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Liu Z, Shi C, Wang B, Zhang X, Ding J, Gao P, Yuan X, Liu Z, Zhang H. Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the black-spotted frog ( Pelophylax nigromaculatus): molecular characterization and upregulation of expression by sulfamethoxazole. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1412943. [PMID: 38784115 PMCID: PMC11112259 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1412943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are crucial for the detoxification of xenobiotics, cellular metabolism, and homeostasis. This study investigated the molecular characterization of CYP enzymes in the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, and examined the regulation of CYP expression in response to chronic exposure to the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) at various environmental concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L). The full-length cDNA of Pn-CYP26B1 was identified. The sequence included open reading frames of 1,536 bp, encoding proteins comprising 511 amino acids. The signature motif, FxxGxxxCxG, was highly conserved when compared with a number of selected animal species. SMX significantly upregulated the expression of the protein CYP26B1 in frog livers at concentrations of 1 and 10 μg/L. SMX showed an affinity for CYP26B1 of -7.6 kcal/mol, indicating a potential mechanism for SMX detoxification or adaptation of the frog. These findings contributed to our understanding of the environmental impact of antibiotics on amphibian species and underscored the importance of CYP enzymes in maintaining biochemical homeostasis under exposure to xenobiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqun Liu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoli Shi
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Jiafeng Ding
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Gao
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environment Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Bérubé R, Garnier C, Lefebvre-Raine M, Gauthier C, Bergeron N, Triffault-Bouchet G, Langlois VS, Couture P. Early developmental toxicity of Atlantic salmon exposed to conventional and unconventional oils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 250:114487. [PMID: 36587413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic salmon is an important species for Canadian culture and economy and its importance extends beyond Canada to Scandinavia and Western Europe. However, it is a vulnerable species facing decline due to habitat contamination and destruction. Existing and new Canadian pipeline projects pose a threat to salmonid habitat. The effects of diluted bitumen (dilbit), the main oil circulating in pipelines, are less studied than those of conventional oils, especially during the critical early embryonic developmental stage occurring in freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) of the Clearwater McMurray dilbit and the Lloydminster Heavy conventional oil on Atlantic salmon embryos exposed either from fertilization or from eyed stage. The dilbit contained the highest concentrations of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds (including BTEX and C6-C10), while the conventional oil contained the highest concentrations of PAHs. The Clearwater dilbit caused a higher percentage of mortality and malformations than the conventional oil at similar WAF concentrations. In addition, the embryos exposed from fertilization suffered a higher mortality rate, more developmental delays, and malformations than embryos exposed from the eyed stage, suggesting that early development is the most sensitive developmental stage to oil exposure. Gene expression and enzymatic activity of the detoxification phase I and II enzymes (CYP1A and GST) were measured. Data showed increases in both cyp1a expression and GST activity with increasing WAF concentrations, while gst expression was not affected by the exposures. Also, gene expression of proteins involved in the biotransformation of vitamin A and DNA damage repair were modified by the oil exposures. Overall, this study indicates that Atlantic salmon is mostly affected by oil exposure at the beginning of its development, during which embryos accumulate deformities that may impact their survival at later life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Bérubé
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Camille Garnier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Molly Lefebvre-Raine
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Normand Bergeron
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Triffault-Bouchet
- CEAEQ, Ministère de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, 2700 rue Einstein, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie S Langlois
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Patrice Couture
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada.
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3
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Aranguren-Abadía L, Yadetie F, Donald CE, Sørhus E, Myklatun LE, Zhang X, Lie KK, Perrichon P, Nakken CL, Durif C, Shema S, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB, Goksøyr A, Meier S, Karlsen OA. Photo-enhanced toxicity of crude oil on early developmental stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150697. [PMID: 34610396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photo-enhanced toxicity of crude oil is produced by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos were exposed to crude oil with and without UV radiation (290-400 nm) from 3 days post fertilization (dpf) until 6 dpf. Embryos from the co-exposure experiment were continually exposed to UV radiation until hatching at 11 dpf. Differences in body burden levels and cyp1a expression in cod embryos were observed between the exposure regimes. High doses of crude oil produced increased mortality in cod co-exposed embryos, as well as craniofacial malformations and heart deformities in larvae from both experiments. A higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways were revealed in the co-exposure experiment, indicating a photo-enhanced effect of crude oil toxicity. Our results provide mechanistic insights into crude oil and photo-enhanced crude oil toxicity, suggesting that UV radiation increases the toxicity of crude oil in early life stages of Atlantic cod.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai K Lie
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Caroline Durif
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | - Steven Shema
- Grótti ehf., Grundarstíg 4, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Howard I Browman
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | | | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Sørhus E, Meier S, Donald CE, Furmanek T, Edvardsen RB, Lie KK. Cardiac dysfunction affects eye development and vision by reducing supply of lipids in fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149460. [PMID: 34391158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing organisms are especially vulnerable to environmental stressors. Crude oil exposure in early life stages of fish result in multiple functional and developmental defects, including cardiac dysfunction and abnormal and smaller eyes. Phenanthrene (Phe) has a reversible impact on cardiac function, and under exposure Phe reduces cardiac contractility. Exposure to a known L-type channel blocker, nicardipine hydrochloride (Nic) also disrupts cardiac function and creates eye deformities. We aimed to investigate whether cardiac dysfunction was the major underlying mechanism of crude oil-, Phe- and Nic-induced eye malformations. We exposed Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) early embryos to Nic and crude oil (Oil) and late embryos/early larvae to Phe exposure. All three exposures resulted in cardiac abnormalities and lead to severe, eye, jaw and spinal deformities at early larval stages. At 3 days post hatching, larvae from the exposures and corresponding controls were dissected. Eyes, trunk, head and yolk sac were subjected to lipid profiling, and eyes were also subjected to transcriptomic profiling. Among most enriched pathways in the eye transcriptomes were fatty acid metabolism, calcium signaling and phototransduction. Changes in lipid profiles and the transcriptome suggested that the dysfunctional and abnormal eyes in our exposures were due to both disruption of signaling pathways and insufficient supply of essential fatty acids and other nutrients form the yolk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sørhus
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Sonnich Meier
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Carey E Donald
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tomasz Furmanek
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf B Edvardsen
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kai K Lie
- Insititue of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
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5
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White-Rot Fungi for Bioremediation of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Contaminated Soil. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Lulijwa R, Alfaro AC, Merien F, Burdass M, Meyer J, Venter L, Young T. Metabolic and immune responses of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) smolts to a short-term poly (I:C) challenge. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:731-746. [PMID: 31995234 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] was administered in vivo to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) post-smolts to determine the immune responses on haematological and cellular functional parameters, including spleen (SP), head kidney (HK) and red blood cell (RBC) cytokine expression, as well as serum metabolomics. Poly (I:C) in vivo (24 h exposure) did not affect fish haematological parameters, leucocyte phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics revealed that poly (I:C) significantly altered the serum biochemistry profile of 25 metabolites. Metabolites involved in the branched-chain amino acid/glutathione and transsulphuration pathways and phospholipid metabolism accumulated in poly (I:C)-treated fish, whereas those involved in the glycolytic and energy metabolism pathways were downregulated. At cytokine transcript level, poly (I:C) induced a significant upregulation of antiviral ifnγ in HK and Mx1 protein in HK, SP and RBCs. This study provides evidence for poly (I:C)-induced, immune-related biomarkers at metabolic and molecular levels in farmed O. tshawytscha in vivo. These findings provide insights into short-term effects of poly (I:C) at haematological, innate and adaptive immunity and metabolic levels, setting the stage for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Lulijwa
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Rwebitaba-ZARDI), Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fabrice Merien
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark Burdass
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (NMIT), Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Jill Meyer
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leonie Venter
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tim Young
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Loughery JR, Marentette JR, Frank RA, Hewitt LM, Parrott JL, Martyniuk CJ. Transcriptome Profiling in Larval Fathead Minnow Exposed to Commercial Naphthenic Acids and Extracts from Fresh and Aged Oil Sands Process-Affected Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10435-10444. [PMID: 31335129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface mining and extraction of oil sands results in the generation of and need for storage of large volumes of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW). More structurally complex than classical naphthenic acids (NAs), naphthenic acid fraction components (NAFCs) are key toxic constituents of OSPW, and changes in the NAFC profile in OSPW over time have been linked to mitigation of OSPW toxicity. Molecular studies targeting individual genes have indicated that NAFC toxicity is likely mediated via oxidative stress, altered cell cycles, ontogenetic differentiation, endocrine disruption, and immunotoxicity. However, the individual-gene approach results in a limited picture of molecular responses. This study shows that NAFCs, from aged or fresh OSPW, have a unique effect on the larval fathead minnow transcriptome and provides initial data to construct adverse outcome pathways for skeletal deformities. All three types of processed NAs (fresh, aged, and commercial) affected the immunome of developing fish. These gene networks included immunity, inflammatory response, B-cell response, platelet adhesion, and T-helper lymphocyte activity. Larvae exposed to both NAFCs and commercial NA developed cardiovascular and bone deformities, and transcriptomic networks reflected these developmental abnormalities. Gene networks found only in NAFC-exposed fish suggest NAFCs may alter fish cardiovascular health through altered calcium ion regulation. This study improves understanding regarding the molecular perturbations underlying developmental deformities following exposure to NAFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Loughery
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of New Brunswick , Saint John , NB E2L 4L5 , Canada
| | - Julie R Marentette
- Water Science and Technology Directorate , Environment and Climate Change Canada , Burlington , ON L7S 1A1 , Canada
| | - Richard A Frank
- Water Science and Technology Directorate , Environment and Climate Change Canada , Burlington , ON L7S 1A1 , Canada
| | - L Mark Hewitt
- Water Science and Technology Directorate , Environment and Climate Change Canada , Burlington , ON L7S 1A1 , Canada
| | - Joanne L Parrott
- Water Science and Technology Directorate , Environment and Climate Change Canada , Burlington , ON L7S 1A1 , Canada
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of New Brunswick , Saint John , NB E2L 4L5 , Canada
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8
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Feng D, Wang X, Li E, Bu X, Qiao F, Qin J, Chen L. Dietary Aroclor 1254-Induced Toxicity on Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity and Energy Metabolism in Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis: Amelioration by Vitamin A. Front Physiol 2019; 10:722. [PMID: 31244681 PMCID: PMC6581683 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of dietary Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and dietary vitamin A supplementation on Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were studied with the aim to explain dietary PCB toxicity and toxic alleviation by vitamin A intake in crab. Four diets were used including three experimental diets containing 0, 80000 or 240000 IU/kg vitamin A with each experimental diet containing 10 mg PCB/kg diet, and a control diet (without vitamin A and PCB supplementation) in 56 days feeding trial. Crabs fed the PCB-only diet had significantly lower weight gain than those fed the control diet. No significant difference was observed in crab survival among all groups. Crabs fed the PCB-only diet had a significantly higher malondialdehyde content and antioxidase superoxide dismutase activity in the serum and hepatopancreas, and higher erythromycin N-demethylase and glutathione S-transferase activities in the hepatopancreas than those fed the control diet. However, supplementation of dietary vitamin A decreased the levels of all these parameters. The hepatopancreatic cytochrome P450 2 and 4 (CYP2, CYP4), fatty acid binding proteins 3 and 10 (FABP3, FABP10) and intracellular lipolytic enzyme (IL) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) levels in the PCB-only group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and dietary 240000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementation decreased hepatopancreatic CYP4, FABP3, FABP10 and IL enzyme mRNA level. The crabs fed 80000 IU/kg vitamin A supplementation diet had the highest level of retinoid X receptor mRNA in the hepatopancreas. The structure of the hepatopancreas was damaged and the deposit of lipid droplets decreased with dietary PCB exposure. Both levels of vitamin A supplementation alleviated the damage and increased lipid droplets in the hepatopancreas. Dietary PCB exposure significantly reduced total hemocyte count (THC), and phenoloxidase, acid phosphatase activities in the serum. Post-challenge survival of crab in the experimental PCB-only diet group was low compared with that in the control. Supplementation of 240000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly increased the THC and phenoloxidase activity in the serum and post-challenge survival compared with those in the PCB-only group. This study indicates that dietary vitamin A can improve the antioxidant capacity, immune response, detoxification enzymes activities, energy metabolism and hepatopancreas tissue structure of Chinese mitten crab fed PCB contaminated diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Feng
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xianyong Bu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Berntssen MHG, Sundal TK, Olsvik PA, Amlund H, Rasinger JD, Sele V, Hamre K, Hillestad M, Buttle L, Ørnsrud R. Sensitivity and toxic mode of action of dietary organic and inorganic selenium in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 192:116-126. [PMID: 28946065 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Depending on its chemical form, selenium (Se) is a trace element with a narrow range between requirement and toxicity for most vertebrates. Traditional endpoints of Se toxicity include reduced growth, feed intake, and oxidative stress, while more recent finding describe disturbance in fatty acid synthesis as underlying toxic mechanism. To investigate overall metabolic mode of toxic action, with emphasis on lipid metabolism, a wide scope metabolomics pathway profiling was performed on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (572±7g) that were fed organic and inorganic Se fortified diets. Atlantic salmon were fed a low natural background organic Se diet (0.35mg Se kg-1, wet weight (WW)) fortified with inorganic sodium selenite or organic selenomethionine-yeast (SeMet-yeast) at two levels (∼1-2 or 15mgkg-1, WW), in triplicate for 3 months. Apparent adverse effects were assessed by growth, feed intake, oxidative stress as production of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and levels of tocopherols, as well as an overall metabolomic pathway assessment. Fish fed 15mgkg-1 selenite, but not 15mgkg-1 SeMet-yeast, showed reduced feed intake, reduced growth, increased liver TBARS and reduced liver tocopherol. Main metabolic pathways significantly affected by 15mgkg-1 selenite, and to a lesser extent 15mgkg-1 SeMet-yeast, were lipid catabolism, endocannabinoids synthesis, and oxidant/glutathione metabolism. Disturbance in lipid metabolism was reflected by depressed levels of free fatty acids, monoacylglycerols and diacylglycerols as well as endocannabinoids. Specific for selenite was the significant reduction of metabolites in the S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) pathway, indicating a use of methyl donors that could be allied with excess Se excretion. Dietary Se levels to respectively 1.1 and 2.1mgkg-1 selenite and SeMet-yeast did not affect any of the above mentioned parameters. Apparent toxic mechanisms at higher Se levels (15mgkg-1) included oxidative stress and altered lipid metabolism for both inorganic and organic Se, with higher toxicity for inorganic Se.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T K Sundal
- Cargill Innovation Centre, Dirdal, Norway; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - P A Olsvik
- NIFES, Bergen, Norway; Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | | | | | | | - K Hamre
- NIFES, Bergen, Norway; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - L Buttle
- Cargill Innovation Centre, Dirdal, Norway
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10
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Hano T, Ito M, Ito K, Kono K, Ohkubo N. Dietary taurine supplementation ameliorates the lethal effect of phenanthrene but not the bioaccumulation in a marine teleost, red sea bream, Pagrus major. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 137:272-280. [PMID: 27987481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary taurine on the hepatic metabolic profiles of red sea bream (Pagrus major) and on phenanthrene (a polyaromatic hydrocarbon) toxicity and bioaccumulation. The fish were fed a diet supplemented with 0% (TAU0%), 0.5% (TAU0.5%), or 5% (TAU5%) taurine for 40-55d and subjected to phenanthrene acute toxicity and bioaccumulation tests. Taurine deficiency in feed severely affected the hepatic metabolic profiles of fish, which indicated a complementary physiological response to taurine deficiency. For the acute toxicity test, fish were fed the test diets for 55d and were then exposed to 0-893µg/L phenanthrene for 96h. Tolerance to phenanthrene was significantly improved by 0.5% of taurine inclusion in feed relative to TAU0%, but not by 5.0% inclusion. Reduced glutathione in the liver, which acts as an oxygen-free radical scavenger, was associated with a reduction in the toxicity of phenanthrene. For the bioaccumulation test, fish were fed the test diets for 40d and were thereafter chronically exposed to 20µg/L phenanthrene for 13d followed by depuration for 3d. The activity of hepatic biomarker, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, was increased by phenanthrene exposure in the taurine inclusion groups. However, phenanthrene concentrations in the liver and muscle of fish fed TAU5.0% tended to be higher than those of fish fed TAU0% and TAU0.5% during the exposure period. These results indicate that 0.5% of taurine inclusion in feed plays an important role in the alleviation of phenanthrene toxicity but not bioaccumulation. Furthermore, larger amount of taurine inclusion (TAU5%) did not show marked beneficial effects against phenanthrene exposure. This study provides insight about a major concern of environmental contaminants into aquatic environment and can be effectively used for improvement of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hano
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan.
| | - Mana Ito
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Ito
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kono
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ohkubo
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
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11
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Mohanty R, Das SK, Patri M. Modulation of Benzo[a]Pyrene Induced Anxiolytic-Like Behavior by Retinoic Acid in Zebrafish: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense System. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:493-504. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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