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Salarvand A, Khoshvaghti A, Sharififar S, Jame SZB, Markazi-Moghaddam N, Zareiyan A. Hospital Performance Evaluation Checklist in Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: Design and Validation. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e570. [PMID: 38057973 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Around the world, pandemics have been considered among the main hazards in the last 2 decades. Hospitals are 1 of the most important organizations responding to pandemics. The aim of this study was to design and develop a valid checklist for evaluating the hospitals' performance in response to COVID-19 pandemic, for the first time. METHODS This study is a mixed method research design that began in February, 2020 and was conducted in 3 phases: Designing a conceptual model, designing a primary checklist structure, and checklist psychometric evaluation. Known-groups method has been used to evaluate construct validity. Two groups of hospitals were compared: group A (COVID-19 Hospitals) and group B (the other hospitals). RESULTS The checklist's main structure was designed with 6 main domains, 23 sub-domains, and 152 items. The content validity ratio and index were 0.94 and 0.79 respectively. Eleven items were added, 106 items were removed, and 40 items were edited. Independent t-test showed a significant difference between the scores of the 2 groups of hospitals (P < 0.0001). Pearson correlation coefficient test also showed a high correlation between our checklist and the other. The internal consistency of the checklist was 0.98 according to Cronbach's alpha test. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating the hospitals' performance and identifying their strengths and weaknesses, can help health system policymakers and hospital managers, and leads to improved performance in response to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Salarvand
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Khoshvaghti
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine Faculty, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simintaj Sharififar
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Zargar Balaye Jame
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Markazi-Moghaddam
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tahmasebi A, Masoudi Asl I, Aryankhesal A, Vatankhah S, Masoumi G. Best Practices of Hospitals in Management of Epidemic Conditions: A Scoping Review. Galen Med J 2023; 12:1-14. [PMID: 38774843 PMCID: PMC11108671 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v12i.2824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many hospitals globally have valuable experiences in preparing for management and responding to infectious epidemics. Identifying and analyzing these experiences can provide comprehensive and practical data for decision-making and effective performance. This study aimed to conduct a scoping review and content analysis of the best practices of hospital (private or public) management in epidemic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research is a scoping review and content analysis, conducted in 2021. Data was collected by searching different databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, ProQuest, websites, search engines, and public reports without time limits. Content analysis was performed for data analysis. RESULTS We retrieved 8842 records from databases and other sources. Finally, 24 studies from 12 countries were selected for analysis. Most studies belonged to the United States (9 cases), and most subjects were on Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) (19 studies). We classified the results into two major categories of in-hospital executive readiness and logistic readiness. Executive readiness included 11 main categories (physical structure, resource management, exposure reduction, patients and caregivers' management, corpse management, disinfection, staff support, patient admission, instructions and guidelines, tele- communication, and education) and 26 sub-categories. Logistic readiness consisted of three major categories (leadership/team making, communication, and using capabilities) and five sub-categories. CONCLUSION Healthcare managers can use the identified categories and dimensions of managerial readiness and responsiveness as an action plan during an infectious disease epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tahmasebi
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and
Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iravan Masoudi Asl
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and
Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aidin Aryankhesal
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and
Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Vatankhah
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and
Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Masoumi
- Department of Health in Disaster and Emergencies, School of Health Management and
Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang J, Lu X, Jin Y, Zheng ZJ. Hospitals' responsibility in response to the threat of infectious disease outbreak in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Implications for low- and middle-income countries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:113-117. [PMID: 33294250 PMCID: PMC7713538 DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The WHO declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and then a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 affected over 200 countries and territories worldwide, with 25,541,380 confirmed cases and 852,000 deaths associated with COVID-19 globally, as of September 1, 2020.1 While facing such a public health emergency, hospitals were on the front line to deliver health care and psychological services. The early detection, diagnosis, reporting, isolation, and clinical management of patients during a public health emergency required the extensive involvement of hospitals in all aspects. The response capacity of hospitals directly determined the outcomes of the prevention and control of an outbreak. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost all nations and territories regardless of their development level or geographic location, although suitable risk mitigation measures differ between developing and developed countries. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the consequences of the pandemic could be more complicated because incidence and mortality might be associated more with a fragile health care system and shortage of related resources.2, 3 As evidenced by the situation in Bangladesh, India, Kenya, South Africa, and other LMICs, socioeconomic status (SES) disparity was a major factor in the spread of disease, potentially leading to alarmingly insufficient preparedness and responses in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.4 Conversely, the pandemic might also bring more unpredictable socioeconomic and long-term impacts in LMICs, and those with lower SES fare worse in these situations. This review aimed to summarize the responsibilities of and measures taken by hospitals in combatting the COVID-19 outbreak. Our findings are hoped to provide experiences, as well as lessons and potential implications for LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.,Institute for Global Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinpu Lu
- Graduate School of Education, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.,Institute for Global Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.,Institute for Global Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Alroy KA, Gwom LC, Ndongo CB, Kenmoe S, Monamele G, Clara A, Whitaker B, Manga H, Tayimetha CY, Tseuko D, Etogo B, Pasi O, Etoundi AG, Seukap E, Njouom R, Balajee A. Strengthening timely detection and reporting of unusual respiratory events from health facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2020; 14:122-128. [PMID: 31923349 PMCID: PMC7040971 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The International Health Regulations state that early detection and immediate reporting of unusual health events is important for early warning and response systems. OBJECTIVE To describe a pilot surveillance program established in health facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon in 2017 which aimed to enable detection and reporting of public health events. METHODS Cameroon's Ministry of Health, in partnership with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cameroon Pasteur Center, and National Public Health Laboratory, implemented event-based surveillance (EBS) in nine Yaoundé health facilities. Four signals were defined that could indicate possible public health events, and a reporting, triage, and verification system was established among partner organizations. A pre-defined laboratory algorithm was defined, and a series of workshops trained health facilities, laboratory, and public health staff for surveillance implementation. RESULTS From May 2017 to January 2018, 30 signals were detected, corresponding to 15 unusual respiratory events. All health facilities reported a signal at least once, and more than three-quarters of health facilities reported ≥2 times. Among specimens tested, the pathogens detected included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumocystis jiroveci, influenza A (H1N1) virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus. CONCLUSIONS The events detected in this pilot were caused by routine respiratory bacteria and viruses, and no novel influenza viruses or other emerging respiratory threats were identified. The surveillance system, however, strengthened relationships and communication linkages between health facilities and public health authorities. Astute clinicians can play a critical role in early detection and EBS is one approach that may enable reporting of emerging outbreaks and public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A. Alroy
- Division of Viral DiseasesNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Luc Christian Gwom
- Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and PandemicsMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | | | | | | | - Alexey Clara
- Division of Viral DiseasesNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Brett Whitaker
- Division of Viral DiseasesNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Henri Manga
- National Public Health LaboratoryMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | | | - Dorine Tseuko
- National Public Health LaboratoryMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | - Bienvenu Etogo
- National Public Health LaboratoryMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | - Omer Pasi
- Division of Global Health ProtectionCenter for Global HealthAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Alain Georges Etoundi
- Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and PandemicsMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | - Elise Seukap
- Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and PandemicsMinistry of HealthYaoundéCameroon
| | | | - Arunmozhi Balajee
- Division of Viral DiseasesNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
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Rathnayake D, Clarke M, Jayasooriya L. Hospital surge capacity: The importance of better hospital pre-planning to cope with patient surge during dengue epidemics – A systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2019.1692517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mike Clarke
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queens University, Belfast, UK
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Zimmerman PA, Mason M, Elder E. A healthy degree of suspicion: A discussion of the implementation of transmission based precautions in the emergency department. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 19:149-52. [PMID: 27133874 PMCID: PMC7128487 DOI: 10.1016/j.aenj.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Emergency department (ED) presentations have increased significantly domestically and internationally. Swift identification and implementation of transmission based precautions (TBP) for patients known or suspected of having an epidemiologically important pathogen is important. ED staff, particularly triage nurses, are pivotal in detecting and preventing infection, including healthcare associated infections (HAI). Methods MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed and Ovid were searched for articles published between 2004 and 2015 using key search terms: infection control/prevention and emergency department(s), triage, and transmission based precautions and emergency department(s), and triage, to identify common themes for discussion. Systematic review/meta-analysis was not in the scope of this exploration. Findings Themes were identified relating to HAI and ED practices and grouped into: assisted detection of conditions for which TBP is required, ED and TBP, mass-causality event/bioterrorism/pandemic/epidemic, infection control not TBP and multi-resistant organisms not TBP. The literature is heavily influenced by worldwide epidemic/pandemics and bioterrorist risks resulting in increased awareness of the importance of swift identification of syndromes that require TBP, but only in these situations. Conclusion Implementation of appropriate TBP, changing triage practices, training and measures to assist decision-making could assist in preventing HAI in the ED context. A systematic quantitative review of the literature is recommended to guide practice change research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peta-Anne Zimmerman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia; Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Australia.
| | - Matt Mason
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Elder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia
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Schermuly CC, Draheim M, Glasberg R, Stantchev V, Tamm G, Hartmann M, Hessel F. Human resource crises in German hospitals--an explorative study. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2015; 13:40. [PMID: 26016562 PMCID: PMC4453019 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-015-0032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complexity of providing medical care in a high-tech environment with a highly specialized, limited labour force makes hospitals more crisis-prone than other industries. An effective defence against crises is only possible if the organizational resilience and the capacity to handle crises become part of the hospitals' organizational culture. To become more resilient to crises, a raised awareness--especially in the area of human resource (HR)--is necessary. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the process robustness against crises through the identification and evaluation of relevant HR crises and their causations in hospitals. METHODS Qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to identify and evaluate crises in hospitals in the HR sector. A structured workshop with experts was conducted to identify HR crises and their descriptions, as well as causes and consequences for patients and hospitals. To evaluate the findings, an online survey was carried out to rate the occurrence (past, future) and dangerousness of each crisis. RESULTS Six HR crises were identified in this study: staff shortages, acute loss of personnel following a pandemic, damage to reputation, insufficient communication during restructuring, bullying, and misuse of drugs. The highest occurrence probability in the future was seen in staff shortages, followed by acute loss of personnel following a pandemic. Staff shortages, damage to reputation, and acute loss of personnel following a pandemic were seen as the most dangerous crises. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that coping with HR crises in hospitals is existential for hospitals and requires increased awareness. The six HR crises identified occurred regularly in German hospitals in the past, and their occurrence probability for the future was rated as high.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Draheim
- SRH Hochschule Berlin, Ernst Reuter Platz 10, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ronald Glasberg
- SRH Hochschule Berlin, Ernst Reuter Platz 10, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Gerrit Tamm
- SRH Hochschule Berlin, Ernst Reuter Platz 10, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Hartmann
- SRH Hochschule Berlin, Ernst Reuter Platz 10, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franz Hessel
- SRH Hochschule Berlin, Ernst Reuter Platz 10, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
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Rebmann T. Assessing hospital emergency management plans: a guide for infection preventionists. Am J Infect Control 2009; 37:708-14.e4. [PMID: 19699558 PMCID: PMC7132688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.04.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital emergency management plans are essential and must include input from an infection preventionist (IP). Multiple hospital planning documents exist, but many do not address infection prevention issues, combine them with noninfection prevention issues, or are disease/event specific. An all-encompassing emergency management planning guide for IPs is needed. METHODS A literature review and Internet search were conducted in December 2008. Data from relevant sources were extracted. A spreadsheet was created that delineated hospital emergency management plan components of interest to IPs. RESULTS Of the sources screened, 49 were deemed relevant. Eleven domains were identified: (1) having a plan; (2) assessing hospital readiness; (3) having infection prevention policies and procedures; (4) having occupational health policies and procedures; (5) conducting surveillance and triage; (6) reporting incidents, having a communication plan, and managing information; (7) having laboratory support; (8) addressing surge capacity issues; (9) having anti-infective therapy and/or vaccines; (10) providing infection prevention education; and (11) managing physical plant issues. CONCLUSION Infection preventionists should use this article as an assessment tool for evaluating their hospital emergency management plan and for developing policies and procedures that will decrease the risk of infection transmission during a mass casualty event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Rebmann
- Institute of Biosecurity, Saint Louis University, School of Public Health, St Louis, MO 63104, USA.
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Ippolito G, Fusco FM, Di Caro A, Nisii C, Pompa MG, Thinus G, Pletschette M, Capobianchi MR. Facing the threat of highly infectious diseases in Europe: the need for a networking approach. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:706-10. [PMID: 19486072 PMCID: PMC7128809 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years emerging and re-emerging infections, as well as the risk of bioterrorist events, have attracted increasing attention from health authorities because of the epidemic potential that renders some of them a real public health challenge. These highly infectious diseases (HIDs) are occurring more and more frequently in Europe, and despite the many initiatives in place to face them, many unsolved problems remain, and coordinated efforts for dealing with HIDs appear mandatory. Whereas uncoordinated measures would lead to only partial and poor responses to these emerging threats, networking represents a valuable approach to these diseases, in order to: (i) ensure a rapid and effective response; (ii) stimulate complementarity and prevent duplication; (iii) promote international cooperation, exchange of experience, good practice and protocols; and (iv) support the less prepared countries in the European Community.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy - WHO Collaborating Centre for clinical care, diagnosis, response and training on Highly Infectious Diseases.
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Minimizing the Impact of Complex Emergencies on Nutrition and Geriatric Health: Planning for Prevention is Key. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NUTRITION AND AGING 2009. [PMCID: PMC7121257 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Complex emergencies (CEs) can occur anywhere and are defined as crisis situations that greatly elevate the risk to nutrition and overall health (morbidity and mortality) of older individuals in the affected area. In urban areas with high population densities and heavy reliance on power-driven devices for day-to-day survival, CEs can precipitate a rapid deterioration of basic services that threatens nutritionally and medically vulnerable older adults. The major underlying threats to nutritional status for older adults during CEs are food insecurity, inadequate social support, and lack of access to health services. The most effective strategy for coping with CEs is to have detailed, individualized pre-event preparations. When a CE occurs, the immediate relief efforts focus on establishing access to food, safe water, and essential medical services.
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