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Ren Y, Zheng J, Cao Y, Zhu Y, Ling Z, Zhang Z, Huang M. Diagnostic significance of LncRNA MIAT in periodontitis and the molecular mechanisms influencing periodontal ligament fibroblasts via the miR-204-5p/DKK1 axis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 168:106066. [PMID: 39190957 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the clinical importance of long noncoding RNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in periodontitis and its impact on the functional regulation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs). METHODS Ninety-eight periodontitis patients and 74 healthy controls were enrolled. In vitro cellular models were created using Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) to stimulate hPDLFs. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure mRNA levels of MIAT and osteogenic factors. Inflammation factor concentration was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined by cell counting kit -8 and flow cytometry assay. The targeting relationship was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Highly expressed MIAT and Dicckopf-1 (DDK1), and lowly expressed miR-204-5p were found in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients and Pg-LPS induced hPDLFs. MIAT has a sensitivity of 76.53 % and a specificity of 86.49 % for identifying patients with periodontitis among healthy individuals. MIAT acts as a sponge for miR-204-5p and upregulates DDK1 mRNA expression. Silencing of MIAT diminished the promotion of apoptosis and inflammation in hPDLFs by Pg-LPS and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. However, a miR-204-5p inhibitor significantly reversed the effect of silenced MIAT. CONCLUSIONS MIAT may act as a promising biomarker for periodontitis. It modulates apoptosis, inflammation, and osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs by focusing on the miR-204-5p/DKK1 axis, indicating its potential as a new therapeutic target for treating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Department of stomatology, Dental Well Institute of Temporomandibular Joint Research, Chengdu, China; LESHAN Vocational and Technical College, Leshan, China
| | - Jiwen Zheng
- LESHAN Vocational and Technical College, Leshan, China; Department of stomatology, Leshan Weiduo Dental, Leshan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of stomatology, Leshan Jiajiang Weiduo Dental, Leshan, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of stomatology, Leshan Weiduo Dental, Leshan, China
| | - Zhuo Ling
- Department of stomatology, Dental Well Institute of Temporomandibular Joint Research, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of stomatology, Dental Well Institute of Temporomandibular Joint Research, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingke Huang
- LESHAN Vocational and Technical College, Leshan, China; Department of stomatology, Leshan Weiduo Dental, Leshan, China.
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Mata-Monterde M, Serrano-Valcarce A, Almiñana-Pastor PJ, Micó-Martínez P, López-Roldán A. miRNAs as Epigenetic Biomarkers in the Study of the Bidirectional Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10723. [PMID: 39409052 PMCID: PMC11477124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the miRNA expression of oral fluids such as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with periodontitis and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and how these epigenetic biomarkers can influence the bidirectional relationship of these two inflammatory diseases. This review was conducted following the PRISMA criteria. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for clinical studies conducted on humans investigating, through GCF miRNA expression, the relationship between periodontal diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the etiopathogenic pathways of the studied miRNAs were analyzed using the DIANA MIR path tool. A total of 1436 references were identified in the initial literature search, and seven articles were finally included in this review. Most of the articles included in this review were case-control studies and examined the expression of miRNAs in patients with periodontitis with or without diabetes. Due to their characteristics, miRNAs appear to be the ideal biomarkers for improving the understanding and knowledge of the etiopathogenic pathways that link both diseases. Among all the studied miRNAs, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-200b, miR-223, and miR-203 showed strong involvement in inflammatory and metabolic pathways, making them potential good diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro José Almiñana-Pastor
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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AbdelKawy M, Tarrad NAF, Shaker OG, Hassan S. Expression of microRNA-223 and microRNA-214 in gingival crevicular fluid of smoker and nonsmoker periodontitis patients, an observational diagnostic accuracy study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:480. [PMID: 39126506 PMCID: PMC11316690 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that affects a wide range of populations. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. miRNAs are now considered potential diagnostic markers for many inflammatory diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the expression of microRNA-223(miRNA-223) and microRNA-214 (miRNA-214) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of smoker and nonsmoker with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective study among 42 participants: 14 healthy controls, 14 nonsmoker periodontitis participants, and 14 smokers with periodontitis. Eligibility criteria for inclusion were consecutive adults, aged 20-60 years, with stage III periodontitis grade B/C and no systemic diseases. All consenting participants had gingival crevicular fluid samples collected after diagnosis to assess miRNA-214 and -223 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS ROC curve analyses for the non-smoker periodontitis group showed that miR-214 as a predictor in comparison to miR-223 had higher sensitivity [92.86%-64.29%], same specificity [100%], and a significantly higher area under the curve [0.974-0.796] respectively (p = 0.036). As for the smoker periodontitis group, a ROC curve with miR-214 as predictor in comparison to miR-223 had higher sensitivity [100%-71.43%], same specificity [100%], and a non-significantly higher area under the curve [1-0.872], respectively (p = 0.059). CONCLUSION Both miRNA-214 and 223 are reliable potential diagnostic markers for periodontitis, with miRNA-214 being more accurate for smokers with periodontitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both miRNA-214 and 223 could be considered for potential chair-side diagnostics, by simply collecting GCF detecting the disease in its first steps and aid in preventing unrepairable damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha AbdelKawy
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | | | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sandy Hassan
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Cairo, Egypt
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Cosín-Villanueva M, Almiñana-Pastor PJ, García-Giménez JL, López-Roldán A. Study of microRNAs in Gingival Crevicular Fluid as Periodontal Diseases Biomarkers: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8274. [PMID: 39125843 PMCID: PMC11311819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases, and to determine which of them has a higher diagnostic yield for periodontitis. METHODS The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines (reference number CRD42024544648). The Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for clinical studies conducted in humans investigating periodontal diseases and miRNAs in GCF. The methodological quality of the articles was measured with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS A total of 3222 references were identified in the initial literature search, and 16 articles were finally included in the review. The design of the studies was heterogeneous, which prevented a meta-analysis of the data. Most of the studies compared miRNA expression levels between patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. The most widely researched miRNA in periodontal diseases was miR-200b-3p and miR-146a. CONCLUSIONS the miRNAs most studied are miR-146a, miR-200b, miR-223, miR-23a, and miR-203, and all of them except miR-203 have an acceptable diagnostic plausibility for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cosín-Villanueva
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Pedro J. Almiñana-Pastor
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Jose Luis García-Giménez
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés López-Roldán
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
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Agnihotri R, Gaur S, Bhat SG. Role of microRNAs in Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis: A Scoping Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2024; 14:180-191. [PMID: 39055291 PMCID: PMC11268527 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder, exhibits a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis (PD), and recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were associated with their progression. This review aims to assess the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of DM-associated PD and their plausible application as a biomarker for PD in individuals with DM. Materials and Methods The search conducted until September 2023 on Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science using the keywords "microRNA," "miRNA," or "miR," combined with "Diabetes" and "PD" yielded 100 articles. Only research focusing on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of DM-associated PD and their potential application as biomarkers for both conditions were included. Finally, 14 studies were assessed for any bias, and the collected data included study design, sample size, participant groups, age, sample obtained, PD severity, miRNAs examined, clinical and biochemical parameters related to DM and PD, and primary outcomes. Results In vivo studies indicated altered expression of miRNAs-146a, -146b, -155, -200b, -203, and -223, specifically in the comorbid subjects with both conditions. Animal, ex vivo, and in vitro studies demonstrated altered expression of miRNAs-126, -147, -31, -25-3p, -508-3p, -214, 124-3p, -221, -222, and the SIRT6-miR-216/217 axis. These miRNAs impact innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and insulin sensitivity, thereby promoting periodontal destruction in DM. miRNA-146a emerges as a reliable biomarker of PD in DM, whereas miRNA-155 is a consistent predictor of PD in subjects without DM. Conclusions miRNAs exert influence on immuno-inflammation in DM-associated PD. Although they can be biomarkers of PD and DM, their clinical utility is hindered by the absence of standardized tests to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, there has been limited exploration of the role of miRNAs in DM-associated PD through human studies. Future clinical trials are warranted to address this gap, focusing on standardizing sample collection, miRNA sources, and detection methods. This approach will enable the identification of specific miRNAs for DM-associated PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Agnihotri
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumit Gaur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Subraya Giliyar Bhat
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Novianti Y, Nur'aeny N. Exploring Interleukin-10 Levels in Diabetes Patients with and without Oral Diseases: A Systematic Review. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:541-552. [PMID: 38313209 PMCID: PMC10838512 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s449546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine that plays an important role in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oral diseases were more common in diabetics than in non-diabetics. The aim of this review is to identify IL-10 levels in diabetic patients with and without oral diseases. Methods A systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct) were used to search for articles up to November 2023 for studies on the measurement of IL-10 in diabetics with and without oral disease. The criteria were limited to human studies and full-text in English only. The outcome was the value of IL-10. The study was quality-graded using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS). Results There were eleven articles that met the eligibility criteria for analysis. Four articles discovered higher IL-10 levels, while seven articles discovered lower IL-10 levels in diabetes patients with oral diseases compared with each control group. Conclusion Most studies showed lower IL-10 levels in diabetic patients with oral diseases compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yessy Novianti
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nanan Nur'aeny
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Borgnakke WS. Current scientific evidence for why periodontitis should be included in diabetes management. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2024; 4:1257087. [PMID: 38274772 PMCID: PMC10809181 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1257087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This Perspective provides a brief summary of the scientific evidence for the two-way links between periodontal diseases and hyperglycemia (diabetes mellitus [DM] and pre-DM). It delivers in a nutshell current scientific evidence for manifestations of hyperglycemia on periodontal health status and effects of periodontal diseases on blood glucose levels and in turn incidence, progression, and complications of diabetes. Of outmost importance is presentation of scientific evidence for the potential of routine periodontal treatment to lower blood glucose levels, providing a novel, economical tool in DM management. Non-surgical periodontal treatment ("deep cleaning") can be provided by dental hygienists or dentists in general dental offices, although severe cases should be referred to specialists. Such therapy can decrease the costs of DM care and other health care costs for people with DM. The great importance of a healthy oral cavity free of infection and subsequent inflammation - especially periodontitis that if untreated will cause loosening and eventually loss of affected teeth - has largely gone unnoticed by the medical community as the health care curricula are largely void of content regarding the bi-directional links between oral health and systemic health, despite elevation of blood glucose levels being an integral part of the general systemic inflammation response. The importance of keeping disease-free, natural teeth for proper biting and chewing, smiling, self-esteem, and pain avoidance cannot be overestimated. Medical and dental professionals are strongly encouraged to collaborate in patient-centered care for their mutual patients with - or at risk for - hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenche Sylling Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Taheri M, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Abdullah ST, Ghafouri-Fard S, Sayad A. Emerging Role of miRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:427-448. [PMID: 35718954 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220617103820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to participate in the pathogenesis of several immune-related conditions through the modulation of the expression of cytokine coding genes and other molecules that affect the activity of the immune system. Periodontitis is an example of these conditions associated with the dysregulation of several miRNAs. Several miRNAs such as let-7 family, miR-125, miR-378, miR-543, miR-302, miR-214, miR-200, miR-146, miR-142, miR-30 and miR-21 have been shown to be dysregulated in patients with periodontitis. miR-146 is the most assessed miRNA in these patients, which is up-regulated in most studies in patients with periodontitis. In the present review, we describe the impact of miRNAs dysregulation on the pathoetiology of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bandi DP, Sudhakar U, Parthasarathy H, Rajamani SR, Krishnaswamy B. Expression dynamics of microRNA-223/Ras-associated binding protein 12 axis in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease: A case-control analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2024; 28:99-105. [PMID: 38988960 PMCID: PMC11232797 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_179_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The intricate interplay between periodontal polymicrobial flora and an altered immune response is the central cause of periodontal disease. Multiple cell death methods and their interactions, along with the associated signaling pathways, significantly impact the initiation and advancement of periodontitis. Our speculation revolves around the role of the miR-223/Ras-associated binding protein (RAB12) signaling axis in regulating autophagy-induced pyroptosis, contributing to the pathophysiology of periodontitis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate miR-223 and RAB12 expression patterns in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Materials and Methods The study included 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients diagnosed with Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Clinical parameters were cataloged for each participant. miRNA-223 underwent an in silico analysis to identify its potential target genes. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from the subjects for real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the expression of both miR-223 and the RAB12 gene. Results The miRTargetLink2.0 analysis highlighted the RAB12 gene as a prime target for miR-223. In periodontal disease patients, miR-223 and RAB12 gene expressions significantly increased (15.21 and 34.70-fold changes, respectively; P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested that miR-223 is a potential biomarker for periodontal disease, with 76% diagnostic accuracy and an area under the curve of 0.777 (P < 0.01). Conclusion MicroRNA-223 and its target gene RAB12 exhibit high expression levels in GCF samples from individuals with periodontal disease. This suggests modulation of autophagy and the signaling mechanism for pyroptotic cell death in periodontal tissues during pathogenesis. Consequently, the miR-223/RAB12 axis might represent a plausible link for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhathri Priya Bandi
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Sudhakar
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harinath Parthasarathy
- Department of Periodontology, S.R.M. Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Snophia Rani Rajamani
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnaswamy
- Former Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang Z, Wang P, Zheng Y, Wang M, Chou J, Wang Z. Exosomal microRNA-223 from neutrophil-like cells inhibits osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1315-1325. [PMID: 37715968 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neutrophils-derived exosomes have been shown to cause tissue inflammation in many diseases, but their role in periodontitis, a neutrophil-mediated disease, is unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes on osteogenic dysfunction of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in periodontitis. METHODS Neutrophil-like cells were derived from HL-60 cells by dimethylsulfoxide stimulation. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry and western blot. MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alizarin red staining were conducted to assess whether exosomes could affect the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The expression of miR-223 was inhibited in PDLSCs by transfecting with miR-223 inhibitor. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) expression was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We found that miR-223 was significantly increased in neutrophils and neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes. Treatment with exosomes derived from neutrophil-like cells upregulated miR-223 expression and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, while transfection with miR-223 inhibitor significantly promoted PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. In addition, co-treatment with KT5823, a cGMP-PKG pathway inhibitor, markedly abrogated the rescue effects of miR-223 inhibitor on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes might inhibit osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by transporting miR-223 and regulating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiashu Chou
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yamaguchi A, Tsuruya Y, Igarashi K, Jin Z, Yamazaki-Takai M, Takai H, Nakayama Y, Ogata Y. Changes in the components of salivary exosomes due to initial periodontal therapy. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2023; 53:347-361. [PMID: 36919005 PMCID: PMC10627739 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203700185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are present in body fluids and contain proteins, lipids, and microRNA (miRNA). Periodontal tissue examinations assess the degree of periodontal tissue destruction according to the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and X-ray examinations. However, the accurate evaluation of the prognosis of periodontitis is limited. In this study, we collected saliva from patients before and after initial periodontal therapy (IPT) and compared changes in the clinical parameters of periodontitis with changes in the components of salivary exosomes. METHODS Saliva was collected from patients with stage III and IV periodontitis at the first visit and post-IPT. Exosomes were purified from the saliva, and total protein and RNA were extracted. Changes in expression levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, HSP70, and 6 kinds of miRNA were analyzed by western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Patients with increased C6 expression after IPT had significantly higher levels of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), miR-142, and miR-144 before and after IPT than patients with decreased C6 expression after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged CD81 expression after IPT showed significantly higher PD, CAL, and PISA before IPT than after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged TSG101 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD before IPT than after IPT. Patients with increased HSP70 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD and PISA before and after IPT than patients with unchanged HSP70 after IPT. The expression levels of miR-142, miR-144, miR-200b, and miR-223 changed with changes in the levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, and HSP70 in the salivary exosomes of periodontitis patients before and after IPT. CONCLUSIONS The expression levels of proteins and miRNAs in salivary exosomes significantly changed after IPT in periodontitis patients, suggesting that the components of exosomes could serve as biomarkers for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuto Tsuruya
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuma Igarashi
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Zhenyu Jin
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuho Yamazaki-Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Nakayama
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yorimasa Ogata
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
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12
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Zhao M, Xie Y, Gao W, Li C, Ye Q, Li Y. Diabetes mellitus promotes susceptibility to periodontitis-novel insight into the molecular mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1192625. [PMID: 37664859 PMCID: PMC10469003 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1192625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a main risk factor for periodontitis, but until now, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Diabetes can increase the pathogenicity of the periodontal microbiota and the inflammatory/host immune response of the periodontium. Hyperglycemia induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhances oxidative stress (OS), exacerbating periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, the alveolar bone resorption damage and the epigenetic changes in periodontal tissue induced by diabetes may also contribute to periodontitis. We will review the latest clinical data on the evidence of diabetes promoting the susceptibility of periodontitis from epidemiological, molecular mechanistic, and potential therapeutic targets and discuss the possible molecular mechanistic targets, focusing in particular on novel data on inflammatory/host immune response and OS. Understanding the intertwined pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis can explain the cross-interference between endocrine metabolic and inflammatory diseases better, provide a theoretical basis for new systemic holistic treatment, and promote interprofessional collaboration between endocrine physicians and dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcan Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuandong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenjia Gao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunwang Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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13
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Yu SL. Diagnostic potential of miR-200 family members in gingival crevicular fluid for chronic periodontitis: correlation with clinical parameters and therapeutic implications. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:532. [PMID: 37525201 PMCID: PMC10391752 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of miR-200 family members in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as diagnostic biomarkers for chronic periodontitis (CP), aiming to provide valuable insights for the early detection and management of the disease. METHODS GSE89081 dataset profiled miRNAs in GCF derived from 5 healthy and 5 periodontitis was analyzed by GEO2R. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify the expression levels of miR-200 family members (miR-200a-3p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-200c-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-141-5p, and miR-429) in the GCF samples from 103 CP patients and 113 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic potential of miR-200 family members in differentiating CP patients from healthy controls. RESULTS By analyzing the GSE89081 dataset, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-5p and miR-200c-5p were significantly upregulated in GCF of the CP patients compared to the healthy control. In this study, miR-200a-3p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-200c-5p were significantly increased in GCF of CP patients compared to the healthy control, while miR-141 and miR-429 did not show significant differences. MiR-200a, -200b and 200c had good diagnostic value, and when these miRNAs were combined, they demonstrated excellent diagnostic value for CP with an AUC of 0.997, sensitivity of 99.03%, and specificity of 98.23%. MiR-200a, -200b and 200c in GCF showed significant and positive correlation with plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD). CONCLUSION MiR-200a, -200b and 200c in GCF may serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CP, which was correlated with clinical parameters, being therapeutic targets for CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Yu
- HangZhou Dental Hospital, HangZhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Li J, Liu Y, Lai W, Song L, Deng J, Li C, Jiang S. MicroRNA-126 regulates macrophage polarization to prevent the resorption of alveolar bone in diabetic periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 150:105686. [PMID: 36947912 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of microRNA-126 (miR-126) on the macrophage polarization in vitro and alveolar bone resorption in vivo. DESIGN The relationship between miR-126 and MEK/ERK kinase 2 (MEKK2) was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or Western blot was used to detect the changes of miR-126, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase-1 (Arg-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, MEKK2 and MEKK2-related pathways: mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in RAW264.7 macrophages challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or high glucose and/or miR-126 mimic. In mice with diabetic periodontitis, the expressions of iNOS and Arg-1 in gingiva, and alveolar bone level were detected after miR-126 mimic injection. RESULTS MiR-126 could directly bind with MEKK2 3'-untranslated region (UTR). MEKK2, phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling proteins, TNF-α and iNOS increased (P < 0.05), while miR-126, Arg-1 and IL-10 were inhibited (P < 0.05) in macrophage challenged with high glucose and/or P. gingivalis LPS, however, miR-126 mimic reversed these effects (P < 0.05). The expressions of iNOS in gingiva and alveolar bone resorption were elevated (P < 0.05), the expression of Arg-1 in gingiva decreased (P < 0.05) in mice with diabetic periodontitis, which could be inhibited by miR-126 mimic. CONCLUSIONS miR-126 might prevent alveolar bone resorption in diabetic periodontitis and inhibit macrophage M1 polarization via regulating MEKK2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China; Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Lai
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Song
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaoyun Jiang
- Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen 5180036, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Potential Effect of Giant Freshwater Prawn Shell Nano Chitosan in Inhibiting the Development of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis Biofilm In Vitro. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:8890750. [PMID: 36819639 PMCID: PMC9937774 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8890750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An oral biofilm comprises a variety of bacteria including Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis that cause human infections, such as caries and periodontitis. Thus, biofilm management plays an important part in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Nano chitosan is a bioactive material that has antimicrobial activities. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of nano chitosan synthesized from giant freshwater prawn shells (PSNC) on S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm development. PSNC was prepared from the extracted chitosan of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) shells using the ionic gelation method. The effect of PSNC on S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sanguinis ATCC10556 biofilm formation was evaluated using the crystal violet assay. Both bacteria were inoculated in the presence of various concentrations (5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/ml) of PSNC for 24 h and 48 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy were performed to visualize and study the biofilm architectural features. The biofilms were stained with the BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit prior to CLSM observation to monitor the viability of the biofilm. The results showed that PSNC exposure for 24 h and 48 h inhibited the formation of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilms. The biofilm formation inhibition percentage increased with an increase in the PSNC concentration (p < 0.05). The highest inhibitory activity was shown at 5 mg/ml PSNC (p < 0.05). Those findings were confirmed by the subsequent findings using the CLSM and SEM analyses. The biofilm architecture was strongly disrupted upon treatment with PSNC. After exposure to 5 mg/ml PSNC, the number of bacteria significantly decreased. The remaining bacteria were seen as individual cells, showing damaged cells. In conclusion, PSNC inhibits the development of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm in vitro, indicating the potential of PSNC in clinical application for oral bacterial infection, prevention, and treatment.
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16
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Öngöz Dede F, Gökmenoğlu C, Türkmen E, Bozkurt Doğan Ş, Ayhan BS, Yildirim K. Six miRNA expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:195-203. [PMID: 36495003 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been stated that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in development, homeostasis, and immune functions, and abnormal miRNA expression may cause faster disease progression. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-155, and miR-29b gene expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with the periodontal disease before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). METHODS A total of 90 individuals, 30 with periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30 periodontally healthy (control group), were included. These three groups were divided into subgroups as smoking and non-smoking individuals, with 15 people in each group. NSPT was applied to patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. Saliva samples and clinical parameters were obtained at baseline and repeated 6 weeks after NSPT. RESULTS Saliva miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, and miR-155 gene expressions were significantly upregulated in patients with periodontal disease compared to the control group both in smokers and non-smokers, and also these miRNAs' gene expressions were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the gingivitis group at baseline (p < .05). A significant increase in saliva miR-142-3p expression was detected in all groups of smokers compared to non-smokers (p < .05). Although there was a decrease in salivary miRNAs gene expressions with the treatment, it was not statistically significant (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that salivary miR-146a, miR-146b, miR142-3p, miR-155, and miR-203 gene expressions increased with the progression of periodontal disease, but unchanged after periodontal treatment. Moreover, smoking may contribute to an increase in the levels of salivary miR-142-3p in the periodontal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Öngöz Dede
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Ceren Gökmenoğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Emrah Türkmen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Bozkurt Doğan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burhanettin Sertaç Ayhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, Health Sciences Institute, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Yildirim
- Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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17
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Isola G, Santonocito S, Distefano A, Polizzi A, Vaccaro M, Raciti G, Alibrandi A, Li Volti G. Impact of periodontitis on gingival crevicular fluid miRNAs profiles associated with cardiovascular disease risk. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:165-174. [PMID: 36482859 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Recent emerging evidence has shown that microRNA (miRNAs) is involved in several epigenetic processes linked with periodontitis, increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study aimed to assess the impact of periodontitis on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) miRNAs expression associated with CVD risk and to evaluate possible confounders that influenced this association. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the present study, healthy controls (n = 28) and subjects with CVD (n = 28), periodontitis (n = 30) and periodontitis + CVD (n = 29) were enrolled. All subjects underwent regular periodontal examinations and blood sampling. In addition, GCF sampling was performed, and miRNAs 7a-5p, 21-3p, 21-5p, 100-5p, 125-5p, 200b-3p, and 200b-5p expression was analyzed using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The results showed that periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD subjects presented significantly different GCF miRNAs expression compared to healthy controls and CVD subjects. More specifically, compared to healthy controls and CVD, subjects with periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD showed higher GCF miRNA 7a-5p, miRNA 21-3p, miRNA 21-5p, miRNA 200b-3p, and miRNA 200b-5p (p < .05) and lower miRNA 100-5p, miRNA 125-5p levels (p < .05). Furthermore, the multivariate regression analysis evidenced that periodontitis (miRNA 21-3p, 100-5p) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) (miRNA 7a-5p, 21-3p, 21-5p, 100-5p, 125-5p, 200b-3p) were significant predictors of GCF miRNAs concentration (p < .05). CONCLUSION The results of the study highlighted that the periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD group showed higher GCF miRNAs expression than healthy controls and CVD subjects. Furthermore, periodontitis and its extent (PISA) were revealed as significant predictors of GCF miRNAs associated with CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuel Vaccaro
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Raciti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Deka Dey A, Yousefiasl S, Kumar A, Dabbagh Moghaddam F, Rahimmanesh I, Samandari M, Jamwal S, Maleki A, Mohammadi A, Rabiee N, Cláudia Paiva‐Santos A, Tamayol A, Sharifi E, Makvandi P. miRNA-encapsulated abiotic materials and biovectors for cutaneous and oral wound healing: Biogenesis, mechanisms, and delivery nanocarriers. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10343. [PMID: 36684081 PMCID: PMC9842058 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as therapeutic agents have attracted increasing interest in the past decade owing to their significant effectiveness in treating a wide array of ailments. These polymerases II-derived noncoding RNAs act through post-transcriptional controlling of different proteins and their allied pathways. Like other areas of medicine, researchers have utilized miRNAs for managing acute and chronic wounds. The increase in the number of patients suffering from either under-healing or over-healing wound demonstrates the limited efficacy of the current wound healing strategies and dictates the demands for simpler approaches with greater efficacy. Various miRNA can be designed to induce pathway beneficial for wound healing. However, the proper design of miRNA and its delivery system for wound healing applications are still challenging due to their limited stability and intracellular delivery. Therefore, new miRNAs are required to be identified and their delivery strategy needs to be optimized. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of miRNAs in various stages of wound healing and provide an insight on the most recent findings in the nanotechnology and biomaterials field, which might offer opportunities for the development of new strategies for this chronic condition. We also highlight the advances in biomaterials and delivery systems, emphasizing their challenges and resolutions for miRNA-based wound healing. We further review various biovectors (e.g., adenovirus and lentivirus) and abiotic materials such as organic and inorganic nanomaterials, along with dendrimers and scaffolds, as the delivery systems for miRNA-based wound healing. Finally, challenges and opportunities for translation of miRNA-based strategies into clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of DentistryHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of PharmacyChitkara UniversityPunjabIndia
| | - Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100RomeItaly
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research CenterCardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | | | - Sumit Jamwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC)Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Cancer Research CentreShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva‐Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials InterfacesPontederaItaly
- School of Chemistry, Damghan UniversityDamghanIran
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19
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Zhang Z, Wang M, Zheng Y, Dai Y, Chou J, Bian X, Wang P, Li C, Shen J. MicroRNA-223 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament derived cells by directly targeting growth factor receptors. Lab Invest 2022; 20:465. [PMID: 36221121 PMCID: PMC9552407 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) is accepted as a critical regulator of cell differentiation. However, whether microRNA-223 (miR-223) could affect the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL)-derived cells is still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying the roles of miR-223 in the osteogenesis of PDL-derived cells in periodontitis. Methods Microarray analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to identify difference in miR-223 expression pattern between healthy and inflamed gingival tissue. The target genes of miR-223 were predicted based on Targetscan and selected for enrichment analyses based on Metascape database. The gain-and loss-of-function experiments were performed to discuss roles of miR-223 and growth factor receptor genes in osteogenic differentiation of PDL-derived cells. The target relationship between miR-223 and growth factor receptor genes was confirmed by a dual luciferase assay. Osteogenic differentiation of PDL-derived cells was assessed by Alizarin red staining, RT-PCR and western blot detection of osteogenic markers, including osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Results MiR-223 was significantly increased in inflamed gingival tissues and down-regulated in PDL-derived cells during osteogenesis. The expression of miR-223 in gingival tissues was positively correlated with the clinical parameters in periodontitis patients. Overexpression of miR-223 markedly inhibited PDL-derived cells osteogenesis, which was evidenced by reduced Alizarin red staining and osteogenic markers expressions. Furthermore, two growth factor receptor genes, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2), were revealed to be direct targets of miR-223 and shown to undergo up-regulation in PDL-derived cells during osteogenesis. Moreover, suppression of FGFR2 or TGFβR2 dramatically blocked PDL-derived cells osteogenic differentiation. Conclusions Our study provides novel evidence that miR-223 can be induced by periodontitis and acts as a negative regulator of PDL-derived cells osteogenesis by targeting two growth factor receptors (TGFβR2 and FGFR2). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03676-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yanmei Dai
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Jiashu Chou
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Changyi Li
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Jing Shen
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China.
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20
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Maruyama T, Kobayashi T, Sugiura Y, Yoneda T, Ekuni D, Morita M. Association between serum miRNAs and gingival gene expression in an obese rat model. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:502-509. [PMID: 35234284 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have reported a relationship between periodontitis and obesity; however, the mechanisms of obesity's effects on periodontitis are not well understood. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play key roles in the post-transcriptional regulation gene expression by suppressing translation and protein synthesis. We examined the association between obesity-related miRNAs and gene expression in gingival tissue using miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) pairing analysis in an obese rat model. METHODS Sixteen male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks old were divided into two groups: the control group was fed a normal powdered food for 8 weeks, and the obesity group was fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Distance from the cement-enamel junction to the alveolar bone crest of the first molars was measured. miRNA microarray analysis was performed on samples of serum and gingival tissue; the resulting data were used to calculate fold changes in miRNA levels in the obesity group relative to the control group, and miRNA-mRNA pairing analysis was performed to identify mRNAs potentially targeted by miRNAs of interest. RESULTS Alveolar bone loss in the obesity group exceeded that in the control group (p = .017). miRNA-mRNA pairing analysis identified an association between 4 miRNAs (miR-759, miR-9a-3p, miR-203b-3p, and miR-878) that were differentially expressed in the obesity and control groups and 7 genes (Ly86, Arid5b, Rgs18, Mlana, P2ry13, Kif1b, and Myt1) expressed in gingival tissue. CONCLUSION This study revealed that several miRNAs play an important role in the mechanism of periodontal disease progression induced by the obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Maruyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Terumasa Kobayashi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sugiura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Academic Field of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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21
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Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:14. [PMID: 35236828 PMCID: PMC8891310 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral bacteria directly affect the disease status of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The dynamic oral microbiota cooperates with the host to reflect the information and status of immunity and metabolism through two-way communication along the oral cavity and the systemic organs. The oral cavity is one of the most important interaction windows between the human body and the environment. The microenvironment at different sites in the oral cavity has different microbial compositions and is regulated by complex signaling, hosts, and external environmental factors. These processes may affect or reflect human health because certain health states seem to be related to the composition of oral bacteria, and the destruction of the microbial community is related to systemic diseases. In this review, we discussed emerging and exciting evidence of complex and important connections between the oral microbes and multiple human systemic diseases, and the possible contribution of the oral microorganisms to systemic diseases. This review aims to enhance the interest to oral microbes on the whole human body, and also improve clinician’s understanding of the role of oral microbes in systemic diseases. Microbial research in dentistry potentially enhances our knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms of oral diseases, and at the same time, continuous advances in this frontier field may lead to a tangible impact on human health.
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22
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Yang Y, Ren D, Zhao D, Zhang B, Ye R. MicroRNA-203 mediates P. gingivalis LPS-induced inflammation and differentiation of periodontal ligament cells. Oral Dis 2022; 29:1715-1725. [PMID: 35034420 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of microRNA-203 (miR-203) on P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g. LPS)-stimulated periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and identify potential molecular targets for periodontitis treatment. METHODS PDLCs were stimulated by P.g. LPS, followed by quantification of miR-203 and AP-1 expression. Next, loss- and gain-of-function experiments were applied in P.g. LPS-induced PDLCs. The proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of PDLCs were determined and mineralized nodule numbers were counted. Functional assays were used to identify interactions among miR-203, activator protein 1 (AP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). In addition, expression of osteogenesis-related genes and release of proinflammatory factors were analyzed. RESULTS miR-203 was found to be downregulated while AP-1 was upregulated in PDLCs stimulated by P.g. LPS. The overexpression of miR-203 promoted P.g. LPS-stimulated PDLC proliferation and differentiation, inhibited apoptosis, and increased the number of mineralized nodules. miR-203 was verified to downregulate AP-1/ICAM-1 axis. miR-203 overexpression reduced the secretion of proinflammatory factors while increasing expression of osteogenesis-related genes in P.g. LPS-stimulated PDLCs, which was reversed by overexpressing AP-1 and ICAM-1. CONCLUSION These experimental data demonstrated the potential inhibitory effects of overexpressed miR-203 on periodontitis development by promoting PDLC differentiation and suppressing inflammatory responses through AP-1/ICAM-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongping Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Duo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Sichuan, China
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23
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Liu F, Zhou Z, Xue Y, Zhu B, Wu B, Chen F. [Activation of mir-30a-wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway upregulates cathepsin K expression to promote cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1439-1447. [PMID: 34755658 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of cathepsin K (CTSK) regulated by mir-30a-wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). METHODS Human PDLSCs isolated by limiting dilution culture were induced by enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) for differentiation into cementoblast-like cells. MicroRNA chip technique was employed to screen the differentially expressed microRNAs in the cells during induced differentiation. The effect of inhibiting miR-30a on CTSK expression in the induced cells was examined using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Ceramic scaffolds coated with PDLSCs treated with EMD and transfected with the miR-30a inhibitor or a lentiviral vector for CTSK overexpression were prepared and implanted subcutaneously in nude mice, and 8 weeks later the cellular expressions of cementoblast markers CAP and CEMP-1 were detected with immunohistochemistry to verify whether CTSK participate in cementogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The role of wnt signaling pathway in miR-30a-mediated regulation of CTSK expression was explored by examining CTSK protein expressions after blocking wnt signaling in PDLSCs. RESULTS In PDLSCs with EMD-induced differentiation into cementoblast-like cells, multiple microRNAs exhibited differential expressions; and among them, miR-30a was specifically and significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). Up-regulation of miR-30a obviously increased the expression of CTSK (P < 0.05) and promoted PDLSCs to form cementum-like tissues with high expressions of CAP and CEMP-1. The regulatory effect of miR-30a on CTSK expression was obviously attenuated after inhibiting wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION EMD induces cementogenic differentiation of PDLSCs possibly by up-regulating the expression of miR-30a, which further activates the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to enhance the expression of CTSK.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710000, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710000, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Y Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - B Zhu
- Department of Oral Medicine, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - B Wu
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - F Chen
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710000, China
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24
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Portes J, Bullón B, Quiles JL, Battino M, Bullón P. Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis Share Intracellular Disorders as the Main Meeting Point. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092411. [PMID: 34572060 PMCID: PMC8467361 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and periodontitis are two of the most prevalent diseases worldwide that negatively impact the quality of life of the individual suffering from them. They are part of the chronic inflammatory disease group or, as recently mentioned, non-communicable diseases, with inflammation being the meeting point among them. Inflammation hitherto includes vascular and tissue changes, but new technologies provide data at the intracellular level that could explain how the cells respond to the aggression more clearly. This review aims to emphasize the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, which are marked by different impaired central regulators including mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired immune system and autophagy pathways, oxidative stress, and the crosstalk between adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). All of them are the shared background behind both diseases that could explain its relationship. These should be taken in consideration if we would like to improve the treatment outcomes. Currently, the main treatment strategies in diabetes try to reduce glycemia index as the most important aspect, and in periodontitis try to reduce the presence of oral bacteria. We propose to add to the therapeutic guidelines the handling of all the intracellular disorders to try to obtain better treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Portes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Beatriz Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - José Luis Quiles
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Department of Physiology, University Campus of Cartuja, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, C/Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche. Via Tronto 10A, 60126 Torrette di Ancona, Italy;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Pedro Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (J.P.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Santonocito S, Polizzi A, Palazzo G, Isola G. The Emerging Role of microRNA in Periodontitis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Potential and Future Molecular Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5456. [PMID: 34064286 PMCID: PMC8196859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, it has been established that messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) transcription does not inevitably lead to protein translation, but there are numerous processes involved in post-transcriptional regulation, which is a continuously developing field of research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs, which negatively regulate protein expression and are implicated in several physiological and pathological mechanisms. Aberrant expression of miRNAs triggers dysregulation of multiple cellular processes involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. For many years, it was thought that miRNAs acted only within the cell in which they were synthesised, but, recently, they have been found outside cells bound to lipids and proteins, or enclosed in extracellular vesicles, namely exosomes. They can circulate throughout the body, transferring information between cells and altering gene expression in the recipient cells, as they can fuse with and be internalised by the recipient cells. Numerous studies on miRNAs have been conducted in order to identify possible biomarkers that can be used in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. However, as therapeutic agents, single miRNAs can target several genes and influence multiple regulatory networks. The aim of this review was to examine the molecular role of miRNAs and exosomes in the pathophysiology of periodontal disease and to evaluate possible clinical and future implications for a personalised therapeutical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (G.P.)
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26
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Rovas A, Puriene A, Snipaitiene K, Punceviciene E, Buragaite-Staponkiene B, Matuleviciute R, Butrimiene I, Jarmalaite S. Analysis of periodontitis-associated miRNAs in gingival tissue, gingival crevicular fluid, saliva and blood plasma. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 126:105125. [PMID: 33862403 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease which is associated with multiple systemic comorbidities, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), meanwhile the etiopathology of PD may be modulated by various factors including microRNA (miRNA). The present study aimed to reveal miRNAs associated with PD in gingival tissue, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, plasma and to assess the possible influence of RA. DESIGN The cross-sectional study included 30 patients with PD and 31 periodontally healthy participants. A total of 25 participants were additionally diagnosed with RA. Microarray analysis of eight gingival tissue samples was performed and four PD-associated miRNAs were selected: miR-199a-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-3198 and miR-4299. Target miRNAs were further assessed by means of RT-qPCR in 61 gingival tissue samples and corresponding bodily fluids - GCF, saliva and plasma. RESULTS The upregulation of miR-199a-5p and downregulation of miR-4299 in gingival tissue was associated with the presence of PD and RA (P < 0.05). GCF level of miR-3198 was higher amongst participants with PD (P = 0.019) and showed a good diagnostic ability (AUC = 0.72, P = 0.008). Increased miR-199a-5p salivary level and decreased miR-199a-5p plasma level were observed amongst patients with worse clinical status of PD (P < 0.05). MiR-3198 and miR-4299 combination in GCF demonstrated AUC value of 0.86 and reached sensitivity of 68 % and specificity of 96 %. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant expression of miR-199a-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-3198, miR-4299 in gingival tissues is associated with the presence and/or severity of PD. MiR-3198, miR-4299 level in GCF and miR-199a-5p level in plasma strongly correlated with PD, demonstrating significant diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adomas Rovas
- Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University Hospital Zalgiris Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Alina Puriene
- Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University Hospital Zalgiris Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Snipaitiene
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Punceviciene
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Orthopedics Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Center of Rheumatology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Ruta Matuleviciute
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Irena Butrimiene
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Orthopedics Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Center of Rheumatology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sonata Jarmalaite
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
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