1
|
Wang S, Xing W, Li W, Xie Z, Xiao Y, Huang W. Red light mitigates Cd toxicity in Egeria densa by restricting Cd accumulation and modulating antioxidant defense system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108675. [PMID: 38705047 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Controlling light qualities have been acknowledged as an effective method to enhance the efficiency of phytoremediation, as light has a significant impact on plant growth. This study examined the effects of light qualities on cadmium (Cd) tolerance in aquatic plant Egeria densa using a combination of biochemical and transcriptomic approaches. The study revealed that E. densa exhibits higher resistance to Cd toxicity under red light (R) compared to blue light (B), as evidenced by a significant decrease in photosynthetic inhibition and damage to organelle ultrastructure. After Cd exposure, there was a significantly reduced Cd accumulation and enhanced levels of both glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH), along with an increase in jasmonic acid (JA) in R-grown E. densa compared to B. Transcriptional analysis revealed that R caused an up-regulation of Cd transporter genes such as ABCG (G-type ATP-binding cassette transporter), ABCC (C-type ATP-binding cassette transporter), and CAX2 (Cation/H+ exchanger 2), while down-regulated the expression of HIPP26 (Heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein 26), resulting in reduced Cd uptake and enhanced Cd exportation and sequestration into vacuoles. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in phytochromes and JA synthesis was up-regulated in Cd treated E. densa under R. In summary, the results suggest that R could limit Cd accumulation and improve antioxidant defense to mitigate Cd toxicity in E. densa, which might be attributed to the enhanced JA and phytochromes. This study provides a foundation for using light control methods with aquatic macrophytes to remediate heavy metal contamination in aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanwei Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Yani Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Tibet University, Lhasa, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Education, Tibet University, Lhasa, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- The Analysis and Testing Center of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang S, Xing W, Wang L, Li W, Xie Z, Huang W. Red light alleviates Cd toxicity in Egeria densa by modifying carbon-nitrogen metabolism and boosting energy metabolism. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106804. [PMID: 38141498 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the various pollutants detected in aquatic ecosystems, cadmium (Cd) is considered as one of the most hazardous. Freshwater macrophytes have been recognized as possible candidates for eliminating Cd from environment. Nevertheless, the impact of light quality on their ability to tolerate Cd toxicity remains unclear, and the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we utilized physiological testing and metabolomics to explore the potential mechanisms by which light quality influences the ability of Egeria densa, a significant Cd hyperaccumulator, to withstand Cd toxicity. The study demonstrated that following Cd treatment, E. densa grown under red light exhibited superior photosynthetic efficiency compared to those grown under blue light, as evidenced by significantly increased photosynthetic rate, higher starch content, and greater activity of photosynthetic enzymes. Moreover, metabolomic analyses revealed that under Cd stress, E. densa grown under red light exhibited an enhanced glycolysis for increased energy production. Sucrose metabolism was also improved to generate sufficient sugar including glucose, fructose and mannose for osmotic adjustment. Moreover, under red light, the heightened production of α-ketoglutarate via tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle redirected nitrogen flow towards the synthesis of resilient substances such as γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and methionine. The production of these substances was ∼2.0 and 1.3 times greater than that of treatment with Cd under blue light, thereby improving E. densa's capacity to withstand Cd stress. This study represents the initial investigation into the possible mechanisms by which light quality influences the ability of E. densa to withstand Cd toxicity through regulating CN metabolism. Furthermore, these findings have the potential to improve phytoremediation strategies aimed at reducing Cd pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanwei Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China; Yani Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Tibet, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Wang L, Zhang M, Li W, Xie Z, Huang W. Blue Light Enhances Cadmium Tolerance of the Aquatic Macrophyte Potamogeton crispus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2667. [PMID: 37514281 PMCID: PMC10383238 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic and widely distributed in aquatic systems due to its high solubility and mobility in water, which can severely inhibit the survival of aquatic macrophytes. The phytotoxicity of Cd depends on environmental factors; however, it remains unclear whether and how light quality affects its toxicity on aquatic macrophytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cd on aquatic macrophytes Potamogeton crispus under different light qualities (white, blue, and red light). We evaluated morphological and photo-physiological traits, as well as the cellular antioxidant defense system. Our findings indicate that P. crispus under Cd stress showed notable damage in leaf morphology, decreased photosynthetic efficiency, inhibited HCO3- uptake, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as oxidative damage indicated by MDA accumulation and superoxide (O2-) overproduction. However, compared with white or red light under Cd stress, blue light reduced structural damage and oxidative stress caused by Cd while increasing pigment synthesis and photosynthetic efficiency, as well as increasing ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. In conclusion, the changes induced by blue light in P. crispus's photosynthesis and antioxidant system strengthen its tolerance to Cd. Further research on signal transmission in relation to light quality in Cd-exposed aquatic plants is still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanwei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Skovsholt LJ, Riis T, Matheson F, Hawes I. Growth response to nitrate enrichment helps facilitate success of an alien Potamogeton in New Zealand streams. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15528. [PMID: 37128336 PMCID: PMC10148038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivated by stream ecosystem degradation by eutrophication, we mimicked slow flowing lowland stream conditions with a novel experimental setup to further our understanding of aquatic plant responses to increases in nitrate and light. We conducted a mesocosm growth experiment of two species from the genus Potamogeton: P. crispus (alien) and P. ochreatus (native), grown at four nitrate and four light levels. We hypothesised that (i) internal nutrient status of the plants would scale with water column nutrient concentration, and that (ii) plant performance would reflect the nutrient status of the plant. Furthermore, we hypothesised that (iii) a low irradiance level would negate the effects of an increased nitrate level. In relation to (ii) we hypothesised that (iv) the traits of the alien species would enable it to outperform the native species where both the availability of light and nutrient resources was high. Internal tissue N content was broadly similar in the two higher (>250 μg NO3 - L-1) and the two lower nutrient treatments (<20 μg NO3 - L-1) in both species and plants were therefore collapsed into high and low N-groups. High-N individuals had higher growth rates than low-N ones regardless of species or light treatment and plants had reduced growth rates at the lowest light treatment, however this response was less evident for P. crispus. The highest growth rate was found at the high-N individuals of P. crispus at the highest light treatment, and correspondingly, in this treatment this species exhibited an increase in branching degree and lateral spread from the low-N plants. As P. crispus spreads by fragmentation, our results show it to be a highly effective competitor in anthropogenically impacted areas compared to its native counterpart. Our study exemplifies how light can influence eutrophication responses of plants and how both need to be accounted for in management decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Johansen Skovsholt
- University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand
- NIWA, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand.
| | - Tenna Riis
- Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Denmark
| | | | - Ian Hawes
- University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou J, Liu X, Jiang H, Li X, Li W, Cao Y. Antidote or Trojan horse for submerged macrophytes: Role of microplastics in copper toxicity in aquatic environments. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118354. [PMID: 35358874 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique surface structures and physicochemical properties, microplastics (MPs) can adsorb other contaminants, thus impacting their toxicity and fate in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the adsorption and transportation of copper ions (Cu2+) in polyethylene (PE, 5 and 150 μm) and their combined effects on four submerged macrophyte species were assessed. Results demonstrated that the addition of PE reduced the Cu2+ concentration in copper sulfate (CuSO4) solution and the adsorption of Cu2+ in PE (10 mg/L) increased with CuSO4 concentration (100-600 μmol/L). PE alone exhibited no inhibitory effects on macrophytes, while Cu2+ showed fatal toxicity toward the macrophytes. However, the combination of PE and Cu2+ showed lower inhibitory effects on macrophytes and the toxicity attenuation varied among species. Additionally, PE may act as a carrier (like a Trojan horse) for the environmental transfer of Cu2+, thereby hosting Cu2+ toxicity against macrophytes in the imported environment. Our findings indicate that PE acts as both an antidote to and carrier of Cu2+ toxicity in macrophytes. This study should help in clarifying the combined effects and risk assessments of MPs and heavy metals in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhe Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hongsheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xingjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Monitoring the Chl-a Distribution Details in the Yangtze River Mouth Using Satellite Remote Sensing. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14081295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in the Yangtze River Mouth area was analyzed using a new Chl-a inversion model (PMS-C) based on the relationship between in situ Chl-a and GF-4 PMS band combinations. Combining GF-4 PMS with HY-C CZI, this paper revealed that: (1) Chl-a concentration in Yangtze River Mouth was in the range of 2–6 µg/L, being higher in the west than in the east. The high Chl-a area was mainly distributed near the mouth of the Yangtze River and the Chl-a value was in the range of 3.7 µg/L to 5.9 µg/L. Chl-a concentration is higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter, with a Chl-a concentration difference of 1–2 µg/L. Chl-a downstream of islands and bridges increased by 0.5–1.7 µg/L compared with upstream. (2) Short-term (within 3 h) changes of Chl-a concentration were effectively detected. In summer and autumn, Chl-a obtained at 13:30 in the noon was generally lower than Chl-a obtained at around 10:30 in the morning and it decreased by nearly 0.1–4 μg/L within three hours on the same day. In winter, the concentration of Chl-a decreased in the range of 0–1.9 μg/L. Generally, within three hours, Chl-a in the downstream of the island decreased significantly from 5 μg/L to about 3.8 μg/L, and Chl-a downstream of piers decreased from 3.7 μg/L to about 3 μg/L. (3) Environmental factors including seawater temperature, illumination, and nutrients, as well as dynamic factors such as wind and tidal current can induce Chl-a change in the Yangtze River Mouth. Short-term change of Chl-a concentration is closely related to the specific hydrodynamic conditions, nutrients, and lighting conditions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang W, Jin Q, Yin L, Li W. Responses of CO 2-concentrating mechanisms and photosynthetic characteristics in aquatic plant Ottelia alismoides following cadmium stress under low CO 2. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110955. [PMID: 32800229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of cadmium (Cd) have been investigated in an aquatic plant Ottelia alismoides grown under low CO2. Under low CO2, no Cd treated O. alismoides operated three carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) efficiently, including HCO3- acquisition, C4 and CAM photosynthesis. After 4 days of treatment with 200 μM and 2000 μM Cd, O. alismoides exhibited an elevated Cd accumulation along with the increasing Cd concentration. Both Cd treatments induced appreciable phytotoxicities in O. alismoides. The leaves showed chlorosis symptoms and the anatomy as well as chloroplast ultrastructure were obviously damaged. Significant decreases in the content of pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm and Yield of PS II) and carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) were measured in leaf extracts of O. alismoides grown with both concentrations of Cd. In addition, the pH-drift technique showed that both Cd-treated O. alismoides plants could not uptake HCO3-. The maximum and minimum acidity in Cd-exposed O. alismoides were greatly decreased and the diurnal change of acidity was absent in both Cd treated plants. Furthermore, significant decreases in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activities were also found at Cd treated O. alismoides plants, indicating the disturbance within C4 cycle. The alterations in the functionality of CCMs in O. alismoides induced by Cd might be related with the inhibition of the enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase (CA) and PEPC involved in inorganic carbon fixation, and the destruction of chloroplasts, as well as the re-allocation of energy and nutrients involved in CCMs and Cd detoxification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Aix Marseille Univ CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, FR 3479, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402, Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Quan Jin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, HaiKou, 570228, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, HaiKou, 570228, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|