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Phytochemical Compound Profile and the Estimation of the Ferruginol Compound in Different Parts (Roots, Leaves, and Seeds) of Juniperus procera. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary plant metabolites and their derivatives play a significant role in human health. Ferruginol is a diterpene phenol that has recently received attention for its pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antitumor, antimalarial, and cardioprotective effects. Recently, we detected the ferruginol compound in the leaf and seed extracts of Juniperus procera using different analytical approaches. The present work aims at detecting phytochemical compounds in a root extract of J. procera and estimating the amount of ferruginol compound in different parts of Juniperus procera. To screen the phytochemical compounds present in the root extract of J. procera, Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was performed. For ferruginol identification and estimation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with the ferruginol reference standard and high-resolution direct analysis in real-time (DART) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) (DART-TOF-MS) analysis were used. GC/MS analysis revealed more than 20 bioactive compounds related to secondary plant metabolites in the root extract of J. procera with biological activity. The DART-TOF-MS result showed the typical positive ion spectra of ferruginol, and the HPLC result confirmed that the root extract of J. procera contains the ferruginol compound. In contrast, the root extract of J. procera contained a significant amount of ferruginol compared to that in the leaf and seed extracts. All parts of the J. procera contained the ferruginol compound and proved that ferruginol might be accumulated in the roots, leaves, and seeds of J. procera.
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Wang MM, Li YN, Ming WK, Wu PF, Yi P, Gong ZP, Hao XJ, Yuan CM. Bioassay-guided isolation of human carboxylesterase 2 inhibitory and antioxidant constituents from Laportea bulbifera: Inhibition interactions and molecular mechanism. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera and their effect on biomass and phytochemical compounds in Juniperus procera. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19136. [PMID: 34580362 PMCID: PMC8476557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesized nanoparticles have played vital role recently, as suggested to be alternative to physical and chemical methods. In this study, biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were carried out using leaf extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Zinc nitrate. The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on biomass and biochemical parameters was investigated. Biosynthesized ZnO nanostructure was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Which resulted in spherical shape with size ranging between 16 to 35 nm of Biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles and UV absorption beak at 370.5 nm with clear peaks of functional groups. The impact of different concentrations (0.0 mg/L, 80 mg/L and 160 mg/L) of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles on biomass and bioactive compounds production of Juniperus procera in vitro was investigated. The results showed that, biosynthesized ZnO NPs (80 mg/L and 160 mg/L) concentrations were boosted the growth of J. Procera with significantly compared to non-treated plants in vitro. The highest concentration (160 mg/L) of ZnO NPs was enhanced the growth of plant at beginning period, one month later shoots became yellow and callus turned to be brownish. Moreover, the influence of ZnO NPs on phytochemical compounds in callus of Juniperus procera was examined using GC-MS analysis. The differences among treatments were recoded. Overall, zinc oxide nanoparticles substantially improved the growth of shoots and callus with increasing of biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll a, total phenolic and flavonoids contents, besides the total protein and, SOD, CAT and APX activity. ZnO NPs might be induced some phytochemical compounds as well as inhibit.
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Ghramh HA, Ibrahim EH, Kilnay M. Majra Honey Abrogated the Normal and Cancer Cells Proliferation Inhibition by Juniperus procera Extract and Extract/Honey Generated AgNPs. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:970-981. [PMID: 32053084 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200213104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juniperus procera and Majra honey are well-known as a folk medicine in many countries. OBJECTIVES This work aimed to study the immunomodulatory effects after mixing Majra honey, J. procera water leaves extract and silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on immune or cancer cells. METHODS Juniperus procera water leaves extract and 20% Majra honey were prepared. Both the extract and honey were used separately to synthesize AgNPs. AgNPs were characterized using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and electron microscopy. Bioactive molecules in honey and the extract were explored using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Protein profile of honey was explored using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and honey sugar content was determined using High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Biological activities of honey and the extract were tested. RESULTS The results demonstrated the ability of the extract/honey to produce AgNPs in a spherical shape. The extract/honey contained many functional groups. SDS-PAGE of Majra honey showed many protein bands. HPLC revealed honey is of good quality and no external additives are added to it. The extract and extract+ AgNPs inhibited the growth of normal rat splenic cells while honey stimulated it. The extract+honey turned stimulatory to the splenic cells' growth and significantly diminished the inhibitory potential of the extract containing AgNPs. Both the extract and honey have antimicrobial activities, this potential increased in the presence of AgNPs. Honey and Honey+AgNPs inhibited HepG2 cancer cell proliferation while Hela cell growth inhibited only with honey+AgNPs. CONCLUSION Both honey and the extract have antibacterial and immunomodulatory potentials as well as the power to produce AgNPs. Majra honey alone showed anticancer activity against HepGe2 cells, but not against Hela cells, and when contained AgNPs had anticancer activity on both cell lines. Mixing of Majra honey with J. procera extract showed characterized immunomodulatory potentials that can be described as immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Kilnay
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Salih AM, Al-Qurainy F, Khan S, Tarroum M, Nadeem M, Shaikhaldein HO, Alabdallah NM, Alansi S, Alshameri A. Mass propagation of Juniperus procera Hoechst. Ex Endl. From seedling and screening of bioactive compounds in shoot and callus extract. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:192. [PMID: 33882830 PMCID: PMC8059214 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juniperus procera Hoechst. ex Endl. is a medicinal tree in Saudi Arabia, primarily in the Enemas region, but it is locally threatened due to die-back disease and difficulties regarding seed reproduction (seed dormancy and underdeveloped embryonic anatomy, and germination rate < 40%). Hence, the alternative methods for reproduction of Juniperus procera are really needed for conservation and getting mass propagation for pharmaceutical uses. RESULTS In this manuscript, we articulated the successful in vitro shoot multiplication and callus induction of J. procera by using young seedling as explants and detected an important antibacterial and antitumor product. Explants were grown on different types of media with the supplement of different combinations of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) at different concentrations. The best media for shoot multiplication was Woody Plant Media (WPM) supplemented with PGRs (0.5 μM of IAA and 0.5 μM BAP or 0.5 μM IBA and 0.5 μM BAP). Whereas for callus induction and formation Woody Plant Media (WPM) with the addition of PGRs (0.5 μM 2,4-D and 0.5 μM BAP) was better than the Chu Basal Salt Mixture (N6), Gamborg's B-5 Basal Medium (B5), and Murashige and Skoog media. The possibility of multiplication of J. procera in vitro creates significant advantages to overcome the difficulties of seeds dormancy for the reproduction of plants, conservation of trees, and getting mass propagation material for pharmaceutical studies. The shoot and callus extract of J. procera was detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and revealed more than 20 compounds related to secondary metabolites, which contained antibacterial and antitumor agents, such as ferruginol, Retinol, and Quinolone as well as confirmed by Direct Analysis in Real Time, Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (DART-ToF-MS). Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) was detected in callus material by HPLC with sigma standard and confirmed by DART-ToF-MS and UV spectra. CONCLUSION We successfully conducted in vitro shoot multiplication and callus induction from J. procera seedlings using WPM and a different combination of PGRs and, detected an important antibacterial and antitumor product such as ferruginol and podophyllotoxin. According to our findings, J. procera has become a new natural source of novel bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalrhaman M Salih
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad Al-Qurainy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Khan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Tarroum
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nadeem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan O Shaikhaldein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 383, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alansi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aref Alshameri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Abdullah, Khan MA, Ahmad W, Ahmad M, Adhikari A, Ibrar M, Rehman MU, Asif M. Antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities of pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:1796-1807. [PMID: 33557649 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1880427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ziziphus oxyphylla Edgew is in folk use in Pakistan as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and liver ailments. Therefore, we have investigated antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities of the isolated compounds (ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid) from the chloroform fraction of Z. oxyphylla. Ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid showed significant DPPH and H2O2 scavenging activity as compared to control. In the acute toxicity study, ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid showed no toxic effects upto 200 mg/kg. The antinociceptive activity shown by ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid at 50 mg/kg was 64.28% and 65.35% compared to diclofenac sodium (72.3%) at 50 mg/kg. The percent inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema exhibited by ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid at 50 mg/kg was 51.33% and 58.66%, respectively, as compared to diclofenac sodium (72.66%). Both the isolated compounds exhibited inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema as compared to control. Hepatoprotection exhibited by zizybrenalic acid was more pronounced than ceanothic acid as observed from the decrease in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced elevation of serum biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, zizybrenalic acid produced a marked decline in CCl4-induced prolongation of phenobarbital-induced sleeping duration. Zizybrenalic acid exhibited 55.4 ± 1.37% inhibition of hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis compared to sodium salicylate (75.6 ± 2.15%). The histopathological damage caused by CCl4 was also countered by the administration of ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid. Ceanothic acid and zizybrenalic acid exhibited antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. Zizybrenalic acid exhibited better antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activity than ceanothic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Mir Azam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Muhammad Ibrar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
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Bakri MM, El-Naggar MA, Helmy EA, Ashoor MS, Abdel Ghany TM. Efficacy of Juniperus procera Constituents with Silver Nanoparticles Against Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium chlamydosporum. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-019-00716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ahmad Alma D, Abdullah A S. Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Some Plant Extracts on Experimental Diabetes in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.238.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abdullah, Khan MA, Ahmad W, Ahmad M, Nisar M. Hepatoprotective effect of the solvent extracts of Viola canescens Wall. ex. Roxb. against CCl 4 induced toxicity through antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activity. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:10. [PMID: 28056938 PMCID: PMC5217637 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Viola canescens Wall. ex. Roxb. exhibits analgesic, antimalarial and antispasmodic activities. It is used folklorically for the treatment of liver diseases, hypertension, malaria and cancer. The current study investigates phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of solvent extracts of whole plant of Viola canescens. Methods Phytochemicals, acute toxicity study and antioxidant activity of Viola canescens methanolic extract (VCME), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and partially purified EAF (90% EAF and combination of 80% EAF + 20% methanol fraction (EAF + Me) was carried out. Hepatoprotective activity of VCME, EAF (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) and partially purified EAF (50 mg/kg body weight) was investigated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated BALB/c mice for 7 days. Membrane stabilization effect was determined by hypotonic solution induced hemolysis while DNA ladder assay was carried out by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results Phytochemical screening of VCME showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, tannins and triterpenes. VCME, EAF (at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) and partially purified EAF (90% EAF and EAF + Me) at 50 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced the level of ALT, ALP, total bilirubin and restored the level of serum protein in comparison to CCl4 treated group. A significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevation in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was observed in extract treated animals as compared to CCl4 (p < 0.05). The IC50 values in membrane stabilization potential for VCME, EAF and sodium salicylate were 3.7 ± 0.11, 3.4 ± 0.15 and 3.2 ± 0.09 mg/ml, respectively. Similarly, CCl4 induced degradation of DNA was counteracted by VCME and EAF. The liver biopsy of mice treated with the solvent extracts showed remarkable restoration of normal histological archeitecture. Conclusions Viola canescens showed significant hepatoprotective potential due to its antioxidant and membrane stabilization effect.
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Singh P, Singh D, Goel RK. Protective effect on phenytoin-induced cognition deficit in pentylenetetrazol kindled mice: A repertoire of Glycyrrhiza glabra flavonoid antioxidants. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1209-1218. [PMID: 26154520 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1063673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Febaceae) has been widely used in traditional medicine and scientifically explored for its anticonvulsant and memory improving potential. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of flavonoid rich fraction of G. glabra root extract against phenytoin-induced cognition deficit in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction was initially screened in different in vitro free radical scavenging assays. For in vivo studies, the kindled mice in different groups were given 15 d post-treatment with phenytoin (25 mg/kg; p.o.) per se or in combination with varying doses of the fraction (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg; p.o.). Seizure severity score and cognitive functions were accessed using Racine's scale and passive shock avoidance paradigm, respectively on every 5th d after a PTZ challenge dose (35 mg/kg; i.p.). At the end of study, the animals were scarified for cerebral biochemistry. RESULTS The fraction showed marked antioxidant activity indicated by low IC50 values in DPPH (20.9 µg/mL), nitric oxide radical scavenging (195.2 µg/mL), and capacity of hydrogen peroxide scavenging (3.4 µg/mL) assays. Treatment with phenytoin per se and along with the flavonoid rich fraction showed significant reduction in seizure severity score as compared to vehicle control. The combined-treated groups also showed improved cognitive functions indicated by reduced number of mistakes and increased step-down latency in passive shock avoidance paradigm. CONCLUSION From the results, it can be concluded that the flavonoid rich fraction in combination with phenytoin reduces seizure severity and improve cognitive functions in PTZ-kindled mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramdeep Singh
- a Department of Pharmacology , Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University , Patiala , Punjab , India and
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab , India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab , India
| | - Rajesh K Goel
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab , India
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Benarous K, Bombarda I, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Gaetan H, Linani A, Tahri D, Sebaa M, Yousfi M. Harmaline and hispidin from Peganum harmala and Inonotus hispidus with binding affinity to Candida rugosa lipase: In silico and in vitro studies. Bioorg Chem 2015; 62:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Singh P, Singh D, Goel RK. Ficus religiosa L. figs--a potential herbal adjuvant to phenytoin for improved management of epilepsy and associated behavioral comorbidities. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 41:171-8. [PMID: 25461211 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, together with mitochondrial dysfunction, has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of epileptogenesis and its associated comorbidities. Phytoflavonoids have shown numerous beneficial ameliorative effects on different neurological disorders by virtue of their antioxidant effect. The present study investigated the effect of flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of the crude fig extract of Ficus religiosa in combination with phenytoin on seizure severity, depressive behavior, and cognitive deficit in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled mice. The flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of the crude fig extract was found to show significant antioxidant potential in various in vitro free radical scavenging assays. Combined treatment of this fraction (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) along with a subeffective dose of phenytoin (15 mg/kg; i.p.) in postkindled animals once daily for fifteen days showed a dose-dependent decrease in the seizure severity score, a decreased number of mistakes, increased step-down latency in passive shock avoidance paradigm, and decreased immobility time in the tail suspension test in comparison with the phenytoin only-treated group. Biochemical investigations of the brain tissue showed amelioration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and reduced catalase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, thereby indicating suppression of oxidative stress. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed the protective effect of the flavonoid-rich fraction of F. religiosa along with a subeffective dose of phenytoin in PTZ-kindling-associated cognitive deficit and depressive behavior with complete suppression of seizures through reduction of oxidative stress, supporting the the need for clinical evaluation of the supplementation of phytoflavonoids along with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for management of epilepsy and its psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India.
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da Costa MP, Bozinis MCV, Andrade WM, Costa CR, da Silva AL, Alves de Oliveira CM, Kato L, Fernandes ODFL, Souza LKH, Silva MDRR. Antifungal and cytotoxicity activities of the fresh xylem sap of Hymenaea courbaril L. and its major constituent fisetin. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:245. [PMID: 25027026 PMCID: PMC4223399 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The great potential of plants as Hymenaea courbaril L (jatoba) has not yet been throughly explored scientifically and therefore it is very important to investigate their pharmacological and toxicological activities to establish their real efficacy and safety. This study investigated the cytotoxicity of xylem sap of Hymenaea courbaril L and its bioactivity against the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans species complex and dermatophytes. METHODS The fresh xylem sap of H. courbaril was filtered resulting in an insoluble brown color precipitate and was identified as fisetin. In the filtrate was identified the mixture of fisetinediol, fustin, 3-O-methyl-2,3-trans-fustin and taxifolin, which were evaluated by broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing against C. neoformans species complex and dermatophytes. The fresh xylem sap and fisetin were screened for cytotoxicity against the 3T3-A31 cells of Balb/c using neutral red uptake (NRU) assay. RESULTS The fresh xylem sap and the fisetin showed higher in vitro activity than the filtrate. The xylem sap of H. courbaril inhibited the growth of dermatophytes and of C. neoformans with minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) < 256 μg/mL, while the fisetin showed MIC < 128 μg/mL for these fungi. Fisetin showed lower toxicity (IC50 = 158 μg/mL) than the fresh xylem sap (IC50 = 109 μg/mL). CONCLUSION Naturally occurring fisetin can provide excellent starting points for clinical application and can certainly represent a therapeutic potential against fungal infections, because it showed in vitro antifungal activity and low toxicity on animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Paula da Costa
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares Bozinis
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Praça Universitária, Esq, c/1a Avenida, Qd 62, Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605-220 Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Machado Andrade
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Praça Universitária, Esq, c/1a Avenida, Qd 62, Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605-220 Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rodrigues Costa
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Lopes da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II - Samambaia, Itatiaia, CEP: 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Lucília Kato
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II - Samambaia, Itatiaia, CEP: 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa Fernandes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto Souza
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Maria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 - s/n - Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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