1
|
Grzywa R, Łupicka-Słowik A, Sieńczyk M. IgYs: on her majesty's secret service. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199427. [PMID: 37377972 PMCID: PMC10291628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing interest in using Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies as an alternative to "classical" antimicrobials. Unlike traditional antibiotics, they can be utilized on a continual basis without leading to the development of resistance. The veterinary IgY antibody market is growing because of the demand for minimal antibiotic use in animal production. IgY antibodies are not as strong as antibiotics for treating infections, but they work well as preventative agents and are natural, nontoxic, and easy to produce. They can be administered orally and are well tolerated, even by young animals. Unlike antibiotics, oral IgY supplements support the microbiome that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health, including immune system function. IgY formulations can be delivered as egg yolk powder and do not require extensive purification. Lipids in IgY supplements improve antibody stability in the digestive tract. Given this, using IgY antibodies as an alternative to antimicrobials has garnered interest. In this review, we will examine their antibacterial potential.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee L, Samardzic K, Wallach M, Frumkin LR, Mochly-Rosen D. Immunoglobulin Y for Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:696003. [PMID: 34177963 PMCID: PMC8220206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.696003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiviral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic drugs and vaccines are essential to maintaining the health of humans and animals. Yet, their production can be slow and expensive, and efficacy lost once pathogens mount resistance. Chicken immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is a highly conserved homolog of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) that has shown benefits and a favorable safety profile, primarily in animal models of human infectious diseases. IgY is fast-acting, easy to produce, and low cost. IgY antibodies can readily be generated in large quantities with minimal environmental harm or infrastructure investment by using egg-laying hens. We summarize a variety of IgY uses, focusing on their potential for the detection, prevention, and treatment of human and animal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Lee
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kate Samardzic
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael Wallach
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, He P, Yu L, He Q, Jia C, Yang H, Lu M, Wei X, Zhao S. Production and characteristics of a novel chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) against periodontitis-associated pathogens. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1831374. [PMID: 33144924 PMCID: PMC7580850 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1831374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a bacterial biofilm-induced oral disease, mostly caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Oral administration of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) is a promising nutritional strategy to control pathogen infections. The objective of this study was to produce an A. actinomycetemcomitans- and P. gingivalis-specific IgY and evaluate its effects on bacterial agglutination and biofilm formation. Thirty laying hens were immunized with a complex of lysate containing typical molecular weights of membrane proteins of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis. IgY was isolated by polyethylene glycol 6000 and ammonium sulfate and purified by dialysis. The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the obtained IgY were specific to both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis. In addition, immunoelectron microscopy scanning and crystal violet staining showed that the IgY could bind to cell wall of the pathogens and efficiently accelerate agglutination and inhibit biofilm formation. Furthermore, the activity of the IgY remained stable at different temperature, pH, and storage period. This is the first report that a novel two-in-one IgY was produced to modulate the agglutination and biofilm formation of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, suggesting the potential of IgY to control periodontitis caused by oral pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjin Yu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggang Jia
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical, Guilin Sanjin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Guilin City, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyi Yang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglei Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuting Wei
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqing Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qiao W, Wang F, Xu X, Wang S, Regenstein JM, Bao B, Ma M. Egg yolk immunoglobulin interactions with Porphyromonas gingivalis to impact periodontal inflammation and halitosis. AMB Express 2018; 8:176. [PMID: 30374625 PMCID: PMC6206315 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogenic Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that colonizes the subgingival region of gums. These bacteria can invade periodontal tissues, form plaques, and produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) that was specifically produced in egg yolks after chickens were challenged with P. gingivalis could control and prevent oral diseases caused by P. gingivalis. The releases of P. gingivalis offensive metabolic odors in vitro and in vivo were determined using a Halimeter and GCMS. With IgY bacterial growth was inhibited, and the relative amounts of VOC and VSC were decreased. The scores for the oral health index and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are also decreased. All treatment groups showed significant anti-inflammatory effects, which strongly suggests that specifically IgY against P. gingivalis may be an effective treatment for the prevention and protection of periodontal inflammation and halitosis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang F, Qiao W, Xu X, Wang S, Regenstein JM, Bao B, Ma M. Egg yolk immunoglobulins' impact on experimental periodontitis caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Technol Health Care 2018; 26:805-814. [PMID: 30282381 DOI: 10.3233/thc-181255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis that leads to a series of periodontal tissue injuries. Egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) is procuded in egg yolk and inhibits P. gingivalis. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the effect of IgY on experimental periodontitis caused by P. gingivalis. METHODS The second molars of rats were ligatured using medical 5-0 silk and smeared with P. gingivalis to induce experimental periodontitis. Then, the rats were smeared with 2 mL IgY solutions or 0.9% NaCl in the oral cavity for up to 4 wk. The scores for gingival index, plaque index and probe on bleeding, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, X-ray radiography and histology were used to determine the efficacy of the IgY on experimental periodontitis. RESULTS The clinical indices improved; the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly (p< 0.05) decreased; the X-rays and histomorphological observations suggested that the periodontal inflammation and periodontitis were alleviated compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS IgY showed significant effects on anti-inflammatory, anti-coaggregation activity, and protected against alveolar bone loss. Therefore, it had a beneficial effect on preventing experimental periodontitis caused by P. gingivalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Wu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaochen Xu
- Shanghai MAXAM Company Limited, Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853-7201, NY, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ming Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma L, Li F, Zhang X, Feng X. Biochemical characterization of a recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus strain expressing exogenous FomA protein. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 92:25-31. [PMID: 29747062 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In previous research, to combine the immunogenicity of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), we constructed a FomA-expressing L. acidophilus strain and assessed its immunogenicity. Our findings indicated that oral administration of the recombinant L. acidophilus strain reduced the risk of periodontal infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and F. nucleatum. However, because the exogenous FomA is an heterologous protein for the original bacterium, in this study, we assessed whether the biochemical characteristics of the recombinant L. acidophilus strain change due to the expression of the exogenous FomA protein. OBJECTIVES To test the biochemical characteristics of a recombinant L. acidophilus strain expressing exogenous FomA and assess its antibiotic sensitivity. DESIGNS We assessed the colony morphology, growth, acid production, and carbohydrate fermentation abilities of the recombinant L. acidophilus strain. In addition, we tested the adhesive ability and antimicrobial activity of the recombinant and assessed its antibiotic sensitivity through a drug susceptibility test. RESULTS The experimental results showed that the colony and microscopic morphology of the recombinant L. acidophilus strain was consistent with the original strain, and the recombinant strain grew well when cultured under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, exhibiting a growth rate that was identical to that of the standard strain. Similarly, the supernatants of the recombinant L. acidophilus can inhibit the growth of E. coli and P. gingivalis at different concentrations, and the recombinant strain displayed essentially the same drug sensitivity profile as the original L. acidophilus. However, to our surprise, the recombinant strains exhibited a greater adhesion ability than the reference strain. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that, in addition to an increased adhesion ability, the recombinant L. acidophilus strain maintained the basic characteristics of the standard strain ATCC 4356, including antibiotic sensitivity. Thus, the recombinant strains have great potential to be utilized as a safe and effective periodontitis vaccine in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shimizu Y, Iwasaki T, Tajima T, Yuba E, Kono K, Watarai S. Induction of antibody response in the oral cavity of dogs following intraocular (eye drop) immunization with Porphyromonas gingivalis cell lysate incorporated in pH-sensitive fusogenic polymer-modified liposomes. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 79:290-298. [PMID: 27916762 PMCID: PMC5326933 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of mucosal immune responses against Porphyromonas gingivalis within the oral cavity of dogs was studied by immunizing with pH-sensitive fusogenic polymer (MGluPG)-modified liposome-associated cell lysate. Dogs immunized with P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes by intraocular (eye drop) route displayed significant levels of P. gingivalis cell lysate-specific serum IgG and IgA as well as mucosal IgA antibodies in saliva secretion. Serum and salivary antibodies generated by intraocularly immunized with MGluPG-modified liposome-associated P. gingivalis cell lysate revealed a significant aggregation activity against P. gingivalis, whereas serum and saliva from dogs receiving MGluPG-modified liposomes unentrapping P. gingivalis cell lysate did not show the aggregation activity against P. gingivalis. Furthermore, P. gingivalis-specific antibodies in saliva of immunized dogs inhibited the adherence of P. gingivalis to cultured HeLa cells. More importantly, salivary antibodies induced by intraocular immunization with P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes significantly inhibited the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with Actinomyces naeslundii and the cell damage activity of P. gingivalis against FaDu cells, an oral epithelial cell. These results suggest that intraocularly administered P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes should be an effective mucosal vaccine against P. gingivalis infection in dogs and may be an important tool for the prevention of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Shimizu
- Division of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Müller S, Schubert A, Zajac J, Dyck T, Oelkrug C. IgY antibodies in human nutrition for disease prevention. Nutr J 2015; 14:109. [PMID: 26487372 PMCID: PMC4617726 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of preformed specific antibodies is an attractive approach against infections of the digestive system in humans and animals in times of increasing antibiotic resistances. Previous studies showed a positive effect of egg yolk IgY antibodies on bacterial intoxications in animals and humans. Immunization of chickens with specific antigens offers the possibility to create various forms of antibodies. Research shows that orally applied IgY’s isolated from egg yolks can passively cure or prevent diseases of the digestive system. The use of these alternative therapeutic drugs provides further advantages: (1) The production of IgY’s is a non-invasive alternative to current methods; (2) The keeping of chickens is inexpensive; (3) The animals are easy to handle; (4) It avoids repetitive bleeding of laboratory animals; (5) It is also very cost effective regarding the high IgY concentration within the egg yolk. Novel targets of these antigen specific antibodies are Helicobacter pylori and also molecules involved in signaling pathways in gastric cancer. Furthermore, also dental caries causing bacteria like Streptococcus mutans or opportunistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients are possible targets. Therefore, IgY’s included in food for human consumption may be able to prevent or cure human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Müller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Perlickstraße 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Schubert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Perlickstraße 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Zajac
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Perlickstraße 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Terry Dyck
- IgY Immune Technologies and Life Sciences Inc., Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Christopher Oelkrug
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Perlickstraße 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Project Centre for Biomedical Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Imamura K, Takayama S, Saito A, Inoue E, Nakayama Y, Ogata Y, Shirakawa S, Nagano T, Gomi K, Morozumi T, Akiishi K, Watanabe K, Yoshie H. Evaluation of a novel immunochromatographic device for rapid and accurate clinical detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 117:4-10. [PMID: 26159910 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An important goal for the improved diagnosis and management of infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis, is the development of rapid and accurate technologies for the decentralized detection of bacterial pathogens. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to evaluate the clinical use of a novel immunochromatographic device with monoclonal antibodies for the rapid point-of-care detection and semi-quantification of Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque. Sixty-three patients with chronic periodontitis and 28 periodontally healthy volunteers were subjected to clinical and microbiological examinations. Subgingival plaque samples were analyzed for the presence of P. gingivalis using a novel immunochromatography based device DK13-PG-001, designed to detect the 40k-outer membrane protein of P. gingivalis, and compared with a PCR-Invader method. In the periodontitis group, a significant strong positive correlation in detection results was found between the test device score and the PCR-Invader method (Spearman rank correlation, r=0.737, p<0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the test device were 96.2%, 91.8%, 90.4% and 96.7%, respectively. The detection threshold of the test device was determined to be approximately 10(4) (per two paper points). There were significant differences in the bacterial counts by the PCR-Invader method among groups with different ranges of device scores. With a cut-off value of ≥0.25 in device score, none of periodontally healthy volunteers were tested positive for the subgingival presence of P. gingivalis, whereas 76% (n=48) of periodontitis subjects were tested positive. There was a significant positive correlation between device scores for P. gingivalis and periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level (r=0.317 and 0.281, respectively, p<0.01). The results suggested that the DK13-PG-001 device kit can be effectively used for rapid, chair-side detection and semi-quantification of P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000011943.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Imamura
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - S Takayama
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - A Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
| | - E Inoue
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Y Nakayama
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Y Ogata
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - S Shirakawa
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - T Nagano
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - K Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - T Morozumi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - K Akiishi
- Reagent R&D Department, Denka Seiken Co., Ltd., 1359-1, Kagamida, Kigoshi, Gosen-shi, Niigata 959-1695, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Showa Yakuhin Kako Co., Ltd, 4-12-15-19F Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - H Yoshie
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Whereas active immunity refers to the process of exposing the individual to an antigen to generate an adaptive immune response, passive immunity refers to the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another. Passive immunity provides immediate but short-lived protection, lasting several weeks up to 3 or 4 months. Passive immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta or from breast milk to the gut of the infant. It can also be produced artificially, when antibody preparations derived from sera or secretions of immunized donors or, more recently, different antibody producing platforms are transferred via systemic or mucosal route to nonimmune individuals. Passive immunization has recently become an attractive approach because of the emergence of new and drug-resistant microorganisms, diseases that are unresponsive to drug therapy and individuals with an impaired immune system who are unable to respond to conventional vaccines. This chapter addresses the contributions of natural and artificial acquired passive immunity in understanding the concept of passive immunization. We will mainly focus on administration of antibodies for protection against various infectious agents entering through mucosal surfaces.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma L, Ding Q, Feng X, Li F. The protective effect of recombinant FomA-expressing Lactobacillus acidophilus against periodontal infection. Inflammation 2014; 36:1160-70. [PMID: 23644821 PMCID: PMC3781307 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that the outer membrane protein FomA found in Fusobacterium nucleatum demonstrates great potential as an immune target for combating periodontitis. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a useful antigen delivery vehicle for mucosal immunisation, and previous studies by our group have shown that L. acidophilus acts as a protective factor in periodontal health. In this study, making use of the immunogenicity of FomA and the probiotic properties of L. acidophilus, we constructed a recombinant form of L. acidophilus expressing the FomA protein and detected the FomA-specific IgG in the serum and sIgA in the saliva of mice through oral administration with the recombinant strains. When serum containing FomA-specific antibodies was incubated with the F. nucleatum in vitro, the number of Porphyromonas gingivalis cells that coaggregated with the F. nucleatum cells was significantly reduced. Furthermore, a mouse gum abscess model was successfully generated, and the range of gingival abscesses in the immune mice was relatively limited compared with the control group. The level of IL-1β in the serum and local gum tissues of the immune mice was consistently lower than in the control group. Our findings indicated that oral administration of the recombinant L. acidophilus reduced the risk of periodontal infection with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Qinfeng Ding
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cai Y, Kurita-Ochiai T, Kobayashi R, Hashizume T, Yamamoto M. Nasal immunization with the 40-kDa outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis plus cholera toxin induces protective immunity in aged mice. J Oral Sci 2013; 55:107-14. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.55.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu C, Hashizume T, Kurita-Ochiai T, Fujihashi K, Yamamoto M. Oral immunization with Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane protein and CpGoligodeoxynucleotides elicits T helper 1 and 2 cytokines for enhanced protective immunity. Mol Oral Microbiol 2010; 25:178-89. [PMID: 20502628 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2009.00560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an oral vaccine containing the 40-kDa outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis (40K OMP) and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG ODN) to control oral infection by P. gingivalis. [run on]40K-OMP40K-OMP40K-OMPOral immunization with 40K-OMP plus CpG ODN induced significant 40K-OMP-specific serum IgG, IgA and saliva IgA antibody responses. The 40K-OMP-specific CD4(+) T cells induced by oral 40K-OMP plus CpG ODN produced both Th1 (IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines. Furthermore, increased frequencies of CD11c(+)B220(+) DCs and CD11c(+)CD11b(+) DCs with up-regulated expression of CD80, CD86, CD40 and MHC II molecules were noted in spleen, Peyer's patches and cervical lymph nodes. Immunized mice were then infected orally with P. gingivalis to determine whether the immune responses induced by oral 40K-OMP plus CpG ODN were capable of suppressing bone resorption caused by P. gingivalis infection. Mice given 40K-OMP plus CpG ODN showed significantly reduced bone loss associated with oral infection by P. gingivalis.Thus, oral administration of 40K-OMP together with CpG ODN induces Th1- and Th2-type cells, which provide help for protective immunity against P. gingivalis infection. This may be an important tool for prevention of chronic periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nasal vaccination with the 40-kilodalton outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis and a nontoxic chimeric enterotoxin adjuvant induces long-term protective immunity with reduced levels of immunoglobulin E antibodies. Infect Immun 2008; 76:2777-84. [PMID: 18411288 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01502-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that the 40-kDa outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis (40-kDa OMP) nasally administered with a nontoxic chimeric adjuvant that combines the A subunit of mutant cholera toxin E112K with the pentameric B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (mCTA/LTB) elicited a long-term protective immune response. Immunization with the 40-kDa OMP and mCTA/LTB induced high levels of 40-kDa-OMP-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies (Abs) in sera and elicited a significant IgA anti-40-kDa OMP Ab response in saliva. These Ab responses were maintained for at least 1 year after the immunization. Although using adjuvant mCTA/LTB gave Ab responses in the saliva comparable to those obtained using native cholera toxin (nCT) as the adjuvant, the levels of total IgE and 40-kDa-OMP-specific IgE Abs as well as interleukin-4 levels induced by the immunization with mCTA/LTB were lower than those induced by the immunization with nCT. Importantly, IgG Abs generated by nasal immunization with the 40-kDa OMP plus mCTA/LTB inhibited the coaggregation and hemagglutinin activities of P. gingivalis. Furthermore, the mice given nasal 40-kDa OMP plus mCTA/LTB showed a significant reduction of alveolar bone loss caused by oral infection with P. gingivalis even 1 year after the immunization compared to the loss in unimmunized mice. Because mCTA/LTB is nontoxic, nasally administered 40-kDa OMP together with mCTA/LTB should be an effective and safe mucosal vaccine against P. gingivalis infection in humans and may be an important tool for the prevention of chronic periodontitis.
Collapse
|