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John KI, Ho G, Li D. Recent progresses in synthesis and modification of g-C 3N 4 for improving visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:3047-3078. [PMID: 38877630 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a widely studied visible-light-active photocatalyst for low cost, non-toxicity, and facile synthesis. Nonetheless, its photocatalytic efficiency is below par, due to fast recombination of charge carriers, low surface area, and insufficient visible light absorption. Thus, the research on the modification of g-C3N4 targeting at enhanced photocatalytic performance has attracted extensive interest. A considerable amount of review articles have been published on the modification of g-C3N4 for applications. However, limited effort has been specially contributed to providing an overview and comparison on available modification strategies for improved photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4-based catalysts in antibiotics removal. There has been no attempt on the comparison of photocatalytic performances in antibiotics removal between modified g-C3N4 and other known catalysts. To address these, our study reviewed strategies that have been reported to modify g-C3N4, including metal/non-metal doping, defect tuning, structural engineering, heterostructure formation, etc. as well as compared their performances for antibiotics removal. The heterostructure formation was the most widely studied and promising route to modify g-C3N4 with superior activity. As compared to other known photocatalysts, the heterojunction g-C3N4 showed competitive performances in degradation of selected antibiotics. Related mechanisms were discussed, and finally, we revealed current challenges in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Igenepo John
- College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Goen Ho
- College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Dan Li
- College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia E-mail:
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Milde R, Moucka R, Sedlacik M, Pata V. Iron-Sepiolite High-Performance Magnetorheological Polishing Fluid with Reduced Sedimentation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012187. [PMID: 36293044 PMCID: PMC9603551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A sedimentation-stable magnetorheological (MR) polishing slurry on the basis of ferrofluid, iron particles, Al2O3, and clay nanofiller in the form of sepiolite intended for MR polishing has been designed, prepared, and its polishing efficiency verified. Added clay substantially improved sedimentation stability of the slurry, decreasing its sedimentation rate to a quarter of its original value (1.8 to 0.45 mg s−1) while otherwise maintaining its good abrasive properties. The magnetisation curve measurement proved that designed slurry is soft magnetic material with no hysteresis, and its further suitability for MR polishing was confirmed by its magnetorheology namely in the quadratically increased yield stress due to the effect of applied magnetic field (0 to 600 kA m−1). The efficiency of the MR polishing process was tested on the flat samples of injection-moulded polyamide and verified by surface roughness/3D texture measurement. The resulting new composition of the MR polishing slurry exhibits a long-term stable system with a wide application window in the MR polishing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Milde
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Moucka
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Sedlacik
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Vladimir Pata
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
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Zhang X, Xie Q, Xie S, Yu X, Xu J, Peng Q. A Novel Portable Gamma Radiation Sensor Based on a Monolithic Lutetium-Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate Ring. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103376. [PMID: 34066224 PMCID: PMC8150370 DOI: 10.3390/s21103376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Portable radiation detectors are widely used in environmental radiation detection and medical imaging due to their portability feature, high detection efficiency, and large field of view. Lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) is a widely used scintillator in gamma radiation detection. However, the structure and the arrangement of scintillators limit the sensitivity and detection accuracy of these radiation detectors. In this study, a novel portable sensor based on a monolithic LYSO ring was developed for the detection of environmental radiation through simulation, followed by construction and assessments. Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to prove the detection of gamma rays at 511 keV by the developed sensor. The simulations data, including energy resolutions, decoding errors, and sensitivity, showed good potential for the detection of gamma rays by the as-obtained sensor. The experimental results using the VA method revealed decoding errors in the energy window width of 50 keV less than 2°. The average error was estimated at 0.67°, a sufficient value for the detection of gamma radiation. In sum, the proposed radiation sensor appears promising for the construction of high-performance radiation detectors and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- The School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (Q.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Qiangqiang Xie
- The School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (Q.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Siwei Xie
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen 518132, China; (S.X.); (Q.P.)
| | - Xin Yu
- The School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (Q.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- The School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (Q.X.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Qiyu Peng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen 518132, China; (S.X.); (Q.P.)
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Xie S, Zhang X, Huang Q, Gong Z, Xu J, Peng Q. Methods to Compensate the Time Walk Errors in Timing Measurements for PET Detectors. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2020.2981388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Xu J, Xie S, Zhang X, Tao W, Yang J, Zhao Z, Weng F, Huang Q, Yi F, Peng Q. A preclinical PET detector constructed with a monolithic scintillator ring. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:155009. [PMID: 31239424 PMCID: PMC6692080 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab2ca4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a unique preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) detector constructed with a monolithic scintillator ring (MSR) and two rings of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The inner diameter, outer diameter and length of the MSR were 48.5 mm, 58.5 mm, and 25.1 mm, respectively. The two SiPM rings, constructed with 46 SiPMs, were air-coupled to the two ends of the MSR detector. The center of gravity (COG) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods were adapted to decode the positions of the gamma interactions in the circumferential (θ) and axial (Z) directions, respectively. Collimating systems, consisting of a tungsten collimator and a high-precision displacement and rotating platform, were constructed to assess the decoding accuracies of the MSR detector in both θ and Z directions. The average intrinsic full-width half maximums (FWHMs) and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of the decoding accuracies were 0.94 mm and 0.33 mm in the circumferential direction, 2.45 mm and 1.08 mm in the axial direction. An energy resolution of 10.7% was measured at 511 keV. The scintillating photons generated by a pair of coincidence gamma photons overlap with each other, and cause circumferential parallax errors in the lines of response (LOR). The experimental results show that the average FWHM errors in the θ direction increased slightly from 0.94 mm to 1.14 mm when Δθ of the two single events was larger than 70°. The imaging performance of the MSR detector was also initially assessed with a Derenzo phantom filled with 18F-FDG. The rods with a diameter larger than 1.2 mm can be resolved. The energy resolutions were 12.3% at 511 keV (single events), and 11.4% at 1022 keV (coincidence events). We concluded that it is feasible to construct the high-performance preclinical PET scanners using one or multiple MSR detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siwei Xie
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijie Tao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingwu Yang
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fenghua Weng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fei Yi
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiyu Peng
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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