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Bao M, Bu Q, Pan M, Xu R, Chen Y, Yang Y, Wang C, Wang T. Coptidis rhizoma extract alleviates oropharyngeal candidiasis by gC1qR-EGFR/ERK/c-fos axis-induced endocytosis of oral epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118305. [PMID: 38729536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coptidis rhizoma, first recorded in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic", is one of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to treat infectious diseases, with reputed effectiveness against oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). Studies have demonstrated the inhibitory properties of C. rhizoma (CRE) against Candida albicans, yet there is limited information available regarding its treatment mechanism for OPC. AIM OF THE STUDY Our previous research has suggested that CRE can prevent the formation of C. albicans hyphae and their invasion of the oral mucosa, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect on OPC. Nevertheless, the precise therapeutic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Previous studies have revealed that a receptor for globular heads of C1q (gC1qR), a crucial co-receptor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), facilitates the EGFR-mediated internalization of C. albicans. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of action of CRE and its primary component, berberine (BBR), in treating OPC by exploring their effects on the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor. MATERIALS AND METHODS To identify the chemical components of CRE, we utilized Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MSE), revealing the presence of at least 18 distinct components. To observe the therapeutic effects of CRE on OPC at the animal level, we employed hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, scanning electron microscopy, and fungal load detection. Subsequently, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of CRE and its main component, BBR, in treating OPC. This was achieved through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both at the animal and cellular levels. Additionally, we assessed the ability of C. albicans to disrupt the epithelial barrier of FaDu cells by studying the protective effects of BBR on the fusion barrier using the transwell assay. To further explore the underlying mechanisms, we analyzed the effects of BBR on the gC1qR-EGFR/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/c-Fos signaling pathway at the cellular level using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, we validated the effects of BBR on the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor through ELISA, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. Finally, to confirm the outcomes observed at the cellular level, we validated the impact of CRE on the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor in vivo using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. These comprehensive methods allowed us to gain a deeper understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of CRE and BBR in treating OPC. RESULTS Our findings indicate that CRE and its primary component, BBR, effectively alleviated the symptoms of OPC by modulating the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor. The chemical composition of CRE and BBR was accurately identified using UPLC-Q/TOF-MSE. The gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor plays a crucial role in regulating downstream signaling pathways, emerging as a potential therapeutic target for OPC treatment. Through both in vitro and in vivo experiments, we explored the therapeutic potential of CRE and BBR in OPC. Additionally, we employed overexpression and silencing techniques to confirm that BBR can indeed influence the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor and regulate the gC1qR-EGFR/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/c-Fos signaling pathway, leading to improved OPC outcomes. Furthermore, the significance of CRE's effect on the gC1qR-EGFR co-receptor was validated in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that CRE and its main component, BBR, can effectively alleviate OPC symptoms by targeting the gC1qR-EGFR heterodimer receptor. This discovery offers a promising new therapeutic approach for the treatment of OPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Qingru Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Min Pan
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Ran Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Changzhong Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Tianming Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Ono K, Ueno T, Kido MA, Hitomi S, Naniwa M, Nakatomi C, Yoshimoto RU, Sawada T, Kato T. Recent advances in the treatment of oral ulcerative mucositis from clinical and basic perspectives. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00138-5. [PMID: 38866365 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) is common in patients with cancer, particularly in those undergoing chemoradiation therapy. The effective management of OUM is crucial for continuous cancer care and patient well-being. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the causes, leading to clinical trials toward novel treatments. This review focuses on the contemporary therapeutic landscape, and provides the latest insights into the mechanisms of mucosal healing and pain. HIGHLIGHTS Management strategies for oral ulcerative mucositis in patients with cancer include maintaining good oral hygiene, reducing mucosal irritation against radiation, and using various topical analgesic treatments, including herbal medicines. However, the current management practices have limitations that necessitate the development of more efficacious and novel treatments. Molecular research on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the oral mucosa is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of wound healing and pain in patients with OUM. Targeting TRP subfamily V member 3 (V3) and TRPV4 can enhance wound healing through re-epithelialization. The suppression of TRPV1, TRPA1, and TRPV4 may be effective in alleviating OUM-induced pain. CONCLUSION Research advancements have improved our understanding and potentially led to novel treatments that offer symptomatic relief. This progress highlights the importance of collaborations between clinical researchers and scientists in the development of innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Takao Ueno
- Dentistry, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuho A Kido
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Naniwa
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nakatomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Reiko U Yoshimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sawada
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Nishimura M, Taniguchi S, Tamaoki S, Fujita T. Inhibition of compound action potentials in the frog sciatic nerve by inchinkoto, a traditional Japanese medicine used for oral mucositis. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:420-429. [PMID: 38490561 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effects of traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicines used to treat oral mucositis on nerve conduction. METHODS The effects of Kampo medicines, crude drugs, and chemical compounds on compound action potentials (CAPs) were analyzed using extracellular recordings in frog sciatic nerves. RESULTS Among the Kampo medicines, inchinkoto demonstrated the most significant reduction in CAP amplitude, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 5.4 mg/mL. Hangeshashinto, shosaikoto, hochuekkito, and juzentaihoto also showed a significant reduction. Regarding inchinkoto, Artemisiae Capillari Spica (artemisia) was the most effective crude drug, with an IC50 of 4.2 mg/mL for CAP amplitude reduction, whereas Gardeniae Fructus (gardenia) exerted no significant effect. However, the combined use of artemisia and gardenia reduced the CAP amplitude more effectively than artemisia alone, indicating a synergistic interaction. The chemical ingredient eugenol from artemisia administered at 1 and 3 mmol/L reduced CAP amplitude, whereas other chemical ingredients administered at 0.1 and 1 mmol/L had no significant effects. CONCLUSIONS Inchinkoto exhibited the most effective reduction in CAP amplitude in the sciatic nerve of frogs, primarily through the action of artemisia, with potential synergistic interaction between artemisia and gardenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Nishimura
- Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
| | - Suguru Taniguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
| | - Sachio Tamaoki
- Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
| | - Tsugumi Fujita
- Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
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Oh H, Makita Y, Masuno K, Imamura Y. Hangeshashinto Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns-Mediated IL-6 and IL-8 Production through Toll-Like Receptors in CAL27 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:9866670. [PMID: 38665937 PMCID: PMC11045287 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9866670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
While previous reports have established the anti-inflammatory effects of hangeshashinto, the intracellular signal transduction pathways involved have yet to be elucidated. We aim to employ an experimental system using oral cancer cells to assess the impact of hangeshashinto on intracellular signal transduction pathways in response to stimulation by Porphyromonas gingivalis pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP). Hangeshashinto demonstrated the ability to inhibit the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 induced by P. gingivalis PAMP. Furthermore, hangeshashinto suppressed the activation of the IL-6 promoter stimulated by PAMP. Hangeshashinto, like Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling inhibitors (resatorvid and C29) and an immunosuppressant (dexamethasone), exhibited the ability to suppress TLR-mediated activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in response to PAMP stimulation. This study suggests that the anti-inflammatory effects of hangeshashinto may be attributed to the inhibition of TLR signal transduction pathways including NF-κB activation, thereby suppressing NF-κB-dependent gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hourei Oh
- Center of Innovation in Dental Education, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Makita
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Kazuya Masuno
- Center of Innovation in Dental Education, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
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Iida M, Hitomi S, Hayashi Y, Shibuta I, Tsuboi Y, Ueda K, Iwata K, Shinoda M. Analgesic effect of linalool odor on oral ulcerative mucositis-induced pain in rats. Brain Res Bull 2024; 206:110844. [PMID: 38096923 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) induces severe pain, leading to a low quality of life. Linalool odor exposure has recently been reported to suppress inflammatory pain in the hind paws. However, the analgesic effect of linalool odor on orofacial pain remains unclear. In this study, we examined the mechanism underlying the analgesic effect of linalool odor on oral pain caused by OUM using nocifensive behavioral and immunohistochemical analyses in rats. OUM was developed by treating the labial fornix region of the inferior incisors with acetic acid. Linalool at 1% was exposed for 5 min at 30 min before nocifensive behavioral measurements. OUM induced spontaneous pain and mechanical allodynia, which were suppressed by the linalool odor. Mechanical allodynia in the hind paw following the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant was also suppressed by linalool odor. Application of lidocaine to the olfactory bulb attenuated the inhibition of spontaneous pain and hyperactivation of trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis neurons in OUM model rats. Linalool odor exposure-induced neuronal activation in the locus coeruleus (LC) of OUM model rats was decreased by lidocaine application to the olfactory bulb. The decrease in neuronal activation in the LC was attenuated by the administration of orexin 1 receptor (OX-1) antagonist to the LC. These results suggest that linalool odor stimulation through the olfactory pathway activates LC neurons via OX-1 signaling, leading to the suppression of OUM-induced oral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Iida
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibuta
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsuboi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ueda
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Choi NR, Kwon MJ, Choi WG, Kim SC, Park JW, Nam JH, Kim BJ. The traditional herbal medicines mixture, Banhasasim-tang, relieves the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome via modulation of TRPA1, NaV1.5 and NaV1.7 channels. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116499. [PMID: 37059250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, remains unclear. Banhasasim-tang (BHSST), a traditional herbal medicines mixture, mainly used to treat GI-related diseases, may have a potential in IBS treatment. IBS is characterized by abdominal pain as the main clinical symptom, which seriously affects the quality of life. AIM OF THE STUDY We conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of BHSST and its mechanisms of action in treating IBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the efficacy of BHSST in a zymosan-induced diarrhea-predominant animal model of IBS. Electrophysiological methods were used to confirm modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) and voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) ion channels, which are associated mechanisms of action. RESULTS Oral administration of BHSST decreased colon length, increased stool scores, and increased colon weight. Weight loss was also minimized without affecting food intake. In mice administered with BHSST, the mucosal thickness was suppressed, making it similar to that of normal mice, and the degree of tumor necrosis factor-α was severely reduced. These effects were similar to those of the anti-inflammatory drug-sulfasalazine-and antidepressant-amitriptyline. Moreover, pain-related behaviors were substantially reduced. Additionally, BHSST inhibited TRPA1, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7 ion channels associated with IBS-mediated visceral hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the findings suggest that BHSST has potential beneficial effects on IBS and diarrhea through the modulation of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ri Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kwon
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Gyun Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Park
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyungju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Ogihara T, Kagawa M, Yamanaka R, Imai S, Itohara K, Hira D, Nakagawa S, Yonezawa A, Ito M, Nakagawa T, Terada T, Matsubara K. Preparation and pharmaceutical properties of Hangeshashinto oral ointment and its safety and efficacy in Syrian hamsters with 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis. J Nat Med 2023; 77:53-63. [PMID: 36002763 PMCID: PMC11004029 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (COM) is a common adverse effect of cancer chemotherapy. Several clinical studies reported that repetitive use of mouthwashes containing 2.5-6.25% Hangeshashinto (HST), a Kampo formula, relieves COM, but the effect is insufficient. To solve this problem, we produced an oral ointment of 12% HST extract (considered quantitatively equivalent to 20% commercially available HST), which will increase the local concentrations of its active ingredients and prolong the contact time with COM. In this study, we evaluated the pharmaceutical properties (spreadability and stability) of HST oral ointment. In addition, its safety (oral mucosal irritation) and therapeutic effects on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis were evaluated in male Syrian hamsters. The HST ointment showed good spreadability and stability for more than 8 weeks at 4 °C. In the oral mucosal irritation test, topical application of HST ointment (0.2 g) three times per day for 14 days had no adverse effect on the oral mucosa of hamsters. In hamsters treated with 5-fluorouracil (60 mg/kg) twice, COM was induced by a submucosal injection of 5% acetic acid into the cheek pouch. When HST ointment (50 µg) was topically applied to the mucositis area once per day for 12 days, the area and macroscopic score of mucositis were significantly decreased, and the depth of the wound tended to be reduced compared with the lactose ointment-treated control animals. These findings suggest that HST oral ointment shows good properties in spreadability, stability, and safety, and elicits a therapeutic effect in an animal model of COM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ogihara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Kagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rintarou Yamanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Itohara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daiki Hira
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Michiho Ito
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, Ministry of Health, National Institute of Health Sciences, Labour and Welfare, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Terada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
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Effect of cisplatin on oral ulcer-induced nociception in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 144:105572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Freitas MO, Fonseca APR, de Aguiar MT, Dias CC, Avelar RL, Sousa FB, Alves APNN, de Barros Silva PG. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) blockage reduces acute inflammation and delayed wound healing in oral ulcer of rats. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1781-1798. [PMID: 35948810 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral traumatic ulcers (OTU) are common in dental routine, and the control of proinflammatory cytokines, such as the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), may interfere with OTU repair. Our aim was to evaluate the role of TNF-α in the healing process of OTU in rats. Wistar male rats were divided into six groups: a control-group (treated with 0.1 mL/kg of saline) and five groups treated with anti-TNF-α infliximab (INF) at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mg/kg immediately before OTU production. The animals were weighed (day 0) and euthanized on days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 after ulceration. The ulcers were clinically measured, and the mucosa samples were histologically (scores 0-4), histochemically (collagen assay (pircrosirius)), histomorphometrically (cell counting), and immunohistochemically (TNF-α, α-smooth-muscle-actin (α-SMA), monocyte-chemoattractive-protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and fibroblast-growth-factor (FGF)) analyzed. The Evans blue assay was used to measure the vascular permeability. ANOVA-1-2-way/Bonferroni, Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn, and correlation analyses were performed (GraphPad Prism 5.0, p < 0.05). High doses of INF reduced the OTU area (p = 0.043), body mass loss (p = 0.023), vascular permeability (p < 0.001), and reduced delayed histologic scores (p < 0.05), polymorphonuclear (p < 0.001) and mononuclear (p < 0.001) cells, blood vessel counting (p = 0.006), and total (p < 0.001), type-I (p = 0.018), and type-III (p < 0.001) collagen. INF treatment reduced TNF-α immunostaining and delayed MPC-1, FGF, and α-SMA expression, with little/none influence in IL-8 immunostaining. TNF-α blockage by INF reduced acute inflammation in OTU but delayed cell migration and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Oliveira Freitas
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus, Rua João Adolfo Gurgel, 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60192-345, Brazil.,Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Thaynara de Aguiar
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus, Rua João Adolfo Gurgel, 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60192-345, Brazil
| | - Camila Costa Dias
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus, Rua João Adolfo Gurgel, 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60192-345, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linard Avelar
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Bitu Sousa
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus, Rua João Adolfo Gurgel, 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60192-345, Brazil.,Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus, Rua João Adolfo Gurgel, 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60192-345, Brazil. .,Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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10
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El-Zahar H, Menze ET, Handoussa H, Osman AK, El-Shazly M, Mostafa NM, Swilam N. UPLC-PDA-MS/MS Profiling and Healing Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Alhagi maurorum against Oral Ulcer in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030455. [PMID: 35161436 PMCID: PMC8838639 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Camelthorn, Alhagi maurorum Boiss, family Fabaceae has long been used in African folk medicine owing to its richness in pharmacologically active metabolites. The crude extract (CEAM), ethyl acetate fraction (EFAM) and n-butanol (BFAM) fraction of A. maurorum aerial parts were investigated for their total polyphenols and oral antiulcer activity using in-vitro and in-vivo models. The major phenolic compound was isolated from the polyphenol-rich EFAM fraction and identified by conventional and spectroscopic methods of analysis as isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside. Furthermore, standardization of EAFM using UPLC-PDA-UV quantified isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside as 262.91 0.57 g/mg of the fraction. Analysis of EFAM using UPLC-PDA-MS/MS revealed tentative identification of 25 polyphenolic compounds. EFAM exhibited the most potent free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, with an IC50 (27.73 ± 1.85 µg/mL) and an FRAP value of (176.60 ± 5.21 μM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg fraction) in comparison with CEAM and BFAM. Acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in a rat model were used to evaluate the healing properties of A. maurorum aerial parts. EFAM significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by 36.4% and 50.8%, respectively, in the ulcer tissues while, CEAM and BFAM exhibited lower activity at the same dose. In addition, EFAM led to a significant (p < 0.0001) rise in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a cell proliferation marker. A. maurorum exhibited a potent healing effect in acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in rats by mitigating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving PCNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala El-Zahar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt;
| | - Esther T. Menze
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed K. Osman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
| | - Noha Swilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.E.-S.); (N.M.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +20-10-01401091 (M.E.-S.); +20-10-25666872 (N.M.M.); +20-02-26890000 (ext. 1830) (N.S.)
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11
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Miyano K, Hasegawa S, Asai N, Uzu M, Yatsuoka W, Ueno T, Nonaka M, Fujii H, Uezono Y. The Japanese Herbal Medicine Hangeshashinto Induces Oral Keratinocyte Migration by Mediating the Expression of CXCL12 Through the Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:695039. [PMID: 35145397 PMCID: PMC8822321 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several clinical studies have reported that Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto (HST) has beneficial effects on chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM). Our previous research demonstrated that HST improves chemotherapy-induced OUM through human oral keratinocyte (HOK) migration, which was suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) inhibitors. However, the association between these molecules and HOK migration was unclear. Here, we examined the effects of HST on the expression of CXCR4/CXCR7 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands 11 and 12 (CXCL11/CXCL12) in HOKs. Our results indicated that HST upregulated CXCL12, but not CXCR4, CXCR7, nor CXCL11 in HOKs. HST-induced expression of CXCL12 was significantly suppressed by an inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but not of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, HST induced phosphorylation of ERK in HOKs. These findings suggest that HST enhances HOK migration by upregulating CXCL12 via ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriho Asai
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Vitrigel Project Research Team, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wakako Yatsuoka
- Dental Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Japan
| | - Takao Ueno
- Dental Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Supportive and Palliative Care Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yasuhito Uezono,
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12
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Nakatomi C, Hitomi S, Yamaguchi K, Hsu CC, Seta Y, Harano N, Iwata K, Ono K. Cisplatin induces TRPA1-mediated mechanical allodynia in the oral mucosa. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105317. [PMID: 34823152 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cisplatin, a platinum-based anticancer drug, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many cell types and induces mechanical allodynia in the hands and/or feet (chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy: CIPN). In this study, we examined the possibility of inducing neuropathy in the oral region using oral keratinocytes and rats. METHODS Human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were used to evaluate ROS generation after cisplatin application by a ROS-reactive fluorescent assay. In rats, after cisplatin administrations (two times), the trigeminal ganglion (TG) was investigated by electron microscopy and quantitative RT-PCR. Using our proprietary assay system, oral pain-related behaviors were observed in cisplatin-treated rats. RESULTS In rats, cisplatin administration reduced food intake and body weight. In electron microscopic analysis, glycogen granules in the TG were depleted following administration, although organelles were intact. In HOK cells, cisplatin significantly increased ROS generation with cell death, similar to glycolysis inhibitors. Cisplatin administration did not show any effects on Trpa1 mRNA levels in the TG. However, the same procedure induced hypersensitivity to mechanical stimulation and the TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate in the oral mucosa. Mechanical hypersensitivity was inhibited by the antioxidative drug α-lipoic acid and the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031, similar to that of the hind paw. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that cisplatin induces TRPA1-mediated CIPN due to ROS generation in the oral region. This study will provide a better understanding of persistent oral pain in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Nakatomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Chia-Chien Hsu
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nozomu Harano
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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13
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Isoliquiritigenin, an active ingredient of Glycyrrhiza, elicits antinociceptive effects via inhibition of Nav channels. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:967-980. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Tochigi K, Omura K, Miyashita K, Aoki S, Otori N, Tanaka Y. Effects of Hangeshashinto on the nasal physiological function: An in vitro study. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 48:235-240. [PMID: 32859442 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hangeshashinto is a Japanese Kampo medicine applied for the treatment of oral mucositis and gastroenteritis. Hangeshashinto exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and suppresses prostaglandin (PG)E2 production in the mucosa and has the ability to improve the inflammatory condition. In addition to these effects, because cAMP, a composition of Hangeshashinto, facilitates ciliary beat, Hangeshashinto could also improve the physiological function of the nasal mucosa, consist of ciliated epithelium, but details were unknown. METHODS This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Hangeshashinto on the nasal mucosa. Healthy nasal mucosal sections were collected from the nasal septum of ten Japanese white rabbits, placed in a collagen dish for tissue culture, and rinsed with two different concentrations of Hangeshashinto solution (1.0%, n = 10 and 2.5%, n = 10) and cAMP solution (50µM, n=10 and 100 µM, n=10) or saline (control, n = 10). Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) as a physiological function of the nasal mucosa was recorded at 1, 3 and 7 days after rinsing, and histological evaluation of epithelial damage was performed at 7 days after rinsing. RESULTS CBF in the 1.0% but not in the 2.5% Hangeshashinto group, increased at 3 and 7 days compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). This trend was also observed in the CBF in the 100 µM cAMP group, significant difference was not observed between the CBF of the 1.0% Hangeshashinto group and the 100 µM cAMP group at 1, 3 and 7 days after rinsing (p > 0.05). Histological score only in the 2.5% Hangeshashinto group was lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05), while a significant decline was not observed in the other groups compared to that in the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 1.0% Hangeshashinto solution facilitates the physiological function of the nasal mucosa by promoting ciliary functions without histological damage of cilia epithelium. When applied with the appropriate concentration, Hangeshashinto could have ability to improve the physiological functions of the nasal mucosal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tochigi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Miyashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Otori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
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15
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Ohshima H, Amizuka N. Oral biosciences: The annual review 2019. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:1-8. [PMID: 32109566 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Journal of Oral Biosciences is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning every aspect of oral biosciences. HIGHLIGHT This review features review articles in the fields of "Bone Cell Biology," "Microbiology," "Oral Heath," "Biocompatible Materials," "Mouth Neoplasm," and "Biological Evolution" in addition to the review articles by winners of the Lion Dental Research Award ("Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors for modulation of microcircuits in the agranular insular cortex" and "Phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein: A novel signaling molecule for modulating fat metabolism and energy expenditure") and the Rising Members Award ("Pain mechanism of oral ulcerative mucositis and the therapeutic traditional herbal medicine hangeshashinto," "Mechanisms underlying the induction of regulatory T cells by sublingual immunotherapy," and "Regulation of osteoclast function via Rho-Pkn3-c-Src pathways"), presented by the Japanese Association for Oral Biology. CONCLUSION These reviews in the Journal of Oral Biosciences have inspired the readers of the journal to broaden their knowledge regarding various aspects of oral biosciences. The current editorial review introduces these exciting review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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16
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Miyano K, Ohshima K, Suzuki N, Furuya S, Yoshida Y, Nonaka M, Higami Y, Yoshizawa K, Fujii H, Uezono Y. Japanese Herbal Medicine Ninjinyoeito Mediates Its Orexigenic Properties Partially by Activating Orexin 1 Receptors. Front Nutr 2020; 7:5. [PMID: 32175325 PMCID: PMC7056666 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is highly prevalent in patients with progressive cancer and is characterized by decreased food consumption, and body weight. Japanese herbal medicine Ninjinyoeito (NYT), composed of 12 herbal crude drugs, is prescribed in Asian countries to improve several symptoms such as anorexia and fatigue, which are commonly observed in patients with cancer cachexia. However, the action mechanisms of NYT in improving anorexia or fatigue in patients with cancer are not clear. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effects of NYT on the activities of several G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which activate hyperphagia signaling in the central nervous system, using an in vitro assay with the CellKey™ system, which detects the activation of GPCRs as a change in intracellular impedance (ΔZ). NYT increased the ΔZ of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and those expressing neuropeptide Y1 receptor (NPY1R) in a dose-dependent manner. On the contrary, NYT did not significantly increase the ΔZ of HEK293A cells expressing growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and those expressing NPY5R. The selective OX1R antagonist SB674042 significantly decreased the NYT-induced increase in ΔZ in OX1R-expressing cells. Contrarily, the selective NPY1R antagonist BIBO3340 failed to inhibit the NPY-induced increase in ΔZ in NPY1R-expressing cells. Additionally, we prepared modified NYT excluding each one of the 12 herbal crude drugs in NYT and investigated the effects on the activity of OX1R. Among the 12 modified NYT formulations, the one without citrus unshiu peel failed to activate OX1R. A screening of each of the 12 herbal crude drugs showed that citrus unshiu peel significantly activated OX1R, which was significantly suppressed by SB674042. These finding suggest that NYT and citrus unshiu peel could increase food intake via activation of orexigenic OX1R-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus. This study provides scientific evidence to support the potential of NYT for cancer patients with anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ohshima
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nozomi Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saho Furuya
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshida
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Supportive Care Research, National Cancer Center Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial Care, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Ozawa N, Onda T, Hayashi K, Honda H, Shibahara T. Effects of Topical Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) on Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1069-1078. [PMID: 32104087 PMCID: PMC7024791 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hangeshashinto (TJ-14), a Kampo medicine comprising seven types of herbs, has been used in Japan to alleviate the side effects associated with anticancer drug treatments. However, the pharmacological effects of this medicine currently remain unclear. The present study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of TJ-14 against anticancer drug-induced stomatitis, the pain associated with which may have a negative impact on mastication and swallowing. Methods Mucositis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by cancer chemotherapy. Changes in body weight, stomatitis grades, histopathological scores, and oral bacterial counts were examined among TJ-14-treated, saline-treated, and Control (no treatment) rats. In vitro studies, including cell proliferation and wound healing assays, using epidermal keratinocyte and fibroblast cell lines were conducted. Results The local application of TJ-14 exerted strong antibacterial effects and attenuated oral chemotherapy-induced stomatitis in rats. TJ-14 also increased the viability and invasion of epidermal keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Conclusion The present results demonstrated the potential of TJ-14 to attenuate chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuo Ozawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Kamichika Hayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Hirona Honda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shibahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan.,Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
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18
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Miyano K, Eto M, Hitomi S, Matsumoto T, Hasegawa S, Hirano A, Nagabuchi K, Asai N, Uzu M, Nonaka M, Omiya Y, Kaneko A, Ono K, Fujii H, Higami Y, Kono T, Uezono Y. The Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto enhances oral keratinocyte migration to facilitate healing of chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:625. [PMID: 31953420 PMCID: PMC6969174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy often induces oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) in patients with cancer, characterized by severe painful inflammation. Mouth-washing with the Japanese herbal medicine hangeshashinto (HST) ameliorates chemotherapy-induced OUM in patients with colorectal cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that HST decreased interleukin 1β-induced prostaglandin E2 production in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and OUM-induced mechanical or spontaneous pain in rats. However, HST effects on tissue repair functions in HOKs remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of HST on scratch-induced wound healing in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, HST enhanced wound healing mainly through scratch-induced HOK migration. Screening of the seven constituent medicinal herbs and their major components revealed that Scutellaria root, processed ginger, and Glycyrrhiza components mainly induced the scratch-induced HOK migration. Pharmacokinetic analyses indicated that the active ingredient concentrations in rat plasma following oral HST administration were below the effective doses for HOK migration, suggesting direct effects of HST in OUM. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 inhibitors significantly suppressed HST-induced HOK migration. Moreover, HST enhanced tissue repair in our OUM rat model. Thus, HST likely enhanced OUM tissue repair through oral keratinocyte migration upon MAPK and CXCR4 activation and may be useful in patients with cancer-associated OUM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Moeko Eto
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Seiya Hasegawa
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Ayane Hirano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kaori Nagabuchi
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Noriho Asai
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuji Omiya
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneko
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Kono
- Center for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
- Division of Supportive Care Research, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
- Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial Care, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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19
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Hitomi S, Ujihara I, Sago-Ito M, Nodai T, Shikayama T, Inenaga K, Ono K. Hyposalivation due to chemotherapy exacerbates oral ulcerative mucositis and delays its healing. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 105:20-26. [PMID: 31238198 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer therapy including chemotherapy causes gland atrophy, resulting in low salivary secretion in cancer patients. Since saliva plays an important role in oral health, the dysfunction may exacerbate oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM), which is another side effect. Here, we investigated the effect of hyposalivation on OUM using sialoadenectomized rats and examined the effects of anticancer drugs on the salivary glands. DESIGN As models for hyposalivation, the bilateral submandibular and sublingual glands except (2EXT) or together with (3EXT) the parotid glands were extracted. At 16 days after the procedure, OUM was experimentally developed by topical acetic acid treatment on the labial fornix region of the inferior incisors, and the severity and bacterial loading level were evaluated. The salivary gland weights and histology were analyzed after administration of the representative anticancer drugs 5-fluorouracil or cisplatin. RESULTS The severity of OUM was greater in both the 3EXT and 2EXT rats and delayed the healing process compared with that in sham rats without salivary gland extraction. The healing process in the 3EXT rats was longer than that in the 2EXT rats. The number of colony-forming units in the ulcerative region from the 3EXT rats was 10-fold greater than that in the sham rats. Both 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin reduced glands weights and damaged the salivary glands. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that chemotherapy-induced hyposalivation exacerbates OUM and delays healing, most likely due to loss of salivary clearance and antimicrobial functions. This study illustrates the significance of oral health care for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Izumi Ujihara
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Misa Sago-Ito
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Nodai
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takemi Shikayama
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Inenaga
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
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Hitomi S, Ujihara I, Ono K. Pain mechanism of oral ulcerative mucositis and the therapeutic traditional herbal medicine hangeshashinto. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:12-15. [PMID: 30929796 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ulcerative mucositis causes severe pain during eating and speaking, resulting in poor quality of life for patients with cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Recently, some basic and clinical studies demonstrated that hangeshashinto, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, alleviated oral ulcerative mucositis-induced pain. Here, we review a recently revealed pain mechanism underlying oral ulcerative mucositis in a preclinical rat model and the pharmacological analgesic effect of hangeshashinto. HIGHLIGHT In a rat model of experimentally induced oral ulcerative mucositis, the mucosal surface of the ulcerative region is damaged, which increases oral bacterial loading in the mucosa and prostanoid production. Chemotherapeutic drugs exaggerate the pathological condition and cause severe pain. The pain-related TRP channels, TRPV1, TRPA1, and/or TRPV4, mediate spontaneous and mechanical pain in oral ulcerative mucositis models. Swab application of hangeshashinto had a prolonged localized analgesic effect on oral ulcerative mucositis, even in a chemotherapy-treated oral ulcer model. Two ingredients of hangeshashinto, gingerol and shogaol, strongly inhibit voltage-activated sodium channels (though they have agonistic effects on TRPV1 and TRPA1), which confers hyposensitivity to the oral mucosa. Their analgesic effects on oral ulcerative mucositis are accompanied by accelerated delivery of drugs (other saponin-containing herbal extracts) into the ulcerative region. CONCLUSION Elucidation of the pain mechanism of oral ulcerative mucositis and analgesic mechanism of hangeshashinto will allow identification of novel therapeutic approaches against oral ulcerative mucositis-induced pain in patients. The traditional Japanese herbal medicine hangeshashinto is a reliable drug with supporting scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Izumi Ujihara
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
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Sunagawa M, Yamaguchi K, Tsukada M, Ebihara N, Ikemoto H, Hisamitsu T. Kampo (Traditional Japanese Herbal) Formulae for Treatment of Stomatitis and Oral Mucositis. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5040130. [PMID: 30544681 PMCID: PMC6313652 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stomatitis is occasionally multiple, recurrent, and refractory. Currently, mucositis induced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with cancer has become a significant clinical problem. Effective treatments have not been established and the treatment of numerous cases remains a challenge for physicians. Traditional Japanese herbal medicines termed Kampo formulae (i.e., Hangeshashinto, Orengedokuto, Inchinkoto, Orento, Byakkokaninjinto, Juzentaihoto, Hochuekkito, and Shosaikoto) are used for treating various types of stomatitis and mucositis. Its use has been based on the Kampo medical theories—empirical rules established over thousands of years. However, recently, clinical and basic research studies investigating these formulae have been conducted to obtain scientific evidence. Clinical studies investigating efficacies of Shosaikoto and Orento for the treatment of cryptogenic stomatitis and acute aphthous stomatitis and those investigating the effects of Hangeshashinto, Orengedokuto, and Juzentaihoto on chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced mucositis have been conducted. The Kampo formulae comprise several crude drugs, whose mechanisms of action are gradually being clarified. Most of these drugs that are used for the treatment of stomatitis possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidative properties. In this review, we introduce the clinical applications and summarize the available evidence on the Kampo formulae for the treatment of stomatitis and oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Kojiro Yamaguchi
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Mana Tsukada
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Nachi Ebihara
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Hideshi Ikemoto
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of physiology, School of medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
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Ito M, Ono K, Hitomi S, Nodai T, Sago T, Yamaguchi K, Harano N, Gunnjigake K, Hosokawa R, Kawamoto T, Inenaga K. Prostanoid-dependent spontaneous pain and PAR 2-dependent mechanical allodynia following oral mucosal trauma: involvement of TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPV4. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917704138. [PMID: 28381109 PMCID: PMC5407658 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917704138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract During dental treatments, intraoral appliances frequently induce traumatic ulcers in the oral mucosa. Such mucosal injury-induced mucositis leads to severe pain, resulting in poor quality of life and decreased cooperation in the therapy. To elucidate mucosal pain mechanisms, we developed a new rat model of intraoral wire-induced mucositis and investigated pain mechanisms using our proprietary assay system for conscious rats. A thick metal wire was installed in the rats between the inferior incisors for one day. In the mucosa of the mandibular labial fornix region, which was touched with a free end of the wire, traumatic ulcer and submucosal abscess were induced on day 1. The ulcer was quickly cured until next day and abscess formation was gradually disappeared until five days. Spontaneous nociceptive behavior was induced on day 1 only, and mechanical allodynia persisted over day 3. Antibiotic pretreatment did not affect pain induction. Spontaneous nociceptive behavior was sensitive to indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor), ONO-8711 (prostanoid receptor EP1 antagonist), SB-366791, and HC-030031 (TRPV1 and TRPA1 antagonists, respectively). Prostaglandin E2 and 15-deoxyΔ12,14-prostaglandin J2 were upregulated only on day 1. In contrast, mechanical allodynia was sensitive to FSLLRY-NH2 (protease-activated receptor PAR2 antagonist) and RN-1734 (TRPV4 antagonist). Neutrophil elastase, which is known as a biased agonist for PAR2, was upregulated on days 1 to 2. These results suggest that prostanoids and PAR2 activation elicit TRPV1- and TRPA1-mediated spontaneous pain and TRPV4-mediated mechanical allodynia, respectively, independently of bacterial infection, following oral mucosal trauma. The pathophysiological pain mechanism suggests effective analgesic approaches for dental patients suffering from mucosal trauma-induced pain.
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Nodai T, Hitomi S, Ono K, Masaki C, Harano N, Morii A, Sago-Ito M, Ujihara I, Hibino T, Terawaki K, Omiya Y, Hosokawa R, Inenaga K. Endothelin-1 Elicits TRP-Mediated Pain in an Acid-Induced Oral Ulcer Model. J Dent Res 2018. [PMID: 29518348 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518762381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral ulcer is the most common oral disease and leads to pain during meals and speaking, reducing the quality of life of patients. Recent evidence using animal models suggests that oral ulcers induce cyclooxygenase-dependent spontaneous pain and cyclooxygenase-independent mechanical allodynia. Endothelin-1 is upregulated in oral mucosal inflammation, although it has not been shown to induce pain in oral ulcers. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of endothelin-1 signaling with oral ulcer-induced pain using our proprietary assay system in conscious rats. Endothelin-1 was significantly upregulated in oral ulcers experimentally induced by topical acetic acid treatment, while endothelin-1 production was suppressed by antibacterial pretreatment. Spontaneous nociceptive behavior in oral ulcer model rats was inhibited by swab applications of BQ-788 (ETB receptor antagonist), ONO-8711 (prostanoid receptor EP1 antagonist), and HC-030031 (TRPA1 antagonist). Prostaglandin E2 production in the ulcers was suppressed by BQ-788. Mechanical allodynia in the model was inhibited not only by BQ-788 and HC-030031 but also by BQ-123 (ETA receptor antagonist), SB-366791 (TRPV1 antagonist), and RN-1734 (TRPV4 antagonist). In naive rats, submucosal injection of endothelin-1 caused mechanical allodynia that was sensitive to HC-030031 and SB-366791 but not to RN-1734. These results suggest that endothelin-1 production following oral bacterial invasion via ulcerative regions elicits TRPA1-mediated spontaneous pain. This pain likely occurs through an indirect route that involves ETB receptor-accelerated prostanoid production. Endothelin-1 elicits directly TRPA1- and TRPV1-mediated mechanical allodynia via both ETA and ETB receptors on nociceptive fibers. The TRPV4-mediated allodynia component seems to be independent of endothelin signaling. These findings highlight the potential of endothelin signaling blockers as effective analgesic approaches for oral ulcer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nodai
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan.,2 Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Hitomi
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Ono
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - C Masaki
- 2 Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Harano
- 3 Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Morii
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan.,4 Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Sago-Ito
- 4 Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - I Ujihara
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Hibino
- 5 Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Terawaki
- 5 Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Omiya
- 5 Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Hosokawa
- 2 Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Inenaga
- 1 Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Reda RI, Wen MM, El-Kamel AH. Ketoprofen-loaded Eudragit electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of oral mucositis. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2335-2351. [PMID: 28392691 PMCID: PMC5376182 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s131253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to formulate ketoprofen (KET)-loaded Eudragit L and Eudragit S nanofibers (NFs) by the electrospinning technique for buccal administration to treat oral mucositis as a safe alternative to orally administered KET, which causes gastrointestinal tract (GIT) side effects. Materials and methods NFs were prepared by electrospinning using Eudragit L and Eudragit S. Several variables were evaluated to optimize NF formulation, such as polymer types and concentrations, applied voltage, flow rate and drug concentrations. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyses of drug contents, hydration capacity, surface pH, drug release and ex vivo permeation were performed to evaluate the NFs. The selected formulation (F1) was evaluated in vivo on induced oral mucositis in rabbits. Results SEM revealed that 20% polymer formed smooth and bead-free NFs. DSC results confirmed the amorphous nature of KET in the NFs. FTIR confirmed hydrogen bond formation between the drug and polymer, which stabilized the NFs. Both formulations (F1 and F2) had an acceptable surface pH. The drug loading was >90%. The amount of KET released from NF formulations was statistically significantly higher (P≤0.001) than that released from the corresponding solvent-casted films. The complete release of KET from F1 occurred within 2 hours. Ex vivo permeation study revealed that only a small fraction of drug permeated from F1, which was a better candidate than F2 for local buccal delivery. In vivo evaluation of F1 on oral mucositis induced in rabbits demonstrated that F1 reduced the clinical severity of mucositis in rabbits under the current experimental conditions. The attenuated clinical severity was accompanied by a marked reduction in inflammatory infiltrate and re-epithelization of the epithelial layer. Conclusion Eudragit L100 nanofibers (EL-NF) loaded with KET (F1) suppressed the inflammatory response associated with mucositis, which confirmed the efficacy of local buccal delivery of KET-loaded EL-NF in treating oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ihab Reda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University
| | - Ming Ming Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hitomi S, Ono K, Terawaki K, Matsumoto C, Mizuno K, Yamaguchi K, Imai R, Omiya Y, Hattori T, Kase Y, Inenaga K. [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol, active ingredients of the traditional Japanese medicine hangeshashinto, relief oral ulcerative mucositis-induced pain via action on Na + channels. Pharmacol Res 2016; 117:288-302. [PMID: 28043879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Japanese herbal medicine hangeshashinto (HST) has beneficial effects for the treatment of oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) in cancer patients. However, the ingredient-based mechanism that underlies its pain-relieving activity remains unknown. In the present study, to clarify the analgesic mechanism of HST on OUM-induced pain, we investigated putative HST ingredients showing antagonistic effects on Na+ channels in vitro and in vivo. A screen of 21 major ingredients using automated patch-clamp recordings in channel-expressing cells showed that [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol, two components of a Processed Ginger extract, considerably inhibited voltage-activated Na+ currents. These two ingredients inhibited the stimulant-induced release of substance P and action potential generation in cultured rat sensory neurons. A submucosal injection of a mixture of [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold in healthy rats. In a rat OUM model, OUM-induced mechanical pain was alleviated 30min after the swab application of HST despite the absence of anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory actions in the OUM area. A swab application of a mixture of [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol induced sufficient analgesia of OUM-induced mechanical or spontaneous pain when co-applied with a Ginseng extract containing abundant saponin. The Ginseng extract demonstrated an acceleration of substance permeability into the oral ulcer tissue without an analgesic effect. These findings suggest that Na+ channel blockage by gingerol/shogaol plays an essential role in HST-associated analgesia of OUM-induced pain. This pharmacological mechanism provides scientific evidence supporting the use of this herbal medicine in patients suffering from OUM-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Terawaki
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Chinami Matsumoto
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Keita Mizuno
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan; Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Ryota Imai
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Yuji Omiya
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hattori
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kase
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Kampo Scientific Strategies Division, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Inenaga
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
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