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Yu H, Shan C, Li J, Hou X, Yang L. Alkaline absorbents for SO 2 and SO 3 removal: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121532. [PMID: 38986382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Injection of an alkaline absorbent into the flue gas can significantly reduce SO2 and SO3 emissions. The article presents alkaline absorbents employed in industrial processes to remove SO2 and SO3 from flue gases, detailing their characteristics and applications across various process conditions. It summarizes the mechanisms and influencing factors behind SO2 and SO3 removal, outlines the impact of multi-component gases, particularly SO2, on SO3 removal in actual flue gases, and elucidates this competitive phenomenon from a theoretical standpoint. The article compares the application scenarios and efficiencies of alkaline absorbents across different processes, identifies the optimal combinations of various absorbents and processes, and proposes a synergistic approach for the removal of SO2 and SO3. The findings demonstrate that by injecting calcium- or sodium-based absorbents into dry processes, SO2 and SO3 can be removed efficiently and cost-effectively, with process optimization and absorbent modifications further enhancing the SOx removal efficiency. In the future, by blending two or more absorbents and applying them to dry processes, a synergistic removal of SO2 and SO3 can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chuanjia Shan
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinjin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xueyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Linjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Rapid Identification of Optimized Process Parameters Via RSM for the Production of Valuable Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Multiphase Catalytic Pyrolysis of Mixed Waste Plastics. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-023-07630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Biodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Decorating Rhodococcus erythropolis IGTS8 Using Montmorillonite/Graphitic Carbon Nitride. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fossil fuels are the main sources of human energy, but their combustion releases toxic compounds of sulfur oxide. In the oil industry, using the optimal methods to eliminate sulfur compounds from fossil fuels is a very important issue. In this study, the performance of montmorillonite/graphitic carbon nitride (a new hybrid nanostructure) in increasing the biodesulfurization activity of Rhodococcus erythropolis IGTS8 was investigated. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for the characterization of the nanoparticles. The effective factors in this process were determined. Optimum conditions for microorganisms were designed using the Design Expert software. Experiments were performed in a flask. The results indicated that the biodesulfurization activity of a microorganism in the presence of the nanostructure increases by 52%. In addition, in the presence of the nanostructure, the effective factors are: 1. concentration of the nanostructure; 2. concentration of sulfur; 3. cell concentration. In the absence of the nanostructure, the only effective factor is the concentration of sulfur. Through analysis of variance, the proposed models were presented to determine the concentration of the 2-hydroxy biphenyl produced by the microorganisms (biodesulfurization activity) in the presence and absence of the nanostructure. The proposed models were highly acceptable and consistent with experimental data. The results of a Gibbs assay showed that the biodesulfurization efficiency of in the presence of the nanostructure was increased by about 52%, which is a very satisfactory result. The biodesulfurization activity of decorated cells in a bioreactor showed a significant increase compared with nondecorated cells. Almost a two-fold improvement in biodesulfurization activity was obtained for decorated cells compared with free cells.
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Oxidative Desulfurization of Real High-Sulfur Diesel Using Dicarboxylic Acid/H2O2 System. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
From the perspective of pollution, economics, and product quality, it is very important to find an efficient way to minimize the sulfur content of petroleum products such as gasoline and diesel. In this work, an effective, inexpensive, and simple oxidative desulfurization system based on hydrogen peroxide activation by three dicarboxylic acids which have different carbon numbers (i.e., malonic acid, succinic acid, and glutaric acid) was utilized for the desulfurization of a real diesel sample with high organic sulfur-containing compounds. The desulfurization process was based on the oxidation of sulfur compounds in diesel fuel to the corresponding sulfones followed by acetonitrile extraction of the sulfones. To select the optimal experimental conditions, the effects of several parameters, including temperature, catalyst H2O2 dosages, and treatment time, were investigated. The results showed that the developed system was effective in desulfurizing real diesel fuel with high sulfur content. With an initial total sulfur content of about 8104 mg/L, the desulfurization rate from the diesel sample reached more than 90.9, 88.9, and 93%, using malonic acid, succinic acid, and glutaric acid, respectively. The optimum parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, H2O2 (50 w/w%), and carboxylic acid dosage for oxidative desulfurization were determined to be 95 °C, 6 h, 10 mL, and 0.6 g, respectively. The conversion of refractory sulfur compounds into extractable sulfone forms was verified using gas chromatography. Moreover, the kinetic study confirmed that the designed reaction system follows the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.
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Matloob AM, Abd El-Hafiz DR, Saad L, Mikhail S. Hybrid Nanoarchitectonics with Cr, Fe-MOF/ Graphene Nanocomposite for Removal of Organic Sulfur Compounds from Diesel Fuel. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02472-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (Cr-MOF and Fe-MOF) and their graphene hybride nano-composites were prepared via green solvo-themal method. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm and XPS. The composites were used for the adsorption of thiophenic sulfur compound (thiophene, dibenzothiophene, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene) in a model fuel oil. It was found that, graphene in the MOF composite has positive effect on sulfur removal. The removal efficiency increase from 62% to % 95.6 using Fe-MOF and Fe-MOF/Gr (9:1), respectively. This enhancement effect is attributed to a greater number of coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) in the composites. The results indicated that the adsorption reach to 96.6% for DBT adsorption from model diesel oil and 62% for diesel fuel on using Cr-MOF/Gr composite.
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Desai K, Dharaskar S, Pandya J, Shinde S, Gupta T. Trihexyl tetradecyl phosphonium bromide as an effective catalyst/extractant in ultrasound-assisted extractive/oxidative desulfurization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49770-49783. [PMID: 35220534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphonium-based ionic liquid (PIL) has been used as a catalyst and extractant. Here, the PIL, trihexyl tetradecyl phosphonium bromide ([THTDP]Br) was utilized for the S-removal of model oil (MO) and acted as the reaction-induced self-separation catalyst. The influence of oxidant to sulfur molar ratio (n(O/S)), mass ratio of model oil to ionic liquid (m(MO/IL)), sonication time, and temperature was observed to investigate the optimal conditions for the ultrasound-assisted extractive/oxidative desulfurization (UEODS) catalyzed by [THTDP]Br. A kinetic study was performed, and the reaction rate constant and half-life were calculated as the oxidation reaction was following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Moreover, the oxidation reactivity and selectivity of various sulfur substrates were in the following order: DBT > BT > TH > 3-MT. The DBT removal with various initial S-content was observed to be constant, which makes it feasible for practical application. The interaction energy between [THTDP]Br and S-compounds was examined using Density Functional Theory. The sulfur removal of base oil (BO) was also examined using various desulfurization systems at DBT optimized conditions. The highest desulfurization efficiency of BO was obtained during the UEODS process, which made it industrially feasible. [THTDP]Br was regenerated and recycled six times with a slight variation in efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Desai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Swapnil Dharaskar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India.
| | - Jalaja Pandya
- Department of Physics, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Satyam Shinde
- Department of Physics, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India
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Kabi T, Hildebrandt D, Liu X, Yao Y. Adsorption of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel by amarula waste biomass as a low-cost adsorbent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114598. [PMID: 35151137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of the adsorption process is determined by the type of adsorbent used, but some adsorbents require a significant amount of processing to achieve the desired quality, and this has become a drawback economically and environmentally. This study focused on mitigating the issue of waste management and land pollution by using amarula waste biomass, which is a low-cost adsorbent that is obtained from the industrial waste by-product. The amarula shell (AmSh) waste was found to have a higher adsorption efficiency of 30 ± 3% compared to the amarula seed (AmSe) waste and the amarula fruit (AmWa) waste, which had 19 ± 5% and 9.5 ± 0.7% efficiency, respectively. It was found that the amarula waste biomass performed better at lower adsorption temperatures. The adsorption capacity was found to decrease with an increase in the quantity of the biomass. Kinetic models were applied to the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters were also studied to determine the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The characteristics of both the fresh and used amarula waste biomass was analyzed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). It was then concluded that cellulose and hemicellulose structures in amarula waste biomass played a major role in reducing the content of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsepiso Kabi
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Diane Hildebrandt
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Xinying Liu
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Yali Yao
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.
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Nawaz S, Ahmad M, Asif S, Klemeš JJ, Mubashir M, Munir M, Zafar M, Bokhari A, Mukhtar A, Saqib S, Khoo KS, Show PL. Phyllosilicate derived catalysts for efficient conversion of lignocellulosic derived biomass to biodiesel: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126068. [PMID: 34626762 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The efforts have been made to review phyllosilicate derived (clay-based) heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production via lignocellulose derived feedstocks. These catalysts have many practical and potential applications in green catalysis. Phyllosilicate derived heterogeneous catalysts (modified via any of these approaches like acid activated clays, ion exchanged clays and layered double hydroxides) exhibits excellent catalytic activity for producing cost effective and high yield biodiesel. The combination of different protocols (intercalated catalysts, ion exchanged catalysts, acidic activated clay catalysts, clay-supported catalysts, composites and hybrids, pillared interlayer clay catalysts, and hierarchically structured catalysts) was implemented so as to achieve the synergetic effects (acidic-basic) in resultant material (catalyst) for efficient conversion of lignocellulose derived feedstock (non-edible oils) to biodiesel. Utilisation of these Phyllosilicate derived catalysts will pave path for future researchers to investigate the cost-effective, accessible and improved approaches in synthesising novel catalysts that could be used for converting lignocellulosic biomass to eco-friendly biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Nawaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Asif
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Sciences, Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46300, Pakistan
| | - Jiří Jaromír Klemeš
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Muhammad Mubashir
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mamoona Munir
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Bokhari
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic; Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Mukhtar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Saqib
- Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Sadare OO, Ayeni AO, Daramola MO. Evaluation of adsorption and kinetics of neem leaf powder (Azadirachta indica)) as a bio-sorbent for desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from synthetic diesel. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Zaki EG, Mohmed D, Hussein MF, El-Zayat MM, Soliman FS, Aman D. Assessment of polyethylene/Zn-ionic as a diesel fuel sulfur adsorbent: gamma radiation effect and response surface methodology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52993-53009. [PMID: 34023992 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Irradiated waste high-density polyethylene@Zn/ionic liquid novel composite well-fabricated via coacervation method was irradiated by gamma-irradiation and studied the effect of that radiation on the desulfurization process. The prepared composites were characterized by various analytical techniques as follows: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), N2-adsorption-desorption isotherm, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG/DTA). The adsorptive desulfurization process of benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) which are harmful compounds in diesel model fuel was investigating using the irradiated and unirradiated composite. The results illustrated that the unirradiated and irradiated composites exhibit an adequate adsorption capacity reached (50-75 mg S/g) and (60-85 mg S/g) for BT and DBT, respectively. The adsorption process over the prepared adsorbents follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The irradiated composite exhibited more adsorption capacity than the unirradiated one due to the radiation generated more surface area and created proton-bond donor sites in the composite surface, which increases the interaction between the surface and sulfur species. The adsorption capacity and adsorption percentage for irradiated and unirradiated composites towards (SCCs) were studied using response surface methodology based on the central composite design (CCD). The thermodynamic factors (∆H°, ∆G°, and ∆S°) reveal that these processes are endothermic adsorption processes. The irradiated PEt @Zn/IL was re-used without significant loss of adsorption activity. This novel irradiated PEt @Zn/IL is the first time used as an adsorbent with an advantage that includes its excellent adsorption capacity, which ensures the product will be efficient in a real process such as the petrochemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed Gamal Zaki
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt.
| | - Dina Mohmed
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Modather Farouk Hussein
- Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
- Chemistry department, college of Science, Jouf University, Sakakah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Mahmoud El-Zayat
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Fathi Samir Soliman
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
- EPRI-Nanotechnology Center, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Delvin Aman
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt.
- EPRI-Nanotechnology Center, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt.
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Jumina, Kurniawan YS, Purwono B, Siswanta D, Priastomo Y, Winarno A, Waluyo J. Science and Technology Progress on the Desulfurization Process of Crude Oil. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jumina
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
| | - Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
- Ma Chung Research Center for Photosynthetic Pigments Universitas Ma Chung Villa Puncak Tidar N 01 Malang 65151 Indonesia
| | - Bambang Purwono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
| | - Dwi Siswanta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
| | - Yoga Priastomo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
| | - Agustinus Winarno
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vocational College Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
| | - Joko Waluyo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika No 2 UGM Campus Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
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Saha B, Vedachalam S, Dalai AK. Performance of geopolymer as adsorbent on desulphurization of heavy gas oil. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Saha
- Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratories University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Sundaramurthy Vedachalam
- Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratories University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Ajay K. Dalai
- Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratories University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
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Desai K, Dharaskar S, Khalid M, Gupta TCSM. Triphenyl methyl phosphonium tosylate as an efficient phase transfer catalyst for ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuel. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26747-26761. [PMID: 33491146 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL), triphenyl methyl phosphonium tosylate ([TPMP][Tos]), has been synthesized and applied as a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) in the ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAODS). Oxidation of model fuel (MF) containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) was carried out using an equimolar mixture of H2O2-CH3COOH as an oxidant at 40-70 °C in the presence of IL. The sulfur compound is converted into polar sulfone, and the maximum desulfurization efficiency was examined. The effect of process parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, molar ratio of oxidant to sulfur (n(O/S)), and the mass ratio of ionic liquid to model fuel (m(IL/MF)) was studied, and the conditions for maximizing the DBT conversion rate were found. Maximum conversion (> 99%) was obtained at a temperature of 70 °C with m(IL/MF) of 0.8. The oxidation reactivity of various sulfur compounds was studied at different time intervals. To verify the effect of ionic liquid and ultrasound irradiation, extractive desulfurization (EDS), oxidative desulfurization (ODS), and UAODS in the presence of IL were carried out. The experimental results show that the UAODS process gives the highest desulfurization efficiency. A kinetic study was performed to estimate the rate constant and the order of oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Desai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Swapnil Dharaskar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India.
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Verma A, Sharma S, Pramanik H. Pyrolysis of waste expanded polystyrene and reduction of styrene via in-situ multiphase pyrolysis of product oil for the production of fuel range hydrocarbons. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:330-339. [PMID: 33341659 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Upgraded fuel oil was produced from the waste expanded polystyrene (WEPS) using pyrolysis and in-situ selective aromatization in a specially designed reactor. The catalytic pyrolysis of WEPS was performed keeping the catalyst in three different types of catalyst arrangements inside the reactor i.e., A-type/catalyst in liquid phase, B-type/catalyst in vapour phase, and AB-type or Multiphase/catalyst in both liquid and vapour phases, respectively. The ZSM-5 ammonium powder was used as a catalyst with varying feed to catalyst ratio and 20:1 was found to be optimum. Aromatics of fuel range like benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene (BTE) were significantly increased and styrene got reduced by many folds when AB-type/multiphase catalytic pyrolysis was performed. The thermal pyrolysis produced maximum liquid yield of 94.37 wt% at a temperature of 650 °C and a heating rate of 15 °C/min. The maximum liquid yield of 88.05 wt%, 78.85 wt%, and 75.11 wt% were obtained for the A-type, B-type, and AB-type catalytic pyrolysis at the temperature of 600 °C, 550 °C and 550 °C, respectively using the same heating rate. The liquid oil of thermal pyrolysis contains very low amount of fuel range aromatics i.e., BTE of 11.38 wt% and the highest amount of styrene (84.74 wt%). In contrarily, BTE content for the catalytic process increased progressively in the order of 18.98 wt% (A-type) < 24.27 wt% (B-type) < 28.12 wt% (AB-type). The styrene content significantly decreased to a very low value of 46.30 wt% for AB-type/multiphase pyrolysis at the temperature of 550 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sweta Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Hiralal Pramanik
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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Fadhil AB, Saeed HN, Saeed LI. Polyethylene terephthalate waste‐derived activated carbon for adsorptive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene from model gasoline: Kinetics and isotherms evaluation. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman B. Fadhil
- Laboratory Researches of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Mosul University Mosul Iraq
| | - Hajir N. Saeed
- Laboratory Researches of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Mosul University Mosul Iraq
| | - Liqaa I. Saeed
- Chemistry Department, College of Education for Girls Mosul University Mosul Iraq
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16
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Colín-Luna J, Zamora-Rodea G, Medina-Mendoza A, Alvarado-Perea L, Angeles-Chávez C, Escobar J, Pacheco-Sosa J, García Martínez J. Zn supported on Zr modified mesoporous SBA-15 as sorbents of pollutant precursors contained in fossil fuels: Si/Zr ratio effect. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Ullah S, Hussain S, Ahmad W, Khan H, Khan KI, Khan SU, Khan S. Desulfurization of Model Oil through Adsorption over Activated Charcoal and Bentonite Clay Composites. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ullah
- GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyFaculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering 23460 Topi, KPK Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyFaculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering 23460 Topi, KPK Pakistan
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n° – Bairro UniversitárioFaculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Geografia 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS Brazil
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- University of PeshawarInstitute of Chemical Sciences Peshawar, KPK Pakistan
| | - Hammad Khan
- GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyFaculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering 23460 Topi, KPK Pakistan
| | - Khurram Imran Khan
- GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyFaculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering 23460 Topi, KPK Pakistan
| | - Saad Ullah Khan
- GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyFaculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering 23460 Topi, KPK Pakistan
| | - Sabir Khan
- Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESPInstituto de Química Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55 – Jardim Quitandinha 14800-900 Araraquara SP Brazil
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18
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Mahmoudian M, Abdali A, Eskandarabadi SM, Nozad E, Enayati M. The performance of an efficient polymer and Cloisite 30B derivatives in the adsorption desulfurization process. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel using activated sewage sludge: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics studies. APPLIED PETROCHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13203-019-00239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCombustion of fossil fuels gives rise to sulfur oxides, which are harmful to the environment. Adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) of diesel was conducted using sewage sludge activated with H2O2 as the oxidizing agent. A full 22 central composite response surface design was employed to determine optimum conditions for the production of activated sewage sludge (ASS). The adsorbent (ASS) was characterized using SEM, EDX and FTIR and the results of the analysis showed that it has the capacity to desulfurize diesel significantly. The ASS was subsequently used to conduct batch ADS of diesel with a view to investigate the kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the process. The optimum conditions established for the production of ASS using H2O2 as the oxidizing agent were: temperature 400 °C and holding time 60 min. The Elovich model gave the best fit to the kinetic data of the ADS of diesel using ASS, while the equilibrium study showed that the Freundlich isotherm fitted the data at 35 °C better than Temkin and Langmuir isotherms. The positive values of the free energy and enthalpy changes revealed that the process was non-spontaneous and endothermic, respectively, while the negative entropy change is evidence of decrease in randomness of the adsorbed species. 33% desulfurization was achieved in 100 min during ADS of diesel showing that the adsorbent developed by activating SS with H2O2 was very good and effective. Thus, ASS can be used to gain more insight into kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the ADS of middle-distillate petroleum fractions.
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20
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Nazal MK, Khaled M, Atieh MA, Aljundi IH, Oweimreen GA, Abulkibash AM. The nature and kinetics of the adsorption of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel on carbonaceous materials loaded with aluminum oxide particles. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Sadare OO, Daramola MO. Adsorptive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in model petroleum distillate using functionalized carbon nanotubes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32746-32758. [PMID: 31359313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Industrial hydrodesulfurization method has not been efficient for removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from petroleum distillates. Therefore, in this current study, adsorptive desulfurization (investigated in batch mode) was carried out using functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) to reduce the amount of DBT in a model diesel. Different techniques, such as, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), were used to check the morphological structure and the elemental compositions of the adsorbent; Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) was used to check the chemical functionalities of the adsorbent; and nitrogen physisorption at 77 K was used to check the surface area, pore size, and pore volume of the adsorbent. The results show that the FCNTs outperformed the non-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) during the desulfurization by about 10%, indicating the functionalization did improve the desulfurization performance of the CNTs. The % removal of DBT by the FCNTs and CNTs was 70.48 and 60.88%, respectively. It can be concluded that the acid treatment of CNTs enhanced its surface affinity for DBT, thus contributing to the improved adsorption performance of the adsorbent. The isotherm results show that Freundlich isotherm model described well the mechanism of the adsorption process for both CNTs and FCNTs. In addition, pseudo second-order kinetics describes the behavior of the adsorbents during the adsorption process. The results obtained in this study therefore show that functionalized CNTs could be efficient and potential adsorbent for removal of DBT in petroleum distillate (e.g., diesel), to meet up with the stringent policies regarding emission of sulfur oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olawumi Oluwafolakemi Sadare
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Michael Olawale Daramola
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
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22
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Daraee M, Saeedirad R, Rashidi A. Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide over a novel metal organic framework –metal oxide nanocomposite: TOUO-x (TiO2/UiO-66). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Sikarwar P, Gosu V, Subbaramaiah V. An overview of conventional and alternative technologies for the production of ultra-low-sulfur fuels. REV CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Environmental concerns have given a great deal of attention for the production of ultra-low-sulfur fuels. The conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process has high operating cost and also encounters difficulty in removing sulfur compound with steric hindrance. Consequently, various research efforts have been made to overcome the limitation of conventional HDS process and exploring the alternative technologies for deep desulfurization. The alternative processes being explored for the production of ultra-low-sulfur content fuel are adsorptive desulfurization (ADS), biodesulfurization (BDS), oxidative desulfurization (ODS), and extractive desulfurization (EDS). The present article provided the comprehensive information on the basic principle, reaction mechanism, workability, advantages, and disadvantages of conventional and alternative technologies. This review article aims to provide valuable insight into the recent advances made in conventional HDS process and alternative techniques. For deep desulfurization of liquid fuels, integration of conventional HDS with an alternative technique is also proposed.
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24
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Cai L, Guo J, Xu Y, Zhang H, Ji L, Song W. Facile Preparation of Charcoal Nanomaterial from Fishery Waste with Remarkable Adsorption Ability. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1318. [PMID: 31018517 PMCID: PMC6515418 DOI: 10.3390/ma12081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, modified activated fishbone charcoal (MAFC) was successfully prepared to remove emulsified oil from oily wastewater. Various characteristic techniques, including SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET, were employed to investigate the morphology, texture, and surface properties of as-prepared samples. BET results demonstrated that the specific surface area of fishbone charcoal increased from 69.8 m2/g to 206.0 m2/g after treatment with K2CO3 as an activating agent, while the total pore volume of MAFC increased from 0.003 cm3/g to 0.3 cm3/g, accompanied by the formation of abundant pore structures. It was observed that 90.1% of emulsified oil (100 mg/L) was successfully removed by MAFC under our experimental conditions. The results of a kinetic and isotherm model analysis indicated that the adsorption experimental data were not only consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm but were also well-described by the pseudo-second-order adsorption model. It is expected that this highly efficient and inexpensive MAFC can be a promising bio-adsorbent for removing organic pollutants from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Wang
- Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Yarui Zhou
- School of Naval Architecture and Mechanical-Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- College of Environmental and Science Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Food and Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Zhoushan National Oil Reserve Base Co., Ltd., Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Lili Ji
- Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Wendong Song
- College of Petrochemical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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25
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Mguni LL, Yao Y, Nkomzwayo T, Liu X, Hildebrandt D, Glasser D. Desulphurization of diesel fuels using intermediate Lewis acids loaded on activated charcoal and alumina. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1511983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liberty L. Mguni
- Material and Process Synthesis (MaPS), Florida campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Ascot, Zimbabwe
| | - Yali Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Ascot, Zimbabwe
| | - Thulisile Nkomzwayo
- Material and Process Synthesis (MaPS), Florida campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Xinying Liu
- Material and Process Synthesis (MaPS), Florida campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Diane Hildebrandt
- Material and Process Synthesis (MaPS), Florida campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David Glasser
- Material and Process Synthesis (MaPS), Florida campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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26
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Sadare OO, Daramola MO. Adsorptive removal of dibenzothiophene from petroleum distillates using pomegranate leaf (Punica granatum) powder as a greener adsorbent. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1488691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olawumi Oluwafolakemi Sadare
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Wits, South Africa
| | - Michael Olawale Daramola
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Wits, South Africa
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27
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Saha B, Singh A, Sengupta S. Study and optimization of adsorption of sulfur compounds present in fuel. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16367j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work investigates the performance of fly ash, coal dust, bentonite, laterite and sodium zeolite as adsorbents for desulfurization of synthetic fuel by batch adsorption experiments at 50 °C and under atmospheric pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anshu Singh
- Chemical Engineering Department IIT
- Kharagpur
- India
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