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Gabrielyan B, Asatryan V, Kobelyan H, Khosrovyan A. The sediment of a river having ''good ecological status" turned out to be toxic to midge Chironomus riparius larvae: Implication for environmental monitoring? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116855. [PMID: 39128453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Globally, monitoring of the surface waters is largely limited to the physico-chemical analysis of water in rivers and lakes. Sediment state in the aquatic systems including sediment chemical content or the structure and diversity of benthic communities or ecotoxicological studies with natural sediments remains largely overlooked by the monitoring programs. Hence we assessed the potential toxicity of three riverine sediments on the life-cycle traits (emergence and reproduction) of midge Chironomus riparius via an ecotoxicological testing method over two generations (according to OECD test 233 guidelines). In addition, the riverine sediments were spiked with polyamide (nylon) microplastic particles (1 g kg-1) to analyze an additive effect of microplastic on the sediment toxicity. As model river systems, three rivers (Karchaghbyur, Gavaraget, Argichi) in the Lake Sevan basin (Armenia) were selected. Results of ecotoxicity testing were compared with the indices of water quality (derived from the physico-chemical analysis) and the indices of the ecological status of the rivers (derived from the analysis of benthic communities). The results of testing demonstrated an unexpectedly low emergence of midges after the first generation exposed to the sediment of the river having ''good ecological status'' - the Argichi. Sediments of the Karchaghbyur and Gavaraget rivers impeded the emergence and reproduction of midges after the second generation. An addition of polyamide particles to the sediments did not significantly affect the life-cycle traits of C. riparius indicating the primary effect of the sediments' condition. The discrepancy of biotesting result with that of the other two methods (which indicated ''average water quality'' and "good ecological status") underlies the importance of designing more comprehensive monitoring programs for better assessment and protection of aquatic systems and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bardukh Gabrielyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology NAS RA, 7 P. Sevak Str., Yerevan 0014, Armenia.
| | - Vardan Asatryan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology NAS RA, 7 P. Sevak Str., Yerevan 0014, Armenia.
| | - Hripsime Kobelyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology NAS RA, 7 P. Sevak Str., Yerevan 0014, Armenia.
| | - Alla Khosrovyan
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
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Wieringa N, van der Lee GH, de Baat ML, Kraak MHS, Verdonschot PFM. Contribution of sediment contamination to multi-stress in lowland waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157045. [PMID: 35779724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water bodies in densely populated lowland areas are often impacted by multiple stressors. At these multi-stressed sites, it remains challenging to quantify the contribution of contaminated sediments. This study, therefore, aimed to elucidate the contribution of sediment contamination in 16 multi-stressed drainage ditches throughout the Netherlands. To this end an adjusted TRIAD framework was applied, where 1) contaminants and other variables in the sediment and the overlying water were measured, 2) whole-sediment laboratory bioassays were performed using larvae of the non-biting midge Chironomus riparius, and 3) the in situ benthic macroinvertebrate community composition was determined. It was hypothesized that the benthic macroinvertebrate community composition would respond to all jointly present stressors in both water and sediment, whereas the whole-sediment bioassays would only respond to the stressors present in the sediment. The benthic macroinvertebrate community composition was indeed related to multiple stressors in both water and sediment. Taxa richness was positively correlated with the presence of PO4-P in the water, macrophyte cover and some pesticides. Evenness, the number of Trichoptera families and the SPEARpesticides were positively correlated to the C:P ratios in the sediment, whilst negative correlations were observed with various contaminants in both the water and sediment. The whole-sediment bioassays with C. riparius positively related to the nutrient content of the sediment, whereas no negative relations to the sediment-associated contaminants were observed, even though the lowered SPEARpesticides index indicated contaminant effects in the field. Therefore, it was concluded that sediment contamination was identified as one of the various stressors that potentially drove the benthic macroinvertebrate community composition in the multi-stressed drainage ditches, but that nutrients may have masked the adverse effects caused by low and diverse sediment contaminants on C. riparius in the bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wieringa
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - G H van der Lee
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M L de Baat
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands; KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - M H S Kraak
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P F M Verdonschot
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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A GIS-Based Spatiotemporal Impact Assessment of Droughts in the Hyper-Saline Urmia Lake Basin on the Hydro-Geochemical Quality of Nearby Aquifers. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Urmia Lake is a hyper-saline lake in northwestern Iran that has been drying up since 2005. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality in aquifers that are the main source of fresh water for the eastern plains Urmia Lake, which has been drying up due to intensive land use/cover changes and climate change. We evaluated hydro-geochemical data and factors contributing to aquifer pollution and quality variation for nine aquifers in the vicinity of Urmia Lake during the dry and wet seasons from 2000–2020. Our methodology was based on the analysis of 10 years of data from 356 deep and semi-deep wells using GIS spatial analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. We developed a Water Quality Index (WQI) for spatiotemporal assessment of the status of the aquifers. In doing so, we highlighted the value of combining Principal Component Analysis (PCA), WQI, and GIS to determine the hydro-geochemical attributes of the aquifers. We found that the groundwater in central parts of the study area was unsuitable for potable supplies. Anthropogenic sources of contamination, such as chemical fertilizers, industrial waste, and untreated sewage water, might be the key factors causing excessive concentrations of contaminants affecting the water quality. The PCA results showed that over 80% of the total variance could be attributed to two principal factors for most aquifers and three principal factors for two of the aquifers. We employed GIS-based spatial analysis to map groundwater quality in the study area. Based on the WQI values, approximately 48% of groundwater samples were identified as poor to unsuitable for drinking purposes. Results of this study provide a better hydro-geochemical understanding of the multiple aquifers that require preventive action against groundwater damage. We conclude that the combined approach of using a multivariate statistical technique and spatial analysis is effective for determining the factors controlling groundwater quality.
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The Butterfly Effect: Mild Soil Pollution with Heavy Metals Elicits Major Biological Consequences in Cobalt-Sensitized Broad Bean Model Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040793. [PMID: 35453478 PMCID: PMC9028058 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the heavy metals (HMs), only cobalt induces a polymorphic response in Vicia faba plants, manifesting as chlorophyll morphoses and a ‘break-through’ effect resulting in the elevated accumulation of other HMs, which makes Co-pretreated broad bean plants an attractive model for investigating soil pollution by HMs. In this study, Co-sensitized V. faba plants were used to evaluate the long-term effect of residual industrial pollution by examining biochemical (H2O2, ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde, free proline, flavonoid, polyphenols, chlorophylls, carotenoids, superoxide dismutase) and molecular (conserved DNA-derived polymorphism and transcript-derived polymorphic fragments) markers after long-term exposure. HM-polluted soil induced a significantly higher frequency of chlorophyll morphoses and lower levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants in Co-pretreated V. faba plants. Both molecular markers effectively differentiated plants from polluted and control soils into distinct clusters, showing that HMs in mildly polluted soil are capable of inducing changes in DNA coding regions. These findings illustrate that strong background abiotic stressors (pretreatment with Co) can aid investigations of mild stressors (slight levels of soil pollution) by complementing each other in antioxidant content reduction and induction of DNA changes.
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Scenario-based analysis of the impacts of lake drying on food production in the Lake Urmia Basin of Northern Iran. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6237. [PMID: 35422458 PMCID: PMC9010442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In many parts of the world, lake drying is caused by water management failures, while the phenomenon is exacerbated by climate change. Lake Urmia in Northern Iran is drying up at such an alarming rate that it is considered to be a dying lake, which has dire consequences for the whole region. While salinization caused by a dying lake is well understood and known to influence the local and regional food production, other potential impacts by dying lakes are as yet unknown. The food production in the Urmia region is predominantly regional and relies on local water sources. To explore the current and projected impacts of the dying lake on food production, we investigated changes in the climatic conditions, land use, and land degradation for the period 1990–2020. We examined the environmental impacts of lake drought on food production using an integrated scenario-based geoinformation framework. The results show that the lake drought has significantly affected and reduced food production over the past three decades. Based on a combination of cellular automaton and Markov modeling, we project the food production for the next 30 years and predict it will reduce further. The results of this study emphasize the critical environmental impacts of the Urmia Lake drought on food production in the region. We hope that the results will encourage authorities and environmental planners to counteract these issues and take steps to support food production. As our proposed integrated geoinformation approach considers both the extensive impacts of global climate change and the factors associated with dying lakes, we consider it to be suitable to investigate the relationships between environmental degradation and scenario-based food production in other regions with dying lakes around the world.
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Dornfeld CB, Rodgher S, Negri RG, Espíndola ELG, Daam MA. Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera, Chironomidae) as a Sensitive Tropical Test Species in Laboratory Bioassays Evaluating Metals (Copper and Cadmium) and Field Testing. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 76:42-50. [PMID: 30349930 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-0575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite that chironomids are the most widely used benthic insect test species worldwide, little research has been conducted so far with tropical chironomid representatives. This study was designed to evaluate the indigenous midge Chironomus sancticaroli as a candidate test species for use in tropical toxicity assessments. To this end, laboratory water-only toxicity tests were conducted evaluating copper and cadmium. Obtained lethal concentration values were overall comparable or lower than those reported for other chironomids, including those most commonly used in temperate regions (C. riparius and C. dilutus). In addition, C. sancticaroli was deployed in situ in the Monjolinho River (São Paulo State, Brazil), and toxicity of sediment from this river was evaluated in the laboratory. Several field water and sediment quality parameters also were measured to enable correlating these with the effects observed in these toxicity tests. Field sediment toxicity to C. sancticaroli appeared to be related with sediment endosulfan concentrations, whereas effects noted in the in situ test were likely due to low pH values measured in river water. Chironomus sancticaroli appears to be a suitable candidate for inclusion as a test species in tropical toxicity evaluations in both the laboratory and the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Buso Dornfeld
- Department of Biology and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Brasil, No 56, Ilha Solteira, SP, 15.385-000, Brazil
| | - Suzelei Rodgher
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rod. Presidente Dutra, km 137,8, São José dos Campos, SP, 12.247-004, Brazil.
| | - Rogério Galante Negri
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rod. Presidente Dutra, km 137,8, São José dos Campos, SP, 12.247-004, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Michiel A Daam
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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Šiukšta R, Bondzinskaitė S, Kleizaitė V, Žvingila D, Taraškevičius R, Mockeliūnas L, Stapulionytė A, Mak K, Čėsnienė T. Response of Tradescantia plants to oxidative stress induced by heavy metal pollution of soils from industrial areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:44-61. [PMID: 30276686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous investigations have demonstrated that even soil in which concentrations of individual elements do not exceed permissible limits can cause harmful effects in living organisms. In the present study, polluted-soil-induced oxidative stress was evaluated using Tradescantia clone 4430, which is widely used for genotoxicity evaluations, employing biochemical (superoxide dismutase (SOD), contents of ascorbic acid (AA), carotenoids (Car), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chlorophyll (Chl) a/b ratio), and molecular (RAPD and differential display (DD-PCR)) markers after long-term exposure. The activity (staining intensity) of SOD isoforms in Tradescantia leaves was higher in plants grown in all heavy-metal-polluted test soils compared to the control. No direct link between the soil pollution category and the contents of AA, Car, Chl a/b in Tradescantia leaves was revealed, but the concentration of H2O2 was shown to be a sensitive biochemical indicator that may appropriately reflect the soil contamination level. Both short-term (treatment of cuttings with H2O extracts of soil) and long-term (0.5 and 1.0 year) exposure increased MN frequencies, but the coincidence of the MN induction and the soil pollution level was observed only in some cases of long-term exposure. Soil (geno)toxin-induced polymorphism in the RAPD profile was determined with two primers in plants after long-term exposure to soils of an extremely hazard category. Transcript profiling of plants after long-term cultivation in test soils using DD-PCR showed that the majority of differentially expressed transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) were homologous to genes directly or indirectly participating in photosynthesis, the abiotic stress response, and signal transduction cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimondas Šiukšta
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Botanical Garden of Vilnius University, Kairėnai Str. 43, LT-10239, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Skaistė Bondzinskaitė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Violeta Kleizaitė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Donatas Žvingila
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ričardas Taraškevičius
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Akademija Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laurynas Mockeliūnas
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Stapulionytė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Mak
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tatjana Čėsnienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Bautista-Chamizo E, Borrero-Santiago AR, De Orte MR, DelValls Á, Riba I. Effects of CO 2 enrichment on two microalgae species: A toxicity approach using consecutive generations. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:84-91. [PMID: 30216816 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a result of the increasing pressure provoked by anthropogenic activities, the world climate is changing and oceans health is in danger. One of the most important factors affecting the marine environment is the well-known process called ocean acidification. Also, there are other natural or anthropogenic processes that produce an enrichment of CO2 in the marine environment (CO2 leakages from Carbon Capture and Storage technologies (CCS), organic matter diagenesis, volcanic vents, etc). Most of the studies related to acidification of the marine environment by enrichment of CO2 have been focused on short-term experiments. To evaluate the effects related to CO2 enrichment, laboratory-scale experiments were performed using the marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Three different pH values (two treatments - pH 7.4 and 6.0 - and a control - pH 8.0) were tested on the selected species across four consecutive generations. Seawater was collected and exposed to different scenarios of CO2 enrichment by means of CO2 injection. The results showed different effects depending on the species and the generation used. Effects on T. chuii were shown on cell density, chlorophyll-a and metabolic activity, however, a slight adaptation across generations was found in this last parameter. P. tricornutum was more sensitive to acidification conditions through generations, with practically total growth inhibition in the fourth one. The conclusions obtained in this work are useful to address the potential ecological risk related to acidification by enrichment of CO2 on the marine ecosystem by using consecutive generations of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Bautista-Chamizo
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Ana R Borrero-Santiago
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Manoela R De Orte
- Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ángel DelValls
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Riba
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Khosrovyan A, DelValls TA, Luque A, Riba I. Effects of a hypothetical escape of CO 2 gas from subterranean storage sites on water flea Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25146-25155. [PMID: 28924831 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of a hypothetical CO2 gas leak from freshwater sediments on the survival and reproduction of freshwater flea Daphnia magna were analyzed. Another objective was to assess the performance of standard toxicity testing protocols for CO2-induced acidification research in freshwaters. Four pH levels (7.5, 7.0, 6.5, and 6.0) and two sediments with different contamination level were tested. The results revealed that the D. magna are susceptible to a gradual but relatively rapid CO2 enrichment of the water column causing a change from circumneutral to acidic conditions. Standard 48-h immobilization test with D. magna tended to underestimate the toxicity at CO2-induced acidity condition. Dissolved aluminum may be implicated in the toxicity to the parental daphnids exposed. Metal outflux from sediments and behavior in elutriate have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Khosrovyan
- UNESCO UNITWIN/WiCop, Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Tomas Angel DelValls
- UNESCO UNITWIN/WiCop, Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Angel Luque
- Department of Biology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Tafira, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Riba
- UNESCO UNITWIN/WiCop, Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhao P, Chen L, Yan C, Yan Y, Chi Q. Metal release from contaminated coastal sediments under changing pH conditions: Implications for metal mobilization in acidified oceans. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 101:707-15. [PMID: 26481412 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impacts and processes of CO2-induced acidification on metal mobilization, laboratory-scale experiments were performed, simulating the scenarios where carbon dioxide was injected into sediment-seawater layers inside non-pressurized chambers. Coastal sediments were sampled from two sites with different contamination levels and subjected to pre-determined pH conditions. Sediment samples and overlying water were collected for metal analysis after 10-days. The results indicated that CO2-induced ocean acidification would provoke increased metal mobilization causing adverse side-effects on water quality. The mobility of metals from sediment to the overlying seawater was correlated with the reduction in pH. Results of sequential extractions of sediments illustrated that exchangeable metal forms were the dominant source of mobile metals. Collectively, our data revealed that high metal concentrations in overlying seawater released from contaminated sediments under acidic conditions may strengthen the existing contamination gradients in Maluan Bay and represent a potential risk to ecosystem health in coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaosheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China.
| | - Yushao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Peihong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China
| | - Liuqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China; School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China.
| | - Yijun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen City 361021, China
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