitoneal injection of urethane, while a negative-control (NC) mice (N = 5) was prepared by injection of saline solution. Longitudinal HPXe MRI was performed over a 5-month period to monitor lung ventilation and gas exchange. The treatment efficacy of ethyl pyruvate (EP), an anti-inflammatory drug, to the mouse LC model was monitored using HPXe MRI by commencing administration of EP pre (early-phase) and 1-month post (late-phase) injection of urethane (N = 5 mice for each group). Gas-exchange function in LC mice was significantly reduced at 1-month after urethane injection compared with NC mice administered with saline (P < 0.01). Thereafter, it remained consistently lower than that of the NC group for the full 5-month measurement period. In contrast, the ventilation function of the LC model mice was not significantly different to that of the NC mice. Histological analysis revealed alveolar epithelial hyperplasia in LC mice alveoli at 1 month after urethane injection, and adenoma was confirmed 3 months after the injection. The early- and late-phase EP interventions were found to improve HPXe MRI metrics (reduced at 1 month postinjection of urethane) and significantly inhibit tumor growth. These results suggest that HPXe MRI gas-exchange metrics can be used to quantitatively assess changes in the precancerous lesion microenvironment and to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in cancer. Thus, HPXe MRI can be utilized to noninvasively monitor pulmonary pathology during LC progression and can visualize functional changes during therapy.
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21
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To KKW, Fong W, Cho WCS. Immunotherapy in Treating EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Current Challenges and New Strategies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:635007. [PMID: 34113560 PMCID: PMC8185359 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.635007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including monoclonal antibodies against programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have dramatically improved the survival and quality of life of a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Multiple predictive biomarkers have been proposed to select the patients who may benefit from the immune checkpoint inhibitors. EGFR-mutant NSCLC is the most prevalent molecular subtype in Asian lung cancer patients. However, patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC show poor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. While small-molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the preferred initial treatment for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, acquired drug resistance is severely limiting the long-term efficacy. However, there is currently no further effective treatment option for TKIs-refractory EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. The reasons mediating the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients to immunotherapy are not clear. Initial investigations revealed that EGFR-mutated NSCLC has lower PD-L1 expression and a low tumor mutational burden, thus leading to weak immunogenicity. Moreover, the use of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade prior to or concurrent with osimertinib has been reported to increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity. Furthermore, emerging evidence shows that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC patients can lead to hyperprogressive disease associated with dismal prognosis. However, it is difficult to predict the treatment toxicity. New biomarkers are urgently needed to predict response and toxicity associated with the use of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Recently, promising data have emerged to suggest the potentiation of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy by anti-angiogenic agents and a few other novel therapeutic agents. This article reviews the current investigations about the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, and discusses the new strategies that may be adopted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie Fong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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22
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Guo Y, Wang G, Wang Z, Ding X, Qian L, Li Y, Ren Z, Liu P, Ma W, Li D, Li Y, Zhao Q, Lü J, Li Q, Wang Q, Yu Z. Reck-Notch1 Signaling Mediates miR-221/222 Regulation of Lung Cancer Stem Cells in NSCLC. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:663279. [PMID: 33959615 PMCID: PMC8093830 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.663279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to the cancer initiation, metastasis and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we identified a miR-221/222 cluster as a novel regulator of CSCs in NSCLC. Targeted overexpression or knockdown of miR-221/222 in NSCLC cells revealed the essential roles of miR-221/222 in regulation of lung cancer cell proliferation, mammosphere formation, subpopulation of CD133+ CSCs and the expression of stemness genes including OCT4, NANOG and h-TERT. The in vivo animal study showed that overexpression of miR-221/222 significantly enhanced the capacity of lung cancer cells to develop tumor and grow faster, indicating the importance of miR-221/222 in tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Mechanistically, Reck was found to be a key direct target gene of miR-221/222 in NSCLC. Overexpression of miR-221/222 significantly suppressed Reck expression, activated Notch1 signaling and increased the level of NICD. As an activated form of Notch1, NICD leads to enhanced stemness in NSCLC cells. In addition, knockdown of Reck by siRNA not only mimicked miR-221/222 effects, but also demonstrated involvement of Reck in the miR-221/222-induced activation of Notch1 signaling, verifying the essential roles of the miR-221/222-Reck-Notch1 axis in regulating stemness of NSCLC cells. These findings uncover a novel mechanism by which lung CSCs are significantly manipulated by miR-221/222, and provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefan Guo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Jinzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Dalian Medical University, School of Basic Medical, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Ren
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Dalian Medical University, School of Basic Medical, Dalian, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danni Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhui Lü
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinchuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhong Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Machine Learning and Feature Selection Methods for EGFR Mutation Status Prediction in Lung Cancer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11073273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of personalized medicine has changed the therapeutic strategy from classical chemotherapy and radiotherapy to a genetic modification targeted therapy, and although biopsy is the traditional method to genetically characterize lung cancer tumor, it is an invasive and painful procedure for the patient. Nodule image features extracted from computed tomography (CT) scans have been used to create machine learning models that predict gene mutation status in a noninvasive, fast, and easy-to-use manner. However, recent studies have shown that radiomic features extracted from an extended region of interest (ROI) beyond the tumor, might be more relevant to predict the mutation status in lung cancer, and consequently may be used to significantly decrease the mortality rate of patients battling this condition. In this work, we investigated the relation between image phenotypes and the mutation status of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), the most frequently mutated gene in lung cancer with several approved targeted-therapies, using radiomic features extracted from the lung containing the nodule. A variety of linear, nonlinear, and ensemble predictive classification models, along with several feature selection methods, were used to classify the binary outcome of wild-type or mutant EGFR mutation status. The results show that a comprehensive approach using a ROI that included the lung with nodule can capture relevant information and successfully predict the EGFR mutation status with increased performance compared to local nodule analyses. Linear Support Vector Machine, Elastic Net, and Logistic Regression, combined with the Principal Component Analysis feature selection method implemented with 70% of variance in the feature set, were the best-performing classifiers, reaching Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.725 to 0.737. This approach that exploits a holistic analysis indicates that information from more extensive regions of the lung containing the nodule allows a more complete lung cancer characterization and should be considered in future radiogenomic studies.
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Health-related quality of life in the randomized phase III trial of brigatinib vs crizotinib in advanced ALK inhibitor-naive ALK + non-small cell lung cancer (ALTA-1L). Lung Cancer 2021; 155:68-77. [PMID: 33744781 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In ALTA-1 L, first-line brigatinib versus crizotinib significantly prolonged progression-free survival in advanced ALK-positive (ALK+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes from ALTA-1 L. MATERIALS AND METHODS HRQOL was assessed using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and lung cancer-specific module (QLQ-LC13). HRQOL time to worsening, change from baseline, and duration of improvement were analyzed. RESULTS EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 compliance was >90 % for both groups (n = 131 each). Brigatinib versus crizotinib significantly delayed time to worsening in the EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status (GHS)/QOL (median: 26.74 vs 8.31 months; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.70; 95 % CI: 0.49, 1.00; log-rank P = 0.0485); emotional functioning, social functioning, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, appetite loss, and constipation scales (log-rank P < 0.05); delays in time to worsening for the physical, role, and cognitive functioning scales were not statistically significant. Mean change from baseline showed greater improvement in GHS/QOL and most EORTC QLQ-C30 functional and symptom scales with brigatinib versus crizotinib. Among patients with GHS/QOL improvement, brigatinib had longer duration of improvement versus crizotinib (median: not reached vs 11.99 months); similar results were seen in the physical, role, emotional, and social functioning; fatigue; nausea and vomiting; and appetite loss scales. Median time to worsening in dyspnea (QLQ-LC13) was 23.98 versus 8.25 months (brigatinib vs crizotinib; HR: 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.39, 1.05). CONCLUSION Brigatinib significantly delayed time to worsening and prolonged duration of improvement in GHS/QOL versus crizotinib, supported by improvement in functional and symptom scores. These preliminary analyses suggest brigatinib is the first ALK inhibitor with better HRQOL versus another ALK inhibitor in ALK inhibitor-naive advanced ALK + NSCLC.
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25
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Zhao Y, Zang G, Yin T, Ma X, Zhou L, Wu L, Daniel R, Wang Y, Qiu J, Wang G. A novel mechanism of inhibiting in-stent restenosis with arsenic trioxide drug-eluting stent: Enhancing contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells via YAP pathway. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:375-385. [PMID: 32954055 PMCID: PMC7484501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arsenic trioxide (ATO or As2O3) has beneficial effects on suppressing neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis, but the mechanism is still unclear. The goal of this study is to further understand the mechanism of ATO's inhibitory effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS Through in vitro cell culture and in vivo stent implanting into the carotid arteries of rabbit, a synthetic-to-contractile phenotypic transition was induced and the proliferation of VSMCs was inhibited by ATO. F-actin filaments were clustered and the elasticity modulus was increased within the phenotypic modulation of VSMCs induced by ATO in vitro. Meanwhile, Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear translocation was inhibited by ATO both in vivo and in vitro. It was found that ROCK inhibitor or YAP inactivator could partially mask the phenotype modulation of ATO on VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of YAP with the ROCK pathway through ATO seems to mediate the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. This provides an indication of the clinical therapeutic mechanism for the beneficial bioactive effect of ATO-drug eluting stent (AES) on in-stent restenosis (ISR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Zhao
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tieying Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xiaoyi Ma
- Beijing Amsinomed Medical Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lifeng Zhou
- Beijing Amsinomed Medical Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lingjuan Wu
- Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Richard Daniel
- Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Juhui Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
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26
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Murugesan S, Murugesan J, Palaniappan S, Palaniappan S, Murugan T, Siddiqui SS, Loganathan S. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Lung Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Analysis. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:55-69. [PMID: 33038912 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666201009130008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading type of cancer worldwide today. Kinases play a crucial role in mediating the signaling pathways, and it directs to control several necessary cellular processes. Conversely, the deregulation of tyrosine kinases leads to oncogenic conversion, uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Tyrosine kinases are largely deregulated in lung cancer and specifically in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, the inhibition of pathogenic kinases is a breakthrough development in cancer research, treatment and care, which clinically improve the quality of life. In the last decades, various single or combination inhibitors are approved by U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and commercially available in clinics, and currently, several preclinical studies are ongoing and examining the kinase inhibitors. However, many gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of kinase inhibitors and their selectivity. In this analysis, we focus on a class of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their novel role in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Murugesan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayakumar Murugesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Seedevi Palaniappan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivasankar Palaniappan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tamilselvi Murugan
- Department of Zoology, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore-641018, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shahid S Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL-60637, United States
| | - Sivakumar Loganathan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem-636011, Tamil Nadu, India
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27
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Ergoren MC, Cobanogulları H, Temel SG, Mocan G. Functional coding/non-coding variants in EGFR, ROS1 and ALK genes and their role in liquid biopsy as a personalized therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 156:103113. [PMID: 33038629 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine holds promise to tailor the treatment options for patients' unique genetic make-up, behavioral and environmental background. Liquid biopsy is non-invasive technique and precise diagnosis and treatment approach. Significantly, NGS technologies have revolutionized the genomic medicine by novel identifying SNPs, indel mutations in both coding and non-coding regions and also a promising technology to accelerate the early detection and finding new biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. The number of the bioinformatics tools have been rapidly increasing with the aim of learning more about the detected mutations either they have a pathogenic role or not. EGFR, ROS1 and ALK genes are members of the RTK family. Until now, mutations within these genes have been associated with many cancers and involved in resistance formation to TKIs. This review article summarized the findings about the mostly investigated variations in EGFR, ROS1 and ALK genes and their potential role in liquid biopsy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, 99138, Cyprus; DESAM Institute, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Havva Cobanogulları
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, 99138, Cyprus; DESAM Institute, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sehime Gulsun Temel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Translational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gamze Mocan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, 99138, Cyprus; Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, 99138, Cyprus
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28
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O’Leary C, Gasper H, Sahin KB, Tang M, Kulasinghe A, Adams MN, Richard DJ, O’Byrne KJ. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E273. [PMID: 32992872 PMCID: PMC7600164 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common oncogenic drivers in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Significant developments have taken place which highlight the differences in tumor biology that exist between the mutant and wild-type subtypes of NSCLC. Patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC have a variety of EGFR-targeting agents available proven to treat their disease. This has led to superior patient outcomes when used as a monotherapy over traditional cytotoxic systemic therapy. Attempts at combining EGFR agents with other anticancer systemic treatment options, such as chemotherapy, antiangiogenic agents, and immunotherapy, have shown varied outcomes. Currently, no specific combination stands out to cause a shift away from the use of single-agent EGFR inhibitors in the first-line setting. Similarly, adjuvant EGFR inhibitors, are yet to significantly add to patient overall survival if used at earlier timepoints in the disease course. Liquid biopsy is an evolving technology with potential promise of being incorporated into the management paradigm of this disease. Data are emerging to suggest that this technique may be capable of identifying early resistance mechanisms and consequential disease progression on the basis of the analysis of blood-based circulating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor O’Leary
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (H.G.); (K.J.O.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Harry Gasper
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (H.G.); (K.J.O.)
| | - Katherine B. Sahin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Ming Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Mark N. Adams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Ken J. O’Byrne
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (H.G.); (K.J.O.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia; (K.B.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (M.N.A.); (D.J.R.)
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4000, Australia
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29
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Serrano MJ, Exposito-Hernández J, Guerrero R, Lopez-Hidalgo J, Aguilar M, Lorente JA, de Álava E, Garrido-Navas MC. From precision medicine to imprecision medicine through limited diagnostic ability to detect low allelic frequency mutations. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:180-183. [PMID: 32420057 PMCID: PMC7225138 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2020.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María José Serrano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Integral Oncology Division, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Rosa Guerrero
- Integral Oncology Division, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Mariano Aguilar
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A Lorente
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Laboratory of Genetic Identification, Department of Legal Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique de Álava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain.,Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - M Carmen Garrido-Navas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
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30
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Fan GH, Zhu TY, Huang J. FNDC5 promotes paclitaxel sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancers via inhibiting MDR1. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109665. [PMID: 32353410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic benefits and clinical application of paclitaxel for treating non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) are extremely hampered due to the chemoresistance. A recent study found that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) was downregulated in NSCLCs cells and negatively correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics in patients with NSCLCs. However, the role and potential molecular basis for FNDC5 in paclitaxel sensitivity of NSCLCs remain unclear. Paclitaxel-sensitive or resistant NSCLCs cell lines were exposed to small interfering RNA against FNDC5 (siFndc5) or recombinant irisin in the presence or absence of paclitaxel. NSCLCs cell lines have decreased FNDC5 expression compared with the normal human lung epithelial cells, which was further downregulated in paclitaxel-resistant cells. Irisin treatment suppressed, whereas Fndc5 silence promoted NSCLCs cells proliferation under basal conditions. Besides, we found that FNDC5 increased paclitaxel chemosensitivity in paclitaxel-sensitive or resistant NSCLCs cell lines via downregulating multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). Further studies revealed that FNDC5 inhibited MDR1 expression via blocking nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. FNDC5 promotes paclitaxel sensitivity of NSCLCs cells via inhibiting NF-κB/MDR1 signaling, and FNDC5 might be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tie-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Exosomes with low miR-34c-3p expression promote invasion and migration of non-small cell lung cancer by upregulating integrin α2β1. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:39. [PMID: 32317629 PMCID: PMC7174429 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes play critical roles in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, including immune stimulation, immune suppression, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Recent studies show that exosomes that transport specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumor development. However, the molecular mechanism by which tumor invasion and migration are regulated by exosomes from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well understood. Here, we show that exosomes shuttling low levels of miR-34c-3p are involved in NSCLC progression. Our results showed that exosomes derived from NSCLC cells carrying low levels of miR-34c-3p could be transported into the cytoplasm of NSCLC cells and accelerate NSCLC invasion and migration by upregulating integrin α2β1. A luciferase assay revealed that integrin α2β1 was the direct target of miR-34c-3p, and overexpression of integrin α2β1 could promote the invasion and migration of NSCLC cells. The analysis of exosomes derived from clinical serum samples indicated that the expression of miR-34c-3p was significantly downregulated in exosomes from NSCLC patients compared with that of normal controls. A549-derived exosomes promoted NSCLC cells lung metastases in vivo. Exosomes shuttling low levels of miR-34c-3p were associated with the progression of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that exosomes shuttling low levels of miR-34c-3p can accelerate the invasion and migration of NSCLC by upregulating integrin α2β1. MiR-34c-3p can be a diagnostic and prognostic marker for NSCLC. High expression of integrin α2β1 is positively related to the migration and metastasis of NSCLC cells.
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Zhang T, Wang R, Li M, Bao J, Chen Y, Ge Y, Jin Y. Comparative study of intratracheal and oral gefitinib for the treatment of primary lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 149:105352. [PMID: 32315772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral gefitinib tablets are widely applied for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) though its broad distribution in the body may result in weak therapeutic efficiency and undesired side effects. Here, liposomal gefitinib dry powder inhalers (LGDs) were prepared using the injection-lyophilization method. LGDs were rough porous particles under a scanning electron microscope, which can be rapidly rehydrated to liposomes. LGDs and gefitinib powders were separately intratracheally (i.t.) administered into the lungs of primary lung cancer rats, while powdered gefitinib tablets were orally administered. Gefitinib was rapidly absorbed from the lung after i.t. administration of LGDs. The maximal gefitinib concentration in the circulation and the area under curve (AUC) of i.t. LGDs were higher than those of i.t. gefitinib powders and oral gefitinib. More importantly, much higher concentration and longer retention of gefitinib in the lung were shown after i.t. administration of LGDs and gefitinib powders but remarkably less drug distribution in the liver compared to oral gefitinib. LGDs showed higher therapeutic effect on rat primary lung cancer than i.t. gefitinib powders and oral gefitinib with reduction of inflammation, weak lung injury, and high apoptosis. Combination of inhalation and liposomes of anticancer drugs is a promising strategy for treatment of primary lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianwei Bao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Yanming Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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33
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Yin J, Zhang H, Wu X, Zhang Y, Li J, Shen J, Zhao Y, Xiao Z, Lu L, Huang C, Zhang Z, Du F, Wu Y, Kaboli PJ, Cho CH, Yuan D, Li M. CD44 inhibition attenuates EGFR signaling and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in human EGFR wild‑type non‑small‑cell lung cancer cells. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1783-1792. [PMID: 32236608 PMCID: PMC7169661 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) as a transmembrane glycoprotein is found to be expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is significantly associated with NSLC progression, metastasis and drug resistance. This study aimed to explore whether CD44 inhibition improves the sensitivity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type NSCLC cells to cisplatin and how it affects wild-type EGFR in NSCLC cells. Small interfering RNA was used to knockdown CD44 expression in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cell line H460. Results suggested that CD44 downregulation reduced cell growth, promoted G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and induced cell apoptosis in H460 cells and these effects were evidently enhanced when in combination with cisplatin. Deactivation of EGFR signaling pathway including EGFR phosphorylation and its downstream molecules, targets ERK, AKT1 and SRC which were also observed in CD44-silenced H460 cells with or without EGF stimulation. Furthermore, the CD44 expression level was positively correlated with wild-type EGFR level in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues and CD44 inhibition significantly accelerated the degradation of EGFR, indicating that enhanced sensitivity of H460 cells to cisplatin by downregulation of CD44 might be due to EGFR degradation. This study demonstrated that suppression of CD44 deactivated EGFR signals in NSCLC cells with wild-type EGFR, thereby contributing to the inhibition of cell proliferation and the reinforcement of cisplatin sensitivity. It is suggested that downregulation of CD44 could be a novel potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EGFR wild-type NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Lan Lu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Chengliang Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- Department of Internal Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Zhang C, He LJ, Zhu YB, Fan QZ, Miao DD, Zhang SP, Zhao WY, Liu XP. Piperlongumine Inhibits Akt Phosphorylation to Reverse Resistance to Cisplatin in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via ROS Regulation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1178. [PMID: 31680961 PMCID: PMC6798055 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance is a major concern when administering chemotherapy to patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chemosensitizer are agents that can reverse resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, thereby enhancing the chemosensitivity of tumor cells. Thus, their development will improve therapeutic efficacy in cancer. However, few effective chemosensitizer have been identified to date. Piperlongumine (PL) has been shown to effectively reverse resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in several types of cancers. However, the mechanisms associated with the chemotherapy resistance reversal effect of PL and its regulation of target factors in chemotherapy resistance cells are still unclear. This study investigated the reversal effect of PL both in vitro and in vivo, and provided evidence that PL inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt via the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in chemotherapy resistance cells. Consequently, various Akt activation-dependent genes caused a reduction of drug efflux and induction of apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant A549 NSCLC cells. Our results indicate that Akt phosphorylation may play a functional role in the reversal effect of PL and contribute, at least in part, to the treatment outcomes of patients with chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lian-Jun He
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yi-Bao Zhu
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qing-Zhu Fan
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Dong-Dong Miao
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Zhang
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen-Ying Zhao
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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35
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Feng S, Wang H, Wang Y, Sun R, Xie Y, Zhou Z, Wang H, Aa J, Zhou F, Wang G. Apatinib induces 3-hydroxybutyric acid production in the liver of mice by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation to aid its antitumor effect. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3328-3339. [PMID: 31429167 PMCID: PMC6778632 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Apatinib, an antiangiogenic agent, shows efficient antitumor activity in a broad range of malignancies. Considering tumor is a type of metabolic disease, we investigated the metabolomics changes in serum and tumor after apatinib treatment and the molecular mechanism of characteristic changes associated with its antitumor efficacy. Molecules in serum and tumor tissue were extracted and analyzed by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolic platform. Apatinib significantly inhibited e tumor growth and alleviated metabolic rearrangement in both serum and tumor of A549 xenograft mice. Among these endogenous metabolites, 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HB) was significantly increased in serum, tumor and liver after apatinib treatment. Interestingly, giving exogenous 3-HB also inhibited tumor growth. Gene expression, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and molecular docking analysis all indicated that apatinib could induce 3-HB production through the dependent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and promotion of fatty acid utilization in the liver. Therefore, increased content of 3-HB induced by PPARα activation in the liver partially contributed to the antitumor effect of apatinib. It may provide clues to another potential mechanism underlying the antitumor effect of apatinib besides its antiangiogenic effect through inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, York College, The City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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36
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Ahsan T, Sajib AA. Drug-response related genetic architecture of Bangladeshi population. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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37
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Sun W, Yang Z, Lin H, Liu M, Zhao C, Hou X, Hu Z, Cui B. Improvement in affinity and thermostability of a fully human antibody against interleukin-17A by yeast-display technology and CDR grafting. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:960-972. [PMID: 31649846 PMCID: PMC6804450 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are widely used in many fields due to their high specificity and ability to recognize a broad range of antigens. IL-17A can induce a rapid inflammatory response both alone and synergistically with other proinflammatory cytokines. Accumulating evidence suggests that therapeutic intervention of IL-17A signaling offers an attractive treatment option for autoimmune diseases and cancer. Here, we present a combinatorial approach for optimizing the affinity and thermostability of a novel anti-hIL-17A antibody. From a large naïve phage-displayed library, we isolated the anti-IL-17A mAb 7H9 that can neutralize the effects of recombinant human IL-17A. However, the modest neutralization potency and poor thermostability limit its therapeutic applications. In vitro affinity optimization was then used to generate 8D3 by using yeast-displayed random mutagenesis libraries. This resulted in four key amino acid changes and provided an approximately 15-fold potency increase in a cell-based neutralization assay. Complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of 8D3 were further grafted onto the stable framework of the huFv 4D5 to improve thermostability. The resulting hybrid antibody 9NT/S has superior stabilization and affinities beyond its original antibody. Human fibrosarcoma cell-based assays and in vivo analyses in mice indicated that the anti-IL-17A antibody 9NT/S efficiently inhibited the secretion of IL-17A-induced proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this lead anti-IL-17A mAb might be used as a potential best-in-class candidate for treating IL-17A related diseases.
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Key Words
- AIN457, secukinumab
- Antibody engineering
- Antibody maturation
- CDR grafting
- CDRs, complementarity-determining regions
- FACS, fluorescent-activated cell sorting
- HC, heavy chain
- HRP, horse radish peroxidase
- KD, dissociation constant
- Koff, the dissociation rate constant
- Kon, the association rate constant
- LC, light chain
- LY2439821, ixekizumab
- MACS, magnetic-activated cell sorting
- MFI, mean fluorescence intensity
- Monoclonal antibody
- Phage display
- VH, the variable regions of heavy chains
- VL, the variable regions of light chains
- YSD, yeast surface display
- Yeast surface display
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- scFv, single-chain variable fragment
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bing Cui
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 10 83165034.
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38
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Synthesis and anti-cancer activity of ND-646 and its derivatives as acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 inhibitors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 137:105010. [PMID: 31325544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-coA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo fatty acid synthesis (FASyn) pathway. In this study, through public database analysis and clinic sample test, we for the first time verified that ACC1 mRNA is overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is accompanied by reduced DNA methylation at CpG island S shore of ACC1. Our study further demonstrated that higher ACC1 levels are associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Besides, we developed a novel synthetic route for preparation of a known ACC inhibitor ND-646, synthesized a series of its derivatives and evaluated their activity against the enzyme ACC1 and the A549 cell. As results, most of the tested compounds showed potent ACC1 inhibitory activity with IC50 values 3-10 nM. Among them, compounds A2, A7 and A9 displayed strong cancer inhibitory activity with IC50 values 9-17 nM by impairing cell growth and inducing cell death. Preliminary SAR analysis clearly suggested that (R)-configuration and amide group were vital to ACC1 and A549 inhibition, since compound (S)-A1 (the enantiomer of ND-646) had poor activity of ACC1 inhibition and the carboxylic acid ND-630 almost lost anticancer effect on A549 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that ACC1 is a potential biomarker and target for non-small-cell lung cancer, and ND-646 and its derivatives as ACC1 inhibitors deserve further study for treatment of NSCLC.
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Church DL, Naugler C. Benefits and risks of standardization, harmonization and conformity to opinion in clinical laboratories. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:287-306. [PMID: 31060412 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1615408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Large laboratory systems that include facilities with a range of capabilities and capacity are being created within consolidated healthcare systems. This paradigm shift is being driven by administrators and payers seeking to achieve resource efficiencies and to conform practice to the requirements of computerization as well as the adoption of electronic medical records. Although standardization and harmonization of practice improves patient care outcomes and operational efficiencies, administratively driven practice conformity (conformity to opinion) also has serious drawbacks and may lead to significant system failure. Juxtaposition of the distinct philosophical approaches of physicians and scientists (i.e. "professionalism") versus administrators and managers (i.e. "managerialism") towards bringing about conformity of the laboratory system inherently creates conflict. Despite an administrative edict to "perform all tests using the same methods" regardless of available "best practice" evidence to do so, medical/scientific input on these decisions is critical to ensure quality and safety of patient care. Innovation within the laboratory system, including the adoption of advanced technologies, practices, and personalized medicine initiatives, will be enabled by balancing the relentless drive by non-medical administration to meet "business" requirements, the medical responsibility to provide the best care possible, and customizing practice to meet individual patient care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre L Church
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,b Department of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Christopher Naugler
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,c Department of Community Health Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.,d Department of Family Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
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40
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Wei C, Yao X, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Zhang D, Chen X, Fan X, Xie C, Cheng J, Fu J, Leung ELH. Cordycepin Inhibits Drug-resistance Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Activating AMPK Signaling Pathway. Pharmacol Res 2019; 144:79-89. [PMID: 30974169 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and it is also the most leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although multiple generations of targeted therapeutic drugs such as gefitinib and afatinib specifically targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway are currently available for lung cancer treatment, none of them can escape their eventual drug-resistance. As a key component of Cordyceps Sinensis and widely used in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), cordycepin (CD) has attracted increasing attention to both scientists and clinicians. We aimed to explore the potential in developing cordycepin (CD) as an anti-lung cancer drug. A systematic analysis was conducted on a panel of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to identify the cells sensitive to CD. We found that CD can affect different aspects of lung cancer development including proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We then explored the underlying molecular mechanisms of CD-mediated NSCLC cell apoptosis by conducting a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. We found that in addition to affecting different stages of NSCLC development including tumor growth, migration, and invasion, the CD is capable of inhibiting NSCLC cell cycle progression and inducing cancer cell apoptosis without apparent adverse effect on normal lung cells. Furthermore, we found that the cells containing EGFR mutations are more sensitive to CD treatment than those without. Mechanistically, CD induces NSCLC cell apoptosis by interacting with and activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). More importantly, we found that the potency of CD's anticancer effect both in vitro and in vivo is comparable to afatinib and even better than gefitinib. Our findings suggest that CD either by itself or in combination with the currently available targeted therapeutic drugs might be additional therapeutic options for drug-resistance NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China; Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Zebo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, PA, 19131, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China; Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States
| | - Xingxing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Chun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China; Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China; Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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41
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Zhou J, Zhao C, Zhao J, Wang Q, Chu X, Li J, Zhou F, Ren S, Li X, Su C, Zhou C. Re-biopsy and liquid biopsy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer after EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:957-965. [PMID: 30887673 PMCID: PMC6449239 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Re‐biopsy is important for exploring resistance mechanisms, especially for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who develop resistance to EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Liquid biopsy using circulating tumor DNA has come into use for this purpose. This retrospective study investigated the status of re‐biopsy and liquid biopsy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations and evaluated their effect on clinical strategies and prognosis. Methods Five hundred fifty‐five NSCLC patients with resistance to EGFR‐TKIs were included and divided into three groups: re‐biopsy, liquid biopsy, and no re‐biopsy. Amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR or super ARMS PCR was used to detect EGFR mutations. Results Three hundred eight (55.5%) patients underwent re‐biopsy; 45.5% (140/308) were positive for T790M. The most common re‐biopsy procedure was computed tomography‐guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (60.1%), followed by effusion drainage (29.5%) and superficial lymph node biopsy (6.5%). One hundred eighteen (21.3%) patients underwent liquid biopsy; the T790M detection rate was 41.5% (49/118.) Of the 308 patients who underwent re‐biopsy, 69 were examined for EGFR mutations with plasma. The concordance rate of T790M detection between tissue and plasma was 66.7%. A statistical difference in further treatment after EGFR‐TKI failure was observed among all groups (P = 0.014). Patients in the biopsy groups were more likely to receive third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs. Multivariate analysis showed that re‐biopsy had a significant impact on overall survival (P < 0.001). Conclusion Re‐biopsy plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with NSCLC and resistance to EGFR‐TKIs. Liquid biopsy may be an alternative if difficulties performing re‐biopsy exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangling Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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