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Lee S, Nam SE, Jung JH, Kim M, Rhee JS. Hull-cleaning wastewater poses serious acute and chronic toxicity to a marine mysid-A multigenerational study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133959. [PMID: 38457977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive assessment involving acute effects on 96-hour survival and biochemical parameters, as well as chronic effects on growth and reproduction spanning three generations of the marine mysid Neomysis awatschensis exposed to filtered wastewater to evaluate the potential impact of ship hull-cleaning wastewater on crustaceans. The analyzed wastewater exhibited elevated concentrations of metals, specifically zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) and metal-based antifoulants, i.e., Cu pyrithoine (CuPT) and Zn pyrithoine (ZnPT). The results revealed dose-dependent reductions in survival rates, accompanied by a notable increase in oxidative stress, in response to the sublethal values of two wastewater samples: 1) mechanically filtered using the cleaning system (MF) and 2) additionally filtered in the laboratory (LF) for 96 h. Mysids exposed to MF displayed higher mortality than those exposed to LF. Furthermore, mysids subjected to continuous exposure of 0.001% LF across three generations exhibited significant inhibition of the feeding rate, more pronounced growth retardation along with an extended intermolt duration, and a diminished rate of reproduction compared to the control. A noteworthy inhibition of the feeding rate and growth was observed in the first generation exposed only to the LF sample. However, although the reproduction rate was not significantly affected. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential harm posed by sublethal concentrations of wastewater to the health of mysid populations under consistent exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somyeong Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonkoo Kim
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Core Research Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Yellow Sea Research Institute, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
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Chen X, Hou X, Yang H, Liu H, Wang J, Wang C. Molecular interplay between ecdysone receptor and retinoid X receptor in regulating the molting of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1251723. [PMID: 37929030 PMCID: PMC10621794 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1251723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Molting is a pivotal biological process regulated by the ecdysteroid signaling pathway that requires molecular coordination of two transcription factors, Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP) in arthropods. However, the molecular interplay of EcR and Retinoid X receptor (RXR), the crustacean homolog of USP in the ecdysteroid signaling pathway, is not well understood. Methods In this study, we conducted temporal and spatial expression, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), and luciferase reporter assay experiments to investigate the molecular function and interplay of EcR and RXR during the molting process of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Results The results showed that the expression level of RXR was more stable and significantly higher than EcR during the entire molting process. However, the expression level of EcR fluctuated dynamically and increased sharply at the premolt stage. The CO-IP and luciferase reporter assay results confirmed the molecular interplay of EcR and RXR. The heterodimer complex formed by the two transcription factors significantly induced the transcription of E75, an essential gene in the ecdysteroid signaling pathway. Conclusions Our study unveiled the diverse molecular function and molecular interplay of EcR and RXR; RXR is possibly a "constitutive-type" gene, and EcR is possibly a vital speed-limiting gene while both EcR and RXR are required to initiate the ecdysteroid signaling cascade, which may be indispensable for molting regulation in E. sinensis. The results provide a theoretical basis for the endocrine control of molting in E. sinensis and novel insights into the molecular mechanism of molting mediated by the ecdysteroid signaling pathway in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chenghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries Germplasm Resources Certificated by The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education/Shanghai Engineering/Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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From Extrapolation to Precision Chemical Hazard Assessment: The Ecdysone Receptor Case Study. TOXICS 2021; 10:toxics10010006. [PMID: 35051048 PMCID: PMC8778615 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Hazard assessment strategies are often supported by extrapolation of damage probabilities, regarding chemical action and species susceptibilities. Yet, growing evidence suggests that an adequate sampling of physiological responses across a representative taxonomic scope is of paramount importance. This is particularly relevant for Nuclear Receptors (NR), a family of transcription factors, often triggered by ligands and thus, commonly exploited by environmental chemicals. Within NRs, the ligand-induced Ecdysone Receptor (EcR) provides a remarkable example. Long regarded as arthropod specific, this receptor has been extensively targeted by pesticides, seemingly innocuous to non-target organisms. Yet, current evidence clearly suggests a wider presence of EcR orthologues across metazoan lineages, with unknown physiological consequences. Here, we address the state-of-the-art regarding the phylogenetic distribution and functional characterization of metazoan EcRs and provide a critical analysis of the potential disruption of such EcRs by environmental chemical exposure. Using EcR as a case study, hazard assessment strategies are also discussed in view of the development of a novel "precision hazard assessment paradigm.
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Lee DH, Lee S, Rhee JS. Consistent exposure to microplastics induces age-specific physiological and biochemical changes in a marine mysid. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111850. [PMID: 33223134 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a marine mysid, Neomysis awatschensis, was exposed to 1 × 103-5 × 105 particles mL-1 of polystyrene microbeads (1 and 10 μm). Exposure to microplastics (MPs) resulted in ingestion and egestion in feces. MPs exposure during the early stage resulted in mortality and oxidative stress, while more mature stages were increasingly tolerant to MPs. Feeding rates were inhibited by MPs, and age-specific oxidative stress was observed. Growth parameters were significantly affected by MPs with lower 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) concentrations and longer intermolt durations. The number of hatched juveniles from females that were exposed to MPs was significantly lower than the control treatment, but no significant differences were observed between survival rates of newly hatched juveniles in the different treatments. Our results suggest that the detrimental effects of prolonged exposure to MPs could be age- and size-specific and harmful for the maintenance of mysid populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Somyeong Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, Incheon 21999, South Korea.
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Knigge T, LeBlanc GA, Ford AT. A Crab Is Not a Fish: Unique Aspects of the Crustacean Endocrine System and Considerations for Endocrine Toxicology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:587608. [PMID: 33737907 PMCID: PMC7961072 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.587608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustaceans-and arthropods in general-exhibit many unique aspects to their physiology. These include the requirement to moult (ecdysis) in order to grow and reproduce, the ability to change color, and multiple strategies for sexual differentiation. Accordingly, the endocrine regulation of these processes involves hormones, receptors, and enzymes that differ from those utilized by vertebrates and other non-arthropod invertebrates. As a result, environmental chemicals known to disrupt endocrine processes in vertebrates are often not endocrine disruptors in crustaceans; while, chemicals that disrupt endocrine processes in crustaceans are often not endocrine disruptors in vertebrates. In this review, we present an overview of the evolution of the endocrine system of crustaceans, highlight endocrine endpoints known to be a target of disruption by chemicals, and identify other components of endocrine signaling that may prove to be targets of disruption. This review highlights that crustaceans need to be evaluated for endocrine disruption with consideration of their unique endocrine system and not with consideration of the endocrine system of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knigge
- Normandy University, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, Le Havre, France
- *Correspondence: Thomas Knigge,
| | - Gerald A. LeBlanc
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Alex T. Ford
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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6
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Wolinski L, Souza MS, Modenutti B, Balseiro E. Effect of chronic UVR exposure on zooplankton molting and growth. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115448. [PMID: 33254670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Molting is a crucial physiological process in arthropods development, growth, and adult reproduction, where the chitinolytic enzyme chitobiase (CB) and the apoptosis process (caspase-3 activity) play crucial roles. Both molecular endpoints have been observed to be affected by different toxics that may be present in aquatic environments. However, the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the molting process remains with poor evidence and the possible effect of the previous exposure on F1 generation is unknown. Here, we conducted laboratory experiments with chronic UVR exposure to test the effect on the molting process of Daphnia commutata. Our results showed a clear negative effect of the UVR that affected the molting process with a reduction in individual growth. This trend was also observed in CB and caspase-3 activities. Our results also suggest that the UV dose received by the mother and eggs has an additive effect with the dose received by the offspring. These results imply that the cumulative impact of small UVR doses (2 h per day, daily dose: 2520 J m-2 of 340 nm) on mothers and eggs (which cannot be discriminated in our experiments) can have an additive or synergistic effect along with the generations through a potential increase in lethal effect. Finally, the observed desynchronization in the molting process by UVR will affect the fitness of individuals and population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wolinski
- Laboratorio de Limnología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecología, Fisiología y Evolución de organismos acuáticos, CADIC, CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina.
| | - María Sol Souza
- Laboratorio de Limnología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina; Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Depto Química, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Andina, Mitre 630, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Modenutti
- Laboratorio de Limnología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Esteban Balseiro
- Laboratorio de Limnología, INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
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Mellor C, Tollefsen K, LaLone C, Cronin M, Firman J. In Silico Identification of Chemicals Capable of Binding to the Ecdysone Receptor. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1438-1450. [PMID: 32335943 PMCID: PMC7781155 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The process of molting, known alternatively as ecdysis, is a feature integral in the life cycles of species across the arthropod phylum. Regulation occurs as a function of the interaction of ecdysteroid hormones with the arthropod nuclear ecdysone receptor-a process preceding the triggering of a series of downstream events constituting an endocrine signaling pathway highly conserved throughout environmentally prevalent insect, crustacean, and myriapod organisms. Inappropriate ecdysone receptor binding and activation forms the essential molecular initiating event within possible adverse outcome pathways relating abnormal molting to mortality in arthropods. Definition of the characteristics of chemicals liable to stimulate such activity has the potential to be of great utility in mitigation of hazards posed toward vulnerable species. Thus the aim of the present study was to develop a series of rule-sets, derived from the key structural and physicochemical features associated with identified ecdysone receptor ligands, enabling construction of Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) workflows permitting the flagging of compounds predisposed to binding at the site. Data describing the activities of 555 distinct chemicals were recovered from a variety of assays across 10 insect species, allowing for formulation of KNIME screens for potential binding activity at the molecular initiating event and adverse outcome level of biological organization. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1438-1450. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.L. Mellor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancashire, England
| | - K.E. Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - C. LaLone
- US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd. Duluth, MN, USA
| | - M.T.D. Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
| | - J.W. Firman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
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Chan YH, Chu KH, Chan KM. Ecdysteroid-mimicking compounds act as both agonists and antagonists to the crustacean ecdysone receptor. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124551. [PMID: 31549662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To characterize the potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment that interact with the crustacean ecdysone receptor (EcR), we established a method involving in silico modeling/molecular docking and in vitro reporter gene assay. Cherry shrimp (Neocaridina davidi) EcR (NdEcR) and retinoid X receptor (NdRxR) were identified and cloned for use in this method. A theoretical 3D model of NdEcR ligand-binding domain (LBD) was built in silico based on sequence homology with the established X-ray structure of insect EcR. The interaction of the NdEcR LBD with ecdysteroids, diacylhydrazine (DAH) pesticides, and other potential EDCs was evaluated using molecular docking programs. The results revealed that the ligand-binding pocket in the NdEcR LBD was flexible and adaptive for accommodating ligands of different shapes. The agonistic and antagonistic activities of the candidate compounds were further assessed by in vitro reporter gene assay using human cell lines transiently transfected with NdEcR and NdRxR expression plasmids and a reporter plasmid containing synthesized ecdysone response element. The assay was validated by the dose-dependent responses of EcR-mediated gene transcription after treating the transfected cell lines with ecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone, and ponasterone A. Examination of the candidate compounds using the reporter gene assay revealed restricted functional specificity to ecdysteroids and DAHs. Three of the tested DAH pesticides originally targeting the insect EcR were found to be weak agonists and strong antagonists of NdEcR. These results suggest that DAHs are potential EDCs for crustaceans that disrupt their ecdysteroid signals by functioning as EcR agonists or antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Hang Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Hou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - King Ming Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
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9
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Doering JA, Lee S, Kristiansen K, Evenseth L, Barron MG, Sylte I, LaLone CA. In Silico Site-Directed Mutagenesis Informs Species-Specific Predictions of Chemical Susceptibility Derived From the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility (SeqAPASS) Tool. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:131-145. [PMID: 30060110 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical hazard assessment requires extrapolation of information from model organisms to all species of concern. The Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility (SeqAPASS) tool was developed as a rapid, cost-effective method to aid cross-species extrapolation of susceptibility to chemicals acting on specific protein targets through evaluation of protein structural similarities and differences. The greatest resolution for extrapolation of chemical susceptibility across species involves comparisons of individual amino acid residues at key positions involved in protein-chemical interactions. However, a lack of understanding of whether specific amino acid substitutions among species at key positions in proteins affect interaction with chemicals made manual interpretation of alignments time consuming and potentially inconsistent. Therefore, this study used in silico site-directed mutagenesis coupled with docking simulations of computational models for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and ecdysone receptor (EcR) to investigate how specific amino acid substitutions impact protein-chemical interaction. This study found that computationally derived substitutions in identities of key amino acids caused no change in protein-chemical interaction if residues share the same side chain functional properties and have comparable molecular dimensions, while differences in these characteristics can change protein-chemical interaction. These findings were considered in the development of capabilities for automatically generated species-specific predictions of chemical susceptibility in SeqAPASS. These predictions for AChE and EcR were shown to agree with SeqAPASS predictions comparing the primary sequence and functional domain sequence of proteins for more than 90% of the investigated species, but also identified dramatic species-specific differences in chemical susceptibility that align with results from standard toxicity tests. These results provide a compelling line of evidence for use of SeqAPASS in deriving screening level, species-specific, susceptibility predictions across broad taxonomic groups for application to human and ecological hazard assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon A Doering
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division.,National Research Council, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Sehan Lee
- Gulf Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561.,Molecular Design Team, New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 41061 Daegu City, Korea
| | - Kurt Kristiansen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromso-The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Linn Evenseth
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromso-The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mace G Barron
- Gulf Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561
| | - Ingebrigt Sylte
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromso-The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromso, Norway
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Song Y, Evenseth LM, Iguchi T, Tollefsen KE. Release of chitobiase as an indicator of potential molting disruption in juvenile Daphnia magna exposed to the ecdysone receptor agonist 20-hydroxyecdysone. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:954-962. [PMID: 28849998 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1352215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During arthropod molting, the old exoskeleton is degraded and recycled by the molting fluid. Chitobiase, a major chitinolytic enzyme in the molting fluid, has been widely used as a biomarker to indicate endocrine disruption of molting in arthropods under environmental stress. Although release of chitobiase was extensively studied in organisms exposed to molting-inhibiting chemicals, enzymic association with molting and response of the molting hormone receptor, ecdysone receptor (EcR), is not well understood. The present study was therefore conducted to identify potential linkages between release of chitobiase, molting frequency, and EcR activation in a freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna after short-term (96 hr) exposure to endogenous molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). A suite of bioassays was used for this purpose, including the chitobiase activity, molting frequency, viability, and in vitro EcR activation. Effect concentrations were compared between different assays analyzed. Results showed that exposure to 20E reduced chitobiase release and molting frequency in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposure to as low as 250 nM 20E significantly decreased release of chitobiase after 72 hr exposure, whereas adverse effects on molting frequency and incomplete molting-associated mortality required higher 20E exposure concentrations. The EcR reporter assay further demonstrated that as low as 100 nM 20E may activate EcR in vitro. Data suggest that release of chitobiase may be employed as a sensitive indicator of potential molting disruption in crustaceans after exposure to EcR agonists such as 20E.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- a Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen , Oslo , Norway
| | - Linn Mari Evenseth
- b Department of Medical Biology , Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- c Department of Basic Biology , Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI, (Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Okazaki , Aichi , Japan
- d Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), National Institutes of Natural Sciences , Okazaki , Aichi , Japan
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- a Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen , Oslo , Norway
- e Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) , Ås , Norway
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11
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Zhu B, Tang L, Yu Y, Yu H, Wang L, Qian C, Wei G, Liu C. Identification of ecdysteroid receptor-mediated signaling pathways in the hepatopancreas of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:372-381. [PMID: 28069422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The hepatopancreas of crustaceans plays an important role in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, digestion of food, and biogenesis. In this study, the hepatopancreas transcriptome from the red crayfish Procambarus clarkii was characterized for the first time using high-throughput sequencing, producing approximately 41.4 million reads were obtained. After de novo assembly, 57,363 unigenes with an average length of 725bp were identified, Gene Ontology analysis categorized 22,580 as being involved in biological processes, among which metabolic process and cellular process groups were the most highly enriched. A total of 8034 unigenes were assigned to 223 metabolic pathways following mapping against the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database. Ecdysteroid receptor (EcR)-mediated signaling pathways were investigated using digital gene expression (DGE) analysis following RNA interference targeting the EcR. A total of 529 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 322 downregulated and 207 upregulated unigenes. Of these, 445 (84.12%) were annotated successfully by alignment with known sequences, many of which were related to catalytic activity and binding functional categories. Using KEGG enrichment analysis, 183 DEGs were clustered into 78 pathways, and six significantly enriched pathways were predicted. The expression patterns of candidate genes identified by real-time PCR were consistent with the DGE results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Huimin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Cen Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Guoqing Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Chaoliang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
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12
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Dai TH, Sserwadda A, Song K, Zang YN, Shen HS. Cloning and Expression of Ecdysone Receptor and Retinoid X Receptor from Procambarus clarkii: Induction by Eyestalk Ablation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101739. [PMID: 27763563 PMCID: PMC5085767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecdysone receptor and retinoid X receptor are key regulators in molting. Here, full length ecdysone receptor (PcEcR) and retinoid X receptor (PcRXR) cDNAs from Procambarus clarkii were cloned. Full length cDNA of PcEcR has 2500 bp, encoding 576 amino acid proteins, and full length cDNA of PcRXR has 2593 bp, in which a 15 bp and a 204 bp insert/deletion splice variant regions in DNA binding domain and hinge domain were identified. The two splice variant regions in PcRXR result four isoforms: PcRXR1-4, encoding 525, 520, 457 and 452 amino acids respectively. PcEcR was highly expressed in the hepatopancreas and eyestalk and PcRXR was highly expressed in the eyestalk among eight examined tissues. Both PcEcR and PcRXR had induced expression after eyestalk ablation (ESA) in the three examined tissues. In muscle, PcEcR and PcRXR were upregulated after ESA, PcEcR reached the highest level on day 3 after ESA and increased 33.5-fold relative to day 0, and PcRXR reached highest the level on day 1 after ESA and increased 2.7-fold relative to day 0. In the hepatopancreas, PcEcR and PcRXR dEcReased continuously after ESA, and the expression levels of PcEcR and PcRXR were only 0.7% and 1.7% on day 7 after ESA relative to day 0, respectively. In the ovaries, PcEcR was upregulated after ESA, reached the highest level on day 3 after ESA, increased 3.0-fold relative to day 0, and the expression level of PcRXR changed insignificantly after ESA (p > 0.05). The different responses of PcEcR and PcRXR after ESA indicates that different tissues play different roles (and coordinates their functions) in molting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hao Dai
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Ali Sserwadda
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Kun Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Ya-Nan Zang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Huai-Shun Shen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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Abass KM. An investigation into the formation of tebufenozide's toxic aromatic amine metabolites in human in vitro hepatic microsomes. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 133:73-78. [PMID: 27742364 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tebufenozide is a nonsteroid ecdysone agonist that causes premature and incomplete molting in Lepidoptera. Studies conducted so far have shown the low toxicity of tebufenozide in mammals, birds and invertebrates. Tebufenozide potential metabolites such as aromatic amines are known to induce methemoglobinemia disorder in humans, most likely by the formation of N-hydroxy metabolites; therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the formation of the potential toxic N-hydroxy derivatives in pooled human hepatic microsomal fractions. Analyses of metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography equipped by a time-of-flight detector (HPLC/TOF) indicated the formation of a hydroxylated metabolite (exact mass=369; retention time: 6.65min) and two de-dimethylethyl metabolites (exact masses=313; retention times: 5.76 and 6.22min). Hydroxylated tebufenozide metabolite resulted from hydroxylation at either the 3 or 5 position of the dimethylbenzoic acid moiety to form either 3-hydroxymethyl-5-methylbenzoic acid 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-(4-ethylbenzoyl) or 3-methyl-5-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-(4-ethylbenzoyl), respectively. The two de-dimethylethyl-tebufenozide derivatives were 3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid-2-(4-hydroxyethylbenzoyl) and 3-hydroxymethyl-5-methylbenzoic acid-2-(4-ethylbenzoyl) or 3-methyl-5-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid-2-(4-ethylbenzoyl). Generally the metabolite formation rates increased with incubation time. The rate of hydroxylation of the dimethylbenzoic acid moiety was approximately 12 times higher than the hydroxylation of the ethylbenzoyl moiety. Tebufenozide does not appear to produce the toxic aromatic amine metabolites in human in vitro hepatic microsomes. This suggests that the fate of tebufenozide in humans is a process of detoxification rather than activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Abass
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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14
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Kim HS, Hwang DS, Lee BY, Park JC, Lee YH, Lee JS. De novo assembly and annotation of the marine mysid (Neomysis awatschensis) transcriptome. Mar Genomics 2016; 28:41-43. [PMID: 27189440 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We sequenced the whole transcriptome of the marine mysid Neomysis awatschensis (Crustacea: Mysidacea) using Illumina RNA-seq. De novo assembly was performed with 14,018,702 raw reads using Trinity, resulting in 82,434 contigs. Transdecoder found 22,141 candidate coding contigs with homology to other species by BLAST analysis. Functional gene annotation was performed by Gene Ontology, InterProScan, and KEGG pathway analyses. We generated an expressed gene catalog for the mysid N. awatschensis to serve as a resource for marine environmental genomic and ecotoxicogenomic studies focused on uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of N. awatschensis to environmental stressors and chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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15
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Molecular characterisation of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis salmonis (Krøyer, 1837), ecdysone receptor with emphasis on functional studies of female reproduction. Int J Parasitol 2014; 45:175-85. [PMID: 25444859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae) is an important parasite in the salmon farming industry in the Northern Hemisphere causing annual losses of hundreds of millions of dollars (US) worldwide. To facilitate development of a vaccine or other novel measures to gain control of the parasite, knowledge about molecular biological functions of L. salmonis is vital. In arthropods, a nuclear receptor complex consisting of the ecdysone receptor and the retinoid X receptor, ultraspiracle, are well known to be involved in a variety of both developmental and reproductive processes. To investigate the role of the ecdysone receptor in the salmon louse, we isolated and characterised cDNA with the 5'untranslated region of the predicted L. salmonis EcR (LsEcR). The LsEcR cDNA was 1608 bp encoding a 536 amino acid sequence that demonstrated high sequence similarities to other arthropod ecdysone receptors including Tribolium castaneum and Locusta migratoria. Moreover, in situ analysis of adult female lice revealed that the LsEcR transcript is localised in a wide variety of tissues such as ovaries, sub-cuticula and oocytes. Knock-down studies of LsEcR using RNA interference terminated egg production, indicating that the LsEcR plays important roles in reproduction and oocyte maturation. We believe this is the first report on the ecdysone receptor in the economically important parasite L. salmonis.
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Ge H, Lin Z, Yao Z, Gao Y, Cong Y, Yu H. Balance between herbicidal activity and toxicity effect: a case study of the joint effects of triazine and phenylurea herbicides on Selenastrum capricornutum and Photobacterium phosphoreum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 150:165-174. [PMID: 24681700 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbicide mixtures has become a cost-effective strategy against the evolution of herbicide resistance to protect global food production. Much research has focused on investigating either the herbicidal activities or the toxicity effects of herbicides; however, few of them have investigated both factors. This study investigates the balance between herbicidal activity for Selenastrum capricornutum and toxicity effect toward Photobacterium phosphoreum by determining the joint effects of triazine (simetryn, atrazine, prometon and prometryn) and phenylurea (fenuron, monuron, monolinuron and diuron) herbicides. The results showed that among the four triazines, only simetryn exhibited a unique effect (formation of a pi-sigma bond with the D1 microalga protein and an H-bond with the Luc photobacterial protein); and among 16 triazine-phenylurea binary mixtures, only the mixtures containing simetryn resulted in TU1 values (herbicidal activities of mixtures on S. capricornutum) >TU2 values (toxicity effects of mixtures on P. phosphoreum). However, the other 12 mixtures, which did not contain simetryn, showed the opposite result (TU1<TU2). A comparison of TU1 with TU2 showed that additive effects occurred more frequently for TU1, whereas antagonism effects occurred more frequently for TU2. Based on these results, a preliminary mechanistic hypothesis of herbicide mixtures was proposed. Meanwhile, some suggestions are provided firstly for herbicide combinations based on the balance between herbicidal activity and toxicity effect, which will encourage thoughtful efforts for how to best combine herbicides in a sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongping Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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