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Wu D, Lu X, Dong LX, Tian J, Deng J, Wei L, Wen H, Zhong S, Jiang M. Nano polystyrene microplastics could accumulate in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Negatively impacts on the intestinal and liver health through water exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:604-614. [PMID: 37980043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a significant concern for their potential toxicity. However, the correlation between the size of plastic particles and their toxicity remains inconclusive. Here, we investigate the toxic effects of different sizes (80 nm, 800 nm, 8 µm and 80 µm) polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the model organism Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The results of bioluminescent imaging indicate that the 80 nm PS-MPs are more likely to invade the body. H&E staining shows severe damage on the intestinal villi and distinct hepatic steatosis in the 80 nm group. EdU labeling shows that the proliferation activity of intestinal and liver cells reduces significantly in the 80 nm group. The gut microbiome analysis shows a severe imbalance of gut microbiota homeostasis in the 80 nm group. The analysis of liver transcriptomics and metabolomics shows that the liver lipid metabolism is disordered in the 80 nm group. In conclusion, this study confirms that the 80 nm PS-MPs are more likely to induce intestinal and liver toxicity. All the above lay the foundation for further study on the pathological damage of MPs to other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Li-Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Jin Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hua Wen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
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2
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Cao L, Shao N, Du J, Zhu H, Gao J, Li Q, Sun Y, Hu J, Yin G, Xu G. Involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the hepatopancreatic cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by microcystin-LR in Eriocheir sinensis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109801. [PMID: 37996048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about the toxicity of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in crustaceans, despite its high toxicity to aquatic organisms. This research aimed to explore the effects of MC-LR on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis, as well as elucidate the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and potential mechanisms of toxicity. In vivo and in vitro exposures of crabs to MC-LR and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were performed, followed by assessments of cell morphology, viability, tissue pathology, biochemical indicators, gene expression, and hepatopancreatic transcriptome. Results revealed that MC-LR facilitated the entry of the MC-LR transporter oatp3a into hepatopancreatic cells, leading to upregulated expression of phase I detoxification enzyme genes (cyp4c, cyp2e1, and cyp3) and downregulated the phase II enzyme genes (gst1, gpx, gsr2, gclc, and nqo1), resulting in increased ROS levels and cytotoxic effects. MC-LR exhibited cytotoxicity, reducing cell viability and inducing abnormal nuclear morphology with a 48 h-IC50 value of approximately 120 μm. MC-LR exposure caused biochemical changes indicative of oxidative stress damage and evident hepatopancreatic lesions. Additionally, MC-LR exposure regulated the levels of bax and bcl-2 expression, activating caspase 3 and 6 to induce cell apoptosis. Intervention with NAC attenuated MC-LR-induced ROS production and associated toxic effects. Transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment of differentially expressed genes in pathways related to cytochrome P450-mediated xenobiotic metabolism and the FoxO signaling pathway. These findings shed light on the potential mechanisms underlying MC-LR toxicity and provide valuable references for further research and conservation efforts regarding the health of aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Nailin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Haojun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Guojun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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Peng C, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang L. Toxicity assessment of organophosphate flame retardant triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) on intestines in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115685. [PMID: 37976930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), one widely used organophosphate flame retardant, has attracted accumulating attention due to its high detection rate in human biological samples. Up to date, the effects of TPHP exposure on intestinal health remain unexplored. In this study, BALB/c mice were used as a model and exposed to TPHP at dose of 2, 10, or 50 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. We observed Crohn's disease-like features in ileum and ulcerative colitis disease-like features in colon, such as shorter colon length, ileum/colon structure impairment, intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, enrichment of proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells, and disruption of tight junction. Furthermore, we found that TPHP induced production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells, accompanied by disruption of tight junction between cells. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying TPHP-induced changes in intestines, we build the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework based on Comparative Toxicogenomics and GeneCards database. The AOP framework revealed that PI3K/AKT and FoxO signaling pathway might be associated with cellular apoptosis, an increase in ROS production, and increased inflammation response in mouse ileum and colon tissues challenged with TPHP. These results identified that TPHP induced IBD-like features and provided new perspectives for toxicity evaluation of TPHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Sun L, Yang B, Peng Z, Yang T, Qin B, Ao J, Yang Y, Wang J, Zheng L, Xie H. Transcriptomics and Phenotypic Analysis of gpr56 Knockout in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097740. [PMID: 37175447 PMCID: PMC10178538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor is a seven-transmembrane receptor protein with a complex structure. Impaired GPR56 has been found to cause developmental damage to the human brain, resulting in intellectual disability and motor dysfunction. To date, studies on gpr56 deficiency in zebrafish have been limited to the nervous system, and there have been no reports of its systemic effects on juvenile fish at developmental stages. In order to explore the function of gpr56 in zebrafish, the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system was used to construct a gpr56-knockout zebrafish. Subsequently, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the transcriptional level between the 3 days post fertilization (dpf) homozygotes of the gpr56 mutation and the wildtype zebrafish were analyzed via RNA-seq. The results of the clustering analysis, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and in situ hybridization demonstrated that the expression of innate immunity-related genes in the mutant was disordered, and multiple genes encoding digestive enzymes of the pancreatic exocrine glands were significantly downregulated in the mutant. Motor ability tests demonstrated that the gpr56-/- zebrafish were more active, and this change was more pronounced in the presence of cold and additional stimuli. In conclusion, our results revealed the effect of gpr56 deletion on the gene expression of juvenile zebrafish and found that the gpr56 mutant was extremely active, providing an important clue for studying the mechanism of gpr56 in the development of juvenile zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Sun
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Boyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Tianle Yang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Bin Qin
- Heart Development Center, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jieyu Ao
- Heart Development Center, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yanqun Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jingling Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huaping Xie
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Changsha 410081, China
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Zhang Q, Lin R, Yang J, Zhao J, Li H, Liu K, Xue X, Zhao H, Han S, Zhao H. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That C17 Mycosubtilin Antagonizes Verticillium dahliae by Interfering with Multiple Functional Pathways of Fungi. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040513. [PMID: 37106714 PMCID: PMC10136297 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt is a kind of soil-borne plant fungal disease caused by Verticillium dahliae (Vd). Vd 991 is a strong pathogen causing cotton Verticillium wilt. Previously, we isolated a compound from the secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis J15 (BS J15), which showed a significant control effect on cotton Verticillium wilt and was identified as C17 mycosubtilin. However, the specific fungistatic mechanism by which C17 mycosubtilin antagonizes Vd 991 is not clear. Here, we first showed that C17 mycosubtilin inhibits the growth of Vd 991 and affects germination of spores at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Morphological observation showed that C17 mycosubtilin treatment caused shrinking, sinking, and even damage to spores; the hyphae became twisted and rough, the surface was sunken, and the contents were unevenly distributed, resulting in thinning and damage to the cell membrane and cell wall and swelling of mitochondria of fungi. Flow cytometry analysis with ANNEXINV-FITC/PI staining showed that C17 mycosubtilin induces necrosis of Vd 991 cells in a time-dependent manner. Differential transcription analysis showed that C17 mycosubtilin at a semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) treated Vd 991 for 2 and 6 h and inhibited fungal growth mainly by destroying synthesis of the fungal cell membrane and cell wall, inhibiting its DNA replication and transcriptional translation process, blocking its cell cycle, destroying fungal energy and substance metabolism, and disrupting the redox process of fungi. These results directly showed the mechanism by which C17 mycosubtilin antagonizes Vd 991, providing clues for the mechanism of action of lipopeptides and useful information for development of more effective antimicrobials.
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6
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Wei L, Fu J, He L, Wang H, Ruan J, Li F, Wu H. Microcystin-LR-induced autophagy regulates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in grass carp ovary cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 87:105520. [PMID: 36410616 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
MC-LR is one of the cyanotoxins produced by fresh water cyanobacteria. Previous studies showed that autophagy played an important role in MC-LR-induced reproduction toxicity. However, information on the toxicological mechanism is limited. In this study, MC-LR could induce autophagy and apoptosis in GCO cells in vitro. In GCO cells that had been exposed to MC-LR, the inhibitor of 3-MA effectively decreased cell viability and damaged cell ultrastructure. Oxidative stress was significantly increased in the 3-MA + MC-LR group, accompanied by significantly increased MDA content and decreased CAT activity and GST, SOD1, GPx, and GR expression levels (P < 0.05). Inflammation was more serious in the 3-MA + MC-LR group than that of MC-LR group, which was evidenced by increasing expression levels of TNFα, IL11, MyD88, TNFR1, TRAF2, JNK, CCL4, and CCL20 (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the significant decrease of Caspase-9, Caspase-7, and Bax expression and significant increase of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in 3-MA + MC-LR group compared to MC-LR group, suggesting that extent of apoptosis were reduced. Taken together, these results indicated that MC-LR induced autophagy and apoptosis in GCO cells, however, the inhibition of autophagy decreased the extent of apoptosis, induced more serious oxidative stress and inflammation, which eventually induced cell death. Our findings provided some information for exploring the toxicity of MC-LR, however, the role of autophagy require further study in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China.
| | - Jianping Fu
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330022, PR China
| | - Li He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China
| | - Jiming Ruan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China
| | - Fugui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China
| | - Huadong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, PR China.
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Lu X, Zhang JX, Zhang L, Wu D, Tian J, Yu LJ, He L, Zhong S, Du H, Deng DF, Ding YZ, Wen H, Jiang M. Comprehensive understanding the impacts of dietary exposure to polyethylene microplastics on genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): tracking from growth, microbiota, metabolism to gene expressions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156571. [PMID: 35688245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has been recognized as a threat to sustainable fisheries due to the risks of MPs contamination in the process of feed production and susceptibility of fish to ingest MPs from the aquatic environment. In this study, we applied comprehensive approaches to investigate the impacts of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) through 9-week dietary exposure based on growth performance, gut microbiota, liver metabolism, and gene expressions in brain and liver tissues. Dietary exposure to two kinds of PE-MPs with different median size (27 μm and 63 μm, respectively) concentration-dependently decreased weight gain (WG), while increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the tilapia. Dietary administration of PE-MPs also significantly reduced the activities of intestinal protease and amylase. PE-MPs particles of the larger size groups (63 μm) were mainly detected in feces, but those of the smaller ones (27 μm) tended to be accumulated in intestine. PE-MPs ingestion resulted in the alteration of gut microbiota composition, with Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes as the overrepresented bacterial taxa. Metabolomic assays of liver samples in fish fed the diets containing 8 % of PE-MPs revealed the particle size-specific variations in composition of differential metabolites and metabolism pathways such as amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Gene expressions of brain and liver samples were analyzed by RNA-seq. Photoperiodism and circadian rhythm were the representative biological processes enriched for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from the brain. Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) was the most enriched pathway revealed by a joint transcriptomic and metabolic pathway analysis for the liver, followed by propanoate and pyruvate metabolism. Furthermore, an integration analysis of the gut microbiome and liver transcriptome data identified significant associations between several pathogenic bacteria taxa and immune pathways. Our findings demonstrated that the sizes and concentrations of PE-MPs are critically related to their toxic impacts on microbiota community, metabolism, gene expressions and thus fish growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Jie-Xin Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Genetics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Li-Juan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Li He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Genetics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Dong-Fang Deng
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA
| | - Yong-Zhen Ding
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Hua Wen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
| | - Ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
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He J, Shu Y, Dai Y, Gao Y, Liu S, Wang W, Jiang H, Zhang H, Hong P, Wu H. Microcystin-leucine arginine exposure induced intestinal lipid accumulation and MC-LR efflux disorder in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles. Toxicology 2022; 465:153058. [PMID: 34863901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Few studies exist on the toxic effects of chronic exposure to microcystins (MCs) on amphibian intestines, and the toxicity mechanisms are unclear. Here, we evaluated the impact of subchronic exposure (30 days) to environmentally realistic microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) concentrations (0 μg/L, 0.5 μg/L and 2 μg/L) on tadpole (Lithobates catesbeianus) intestines by analyzing the histopathological and subcellular microstructural damage, the antioxidative and oxidative enzyme activities, and the transcriptome levels. Histopathological results showed severe damage accompanied by inflammation to the intestinal tissues as the MC-LR exposure concentration increased from 0.5 μg/L to 2 μg/L. RNA-sequencing analysis identified 634 and 1,147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after exposure to 0.5 μg/L and 2 μg/L MC-LR, respectively, compared with those of the control group (0 μg/L). Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway were upregulated in the intestinal tissues of the exposed groups, with many lipid droplets being observed on transmission electron microscopy, implying that MC-LR may induce lipid accumulation in frog intestines. Moreover, 2 μg/L of MC-LR exposure inhibited the xenobiotic and toxicant biodegradation related to detoxification, implying that the tadpoles' intestinal detoxification ability was weakened after exposure to 2 μg/L MC-LR, which may aggravate intestinal toxicity. Lipid accumulation and toxin efflux disorder may be caused by MC-LR-induced endoplasmic reticular stress. This study presents new evidence that MC-LR harms amphibians by impairing intestinal lipid metabolism and toxin efflux, providing a theoretical basis for evaluating the health risks of MC-LR to amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Yilin Shu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Yue Dai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Yuxin Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Shuyi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Pei Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
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9
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Ma Y, Liu H, Du X, Shi Z, Liu X, Wang R, Zhang S, Tian Z, Shi L, Guo H, Zhang H. Advances in the toxicology research of microcystins based on Omics approaches. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106661. [PMID: 34077854 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most widely distributed cyanotoxins, which can be ingested by animals and human body in multiple ways, resulting in a threat to human health and the biodiversity of wildlife. Therefore, the study on toxic effects and mechanisms of MCs is one of the focuses of attention. Recently, the Omics techniques, i.e. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, have significantly contributed to the comprehensive understanding and revealing of the molecular mechanisms about the toxicity of MCs. This paper mainly reviews current literature using the Omics approaches to explore the toxicity mechanism of MCs in liver, gonad, spleen, brain, intestine and lung of multiple species. It was found that MCs can exert strong toxic effects on various metabolic activities and cell signal transduction in cell cycle, apoptosis, destruction of cell cytoskeleton and redox disorder, at protein, transcription and metabolism level. Meanwhile, it was also revealed that the alteration of non-coding RNAs (miRNA, circRNA and lncRNA, etc.) and gut microbiota plays an essential regulatory role in the toxic effects of MCs, especially in hepatotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. In addition, we summarized current research gaps and pointed out the future directions for research. The detailed information in this paper shows that the application and development of Omics techniques have significantly promoted the research on MCs toxicity, and it is also a valuable resource for exploring the toxic mechanism of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ziang Shi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Linjia Shi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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Jiang C, Li Z, Shi Y, Guo D, Pang B, Chen X, Shao D, Liu Y, Shi J. Bacillus subtilis inhibits Aspergillus carbonarius by producing iturin A, which disturbs the transport, energy metabolism, and osmotic pressure of fungal cells as revealed by transcriptomics analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 330:108783. [PMID: 32659523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of Aspergillus carbonarius causes decreases and great decay of agricultural products, and threatens the human and animal health by producing mycotoxins, especially ochratoxin A. Bacillus subtilis has been proved to efficiently inhibit the growth of A. carbonarius. Revealing the major active compound and the mechanisms for the antifungal of B. subtilis are essential to enhance its antifungal activity and control the quality of antifungal products made of it. In this study, we determined that iturin A is the major compound that inhibits Aspergillus carbonarius, a widespread fungal pathogen of grape and other fruits. Iturin A significantly inhibited growth and ochratoxin A production of A. carbonarius with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 10 μg/mL and 0.312 μg/mL, respectively. Morphological observations revealed that iturin A caused swelling of the fungal cells and thinning of the cell wall and membrane at 1/2 MIC, whereas it inhibited fungal spore germination and caused mitochondrial swelling at higher concentrations. A differential transcriptomic analysis indicated that the mechanisms used by iturin A to inhibit A. carbonarius were to downregulate the expression of genes related to cell membrane, transport, osmotic pressure, oxidation-reduction processes, and energy metabolism. Among the down-regulated genes, those related to the transport capacity were most significantly influenced, including the increase of energy-related transport pathways and decrease of other pathways. Notably, the genes related to taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were also decreased, indicating iturin A potentially cause the occurrence of osmotic imbalance in A. carbonarius, which may be the intrinsic cause for the swelling of fungal cells and mitochondria. Overall, iturin A produced by B. subtilis played important roles to inhibit A. carbonarius via changing the fungal cell structure and causing perturbations to energy, transport and osmotic pressure metabolisms in fungi. The results indicated a new direction for researches on the mechanisms for lipopeptides and provided useful information to develop more efficient antifungal agents, which are important to agriculture and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Zhenzhu Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yihong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Bin Pang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Xianqing Chen
- Jiaxing Synbiolab Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province 314006, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, 23 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China.
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