1
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Wang D, Deng X, Wang J, Che S, Ma X, Zhang S, Dong Q, Huang C, Chen J, Shi C, Zhang MR, Hu K, Luo L, Xiao Z. Environmentally responsive hydrogel promotes vascular normalization to enhance STING anti-tumor immunity. J Control Release 2024; 372:403-416. [PMID: 38914207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive microenvironment of malignant tumors severely hampers the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapy. Moreover, abnormal tumor vasculature interacts with immune cells, forming a vicious cycle that further interferes with anti-tumor immunity and promotes tumor progression. Our pre-basic found excellent anti-tumor effects of c-di-AMP and RRx-001, respectively, and we further explored whether they could be combined synergistically for anti-tumor immunotherapy. We chose to load these two drugs on PVA-TSPBA hydrogel scaffolds that expressly release drugs within the tumor microenvironment by in situ injection. Studies have shown that c-di-AMP activates the STING pathway, enhances immune cell infiltration, and reverses tumor immunosuppression. Meanwhile, RRx-001 releases nitric oxide, which increases oxidative stress injury in tumor cells and promotes apoptosis. Moreover, the combination of the two presented more powerful pro-vascular normalization and reversed tumor immunosuppression than the drug alone. This study demonstrates a new design option for anti-tumor combination therapy and the potential of tumor environmentally responsive hydrogel scaffolds in combination with anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiujiao Deng
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuang Che
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaocong Ma
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Shenhe People's Hospital), Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiu Dong
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cuiqing Huang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jifeng Chen
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Changzheng Shi
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical, Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 2638555, Japan
| | - Kuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Liangping Luo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Shenhe People's Hospital), Heyuan 517000, China.
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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2
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Liang Y, Zhang S, Wang D, Ji P, Zhang B, Wu P, Wang L, Liu Z, Wang J, Duan Y, Yuan L. Dual-Functional Nanodroplet for Tumor Vasculature Ultrasound Imaging and Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment Remodeling. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401274. [PMID: 39031111 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Accurately evaluating tumor neoangiogenesis and conducting precise interventions toward an immune-favorable microenvironment are of significant clinical importance. In this study, a novel nanodroplet termed as the nanodroplet-based ultrasound contrast agent and therapeutic (NDsUCA/Tx) is designed for ultrasound imaging and precise interventions of tumor neoangiogenesis. Briefly, the NDsUCA/Tx shell is constructed from an engineered CMs containing the tumor antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) extracellular domain 2-3, and CD93 ligand multimerin 2. The core is composed of perfluorohexane and the immune adjuvant R848. After injection, NDsUCA/Tx is found to be enriched in the tumor vasculature with high expression of CD93. When triggered by ultrasound, the perfluorohexane in NDsUCA/Tx underwent acoustic droplet vaporization and generated an enhanced ultrasound signal. Some microbubbles exploded and the resultant debris (with tumor antigen and R848) together with the adsorbed VEGF are taken up by nearby cells. This cleared the local VEGF for vascular normalization, and also served as a vaccine to activate the immune response. Using a syngeneic mouse model, the satisfactory performance of NDsUCA/Tx in tumor vasculature imaging and immune activation is confirmed. Thus, a multifunctional NDsUCA/Tx is successfully developed for molecular imaging of tumor neoangiogenesis and precise remodeling of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Siyan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Ji
- Department of Digestive Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Pengying Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Lantian Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyou Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Yunyou Duan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
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3
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Shubhra QTH, Feczkó T, Cai Q. Beyond the danger signal: RNA aggregates orchestrate immunotherapy. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00154-0. [PMID: 38866645 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Mendez-Gomez et al. recently demonstrated the transformative potential of RNA-lipid particle aggregates (RNA-LPAs) in immunotherapy. By reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME) and potentiating antitumor immunity, RNA-LPAs target primary tumors and elicit robust systemic immunity. This innovative platform holds promise for translating preclinical success into tangible clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quazi T H Shubhra
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-003 Katowice, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Tivadar Feczkó
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Qiang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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4
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Xiao Z, Cui X, Liu F, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Tumor vascular disrupting agent 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA): Suppresses macrophage capping protein beyond STING activation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167149. [PMID: 38565383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The vascular disrupting agent (VDA) 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) induces apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells and leads to tumor hemorrhagic necrosis. While DMXAA has been proven to be a potent agonist of murine stimulator of interferon genes (mSTING), it has little effect on human-STING (hSTING). This species selectivity of DMXAA may explain its effectiveness against solid tumors in mice and its failure in clinical trials. However, DMXAA did reduce tumor volume in some patients during clinical trials. These paradoxical results have prompted us to investigate the anti-tumor mechanism of DMXAA beyond STING in the destruction of tumor vasculature in humans. In this study, we demonstrated that DMXAA binds to both human and mouse macrophage capping protein (CapG), with a KD of 5.839 μM for hCapG and a KD of 2.867 μM for mCapG, as determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis. Homology modeling and molecular docking analysis of hCapG indicated that the critical residues involved in the hydrogen bond interaction of DMXAA with hCapG were Arg153, Thr151, and GLN141, Asn234. In addition, electrostatic pi-cation interaction occurred between DMXAA and hCapG. Further functional studies revealed that CapG protein plays a crucial role in the effects of DMXAA on human umbilical endothelial vein cell (HUEVC) angiogenesis and migration, as well as the expression of cytoskeletal proteins actin and tubulin, and the invasion of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Our study has originally uncovered a novel cross-species pathway underlying the antitumor vascular disruption of DMXAA extends beyond STING activation. This finding deepens our understanding of the multifaceted actions of flavonoid VDAs in animal models and in clinical settings, and may provide insights for the precise therapy of DMXAA based on the biomarker CapG protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xia Cui
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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5
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Li X, Deng Y, Li Z, Zhao H. A novel angiogenesis-associated risk score predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumor microenvironment in colon cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2094-2107. [PMID: 38881939 PMCID: PMC11170505 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can promote the proliferation and metastases of colon cancer (CC). However, there is a lack of bioinformatics analysis to comprehensively clarify the molecular characteristics, immune interaction characteristics and predictive values of angiogenesis characteristics in CC patients. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive elucidation of the correlation between angiogenesis and CC for the purpose of improving the clinical management of CC. Methods Angiogenesis-associated genes (AAGs) were evaluated in the population of CC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus dataset. The expression, prognostic role, and immune cell infiltration of AAGs were assessed first. And then we established the AAGs score to further explore the prognosis and treatment response of angiogenesis characteristics in individual patient. Results Totally, we identified two different molecular subtypes of angiogenesis, and there was a significant difference in the background of genome, expression profiles, prognosis, and characteristics of TME between two subtypes. And the AAGs score was independently associated with over survival in CC patients, the prognostic value was significant and confirmed in the entire cohort. And we also constructed a nomogram based on the risk score and clinical parameters to maximize the predictive ability of the risk score. Additionally, the AAGs score was significantly correlated with the tumor mutation burden score, cancer stem cell score and drug sensitivity. Conclusions Our study elucidated the role of angiogenesis characteristics in CC and the AAGs score could help clinicians plan for individual management with chemotherapy agents and promote the development of immunotherapy in CC. Prospective studies need to be conducted to further confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqiao Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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6
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Zhao Y, Wu Y, Islam K, Paul R, Zhou Y, Qin X, Li Q, Liu Y. Microphysiologically Engineered Vessel-Tumor Model to Investigate Vascular Transport Dynamics of Immune Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38652824 PMCID: PMC11082852 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to combat cancer effectively. However, it is hard to observe and quantify how this in vivo process happens. Three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic vessel-tumor models offer valuable capability to study how immune cells transport during cancer progression. We presented an advanced 3D vessel-supported tumor model consisting of the endothelial lumen and vessel network for the study of T cells' transportation. The process of T cell transport through the vessel network and interaction with tumor spheroids was represented and monitored in vitro. Specifically, we demonstrate that the endothelial glycocalyx serving in the T cells' transport can influence the endothelium-immune interaction. Furthermore, after vascular transport, how programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibition influences the delivered activated-T cells on tumor killing was evaluated. Our in vitro vessel-tumor model provides a microphysiologically engineered platform to represent T cell vascular transportation during tumor immunotherapy. The reported innovative vessel-tumor platform is believed to have the potential to explore the tumor-induced immune response mechanism and preclinically evaluate immunotherapy's effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhao
- Department
of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yue Wu
- Department
of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Khayrul Islam
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Ratul Paul
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yuyuan Zhou
- Department
of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Xiaochen Qin
- Department
of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Qiying Li
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department
of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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7
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Yi SY, Wei MZ, Zhao L. Targeted immunotherapy to cancer stem cells: A novel strategy of anticancer immunotherapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104313. [PMID: 38428702 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major disease that endangers human health. Cancer drug resistance and relapse are the two main causes contributing to cancer treatment failure. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small fraction of tumor cells that are responsible for tumorigenesis, metastasis, relapse, and resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. Therefore, CSCs are considered to be the root of cancer recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Novel anticancer strategies need to face this new challenge and explore their efficacy against CSCs. Recently, immunotherapy has made rapid advances in cancer treatment, and its potential against CSCs is also an interesting area of research. Meanwhile, immunotherapy strategies are novel therapeutic modalities with promising results in targeting CSCs. In this review, we summarize the targeting of CSCs by various immunotherapy strategies such as monoclonal antibodies(mAb), tumor vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor-T cells(CAR-T) in pre-clinical and clinical studies. This review provides new insights into the application of these immunotherapeutic approaches to potential anti-tumor therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yong Yi
- Department of Oncology of the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou, Henan Province 450007, China.
| | - Mei-Zhuo Wei
- Department of Oncology of the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou, Henan Province 450007, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Oncology of the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou, Henan Province 450007, China.
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8
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Pan X, Ni S, Hu K. Nanomedicines for reversing immunosuppressive microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomaterials 2024; 306:122481. [PMID: 38286109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Although immunotherapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have gained promising advances, their limited efficacy and significant toxicity remain great challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy. The tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME) with insufficient T-cell infiltration and low immunogenicity accounts for most HCC patients' poor response to ICIs. Worse still, the current immunotherapeutics without precise delivery may elicit enormous autoimmune side effects and systemic toxicity in the clinic. With a better understanding of the TIME in HCC, nanomedicines have emerged as an efficient strategy to achieve remodeling of the TIME and superadditive antitumor effects via targeted delivery of immunotherapeutics or multimodal synergistic therapy. Based on the typical characteristics of the TIME in HCC, this review summarizes the recent advancements in nanomedicine-based strategies for TIME-reversing HCC treatment. Additionally, perspectives on the awaiting challenges and opportunities of nanomedicines in modulating the TIME of HCC are presented. Acquisition of knowledge of nanomedicine-mediated TIME reversal will provide researchers with a better opportunity for clinical translation of HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xier Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuting Ni
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kaili Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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9
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Hirth E, Cao W, Peltonen M, Kapetanovic E, Dietsche C, Svanberg S, Filippova M, Reddy S, Dittrich PS. Self-assembled and perfusable microvasculature-on-chip for modeling leukocyte trafficking. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:292-304. [PMID: 38086670 PMCID: PMC10793075 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00719g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment from blood to tissue is a process that occurs at the level of capillary vessels during both physiological and pathological conditions. This process is also relevant for evaluating novel adoptive cell therapies, in which the trafficking of therapeutic cells such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells throughout the capillaries of solid tumors is important. Local variations in blood flow, mural cell concentration, and tissue stiffness contribute to the regulation of capillary vascular permeability and leukocyte trafficking throughout the capillary microvasculature. We developed a platform to mimic a biologically functional human arteriole-venule microcirculation system consisting of pericytes (PCs) and arterial and venous primary endothelial cells (ECs) embedded within a hydrogel, which self-assembles into a perfusable, heterogeneous microvasculature. Our device shows a preferential association of PCs with arterial ECs that drives the flow-dependent formation of microvasculature networks. We show that PCs stimulate basement membrane matrix synthesis, which affects both vessel diameter and permeability in a manner correlating with the ratio of ECs to PCs. Moreover, we demonstrate that hydrogel concentration can affect capillary morphology but has no observed effect on vascular permeability. The biological function of our capillary network was demonstrated using an inflammation model, where significantly higher expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules was observed after tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) treatment. Accordingly, T cell adherence and transendothelial migration were significantly increased in the immune-activated state. Taken together, our platform allows the generation of a perfusable microvasculature that recapitulates the structure and function of an in vivo capillary bed that can be used as a model for developing potential immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hirth
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Wuji Cao
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marina Peltonen
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Edo Kapetanovic
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Claudius Dietsche
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sara Svanberg
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Filippova
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sai Reddy
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Petra S Dittrich
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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10
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Swamy K. Therapeutic In Situ Cancer Vaccine Using Pulsed Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy-A Translational Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:7. [PMID: 38276666 PMCID: PMC10819354 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Both radiation and cancer therapeutic vaccine research are more than 100 years old, and their potential is likely underexplored. Antiangiogenics, nanoparticle targeting, and immune modulators are some other established anticancer therapies. In the meantime, immunotherapy usage is gaining momentum in clinical applications. This article proposes the concept of a pulsed/intermittent/cyclical endothelial-sparing single-dose in situ vaccination (ISVRT) schedule distinguishable from the standard therapeutic stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) plans. This ISVRT schedule can repeatedly generate tumor-specific neoantigens and epitopes for primary and immune modulation effects, augment supplementary immune enhancement techniques, activate long-term memory cells, avoid extracellular matrix fibrosis, and essentially synchronize with the vascular normalized immunity cycle. The core mechanisms of ISVRT impacting in situ vaccination would be optimizing cascading antigenicity and adjuvanticity. The present proposed hypothesis can be validated using the algorithm presented. The indications for the proposed concept are locally progressing/metastatic cancers that have failed standard therapies. Immunotherapy/targeted therapy, chemotherapy, antiangiogenics, and vascular-lymphatic normalization are integral to such an approach.
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11
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Abizanda-Campo S, Virumbrales-Muñoz M, Humayun M, Marmol I, Beebe DJ, Ochoa I, Oliván S, Ayuso JM. Microphysiological systems for solid tumor immunotherapy: opportunities and challenges. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:154. [PMID: 38106674 PMCID: PMC10724276 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy remains more effective for hematologic tumors than for solid tumors. One of the main challenges to immunotherapy of solid tumors is the immunosuppressive microenvironment these tumors generate, which limits the cytotoxic capabilities of immune effector cells (e.g., cytotoxic T and natural killer cells). This microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia, nutrient starvation, accumulated waste products, and acidic pH. Tumor-hijacked cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, and T regulatory cells, also contribute to this inhospitable microenvironment for immune cells by secreting immunosuppressive cytokines that suppress the antitumor immune response and lead to immune evasion. Thus, there is a strong interest in developing new drugs and cell formulations that modulate the tumor microenvironment and reduce tumor cell immune evasion. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are versatile tools that may accelerate the development and evaluation of these therapies, although specific examples showcasing the potential of MPSs remain rare. Advances in microtechnologies have led to the development of sophisticated microfluidic devices used to recapitulate tumor complexity. The resulting models, also known as microphysiological systems (MPSs), are versatile tools with which to decipher the molecular mechanisms driving immune cell antitumor cytotoxicity, immune cell exhaustion, and immune cell exclusion and to evaluate new targeted immunotherapies. Here, we review existing microphysiological platforms to study immuno-oncological applications and discuss challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abizanda-Campo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME lab), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Virumbrales-Muñoz
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Mouhita Humayun
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ines Marmol
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME lab), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David J Beebe
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME lab), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Oliván
- Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME lab), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M Ayuso
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
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12
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Attalla SS, Boucher J, Proud H, Taifour T, Zuo D, Sanguin-Gendreau V, Ling C, Johnson G, Li V, Luo RB, Kuasne H, Papavasiliou V, Walsh LA, Barok M, Joensuu H, Park M, Roux PP, Muller WJ. HER2Δ16 Engages ENPP1 to Promote an Immune-Cold Microenvironment in Breast Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1184-1202. [PMID: 37311021 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) is a critical determinant of therapeutic response. However, the mechanisms regulating its modulation are not fully understood. HER2Δ16, an oncogenic splice variant of the HER2, has been implicated in breast cancer and other tumor types as a driver of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of HER2Δ16-mediated oncogenicity remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HER2∆16 expression is not exclusive to the clinically HER2+ subtype and associates with a poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. To understand how HER2 variants modulated the tumor microenvironment, we generated transgenic mouse models expressing either proto-oncogenic HER2 or HER2Δ16 in the mammary epithelium. We found that HER2∆16 tumors were immune cold, characterized by low immune infiltrate and an altered cytokine profile. Using an epithelial cell surface proteomic approach, we identified ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) as a functional regulator of the immune cold microenvironment. We generated a knock-in model of HER2Δ16 under the endogenous promoter to understand the role of Enpp1 in aggressive HER2+ breast cancer. Knockdown of Enpp1 in HER2Δ16-derived tumor cells resulted in decreased tumor growth, which correlated with increased T-cell infiltration. These findings suggest that HER2Δ16-dependent Enpp1 activation associates with aggressive HER2+ breast cancer through its immune modulatory function. Our study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying HER2Δ16-mediated oncogenicity and highlights ENPP1 as a potential therapeutic target in aggressive HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Samer Attalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Boucher
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hailey Proud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tarek Taifour
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dongmei Zuo
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Virginie Sanguin-Gendreau
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Chen Ling
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriella Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robin B Luo
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vasilios Papavasiliou
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Logan A Walsh
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mark Barok
- Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Morag Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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13
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Farasati Far B, Safaei M, Mokhtari F, Fallahi MS, Naimi-Jamal MR. Fundamental concepts of protein therapeutics and spacing in oncology: an updated comprehensive review. Med Oncol 2023; 40:166. [PMID: 37147486 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment regimens in cancer cases cause significant side effects and cannot effectively eradicate the advanced disease. Hence, much effort has been expended over the past years to understand how cancer grows and responds to therapies. Meanwhile, proteins as a type of biopolymers have been under commercial development for over three decades and have been proven to improve the healthcare system as effective medicines for treating many types of progressive disease, such as cancer. Following approving the first recombinant protein therapeutics by FDA (Humulin), there have been a revolution for drawing attention toward protein-based therapeutics (PTs). Since then, the ability to tailor proteins with ideal pharmacokinetics has provided the pharmaceutical industry with an important noble path to discuss the clinical potential of proteins in oncology research. Unlike traditional chemotherapy molecules, PTs actively target cancerous cells by binding to their surface receptors and the other biomarkers particularly associated with tumorous or healthy tissue. This review analyzes the potential and limitations of protein therapeutics (PTs) in the treatment of cancer as well as highlighting the evolving strategies by addressing all possible factors, including pharmacology profile and targeted therapy approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of PTs in oncology, including their pharmacology profile, targeted therapy approaches, and prospects. The reviewed data show that several current and future challenges remain to make PTs a promising and effective anticancer drug, such as safety, immunogenicity, protein stability/degradation, and protein-adjuvant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Safaei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Via Mersin 10, TR. North Cyprus, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani (ASMU), Tabriz, 53751-71379, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Nguyen HT, Peirsman A, Tirpakova Z, Mandal K, Vanlauwe F, Maity S, Kawakita S, Khorsandi D, Herculano R, Umemura C, Yilgor C, Bell R, Hanson A, Li S, Nanda HS, Zhu Y, Najafabadi AH, Jucaud V, Barros N, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. Engineered Vasculature for Cancer Research and Regenerative Medicine. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:978. [PMID: 37241602 PMCID: PMC10221678 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Engineered human tissues created by three-dimensional cell culture of human cells in a hydrogel are becoming emerging model systems for cancer drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Complex functional engineered tissues can also assist in the regeneration, repair, or replacement of human tissues. However, one of the main hurdles for tissue engineering, three-dimensional cell culture, and regenerative medicine is the capability of delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells through the vasculatures. Several studies have investigated different strategies to create a functional vascular system in engineered tissues and organ-on-a-chips. Engineered vasculatures have been used for the studies of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, as well as drug and cell transports across the endothelium. Moreover, vascular engineering allows the creation of large functional vascular conduits for regenerative medicine purposes. However, there are still many challenges in the creation of vascularized tissue constructs and their biological applications. This review will summarize the latest efforts to create vasculatures and vascularized tissues for cancer research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Tuan Nguyen
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Arne Peirsman
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zuzana Tirpakova
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Florian Vanlauwe
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Rondinelli Herculano
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Christian Umemura
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Can Yilgor
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Remy Bell
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Adrian Hanson
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Shaopei Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, PDPM—Indian Institute of Information Technology Design Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Natan Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
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15
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Esteves M, Silva C, Bovolini A, Pereira SS, Morais T, Moreira Â, Costa MM, Monteiro MP, Duarte JA. Regular Voluntary Running is Associated with Increased Tumor Vascularization and Immune Cell Infiltration and Decreased Tumor Growth in Mice. Int J Sports Med 2023. [PMID: 36931293 DOI: 10.1055/a-2008-7732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumors present dysfunctional vasculature that limits blood perfusion and hinders immune cells delivery. We aimed to investigate if regular voluntary running promotes tumor vascular remodelling, improves intratumoral immune cells infiltration and inhibits tumor growth. Tumors were induced in C57BL/6 male mice (n=28) by subcutaneous inoculation in the dorsal region with a suspension of RM1 cells (1.5×105 cells/500 µL PBS) and randomly allocated into two groups: sedentary (n=14) and voluntarily exercised on a wheel (n=14). Seven mice from each group were sacrificed 14 and 28 days after cells' inoculation to evaluate tumor weight, microvessel density, vessels' lumen regularity and the intratumoral quantity of NKG2D receptors, CD4+and CD8+T cells, by immunohistochemistry. The statistical inference was done through a two-way ANOVA. Exercised mice developed smaller tumors at 14 (0.17±0.1 g vs. 0.48±0.2 g, p<0.05) and 28 (0.92±0.7 g vs. 2.09±1.3 g, p<0.05) days, with higher microvessel density (21.20±3.2 vs. 15.86±4.0 vessels/field, p<0.05), more regular vessels' lumen (1.06±0.2 vs. 1.43±0.2, p<0.05), and higher CD8+T cells (464.95±48.0 vs. 364.70±49.4 cells/mm2, p<0.01), after 28 days. NKG2D expression was higher in exercised mice at 14 (263.27±25.8 cells/mm2, p<0.05) and 28 (295.06±56.2 cells/mm2, p<0.001) days. Regular voluntary running modulates tumor vasculature, increases immune cells infiltration and attenuates tumor growth, in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Esteves
- Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa (FP-I3ID), Escola Superior de Saude Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Bovolini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia S Pereira
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Morais
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Moreira
- Communication Unit, Universidade do Porto Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena M Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana P Monteiro
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jose Alberto Duarte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal.,TOXRUN, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portuga
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16
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Li DD, Tang YL, Wang X. Challenges and exploration for immunotherapies targeting cold colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:55-68. [PMID: 36684057 PMCID: PMC9850757 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant breakthroughs in the treatment of various tumors, greatly improving clinical efficacy. As the fifth most common antitumor treatment strategy for patients with solid tumors after surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy, the therapeutic response to ICIs largely depends on the number and spatial distribution of effector T cells that can effectively identify and kill tumor cells, features that are also important when distinguishing malignant tumors from “cold tumors” or “hot tumors”. At present, only a small proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or who are microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) can benefit from ICI treatments because these patients have the characteristics of a “hot tumor”, with a high tumor mutational burden (TMB) and massive immune cell infiltration, making the tumor more easily recognized by the immune system. In contrast, a majority of CRC patients with proficient MMR (pMMR) or who are microsatellite stable (MSS) have a low TMB, lack immune cell infiltration, and have almost no response to immune monotherapy; thus, these tumors are “cold”. The greatest challenge today is how to improve the immunotherapy response of “cold tumor” patients. With the development of clinical research, immunotherapies combined with other treatment strategies (such as targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) have now become potentially effective clinical strategies and research hotspots. Therefore, the question of how to promote the transformation of “cold tumors” to “hot tumors” and break through the bottleneck of immunotherapy for cold tumors in CRC patients urgently requires consideration. Only by developing an in-depth understanding of the immunotherapy mechanisms of cold CRCs can we screen out the immunotherapy-dominant groups and explore the most suitable treatment options for individuals to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Li
- Department of Abdominal Oncology/Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan-Ling Tang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology/Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology/Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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17
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Jiang M, Qin B, Li X, Liu Y, Guan G, You J. New advances in pharmaceutical strategies for sensitizing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and clinical research. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1837. [PMID: 35929522 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Attempts have been made continuously to use nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) to improve the effect of antitumor therapy. In recent years, especially in the application of immunotherapy represented by antiprogrammed death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1), it has been vigorously developed. Nanodelivery systems are significantly superior in a number of aspects including increasing the solubility of insoluble drugs, enhancing their targeting ability, prolonging their half-life, and reducing side effects. It can not only directly improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, but also indirectly enhance the antineoplastic efficacy of immunotherapy by boosting the effectiveness of therapeutic modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT). Here, we summarize the studies published in recent years on the use of nanotechnology in pharmaceutics to improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibodies, analyze their characteristics and shortcomings, and combine with the current clinical research on anti-PD-1 antibodies to provide a reference for the design of future nanocarriers, so as to further expand the clinical application prospects of NDDSs. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guannan Guan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Intelligent nanotherapeutic strategies for the delivery of CRISPR system. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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19
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Targeted nanomedicines remodeling immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4327-4347. [PMID: 36561994 PMCID: PMC9764075 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety and long-term memory ability. Discouragingly, low patient response rates and potential immune-related side effects make it rather challenging to literally bring immunotherapy from bench to bedside. However, it has become evident that, although the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in facilitating tumor progression and metastasis, it also provides various potential targets for remodeling the immunosuppressive TME, which can consequently bolster the effectiveness of antitumor response and tumor suppression. Additionally, the particular characteristics of TME, in turn, can be exploited as avenues for designing diverse precise targeting nanomedicines. In general, it is of urgent necessity to deliver nanomedicines for remodeling the immunosuppressive TME, thus improving the therapeutic outcomes and clinical translation prospects of immunotherapy. Herein, we will illustrate several formation mechanisms of immunosuppressive TME. More importantly, a variety of strategies concerning remodeling immunosuppressive TME and strengthening patients' immune systems, will be reviewed. Ultimately, we will discuss the existing obstacles and future perspectives in the development of antitumor immunotherapy. Hopefully, the thriving bloom of immunotherapy will bring vibrancy to further exploration of comprehensive cancer treatment.
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20
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Hoseinzadeh A, Ghoddusi Johari H, Anbardar MH, Tayebi L, Vafa E, Abbasi M, Vaez A, Golchin A, Amani AM, Jangjou A. Effective treatment of intractable diseases using nanoparticles to interfere with vascular supply and angiogenic process. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:232. [PMID: 36333816 PMCID: PMC9636835 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a vital biological process involving blood vessels forming from pre-existing vascular systems. This process contributes to various physiological activities, including embryonic development, hair growth, ovulation, menstruation, and the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue. On the other hand, it is essential in treating a wide range of pathological diseases, such as cardiovascular and ischemic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, malignancies, ophthalmic and retinal diseases, and other chronic conditions. These diseases and disorders are frequently treated by regulating angiogenesis by utilizing a variety of pro-angiogenic or anti-angiogenic agents or molecules by stimulating or suppressing this complicated process, respectively. Nevertheless, many traditional angiogenic therapy techniques suffer from a lack of ability to achieve the intended therapeutic impact because of various constraints. These disadvantages include limited bioavailability, drug resistance, fast elimination, increased price, nonspecificity, and adverse effects. As a result, it is an excellent time for developing various pro- and anti-angiogenic substances that might circumvent the abovementioned restrictions, followed by their efficient use in treating disorders associated with angiogenesis. In recent years, significant progress has been made in different fields of medicine and biology, including therapeutic angiogenesis. Around the world, a multitude of research groups investigated several inorganic or organic nanoparticles (NPs) that had the potential to effectively modify the angiogenesis processes by either enhancing or suppressing the process. Many studies into the processes behind NP-mediated angiogenesis are well described. In this article, we also cover the application of NPs to encourage tissue vascularization as well as their angiogenic and anti-angiogenic effects in the treatment of several disorders, including bone regeneration, peripheral vascular disease, diabetic retinopathy, ischemic stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic cardiovascular injury, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, gene delivery-based angiogenic therapy, protein delivery-based angiogenic therapy, stem cell angiogenic therapy, and diabetic retinopathy, cancer that may benefit from the behavior of the nanostructures in the vascular system throughout the body. In addition, the accompanying difficulties and potential future applications of NPs in treating angiogenesis-related diseases and antiangiogenic therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hoseinzadeh
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghoddusi Johari
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Ehsan Vafa
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Abbasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Golchin
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Jangjou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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21
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Nanomodulation and nanotherapeutics of tumor-microenvironment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Pęczek P, Gajda M, Rutkowski K, Fudalej M, Deptała A, Badowska-Kozakiewicz AM. Cancer-associated inflammation: pathophysiology and clinical significance. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2657-2672. [PMID: 36260158 PMCID: PMC9579684 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cancer cells, despite stemming from the own cells of their host, usually elicit an immune response. This response usually enables elimination of cancer at its earliest stages. However, some tumors develop mechanisms of escaping immune destruction and even profiting from tumor-derived inflammation. Methods We summarized the roles of different immune cell populations in various processes associated with cancer progression and possible methods of reshaping tumor-associated inflammation to increase the efficacy of cancer therapy. Results Changes in various signaling pathways result in attraction of immunosuppressive, pro-tumorigenic cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and neutrophils, while at the same time suppressing the activity of lymphocytes, which have the potential of destroying cancer cells. These changes promote tumor progression by increasing angiogenesis and growth, accelerating metastasis, and impairing drug delivery to the tumor site. Conclusion Due to its multi-faceted role in cancer, tumor-associated inflammation can serve as a valuable therapy target. By increasing it, whether through decreasing overall immunosuppression with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy or through more specific methods, such as cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, or chimeric antigen receptor T cells, cancer-derived immunosuppression can be overcome, resulting in immune system destroying cancer cells. Even changes occurring in the microbiota can influence the shape of antitumor response, which could provide new attractive diagnostic or therapeutic methods. Interestingly, also decreasing the distorted tumor-associated inflammation with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can lead to positive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pęczek
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Students' Scientific Organization of Cancer Cell Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Gajda
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Students' Scientific Organization of Cancer Cell Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kacper Rutkowski
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Students' Scientific Organization of Cancer Cell Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Fudalej
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Deptała
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
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Swamy K. Vascular normalization and immunotherapy: Spawning a virtuous cycle. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1002957. [PMID: 36276103 PMCID: PMC9582256 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1002957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenics, radiotherapy (especially stereotactic body radiotherapy, SBRT)/chemotherapy, and immunotherapy form a critical trimodal approach in modern cancer therapy. The normalization window, however short, is the beachhead for the strategic initiation of a decipherable disruption of cancer cells. This opening can be the opportunity for designing controlled stepwise cancer cell death (CCD) and immunological augmentation. The next step is to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) through chemotherapy/radiotherapy concurrently with the facilitation of professional phagocytosis. Immunotherapy at this stage, when interstitial pressure decreases considerably, leads to the improved perfusion of oxygen with solutes and improved immune-friendly pH and is additionally expected to open up the tumor microenvironment (TME) for a “flood” of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, there would be enhanced interaction in “hot” nodules and the incorporation of immune reaction in “cold” nodules. Simultaneously, the added adjuvant-assisted neoantigen–immune cell interaction will likely set in a virtuous cycle of CCD induction followed by tumor cell-specific antigenic reaction boosting CCD, in turn promoting the normalization of the vasculature, completing the loop. There should be a conscious concern to protect the extracellular matrix (ECM), which will nurture the long-term immunological cross-talk to discourage dormancy, which is as essential as obtaining a complete response in imaging. The caveat is that the available therapies should be appropriately ranked during the start of the treatment since the initial administration is the most opportune period. A fast-paced development in the nanomedicine field is likely to assist in all the steps enumerated.
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Ghosh M, Lenkiewicz AM, Kaminska B. The Interplay of Tumor Vessels and Immune Cells Affects Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092292. [PMID: 36140392 PMCID: PMC9496044 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive cell transfer have become powerful tools to treat cancer. These treatments act via overcoming or alleviating tumor-induced immunosuppression, thereby enabling effective tumor clearance. Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most aggressive, primary brain tumor that remains refractory to the benefits of immunotherapy. The immunosuppressive immune tumor microenvironment (TME), genetic and cellular heterogeneity, and disorganized vasculature hinder drug delivery and block effector immune cell trafficking and activation, consequently rendering immunotherapy ineffective. Within the TME, the mutual interactions between tumor, immune and endothelial cells result in the generation of positive feedback loops, which intensify immunosuppression and support tumor progression. We focus here on the role of aberrant tumor vasculature and how it can mediate hypoxia and immunosuppression. We discuss how immune cells use immunosuppressive signaling for tumor progression and contribute to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Finally, we assess how a positive feedback loop between vascular normalization and immune cells, including myeloid cells, could be targeted by combinatorial therapies with immune checkpoint blockers and sensitize the tumor to immunotherapy.
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25
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Luo X, Zou W, Wei Z, Yu S, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Wang A, Lu Y. Inducing vascular normalization: A promising strategy for immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109167. [PMID: 36037653 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In solid tumors, the vasculature is highly abnormal in structure and function, resulting in the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by limiting immune cells infiltration into tumors. Vascular normalization is receiving much attention as an alternative strategy to anti-angiogenic therapy, and its potential therapeutic targets include signaling pathways, angiogenesis-related genes, and metabolic pathways. Endothelial cells play an important role in the formation of blood vessel structure and function, and their metabolic processes drive blood vessel sprouting in parallel with the control of genetic signals in cancer. The feedback loop between vascular normalization and immunotherapy has been discussed extensively in many reviews. In this review, we summarize the impact of aberrant tumor vascular structure and function on drug delivery, metastasis, and anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, we present evidences for the mutual regulation of immune vasculature. Based on the importance of endothelial metabolism in controlling angiogenesis, we elucidate the crosstalk between endothelial cells and immune cells from the perspective of metabolic pathways and propose that targeting abnormal endothelial metabolism to achieve vascular normalization can be an alternative strategy for cancer treatment, which provides a new theoretical basis for future research on the combination of vascular normalization and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Suyun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Ileiwat ZE, Tabish TA, Zinovkin DA, Yuzugulen J, Arghiani N, Pranjol MZI. The mechanistic immunosuppressive role of the tumour vasculature and potential nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976677. [PMID: 36045675 PMCID: PMC9423123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour vasculature is well-established to display irregular structure and hierarchy that is conducive to promoting tumour growth and metastasis while maintaining immunosuppression. As tumours grow, their metabolic rate increases while their distance from blood vessels furthers, generating a hypoxic and acidic tumour microenvironment. Consequently, cancer cells upregulate the expression of pro-angiogenic factors which propagate aberrant blood vessel formation. This generates atypical vascular features that reduce chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy efficacy. Therefore, the development of therapies aiming to restore the vasculature to a functional state remains a necessary research target. Many anti-angiogenic therapies aim to target this such as bevacizumab or sunitinib but have shown variable efficacy in solid tumours due to intrinsic or acquired resistance. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies such as combination therapies and nanotechnology-mediated therapies may provide alternatives to overcoming the barriers generated by the tumour vasculature. This review summarises the mechanisms that induce abnormal tumour angiogenesis and how the vasculature’s features elicit immunosuppression. Furthermore, the review explores examples of treatment regiments that target the tumour vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Elias Ileiwat
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Tanveer A. Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | - Nahid Arghiani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Nahid Arghiani, ; Md Zahidul I. Pranjol,
| | - Md Zahidul I. Pranjol
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nahid Arghiani, ; Md Zahidul I. Pranjol,
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Yu X, He S, Shen J, Huang Q, Yang P, Huang L, Pu D, Wang L, Li L, Liu J, Liu Z, Zhu L. Tumor vessel normalization and immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221110176. [PMID: 35872968 PMCID: PMC9297465 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor, and patients with GC have a low survival rate due to limited effective treatment methods. Angiogenesis and immune evasion are two key processes in GC progression, and they act synergistically to promote tumor progression. Tumor vascular normalization has been shown to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, which in turn may be improved through enhanced immune stimulation. Therefore, it may be interesting to identify synergies between immunomodulatory agents and anti-angiogenic therapies in GC. This strategy aims to normalize the tumor microenvironment through the action of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor while stimulating the immune response through immunotherapy and prolonging the survival of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Pu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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28
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Hahn S, Kim KM, Kim MJ, Choi HS, Noh H, Cho IJ, Lim ST, Lee JI, Han A. Usefulness of Hounsfield Units and the Serum Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Factors in Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143322. [PMID: 35884383 PMCID: PMC9318691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Tumor vascularity and immune disturbances are hallmarks of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the reciprocal effect of tumor vascularity, assessed by the tumor-to-aorta ratio (TAR) of Hounsfield units (HU) on computed tomography (CT), and host immunity, represented by the serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) from peripheral, complete blood cell counts and its impact on patient survival. Female patients with breast cancer who received primary treatment between 2003 and 2018 at Wonju Severance Hospital, Korea, were included. The final cohort included 740 patients with a mean age of 54.3 ± 11.3 (22−89) years. The TAR was 0.347 ± 0.108 (range, 0.062−1.114) and the NLR was 2.29 ± 1.53 (0.61−10.47). The cut-off value for the TAR and NLR were 0.27 and 1.61, respectively. The patients with a TAR > 0.27 showed a poor recurrence free-interval (RFI) only when their NLR was larger than 1.61, and vice versa. The patients showed worse RFI when they had both high TAR and NLR. Our results suggest a dynamic reciprocal communication between tumor vascularity and systemic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hahn
- Department of Radiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan 48108, Korea;
| | - Kwang-Min Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
| | - Hyang-Suk Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
| | - Hany Noh
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
| | - Seung-Taek Lim
- Department of Oncology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (S.-T.L.); (J.-I.L.)
| | - Jong-In Lee
- Department of Oncology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (S.-T.L.); (J.-I.L.)
| | - Airi Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (K.-M.K.); (M.-J.K.); (H.-S.C.); (H.N.); (I.-J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-741-0573
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Pharmacological manipulation of Ezh2 with salvianolic acid B results in tumor vascular normalization and synergizes with cisplatin and T cell-mediated immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106333. [PMID: 35779815 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor vasculature is characterized by aberrant structure and function, resulting in immune suppressive profiles of tumor microenvironment (TME) through limiting immune cell infiltration into tumors. The defective vascular perfusion in tumors also impairs the delivery and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Targeting abnormal tumor blood vessels has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In this study, we demonstrated that Salvianolic acid B (SalB), one of the major ingredients of Salvia miltiorriza elicited vascular normalization in the mouse models of breast cancer, contributing to improved delivery and response of chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin as well as attenuated metastasis. Moreover, SalB in combination with anti-PD-L1 blockade retarded tumor growth, which was mainly due to elevated infiltration of immune effector cells and boosted delivery of anti-PD-L1 into tumors. Mechanistically, tumor cell enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2)-driven cytokines disrupted the endothelial junctions with diminished VE-cadherin expression, which could be rescued in the presence of SalB. The restored vascular integrity by SalB via modulating the interactions between tumor cells and endothelial cells (ECs) offered a principal route for achieving vascular normalization. Taken together, our data elucidated that SalB enhanced sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy and immunotherapy through triggering tumor vascular normalization, providing a potential therapeutic strategy of combining SalB and chemotherapy or immunotherapy for patients with breast cancer.
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Ding Y, Wang Y, Hu Q. Recent advances in overcoming barriers to cell-based delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20210106. [PMID: 37323702 PMCID: PMC10190958 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy strategies that use cell-based delivery systems have sparked much interest in the treatment of malignancies, owing to their high biocompatibility, excellent tumor targeting capability, and unique biofunctionalities in the tumor growth process. A variety of design principles for cell-based immunotherapy, including cell surface decoration, cell membrane coating, cell encapsulation, genetically engineered cell, and cell-derived exosomes, give cancer immunotherapy great potential to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. However, the treatment efficacy of cell-based delivery methods for immunotherapy is still limited, and practical uses are hampered due to complex physiological and immunological obstacles, such as physical barriers to immune infiltration, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, upregulation of immunosuppressive pathways, and metabolic restriction. In this review, we present an overview of the design principles of cell-based delivery systems in cancer immunotherapy to maximize the therapeutic impact, along with anatomical, metabolic, and immunological impediments in using cell-based immunotherapy to treat cancer. Following that, a summary of novel delivery strategies that have been created to overcome these obstacles to cell-based immunotherapeutic delivery systems is provided. Also, the obstacles and prospects of next-step development of cell-based delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy are concluded in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyue Ding
- Pharmaceutical Sciences DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Carbone Cancer CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Yixin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Carbone Cancer CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Carbone Cancer CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystemsSchool of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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Reduction of tumor hypoxia by anti-PD-1 therapy assessed using pimonidazole and [18F]FMISO. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 108-109:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wu Y, Luo X, Zhou Q, Gong H, Gao H, Liu T, Chen J, Liang L, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. The disbalance of LRP1 and SIRP α by psychological stress dampens the clearance of tumor cells by macrophages. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:197-209. [PMID: 35127380 PMCID: PMC8799994 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between chronic psychological stress and tumorigenesis has been well defined in epidemiological studies; however, the underlying mechanism remains underexplored. In this study, we discovered that impaired macrophage phagocytosis contributed to the psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility, and the stress hormone glucocorticoid (GC) was identified as a principal detrimental factor. Mechanistically, GC disturbed the balance of the “eat me” signal receptor (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1, LRP1) and the “don't eat me” signal receptor (signal regulatory protein alpha, SIRPα). Further analysis revealed that GC led to a direct, glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent trans-repression of LRP1 expression, and the repressed LRP1, in turn, resulted in the elevated gene level of SIRPα by down-regulating miRNA-4695-3p. These data collectively demonstrate that stress induces the imbalance of the LRP1/SIRPα axis and entails the disturbance of tumor cell clearance by macrophages. Our findings provide the mechanistic insight into psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility and indicate that the balance of LRP1/SIRPα axis may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haibiao Gong
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huaying Gao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tongzheng Liu
- Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Arora L, Kalia M, Pal D. Role of macrophages in cancer progression and targeted immunotherapies. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 135:281-311. [PMID: 37061335 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The vast complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) aggrandizes the underlying principles responsible for immune escape, therapy resistance, and treatment failure. The stromal and immune cell population circumjacent to the tumor cells affects the cancer cell cycle leading to tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibiting a unique M2 polarization state constitute a significant portion of the TME. They serve as tumor suppressors at early stages and tumor promoters at advanced stages by governing various microenvironmental cues. TAMs secreted various pro-tumoral cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteases are known to regulate the different cell cycle molecules including checkpoint inhibitors in cancer cells leading to cell cycle progression with faulty cellular components. Moreover, TAMs are well-known immunosuppressors and thereby facilitating the tumor cells' evasion from immune recognition. This chapter will describe the interaction between TAMs and tumor cells, the involvement of TAMs in the regulation of cancer cell progression by controlling cell cycle checkpoints or molecular pathways, and current TAM-based therapies, including restriction of TAM recruitment, anti-survival strategies, or switching polarity. Moreover, this chapter will also emphasize recently developed drug targets and CAR-macrophage cell therapy that restricts tumor progression.
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The cGAS-STING signaling in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: Future novel target option for pharmacotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:50-75. [PMID: 35127372 PMCID: PMC8799861 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling exert essential regulatory function in microbial-and onco-immunology through the induction of cytokines, primarily type I interferons. Recently, the aberrant and deranged signaling of the cGAS-STING axis is closely implicated in multiple sterile inflammatory diseases, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, aortic aneurysm and dissection, obesity, etc. This is because of the massive loads of damage-associated molecular patterns (mitochondrial DNA, DNA in extracellular vesicles) liberated from recurrent injury to metabolic cellular organelles and tissues, which are sensed by the pathway. Also, the cGAS-STING pathway crosstalk with essential intracellular homeostasis processes like apoptosis, autophagy, and regulate cellular metabolism. Targeting derailed STING signaling has become necessary for chronic inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, excessive type I interferons signaling impact on cardiovascular and metabolic health remain entirely elusive. In this review, we summarize the intimate connection between the cGAS-STING pathway and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. We also discuss some potential small molecule inhibitors for the pathway. This review provides insight to stimulate interest in and support future research into understanding this signaling axis in cardiovascular and metabolic tissues and diseases.
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Key Words
- AA, amino acids
- AAD, aortic aneurysm and dissection
- AKT, protein kinase B
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- CBD, C-binding domain
- CDG, c-di-GMP
- CDNs, cyclic dinucleotides
- CTD, C-terminal domain
- CTT, C-terminal tail
- CVDs, cardiovascular diseases
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Cys, cysteine
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- Damage-associated molecular patterns
- DsbA-L, disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein
- ER stress
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GTP, guanosine triphosphate
- HAQ, R71H-G230A-R293Q
- HFD, high-fat diet
- ICAM-1, intracellular adhesion molecule 1
- IFN, interferon
- IFN-I, type 1 interferon
- IFNAR, interferon receptors
- IFNIC, interferon-inducible cells
- IKK, IκB kinase
- IL, interleukin
- IRF3, interferon regulatory factor 3
- ISGs, IRF-3-dependent interferon-stimulated genes
- Inflammation
- LBD, ligand-binding pocket
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MLKL, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein
- MST1, mammalian Ste20-like kinases 1
- Metabolic diseases
- Mitochondria
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B
- NLRP3, NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3
- NO2-FA, nitro-fatty acids
- NTase, nucleotidyltransferase
- PDE3B/4, phosphodiesterase-3B/4
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PPI, protein–protein interface
- Poly: I.C, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SAVI, STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy
- SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- STIM1, stromal interaction molecule 1
- STING
- STING, stimulator of interferon genes
- Ser, serine
- TAK1, transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1
- TBK1, TANK-binding kinase 1
- TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A
- TLR, Toll-like receptors
- TM, transmembrane
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6
- TREX1, three prime repair exonuclease 1
- YAP1, Yes-associated protein 1
- cGAMP, 2′,3′-cyclic GMP–AMP
- cGAS
- cGAS, cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- hSTING, human stimulator of interferon genes
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
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Golhani V, Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Role of MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Regulating Angiogenesis in Human Breast Cancer- A Molecular Medicine Perspective. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:882-893. [PMID: 34923940 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666211217114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are proficient in regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Considering the recent trend in exploiting non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as cancer therapeutics, the potential use of miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents against angiogenesis is an important scientific aspect. An estimated 70% of the genome is actively transcribed, only 2% of which codes for known protein-coding genes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large and diverse class of RNAs > 200 nucleotides in length, and not translated into protein, and are of utmost importance and it governs the expression of genes in a temporal, spatial, and cell context-dependent manner. Angiogenesis is an essential process for organ morphogenesis and growth during development, and it is relevant during the repair of wounded tissue in adults. It is coordinated by an equilibrium of pro-and anti-angiogenic factors; nevertheless, when affected, it promotes several diseases, including breast cancer. Signaling pathways involved here are tightly controlled systems that regulate the appropriate timing of gene expression required for the differentiation of cells down a particular lineage essential for proper tissue development. Lately, scientific reports are indicating that ncRNAs, such as miRNAs, and lncRNAs, play critical roles in angiogenesis related to breast cancer. The specific roles of various miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating angiogenesis in breast cancer, with particular focus on the downstream targets and signaling pathways regulated by these ncRNAs with molecular medicine perspective, are highlighted in this write-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Golhani
- Department of Biochemistry. All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
| | | | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry. All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
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Savanur MA, Weinstein-Marom H, Gross G. Implementing Logic Gates for Safer Immunotherapy of Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:780399. [PMID: 34804073 PMCID: PMC8600566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.780399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting solid tumors with absolute precision is a long-standing challenge in cancer immunotherapy. The identification of antigens, which are expressed by a large fraction of tumors of a given type and, preferably, across various types, but not by normal cells, holds the key to developing safe, off-the-shelf immunotherapies. Although the quest for widely shared, strictly tumor-specific antigens has been the focus of tremendous effort, only few such candidates have been implicated. Almost all antigens that are currently explored as targets for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR)-T cell therapy are also expressed by healthy cells and the risk of on-target off-tumor toxicity has remained a major concern. Recent studies suggest that this risk could be obviated by targeting instead combinations of two or more antigens, which are co-expressed by tumor but not normal cells and, as such, are tumor-specific. Moreover, the expression of a shared tumor antigen along with the lack of a second antigen that is expressed by normal tissues can also be exploited for precise recognition. Additional cues, antigenic or non-antigenic ones, which characterize the tumor microenvironment, could be harnessed to further increase precision. This review focuses on attempts to define the targetable signatures of tumors and assesses different strategies employing advanced synthetic biology for translating such information into safer modes of immunotherapy, implementing the principles of Boolean logic gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Azharuddin Savanur
- Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Hadas Weinstein-Marom
- Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Gideon Gross
- Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
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Yu W, Hu C, Gao H. Advances of nanomedicines in breast cancer metastasis treatment targeting different metastatic stages. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113909. [PMID: 34352354 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common tumor in women, and the metastasis further increases the malignancy with extremely high mortality. However, there is almost no effective method in the clinic to completely inhibit breast cancer metastasis due to the dynamic multistep process with complex pathways and scattered occurring site. Nowadays, nanomedicines have been evidenced with great potential in treating cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances of nanomedicines in anti-metastasis treatment. Strategies are categorized according to the metastasis dynamics, including primary tumor, circulating tumor cells, pre-metastatic niches and secondary tumor. In each different stage of metastasis process, nanomedicines are designed specifically with different functions. At the end of the review, we give our perspectives on current limitations and future directions in anti-metastasis therapy. We expect the review provides comprehensive understandings of anti-metastasis therapy for breast cancer, and boosts the clinical translation in the future to improve women's health.
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Abstract
Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes, having significant physiological roles in both synthesis and degradation. The use of microbial proteases in food fermentation is an age-old process, which is today being successfully employed in other industries with the advent of ‘omics’ era and innovations in genetic and protein engineering approaches. Proteases have found application in industries besides food, like leather, textiles, detergent, waste management, agriculture, animal husbandry, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics. With the rising demands and applications, researchers are exploring various approaches to discover, redesign, or artificially synthesize enzymes with better applicability in the industrial processes. These enzymes offer a sustainable and environmentally safer option, besides possessing economic and commercial value. Various bacterial and fungal proteases are already holding a commercially pivotal role in the industry. The current review summarizes the characteristics and types of proteases, microbial source, their current and prospective applications in various industries, and future challenges. Promoting these biocatalysts will prove significant in betterment of the modern world.
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Pan Y, Song X, Wang Y, Wei J. Firing up the Tumor Microenvironment with Nanoparticle-Based Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091338. [PMID: 34575414 PMCID: PMC8472427 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies mobilizing host immunity against cancer cells have profoundly improved prognosis of cancer patients. However, efficacy of immunotherapies depends on local immune conditions. The "cold" tumor, which is characterized by lacking inflamed T cells, is insensitive to immunotherapy. Current strategies of improving the "cold" tumor microenvironment are far from satisfying. Nanoparticle-based therapies provide novel inspiration in firing up the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we presented progress and limitations of conventional immunotherapies. Then, we enumerate advantages of nanoparticle-based therapies in remodeling the "cold" tumor microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the prospect of nanoparticle-based therapies in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Pan
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xueru Song
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yue Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Correspondence:
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Bertrand C, Van Meerbeeck P, de Streel G, Vaherto-Bleeckx N, Benhaddi F, Rouaud L, Noël A, Coulie PG, van Baren N, Lucas S. Combined Blockade of GARP:TGF-β1 and PD-1 Increases Infiltration of T Cells and Density of Pericyte-Covered GARP + Blood Vessels in Mouse MC38 Tumors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:704050. [PMID: 34386010 PMCID: PMC8353334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.704050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When combined with anti-PD-1, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against GARP:TGF-β1 complexes induced more frequent immune-mediated rejections of CT26 and MC38 murine tumors than anti-PD-1 alone. In both types of tumors, the activity of anti-GARP:TGF-β1 mAbs resulted from blocking active TGF-β1 production and immunosuppression by GARP-expressing regulatory T cells. In CT26 tumors, combined GARP:TGF-β1/PD-1 blockade did not augment the infiltration of T cells, but did increase the effector functions of already present anti-tumor T cells. Here we show that, in contrast, in MC38, combined GARP:TGF-β1/PD-1 blockade increased infiltration of T cells, as a result of increased extravasation of T cells from blood vessels. Unexpectedly, combined GARP:TGF-β1/PD-1 blockade also increased the density of GARP+ blood vessels covered by pericytes in MC38, but not in CT26 tumors. This appears to occur because anti-GARP:TGF-β1, by blocking TGF-β1 signals, favors the proliferation of and expression of adhesion molecules such as E-selectin by blood endothelial cells. The resulting densification of intratumoral blood vasculature probably contributes to increased T cell infiltration and to the therapeutic efficacy of GARP:TGF-β1/PD-1 blockade in MC38. We conclude from these distinct observations in MC38 and CT26, that the combined blockades of GARP:TGF-β1 and PD-1 can exert anti-tumor activity via multiple mechanisms, including the densification and normalization of intratumoral blood vasculature, the increase of T cell infiltration into the tumor and the increase of the effector functions of intratumoral tumor-specific T cells. This may prove important for the selection of cancer patients who could benefit from combined GARP:TGF-β1/PD-1 blockade in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Benhaddi
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Loïc Rouaud
- GIGA-Cancer Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noël
- GIGA-Cancer Research Center, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre G Coulie
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas van Baren
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Lucas
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
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Vascular-immuno-phenotypic (VIP) model for locally advanced and oligo-metastatic cancer: A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2021; 152:110618. [PMID: 34102599 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Primary Hypothesis: In cancer therapy, normalization of the vasculature, and not disruption, to facilitate the reversal of the immuno-phenotypic changes, is the sine-qua-non for cancer elimination. The triad of normalization of the vasculature, leading to the improved immunological tumour microenvironment and increased susceptibility of resistant phenotypic cancer cells (VIP model), forms the basis of this hypothesis. This article hypothesizes the absolute need for vascular normalization for the eradication of cancer. Locally advanced and oligometastatic cancers have the potential to be cured with aggressive therapy. The focus on vascular normalization its clinical relevance in this situation is essential. Most traditional approaches have focused on the elimination of cancer by targeting and disrupting vasculature. Initially, antiangiogenic drugs showed significant promise in animal experiments. However, this vascular disruption approach has not paid the expected long-term dividends in the clinical setup. However, antiangiogenics are playing a significant role when used concurrently with chemotherapy/immunotherapy. Antiangiogenics have dual temporal actions - an initial normalization effect with improved oxygenation followed by pruning of blood vessels, resulting in exaggerated hypoxia along with a rebound progression. The literature is replete with phenomena of initial vascular normalization with a paradigm shift in the immuno-phenotypic milieu of cancer as part of vascular targeting approaches. The hypothesis in this article stresses the need to have strategies to extend this normalization window or to have pre-clinical trials to optimize the dose scheduling of antiangiogenics cyclically along with chemo/targeted/immune therapy and other combination therapies. We can implement this hypothesis by a combinatorial harmonization of present-day cancer therapies in the setting of tumor vasculature integrity. In addition, based on the proposed hypothesis, the current normalization effect of antiangiogenics and newer therapy development should focus primarily on normalization of the vasculature as well as targeting hypoxia-Inducible-factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 α) in the presence of differential genetic modulation of vascular endothelial cell resistance enhancement along with cancer cell sensitization. Also, the article enumerates six supporting hypotheses supplementing the primary hypothesis.
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Liang Q, Zhou L, Li Y, Liu J, Liu Y. Nano drug delivery system reconstruct tumour vasculature for the tumour vascular normalisation. J Drug Target 2021; 30:119-130. [PMID: 33960252 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1927056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal structure and function of blood vessels in the TME are obvious characteristics of the tumour. Abnormal blood vessels with high leakage support the occurrence of malignant tumours and increase the possibility of tumour cell invasion and metastasis. The formation of abnormal vascular also enhances immunosuppression and prevents the delivery of chemotherapy drugs to deeper tumours. Therefore, the normalisation of tumour blood vessels is a very promising approach to improve anti-tumour efficacy, aiming to restore the structural integrity of vessels and improve drug delivery efficiency and anti-tumour immunity. In this review, we have summarised strategies to improve cancer treatment that via nano drug delivery technology regulates the normalisation of tumour blood vessels. The treatment strategies related to the structure and function of tumour blood vessels such as angiogenesis factors, tumour-associated macrophages, tumour vascular endothelial cells, tumour-associated fibroblasts and immune checkpoints in the TME were mainly discussed. The normalisation of tumour blood vessels presents new opportunities and challenges for the more efficient delivery of nanoparticles to tumour tissues and cells and an innovative combination of treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liyue Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Gao H. Editorial of Special Issue on Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2016-2017. [PMID: 33304776 PMCID: PMC7714967 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huile Gao
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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