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Rovida AFDS, Costa G, Santos MI, Silva CR, Freitas PNN, Oliveira EP, Pileggi SAV, Olchanheski RL, Pileggi M. Herbicides Tolerance in a Pseudomonas Strain Is Associated With Metabolic Plasticity of Antioxidative Enzymes Regardless of Selection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:673211. [PMID: 34239509 PMCID: PMC8258386 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.673211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture uses many food production chains, and herbicides participate in this process by eliminating weeds through different biochemical strategies. However, herbicides can affect non-target organisms such as bacteria, which can suffer damage if there is no efficient control of reactive oxygen species. It is not clear, according to the literature, whether the efficiency of this control needs to be selected by the presence of xenobiotics. Thus, the Pseudomonas sp. CMA 6.9 strain, collected from biofilms in an herbicide packaging washing tank, was selected for its tolerance to pesticides and analyzed for activities of different antioxidative enzymes against the herbicides Boral®, absent at the isolation site, and Heat®, present at the site; both herbicides have the same mode of action, the inhibition of the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase. The strain showed tolerance to both herbicides in doses up to 45 times than those applied in agriculture. The toxicity of these herbicides, which is greater for Boral®, was assessed by means of oxidative stress indicators, growth kinetics, viability, and amounts of peroxide and malondialdehyde. However, the studied strain showed two characteristic antioxidant response systems for each herbicide: glutathione-s-transferase acting to control malondialdehyde in treatments with Boral®; and catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase in the control of peroxide induced by Heat®. It is possible that this modulation of the activity of different enzymes independent of previous selection characterizes a system of metabolic plasticity that may be more general in the adaptation of microorganisms in soil and water environments subjected to chemical contaminants. This is relevant to the impact of pesticides on the diversity and abundance of microbial species as well as a promising line of metabolic studies in microbial consortia for use in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gessica Costa
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Mariana Inglês Santos
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rosa Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Paloma Nathane Nunes Freitas
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Elizangela Paz Oliveira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Sônia Alvim Veiga Pileggi
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Olchanheski
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pileggi
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Biological and Health Sciences Sector, Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Fadhlaoui M, Laderriere V, Lavoie I, Fortin C. Influence of Temperature and Nickel on Algal Biofilm Fatty Acid Composition. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1566-1577. [PMID: 32367541 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater biofilms play an important role in aquatic ecosystems and are widely used to evaluate environmental conditions. Little is known about the effects of temperature and metals on biofilm fatty acid composition. In the present study, we exposed a natural biofilm cultured in mesocosms to a gradient of nickel (Ni) concentrations at 15 and 21 °C for 28 d. Metal bioaccumulation, algal taxonomic composition, and biofilm fatty acid profiles were determined. At both temperatures, bioaccumulated Ni increased with Ni exposure concentration and reached the highest values at 25 µM Ni, followed by a decrease at 55 and 105 µM Ni. In control biofilms, palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1n7), oleic acid (18:1n9), linoleic acid (18:2n6), and linolenic acid (18:3n3) were the dominant fatty acids at 15 and 21 °C. This composition suggests a dominance of cyanobacteria and green algae, which was subsequently confirmed by microscopic observations. The increase in temperature resulted in a decrease in the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids, which is considered to be an adaptive response to temperature variation. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) tended to decrease along the Ni gradient, as opposed to saturated fatty acids which increased with Ni concentrations. Temperature and Ni affected differently the estimated desaturase and elongase activities (product/precursor ratios). The increase in PUFAs at 15 °C was concomitant to an increase in Δ9-desaturase (D9D). The estimated activities of D9D, Δ12-desaturase, and Δ15-desaturase decreased along the Ni gradient and reflected a decline in PUFAs. The elevated estimated elongase activity reflected the observed increase in saturated fatty acids at the highest Ni exposure concentration (105 µM). Our results suggest that fatty acids could be used as an endpoint to evaluate environmental perturbations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1566-1577. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Fadhlaoui
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Laderriere
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Lavoie
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Iummato MM, Pizarro H, Cataldo D, Di Fiori E, Dos Santos Afonso M, Del Carmen Ríos de Molina M, Juárez ÁB. Effect of glyphosate acid on biochemical markers of periphyton exposed in outdoor mesocosms in the presence and absence of the mussel Limnoperna fortunei. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1775-1784. [PMID: 28397987 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is currently the most widely used herbicide in agricultural production. It generally enters aquatic ecosystems through surface water runoff and aerial drift. We evaluated the effect of glyphosate acid on biochemical parameters of periphyton exposed to concentrations of 1, 3, and 6 mg/L in outdoor mesocosms in the presence and absence of the mussel Limnoperna fortunei. Periphyton ash-free dry weight, chlorophyll a content, carotene/chlorophyll a ratio, lipid peroxidation levels, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were determined at days 0, 1, 7, 14, and 26 of the experimental period. Ash-free dry weight was similar between control and glyphosate-treated periphyton in the absence of L. fortunei. The latter had significantly lower carotene to chlorophyll a ratios and enzyme activities, and higher lipid peroxidation levels and chlorophyll a content than the former. These results show an adverse effect of glyphosate on the metabolism of periphyton community organisms, possibly inducing oxidative stress. On the contrary, no differences were observed in any of these variables between control and glyphosate-treated periphyton in the presence of L. fortunei. Mussels probably attenuated the herbicide effects by contributing to glyphosate dissipation. The results also demonstrate that biochemical markers provide useful information that may warn of herbicide impact on periphyton communities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1775-1784. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Iummato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haydée Pizarro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto de Ecología Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Cataldo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto de Ecología Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Di Fiori
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto de Ecología Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Dos Santos Afonso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela Beatriz Juárez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Tuulaikhuu BA, Bonet B, Guasch H. Effects of low arsenic concentration exposure on freshwater fish in the presence of fluvial biofilms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:467-475. [PMID: 26657392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic element and its carcinogenic effect on living organisms is well known. However, predicting real effects in the environment requires an ecological approach since toxicity is influenced by many environmental and biological factors. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate if environmentally-realistic arsenic exposure causes toxicity to fish. An experiment with four different treatments (control (C), biofilm (B), arsenic (+As) and biofilm with arsenic (B+As)) was conducted and each one included sediment to enhance environmental realism, allowing the testing of the interactive effects of biofilm and arsenic on the toxicity to fish. Average arsenic exposure to Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) was 40.5 ± 7.5 μg/L for +As treatment and 34.4 ± 1.4 μg/L for B+As treatment for 56 days. Fish were affected directly and indirectly by this low arsenic concentration since exposure did not only affect fish but also the function of periphytic biofilms. Arsenic effects on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the liver of mosquitofish were ameliorated in the presence of biofilms at the beginning of exposure (day 9). Moreover, fish weight gaining was only affected in the treatment without biofilm. After longer exposure (56 days), effects of exposure were clearly seen. Fish showed a marked increase in the catalase (CAT) activity in the liver but the interactive influence of biofilms was not further observed since the arsenic-affected biofilm had lost its role in water purification. Our results highlight the interest and application of incorporating some of the complexity of natural systems in ecotoxicology and support the use of criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for arsenic lower than 150 μg/L and closer to the water quality criteria to protect aquatic life recommended by the Canadian government which is 5 μg As/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baigal-Amar Tuulaikhuu
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Spain; Department of Ecology, School of Agroecology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences.
| | - Berta Bonet
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Spain
| | - Helena Guasch
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Spain.
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Kim Tiam S, Laviale M, Feurtet-Mazel A, Jan G, Gonzalez P, Mazzella N, Morin S. Herbicide toxicity on river biofilms assessed by pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:160-171. [PMID: 26046334 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of Rapid light curves (RLCs) as a toxicity endpoint for river biofilms was examined in this study and compared to "classical fluorescence parameters" i.e. minimal fluorescence (F0), optimal and effective quantum yields of photosystem II (Fv/Fm and ФPSII). Measurements were performed after exposure to five concentrations of diuron (from 0.3 to 33.4μgL(-1)), its main degradation product (DCPMU) (from 1.0 to 1014μgL(-1)) and norflurazon (from 0.6 to 585μgL(-1)) with the lowest exposure concentrations corresponding to levels regularly encountered in chronically contaminated sites. Biofilm responses were evaluated after 1, 5, 7 and 14 days of exposure to the different toxicants. Overall, the responses of both "classical fluorescence parameters" and RLC endpoints were highly time dependent and related to the mode of action of the different compounds. Interestingly, parameters calculated from RLCs (α, ETRmax and Ik) were useful early markers of pesticide exposure since they revealed significant effects of all the tested toxicants from the first day of exposure. In comparison, classical fluorescence endpoints (F0 and Fv/Fm) measured at day 1 were only affected in the DCPMU treatment. Our results demonstrated the interest of RLCs as early markers of toxicant exposure particularly when working with toxicants with less specific mode of action than PSII inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kim Tiam
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France; Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France.
| | - Martin Laviale
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire Océanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-Sur-Mer, France; CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire Océanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-Sur-Mer France
| | | | - Gwilherm Jan
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Nicolas Mazzella
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Soizic Morin
- Irstea, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Cestas Cedex, France
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