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Meira A, Byers JE, Sousa R. A global synthesis of predation on bivalves. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1015-1057. [PMID: 38294132 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Predation is a dominant structuring force in ecological communities. In aquatic environments, predation on bivalves has long been an important focal interaction for ecological study because bivalves have central roles as ecosystem engineers, basal components of food webs, and commercial commodities. Studies of bivalves are common, not only because of bivalves' central roles, but also due to the relative ease of studying predatory effects on this taxonomic group. To understand patterns in the interactions of bivalves and their predators we synthesised data from 52 years of peer-reviewed studies on bivalve predation. Using a systematic search, we compiled 1334 studies from 75 countries, comprising 61 bivalve families (N = 2259), dominated by Mytilidae (29% of bivalves), Veneridae (14%), Ostreidae (8%), Unionidae (7%), and Dreissenidae and Tellinidae (6% each). A total of 2036 predators were studied, with crustaceans the most studied predator group (34% of predators), followed by fishes (24%), molluscs (17%), echinoderms (10%) and birds (6%). The majority of studies (86%) were conducted in marine systems, in part driven by the high commercial value of marine bivalves. Studies in freshwater ecosystems were dominated by non-native bivalves and non-native predator species, which probably reflects the important role of biological invasions affecting freshwater biodiversity. In fact, while 81% of the studied marine bivalve species were native, only 50% of the freshwater species were native to the system. In terms of approach, most studies used predation trials, visual analysis of digested contents and exclusion experiments to assess the effects of predation. These studies reflect that many factors influence bivalve predation depending on the species studied, including (i) species traits (e.g. behaviour, morphology, defence mechanisms), (ii) other biotic interactions (e.g. presence of competitors, parasites or diseases), and (iii) environmental context (e.g. temperature, current velocity, beach exposure, habitat complexity). There is a lack of research on the effects of bivalve predation at the population and community and ecosystem levels (only 7% and 0.5% of studies respectively examined impacts at these levels). At the population level, the available studies demonstrate that predation can decrease bivalve density through consumption or the reduction of recruitment. At the community and ecosystem level, predation can trigger effects that cascade through trophic levels or effects that alter the ecological functions bivalves perform. Given the conservation and commercial importance of many bivalve species, studies of predation should be pursued in the context of global change, particularly climate change, acidification and biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Meira
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - James E Byers
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E. Green St, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
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Rodríguez BM, Bhuiyan MKA, Freitas R, Conradi M. Mission impossible: Reach the carrion in a lithium pollution and marine warming scenario. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 199:111332. [PMID: 34004168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the independent and synergistic effects of lithium (Li, 0.08 mM) contamination and the rising seawater temperature (21 °C; control- 15 °C) on survival and trophic interactions (foraging behaviour, success, search time, carrion preference, feeding time, and tissue consumption-the dry weight basis) of the opportunistic intertidal scavenger Tritia neritea. Trophic interactions were assessed in a two-choice test using a Y-maze design using the same amount of two carrion species (Solen marginatus and Mytilus galloprovincialis) given to all snails simultaneously. Lithium pollution and synergestic warming have the effect of reducing the survival rate of T. neritea, triggering potential global change scenarios. The foraging behaviour of T. neritea under Li-contaminated conditions was characterised by a decrease in the snail's effectiveness in finding a carrion. Lithium changes the feeding behaviour as well as increasing the time it takes for snails to reach their food. T. neritea did not show preference for any of the carrion species offered in controls, but a shift in feeding behaviour towards more energetic carrion under Li contamination which may indicate a strategy to compensate for the greater energy expenditure necessary to survive. There were no differences in feeding time at the different treatments and regardless of the treatment tested T. neritea consumed more mussels tissue probably due to its greater palatability. Results showing foraging modifications in an intertidal scavenger mollusc in global change scenarios indicate potential changes in complex trophic interactions of marine food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Marín Rodríguez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Md Khurshid Alam Bhuiyan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mercedes Conradi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
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Wallin J, Vuori KM, Väisänen A, Salmelin J, Karjalainen AK. Lumbriculus variegatus (Annelida) biological responses and sediment sequential extractions indicate ecotoxicity of lake sediments contaminated by biomining. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:1253-1263. [PMID: 30248850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We assessed potential ecotoxicity of lake sediments affected by biomining effluents in northeastern Finland. Growth, reproduction and behavior of the sediment-dwelling oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller 1774) were used as ecotoxicity endpoints. Standardized chronic bioassays were used for growth and reproduction, and acute and chronic tests with Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor (MFB) for behavior assessments. Sequential extractions were used to characterize metal bioavailability and exposure conditions in the sediments, which indicated mining-induced contamination gradients of S, Cu, Ni and U and also bioavailability gradients of S and Ni. Among the ecotoxicity endpoints, growth and reproduction responses of the standard bioassays appeared more sensitive than the behavioral responses at 21 d. In the two most mining-affected test sediments, mean number of worms and dry biomass decreased 35-42% and 46-51% in comparison to the reference sediment, respectively. The behavioral changes of worms, i.e. peristaltic and overall locomotory activity, decreased on average 20-70% and 2-61% at 21 d in the same sediments. However, these behavioral changes were observed at the onset of exposure indicating MFB technique is a suitable and rapid screening level ecotoxicity assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Wallin
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Kari-Matti Vuori
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Laboratory Centre, Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, The Jyväskylä Office, Survontie 9A, FI-40500 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ari Väisänen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Johanna Salmelin
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Anna K Karjalainen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Finland
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Chen H, Mu L, Cao J, Mu J, Klerks PL, Luo Y, Guo Z, Xie L. Accumulation and effects of Cr(VI) in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) during chronic dissolved and dietary exposures. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 176:208-216. [PMID: 27162070 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is an essential metal and a nutritional supplement for both human and agricultural uses. It is also a pollutant from a variety of industrial uses. These uses can lead to elevated Cr levels in aquatic environments, where it can enter and affect aquatic organisms. Its accumulation and subsequent effects in fish have received relatively little attention, especially for chronic exposure. In the present study, Japanese medaka were chronically exposed to dissolved or dietary Cr(VI) for 3 months. Cr accumulation in liver, gills, intestine, and brain was evaluated. Effects on the antioxidant system, nervous system (acetylcholinesterase, AChE), digestive system (α-glucosidase, α-Glu), and tissue histology (liver and gills) were also assessed. Cr accumulation was observed in the intestine and liver of fish exposed to Cr-contaminated brine shrimp. However, chronic dissolved Cr exposure led to significant Cr accumulation in all organs tested. Analysis of the subcellular distribution of Cr in medaka livers revealed that 37% of the Cr was present in the heat stable protein fraction. The dissolved Cr exposure had pronounced effects on the antioxidant system in the liver, with an elevated ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and decreases in GSH and glutathione S-transferase (GST). The α-Glu activity in the intestine was significantly inhibited. In addition, Cr exposure caused histopathological alterations in the gills and liver. In general, the effects of dietary Cr were relatively minor, possible due to the much lower accumulation in the fish. Our results imply that Japanese medaka accumulate Cr mainly via uptake of dissolved Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Lei Mu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jinling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jingli Mu
- Division of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Paul L Klerks
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P. O. Box 43602, Lafayette, LA 70504-3602, USA
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Zhongbao Guo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lingtian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Li CC, Dang F, Cang L, Zhou DM, Peijnenburg WJGM. Internal distribution of Cd in lettuce and resulting effects on Cd trophic transfer to the snail: Achatina fulica. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 135:123-8. [PMID: 25930053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying Cd trophic transfer along the soil-lettuce-snail food chain were investigated. The fate of Cd within cells, revealed by assessment of Cd chemical forms and of subcellular partitioning, differed between the two examined lettuce species that we examined (L. longifolia and L. crispa). The species-specific internal Cd fate not only influenced Cd burdens in lettuce, with higher Cd levels in L. crispa, but also affected Cd transfer efficiency to the consumer snail (Achatina fulica). Especially, the incorporation of Cd chemical forms (Cd in the inorganic, water-soluble and pectates and protein-integrated forms) in lettuce could best explain Cd trophic transfer, when compared to dietary Cd levels alone and/or subcellular Cd partitioning. Trophically available metal on the subcellular partitioning base failed to shed light on Cd transfer in this study. After 28-d of exposure, most Cd was trapped in the viscera of Achatina fulica, and cadmium bio-magnification was noted in the snails, as the transfer factor of lettuce-to-snail soft tissue was larger than one. This study provides a first step to apply a chemical speciation approach to dictate the trophic bioavailability of Cd through the soil-plant-snail system, which might be an important pre-requisite for mechanistic understanding of metal trophic transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fei Dang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Long Cang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Cross I, Merlo MA, Rodríguez ME, Portela-Bens S, Rebordinos L. Adaptation to abiotic stress in the oyster Crassostrea angulata relays on genetic polymorphisms. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:618-624. [PMID: 25462456 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the whole genome re-sequencing of the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata, an edible cupped oyster of major commercial importance with an important role as biosensor of coastal water pollution. We sequenced the genome of the C. angulata to 29.3-fold coverage using ABI SOLID system. Comparisons of the sequences with the reference assembly of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), yielded 129 million SNPs, 151,620 from which were located in 20,908 genes from the C. gigas database. The analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with gene regions containing SNPs, revealed that significant GO terms showing differences between the two oyster species, were related to activities of response to stress caused both by drying and by metal contamination. In the Biological Process domain, the GO terms ion transport, phosphorylation and proteolysis processes, among others, showed many polymorphic genes in C. angulata. These processes are related to combating genotoxic and hypo-osmotic stress in the oyster. It is noteworthy that more than 200 polymorphic genes were associated with DNA repair processes. These results reveal that most of the gene polymorphisms observed in C. angulata are associated with processes related to genome adaptation to abiotic stress in estuarine regions and support that genetic polymorphisms may be the base to the observed ability of C. angulata to retain the phenomenally high concentrations of toxic heavy metals. Our results also provide the framework for future investigations to establish the molecular basis of phenotypic variation of adaptive traits and should contribute to the management of the species' genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Cross
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, CACYTMAR, University of Cadiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
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Guo F, Yao J, Wang WX. Bioavailability of purified subcellular metals to a marine fish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:2109-2116. [PMID: 23703902 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the authors used a supply of naturally contaminated oysters to investigate how the subcellular metal distribution and the metal burden in prey affected the transfer of metals to a marine fish, the grunt Terapon jarbua. The oysters, Crassostrea hongkongensis, each with different contamination histories, were collected and separated into 3 subcellular fractions: 1) metal-rich granules, 2) cellular debris, and 3) a combined fraction of organelles, heat-denatured proteins, and metallothionein-like proteins, defined as the trophically available metal (TAM). These purified fractions showed a wide range of metal concentrations and were fed to the fish for a period of 7 d at a daily comparable feeding rate of 3% of fish body weight. After 7 d exposure, the newly absorbed metals were mainly distributed in the intestine and liver, indicating a significant tissue-specific trophic transfer, especially for Cd and Cu. The trophic transfer factors (TTFs) showed a sequence of cellular debris >TAM > metal-rich granules, suggesting the impact of subcellular distribution in prey on metal bioavailability. However, significant inverse relationships between the TTFs and the metal concentrations in diets were also found in the present study, especially for Cd and Zn. The subcellular metal compartmentalization might be less important than the metal concentration in prey influencing the trophic transfer. The authors' results have important implications for bioavailability and environmental assessment of dietary metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Guo F, Yang L, Wang WX. Effects of metal burden and food avoidance on the transfer of metals from naturally contaminated prey to a marine predator Nassarius siquijorensis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 132-133:111-118. [PMID: 23474320 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nassarid snails are important opportunistic scavengers widely found in marine intertidal shores and trophic transfer is a predominant source of metal accumulation in these species, thus there is a significant need to understand the controls of metal trophic transfer. In the present study, we took advantage of a severely contaminated estuary and collected two prey organisms (oysters Crassostrea angulata and barnacles Fistulobalanus albicostatus) with different contamination histories. These naturally contaminated prey were fed to a marine neogastropod Nassarius siquijorensis for a period of up to 7 weeks. We then investigated the influences of prey type, metal burden, and subcellular distribution in the prey on the metal accumulation, trophic transfer, and potential toxicity on N. siquijorensis. We demonstrated an obvious negative relationship between the trophic transfer and the metal concentration in prey or the metal dosage. N. siquijorensis exhibited food avoidance behavior to the Cu contaminated food, which effectively reduced the metal ingestion and resulted in a decrease of trophic transfer, as well as a potential toxic effect from dietary exposure. On the other hand, our results also implied the metal-specific impact of subcellular metal distribution in prey on the trophic transfer to N. siquijorensis. Our study suggested that metal burden and feeding avoidance should be considered in studying the trophic transfer of metals in marine benthic food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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