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Pathare ADS, Loid M, Saare M, Gidlöf SB, Zamani Esteki M, Acharya G, Peters M, Salumets A. Endometrial receptivity in women of advanced age: an underrated factor in infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:773-793. [PMID: 37468438 PMCID: PMC10628506 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern lifestyle has led to an increase in the age at conception. Advanced age is one of the critical risk factors for female-related infertility. It is well known that maternal age positively correlates with the deterioration of oocyte quality and chromosomal abnormalities in oocytes and embryos. The effect of age on endometrial function may be an equally important factor influencing implantation rate, pregnancy rate, and overall female fertility. However, there are only a few published studies on this topic, suggesting that this area has been under-explored. Improving our knowledge of endometrial aging from the biological (cellular, molecular, histological) and clinical perspectives would broaden our understanding of the risks of age-related female infertility. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The objective of this narrative review is to critically evaluate the existing literature on endometrial aging with a focus on synthesizing the evidence for the impact of endometrial aging on conception and pregnancy success. This would provide insights into existing gaps in the clinical application of research findings and promote the development of treatment options in this field. SEARCH METHODS The review was prepared using PubMed (Medline) until February 2023 with the keywords such as 'endometrial aging', 'receptivity', 'decidualization', 'hormone', 'senescence', 'cellular', 'molecular', 'methylation', 'biological age', 'epigenetic', 'oocyte recipient', 'oocyte donation', 'embryo transfer', and 'pregnancy rate'. Articles in a language other than English were excluded. OUTCOMES In the aging endometrium, alterations occur at the molecular, cellular, and histological levels suggesting that aging has a negative effect on endometrial biology and may impair endometrial receptivity. Additionally, advanced age influences cellular senescence, which plays an important role during the initial phase of implantation and is a major obstacle in the development of suitable senolytic agents for endometrial aging. Aging is also accountable for chronic conditions associated with inflammaging, which eventually can lead to increased pro-inflammation and tissue fibrosis. Furthermore, advanced age influences epigenetic regulation in the endometrium, thus altering the relation between its epigenetic and chronological age. The studies in oocyte donation cycles to determine the effect of age on endometrial receptivity with respect to the rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth have revealed contradictory inferences indicating the need for future research on the mechanisms and corresponding causal effects of women's age on endometrial receptivity. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Increasing age can be accountable for female infertility and IVF failures. Based on the complied observations and synthesized conclusions in this review, advanced age has been shown to have a negative impact on endometrial functioning. This information can provide recommendations for future research focusing on molecular mechanisms of age-related cellular senescence, cellular composition, and transcriptomic changes in relation to endometrial aging. Additionally, further prospective research is needed to explore newly emerging therapeutic options, such as the senolytic agents that can target endometrial aging without affecting decidualization. Moreover, clinical trial protocols, focusing on oocyte donation cycles, would be beneficial in understanding the direct clinical implications of endometrial aging on pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta D S Pathare
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marina Loid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Merli Saare
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sebastian Brusell Gidlöf
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maire Peters
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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González-Bermúdez B, Kobayashi H, Abarca-Ortega A, Córcoles-Lucas M, González-Sánchez M, De la Fuente M, Guinea GV, Elices M, Plaza GR. Aging is accompanied by T-cell stiffening and reduced interstitial migration through dysfunctional nuclear organization. Immunology 2022; 167:622-639. [PMID: 36054660 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated changes in T-cell function play a central role in immunosenescence. The role of aging in the decreased T-cell repertoire, primarily because of thymic involution, has been extensively studied. However, increasing evidence indicates that aging also modulates the mechanical properties of cells and the internal ordering of diverse cell components. Cellular functions are generally dictated by the biophysical phenotype of cells, which itself is also tightly regulated at the molecular level. Based on previous evidence suggesting that the relative nuclear size contributes to variations of T-cell stiffness, here we examined whether age-associated changes in T-cell migration are dictated by biophysical parameters, in part through nuclear cytoskeleton organization and cell deformability. In this study, we first performed longitudinal analyses of a repertoire of 111 functional, biophysical and biomolecular features of the nucleus and cytoskeleton of mice CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in both naive and memory state. Focusing on the pairwise correlations, we found that age-related changes in nuclear architecture and internal ordering were correlated with T-cell stiffening and declined interstitial migration. A similarity analysis confirmed that cell-to-cell variation was a direct result of the aging process and we applied regression models to identify biomarkers that can accurately estimate individuals' age. Finally, we propose a biophysical model for a comprehensive understanding of the results: aging involves an evolution of the relative nuclear size, in part through DNA-hypomethylation and nuclear lamin B1, which implies an increased cell stiffness, thus inducing a decline in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca González-Bermúdez
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hikaru Kobayashi
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aldo Abarca-Ortega
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Córcoles-Lucas
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica González-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo V Guinea
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Elices
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo R Plaza
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Metzner K, Darawsha O, Wang M, Gaur N, Cheng Y, Rödiger A, Frahm C, Witte OW, Perocchi F, Axer H, Grosskreutz J, Brill MS. Age-dependent increase of cytoskeletal components in sensory axons in human skin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:965382. [PMID: 36393849 PMCID: PMC9664158 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.965382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process characterized by several molecular and cellular imbalances. The composition and stability of the neuronal cytoskeleton is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis, especially in long neurites. Using human skin biopsies containing sensory axons from a cohort of healthy individuals, we investigate alterations in cytoskeletal content and sensory axon caliber during aging via quantitative immunostainings. Cytoskeletal components show an increase with aging in both sexes, while elevation in axon diameter is only evident in males. Transcriptomic data from aging males illustrate various patterns in gene expression during aging. Together, the data suggest gender-specific changes during aging in peripheral sensory axons, possibly influencing cytoskeletal functionality and axonal caliber. These changes may cumulatively increase susceptibility of aged individuals to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Metzner
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Omar Darawsha
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mengzhe Wang
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nayana Gaur
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,Laboratory Animal Centre, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yiming Cheng
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christiane Frahm
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W. Witte
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabiana Perocchi
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Hubertus Axer
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Grosskreutz
- Precision Neurology of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,PMI Cluster, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Monika S. Brill
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,*Correspondence: Monika S. Brill,
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4
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Possibilities of using T-cell biophysical biomarkers of ageing. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 24:e35. [PMID: 36111609 PMCID: PMC9884748 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is interrelated with the development of immunosenescence. This article focuses on one of the cell sets of the adaptive immune system, T cells, and provides a review of the known changes in T cells associated with ageing. Such fundamental changes affect both cell molecular content and internal ordering. However, acquiring a complete description of the changes at these levels would require extensive measurements of parameters and, furthermore, important fine details of the internal ordering that may be difficult to detect. Therefore, an alternative approach for the characterisation of cells consists of the performance of physical measurements of the whole cell, such as deformability measurements or migration measurements: the physical parameters, complementing the commonly used chemical biomarkers, may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of T-cell states during ageing. Mechanical measurements, among other biophysical measurements, have the advantage of their relative simplicity: one single parameter agglutinates the complex effects of the variety of changes that gradually appear in cells during ageing.
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5
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Identification of a modulator of the actin cytoskeleton, mitochondria, nutrient metabolism and lifespan in yeast. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2706. [PMID: 35577788 PMCID: PMC9110415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In yeast, actin cables are F-actin bundles that are essential for cell division through their function as tracks for cargo movement from mother to daughter cell. Actin cables also affect yeast lifespan by promoting transport and inheritance of higher-functioning mitochondria to daughter cells. Here, we report that actin cable stability declines with age. Our genome-wide screen for genes that affect actin cable stability identified the open reading frame YKL075C. Deletion of YKL075C results in increases in actin cable stability and abundance, mitochondrial fitness, and replicative lifespan. Transcriptome analysis revealed a role for YKL075C in regulating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism. Consistent with this, modulation of BCAA metabolism or decreasing leucine levels promotes actin cable stability and function in mitochondrial quality control. Our studies support a role for actin stability in yeast lifespan, and demonstrate that this process is controlled by BCAA and a previously uncharacterized ORF YKL075C, which we refer to as actin, aging and nutrient modulator protein 1 (AAN1). Actin cables affect lifespan by supporting movement and inheritance of fitter mitochondria to daughter cells in yeast. Here the authors show that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels affect actin cable stability and a role for YKL075C/AAN1 in control of BCAA metabolism and actin cable stability and function.
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6
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Rickenbach C, Gericke C. Specificity of Adaptive Immune Responses in Central Nervous System Health, Aging and Diseases. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:806260. [PMID: 35126045 PMCID: PMC8812614 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.806260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of neuroimmunology endorses the involvement of the adaptive immune system in central nervous system (CNS) health, disease, and aging. While immune cell trafficking into the CNS is highly regulated, small numbers of antigen-experienced lymphocytes can still enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled compartments for regular immune surveillance under homeostatic conditions. Meningeal lymphatics facilitate drainage of brain-derived antigens from the CSF to deep cervical lymph nodes to prime potential adaptive immune responses. During aging and CNS disorders, brain barriers and meningeal lymphatic functions are impaired, and immune cell trafficking and antigen efflux are altered. In this context, alterations in the immune cell repertoire of blood and CSF and T and B cells primed against CNS-derived autoantigens have been observed in various CNS disorders. However, for many diseases, a causal relationship between observed immune responses and neuropathological findings is lacking. Here, we review recent discoveries about the association between the adaptive immune system and CNS disorders such as autoimmune neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. We focus on the current challenges in identifying specific T cell epitopes in CNS diseases and discuss the potential implications for future diagnostic and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rickenbach
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gericke
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
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7
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Srinivasan J, Lancaster JN, Singarapu N, Hale LP, Ehrlich LIR, Richie ER. Age-Related Changes in Thymic Central Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:676236. [PMID: 33968086 PMCID: PMC8100025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and hematopoietic antigen presenting cells (HAPCs) in the thymus microenvironment provide essential signals to self-reactive thymocytes that induce either negative selection or generation of regulatory T cells (Treg), both of which are required to establish and maintain central tolerance throughout life. HAPCs and TECs are comprised of multiple subsets that play distinct and overlapping roles in central tolerance. Changes that occur in the composition and function of TEC and HAPC subsets across the lifespan have potential consequences for central tolerance. In keeping with this possibility, there are age-associated changes in the cellular composition and function of T cells and Treg. This review summarizes changes in T cell and Treg function during the perinatal to adult transition and in the course of normal aging, and relates these changes to age-associated alterations in thymic HAPC and TEC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Srinivasan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | | | - Nandini Singarapu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
| | - Laura P Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lauren I R Ehrlich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ellen R Richie
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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8
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Ferrari S, Pesce M. Stiffness and Aging in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Dangerous Relationship between Force and Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3404. [PMID: 33810253 PMCID: PMC8037660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is a process associated with a gradual decline in tissues' homeostasis based on the progressive inability of the cells to self-renew. Cellular senescence is one of the hallmarks of the aging process, characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, telomeres shortening, chronic inflammatory activation, and chromatin modifications. In this review, we will describe the effects of senescence on tissue structure, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, and nucleus architecture, and see how these changes affect (are affected by) mechano-transduction. In our view, this is essential for a deeper understanding of the progressive pathological evolution of the cardiovascular system and its relationship with the detrimental effects of risk factors, known to act at an epigenetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ferrari
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS), 20138 Milan, Italy;
- PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Università degli studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS), 20138 Milan, Italy;
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9
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Kim E, Cho S. CNS and peripheral immunity in cerebral ischemia: partition and interaction. Exp Neurol 2021; 335:113508. [PMID: 33065078 PMCID: PMC7750306 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke elicits excessive immune activation in the injured brain tissue. This well-recognized neural inflammation in the brain is not just an intrinsic organ response but also a result of additional intricate interactions between infiltrating peripheral immune cells and the resident immune cells in the affected areas. Given that there is a finite number of immune cells in the organism at the time of stroke, the partitioned immune systems of the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery must appropriately distribute the limited pool of immune cells between the two domains, mounting a necessary post-stroke inflammatory response by supplying a sufficient number of immune cells into the brain while maintaining peripheral immunity. Stroke pathophysiology has mainly been neurocentric in focus, but understanding the distinct roles of the CNS and peripheral immunity in their concerted action against ischemic insults is crucial. This review will discuss stroke-induced influences of the peripheral immune system on CNS injury/repair and of neural inflammation on peripheral immunity, and how comorbidity influences each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Kim
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sunghee Cho
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, United States of America; Feil Brain Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America.
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10
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Bajpai A, Li R, Chen W. The cellular mechanobiology of aging: from biology to mechanics. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1491:3-24. [PMID: 33231326 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a chronic, complicated process that leads to degenerative physical and biological changes in living organisms. Aging is associated with permanent, gradual physiological cellular decay that affects all aspects of cellular mechanobiological features, including cellular cytoskeleton structures, mechanosensitive signaling pathways, and forces in the cell, as well as the cell's ability to sense and adapt to extracellular biomechanical signals in the tissue environment through mechanotransduction. These mechanobiological changes in cells are directly or indirectly responsible for dysfunctions and diseases in various organ systems, including the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, skin, and immune systems. This review critically examines the role of aging in the progressive decline of the mechanobiology occurring in cells, and establishes mechanistic frameworks to understand the mechanobiological effects of aging on disease progression and to develop new strategies for halting and reversing the aging process. Our review also highlights the recent development of novel bioengineering approaches for studying the key mechanobiological mechanisms in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apratim Bajpai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
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11
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Hall CM, Moeendarbary E, Sheridan GK. Mechanobiology of the brain in ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:3851-3878. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M. Hall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences University of Brighton Brighton UK
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA
| | - Graham K. Sheridan
- School of Life Sciences Queens Medical Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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12
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Nikolich-Žugich J. The twilight of immunity: emerging concepts in aging of the immune system. Nat Immunol 2017; 19:10-19. [PMID: 29242543 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-017-0006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 601] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a series of age-related changes that affect the immune system and, with time, lead to increased vulnerability to infectious diseases. This Review addresses recent developments in the understanding of age-related changes that affect key components of immunity, including the effect of aging on cells of the (mostly adaptive) immune system, on soluble molecules that guide the maintenance and function of the immune system and on lymphoid organs that coordinate both the maintenance of lymphocytes and the initiation of immune responses. I further address the effect of the metagenome and exposome as key modifiers of immune-system aging and discuss a conceptual framework in which age-related changes in immunity might also affect the basic rules by which the immune system operates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janko Nikolich-Žugich
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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13
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Gardner JK, Mamotte CD, Jackaman C, Nelson DJ. Modulation of dendritic cell and T cell cross-talk during aging: The potential role of checkpoint inhibitory molecules. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 38:40-51. [PMID: 28736117 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) undergo continuous changes throughout life, and there is evidence that elderly DCs have a reduced capacity to stimulate T cells, which may contribute to impaired anti-tumour immune responses in elderly people with cancer. Changes in checkpoint inhibitory molecules/pathways during aging may be one mechanism that impairs the ability of elderly DCs to activate T cells. However, little is currently known regarding the combined effects of aging and cancer on DC and T cell inhibitory molecules/pathways. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the influence of aging and cancer on key DC and T cell inhibitory molecules/pathways, the potential underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to their modulation, and the possibility of therapeutically targeting inhibitory molecules in elderly cancer patients.
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14
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Impact of aging on calcium influx and potassium channel characteristics of T lymphocytes. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13750-6. [PMID: 25948778 PMCID: PMC4537047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immunity and T cell function are affected by aging. Calcium influx patterns, regulated by Kv1.3 and IKCa1 potassium channels, influence T cell activation. We aimed to compare calcium influx kinetics in CD8, Th1 and Th2 cells in human peripheral blood samples obtained from five different age groups (cord blood, 10-15 ys, 25-40 ys, 45-55 ys, 60-75 ys). We measured calcium influx using flow cytometry in samples treated with or without specific inhibitors of Kv1.3 and IKCa1 channels (MGTX and TRAM, respectively). Calcium influx was higher in Th1 cells of adults, however, its extent decreased again with aging. Importantly, these changes were not detected in Th2 cells, where the pattern of calcium influx kinetics is similar throughout all investigated age groups. MGTX had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on calcium influx in Th2 cells, while in Th1 cells the same was true for TRAM in the 25-40 ys and 45-55 ys groups. Calcium influx of CD8 cells were inhibited to a similar extent by both applied inhibitors in these groups, and had no effect in the elderly. Altered lymphocyte potassium channel inhibitory patterns, regulators of calcium influx kinetics, might contribute to the development of age-related changes of T cell function.
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Richner JM, Gmyrek GB, Govero J, Tu Y, van der Windt GJW, Metcalf TU, Haddad EK, Textor J, Miller MJ, Diamond MS. Age-Dependent Cell Trafficking Defects in Draining Lymph Nodes Impair Adaptive Immunity and Control of West Nile Virus Infection. PLoS Pathog 2015. [PMID: 26204259 PMCID: PMC4512688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired immune responses in the elderly lead to reduced vaccine efficacy and increased susceptibility to viral infections. Although several groups have documented age-dependent defects in adaptive immune priming, the deficits that occur prior to antigen encounter remain largely unexplored. Herein, we identify novel mechanisms for compromised adaptive immunity that occurs with aging in the context of infection with West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic flavivirus that preferentially causes disease in the elderly. An impaired IgM and IgG response and enhanced vulnerability to WNV infection during aging was linked to delayed germinal center formation in the draining lymph node (DLN). Adoptive transfer studies and two-photon intravital microscopy revealed a decreased trafficking capacity of donor naïve CD4+ T cells from old mice, which manifested as impaired T cell diapedesis at high endothelial venules and reduced cell motility within DLN prior to antigen encounter. Furthermore, leukocyte accumulation in the DLN within the first few days of WNV infection or antigen-adjuvant administration was diminished more generally in old mice and associated with a second aging-related defect in local cytokine and chemokine production. Thus, age-dependent cell-intrinsic and environmental defects in the DLN result in delayed immune cell recruitment and antigen recognition. These deficits compromise priming of early adaptive immune responses and likely contribute to the susceptibility of old animals to acute WNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Richner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Grzegorz B. Gmyrek
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Govero
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yizheng Tu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gerritje J. W. van der Windt
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Talibah U. Metcalf
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, United States of America
| | - Elias K. Haddad
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, United States of America
| | - Johannes Textor
- Department of Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Morgan JT, Raghunathan VK, Chang YR, Murphy CJ, Russell P. The intrinsic stiffness of human trabecular meshwork cells increases with senescence. Oncotarget 2015; 6:15362-74. [PMID: 25915531 PMCID: PMC4558157 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the human trabecular meshwork (HTM) plays a central role in the age-associated disease glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness. The etiology remains poorly understood but cellular senescence, increased stiffness of the tissue, and the expression of Wnt antagonists such as secreted frizzled related protein-1 (SFRP1) have been implicated. However, it is not known if senescence is causally linked to either stiffness or SFRP1 expression. In this study, we utilized in vitro HTM senescence to determine the effect on cellular stiffening and SFRP1 expression. Stiffness of cultured cells was measured using atomic force microscopy and the morphology of the cytoskeleton was determined using immunofluorescent analysis. SFRP1 expression was measured using qPCR and immunofluorescent analysis. Senescent cell stiffness increased 1.88±0.14 or 2.57±0.14 fold in the presence or absence of serum, respectively. This was accompanied by increased vimentin expression, stress fiber formation, and SFRP1 expression. In aggregate, these data demonstrate that senescence may be a causal factor in HTM stiffening and elevated SFRP1 expression, and contribute towards disease progression. These findings provide insight into the etiology of glaucoma and, more broadly, suggest a causal link between senescence and altered tissue biomechanics in aging-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T. Morgan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Vijay Krishna Raghunathan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yow-Ren Chang
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J. Murphy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology &; Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paul Russell
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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17
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González-Granado JM, Silvestre-Roig C, Rocha-Perugini V, Trigueros-Motos L, Cibrián D, Morlino G, Blanco-Berrocal M, Osorio FG, Freije JMP, López-Otín C, Sánchez-Madrid F, Andrés V. Nuclear envelope lamin-A couples actin dynamics with immunological synapse architecture and T cell activation. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra37. [PMID: 24757177 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In many cell types, nuclear A-type lamins regulate multiple cellular functions, including higher-order genome organization, DNA replication and repair, gene transcription, and signal transduction; however, their role in specialized immune cells remains largely unexplored. We showed that the abundance of A-type lamins was almost negligible in resting naïve T lymphocytes, but was increased upon activation of the T cell receptor (TCR). The increase in lamin-A was an early event that accelerated formation of the immunological synapse between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Polymerization of F-actin in T cells is a critical step for immunological synapse formation, and lamin-A interacted with the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex to promote F-actin polymerization. We also showed that lamin-A expression accelerated TCR clustering and led to enhanced downstream signaling, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling, as well as increased target gene expression. Pharmacological inhibition of the ERK pathway reduced lamin-A-dependent T cell activation. Moreover, mice lacking lamin-A in immune cells exhibited impaired T cell responses in vivo. These findings underscore the importance of A-type lamins for TCR activation and identify lamin-A as a previously unappreciated regulator of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María González-Granado
- Department of Epidemiology, Atherothrombosis and Imaging, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Silvestre-Roig
- Department of Epidemiology, Atherothrombosis and Imaging, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vera Rocha-Perugini
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation. CNIC, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Trigueros-Motos
- Department of Epidemiology, Atherothrombosis and Imaging, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Danay Cibrián
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation. CNIC, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Morlino
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation. CNIC, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Blanco-Berrocal
- Department of Epidemiology, Atherothrombosis and Imaging, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Garcia Osorio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo-IUOPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo-IUOPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Vascular Biology and Inflammation. CNIC, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Department of Epidemiology, Atherothrombosis and Imaging, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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18
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CD4 T cell defects in the aged: causes, consequences and strategies to circumvent. Exp Gerontol 2014; 54:67-70. [PMID: 24440384 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aging leads to reduced immunity, especially adaptive responses. A key deficiency is the poor ability to mount robust antibody response. Although intrinsic alterations in B cells with age are in part responsible, impaired CD4 T cell help makes a major contribution to the poor antibody response. Other CD4 effector responses and memory generation are also impaired. We find delayed and reduced development of CD4 T follicular help (Tfh) cells in aged mice in response to influenza infection with reduction of long-lived plasma cells. When we examine CD4 subsets we also find a shift towards Th1 and cytotoxic CD4 (ThCTL) responses. We summarize strategies to circumvent the CD4 T cell defect in aged, including adjuvants and proinflammatory cytokines. We find that we can strongly enhance responses of aged naïve CD4 T cells by using Toll-like receptor (TLR) activated dendritic cells (DC) as APC in vivo and that this leads to improved germinal center B cells and IgG antibody responses. The enhanced response of aged naïve CD4 T cells is dependent on IL-6 produced by the DC.
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19
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Perkey E, Fingar D, Miller RA, Garcia GG. Increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 signaling promotes age-related decline in CD4 T cell signaling and function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4648-55. [PMID: 24078700 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CD4 T cell function declines significantly during aging. Although the mammalian target of rapamycin (TOR) has been implicated in aging, the roles of the TOR complexes (TORC1, TORC2) in the functional declines of CD4 T cells remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that aging increases TORC2 signaling in murine CD4 T cells, a change blocked by long-term exposure to rapamycin, suggesting that functional defects may be the result of enhanced TORC2 function. Using overexpression of Rheb to activate TORC1 and Rictor plus Sin1 to augment TORC2 in naive CD4 T cells from young mice, we demonstrated that increased TORC2, but not TORC1, signaling results in aging-associated biochemical changes. Furthermore, elevated TORC2 signaling in naive CD4 T cells from young mice leads to in vivo functional declines. The data presented in this article suggest a novel model in which aging increases TORC2 signaling and leads to CD4 T cell defects in old mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Perkey
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan College of Literature, Science and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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20
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Montecino-Rodriguez E, Berent-Maoz B, Dorshkind K. Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:958-65. [PMID: 23454758 DOI: 10.1172/jci64096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of aging on the immune system are manifest at multiple levels that include reduced production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus and diminished function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues. As a result, elderly individuals do not respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young. An important goal of aging research is to define the cellular changes that occur in the immune system and the molecular events that underlie them. Considerable progress has been made in this regard, and this information has provided the rationale for clinical trials to rejuvenate the aging immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encarnacion Montecino-Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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21
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ThyagaRajan S, Madden KS, Boehm GW, Stevens SY, Felten DL, Bellinger DL. L-Deprenyl reverses age-associated decline in splenic norepinephrine, interleukin-2 and interferon-γ production in old female F344 rats. Neuroimmunomodulation 2013. [PMID: 23207416 PMCID: PMC3695399 DOI: 10.1159/000345043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aging in female rats is associated with cessation of reproductive cycles, development of mammary cancer, and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases. Previously, we demonstrated an age-related decline in sympathetic noradrenergic (NA) innervation in the spleen and lymph nodes of female F344 rats accompanied by significantly reduced natural killer cell activity, interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ production, and T- and B-cell proliferation, suggesting possible links between sympathetic activity and immunosenescence. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of L-(-)-deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, on the sympathetic nervous system and cell-mediated immune responses in old female rats. METHODS Low doses of L-deprenyl (0.25 or 1.0 mg/kg body weight, BW) were administered intraperitoneally to 19- to 21-month-old female F344 rats for 8 weeks. To assess the stereoselectivity of the effects of deprenyl on splenic sympathetic activity and immune responses, the D-enantiomer (D-(+)-deprenyl; 1.0 mg/kg BW) was also included in the studies. Norepinephrine (NE) concentration and content, and mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation and cytokine production were assessed in the splenocytes after deprenyl treatment. RESULTS Treatment with L-deprenyl reversed the age-related decrease in NE concentration and content and IFN-γ production, and increased IL-2 production in the spleen while D-deprenyl did not affect the age-associated reduction in splenic NE levels or cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that L-deprenyl exerts neurorestorative and immunostimulatory effects on the sympathetic nervous system and cell-mediated immune responses during aging and provides evidence for a causal relationship between some aspects of immunosenescence and the age-related decline in sympathetic nerves in the spleens of female F344 rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350
- Corresponding author and Present address: Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, INDIA, , Phone: 91-9940201794
| | - Kelley S. Madden
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Gary W. Boehm
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129
| | - Suzanne Y. Stevens
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - David L. Felten
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI 48073
| | - Denise L. Bellinger
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350
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22
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Perkey E, Miller RA, Garcia GG. Ex vivo enzymatic treatment of aged CD4 T cells restores cognate T cell helper function and enhances antibody production in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:5582-9. [PMID: 23136198 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies showed that CD4 T cells from old mice have defects in TCR signaling, immune synapse formation, activation, and proliferation. We reported that removing a specific set of surface glycoproteins by ex vivo treatment with O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (OSGE) can reverse many aspects of the age-related decline in CD4 T cell function. However, the specific mechanism by which this process occurs remains unclear, and it is unknown whether this enzymatic treatment can also restore important aspects of adaptive immunity in vivo. By using an in vivo model of the immune response based on adoptive transfer of CD4 T cells from pigeon cytochrome C-specific transgenic H-2(k/k) TCR-Vα(11)Vβ(3) CD4(+) mice to syngeneic hosts, we demonstrate that aging diminishes CD28 costimulatory signals in CD4 T cells. These age-associated defects include changes in phosphorylation of AKT and expression of glucose transporter type I, inducible T cell costimulatory molecule, and CD40L, suggesting that the lack of CD28 costimulation contributes to age-dependent loss of CD4 function. All of these deficits can be reversed by ex vivo OSGE treatment. Blocking B7-CD28 interactions on T cells prevents OSGE-mediated restoration of T cell function, suggesting that changes in surface glycosylation, including CD28, may be responsible for the age-related costimulation decline. Finally, we show that the age-related decline in CD4 cognate helper function for IgG production and long-term humoral immunity can also be restored by OSGE treatment of CD4 T cells prior to adoptive transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Perkey
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan College of Literature, Science and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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23
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Abstract
Higher morbidity and mortality following infections, particularly influenza, is observed in the elderly population. Because of this, people over 65 years old are often targeted for preventive immunization. Many vaccines, however, are not as effective in generating protective antibodies in older individuals. CD4+ T cells, through their B cell helper functions, play a central role in the humoral response. Aging has deleterious effects on the immune system, and understanding how aging impairs CD4+ T cell functions is of critical importance to design new immunization and treatment strategies targeted to the elderly population. In this paper, we review some of the qualitative and quantitative changes in the CD4+ T cell compartment that arise with aging. We also summarize the age-related intrinsic defects that impact naïve, memory and regulatory CD4+ T cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie S Lefebvre
- Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin ave, Saranac Lake, NY, 12983, USA
| | - Laura Haynes
- Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin ave, Saranac Lake, NY, 12983, USA
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Goronzy JJ, Li G, Yu M, Weyand CM. Signaling pathways in aged T cells - a reflection of T cell differentiation, cell senescence and host environment. Semin Immunol 2012; 24:365-72. [PMID: 22560928 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
With increasing age, the ability of the immune system to protect against new antigenic challenges or to control chronic infections erodes. Decline in thymic function and cumulating antigenic experiences of acute and chronic infections threaten T cell homeostasis, but insufficiently explain the failing immune competence and the increased susceptibility for autoimmunity. Alterations in signaling pathways in the aging T cells account for many of the age-related defects. Signaling threshold calibrations seen with aging frequently built on mechanisms that are operational in T cell development and T cell differentiation or are adaptations to the changing environment in the aging host. Age-related changes in transcription of receptors and signaling molecules shift the balance towards inhibitory pathways, most dominantly seen in CD8 T cells and to a lesser degree in CD4 T cells. Prominent examples are the expression of negative regulatory receptors of the CD28 and the TNF receptor superfamilies as well the expression of various cytoplasmic and nuclear dual-specific phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg J Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
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25
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Impairment of non-muscle myosin IIA in human CD4+ T cells contributes to functional deficits in the elderly. Cell Mol Immunol 2011; 9:86-96. [PMID: 21983869 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2011.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological aging imposes significant alterations in the repertoire of T cells and all associated functions. Although several studies have reported defects upon antigen-induced activation of T cells during aging, the molecular mechanisms that control T-cell receptor (TCR) downmodulation remain to be fully defined. While previous studies have assessed the role of F-actin in regulating activation-induced TCR internalization, few have delineated the roles of motor proteins, such as non-muscle myosin IIA (NMMIIA). In this study, we describe a series of experiments supporting the hypothesis that effective TCR downmodulation requires not only efficient reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, but also functional NMMIIA. For the first time, we show that CD4(+) T cells from elderly human donors have dysfunctional NMMIIA that contributes to delaying activation-induced TCR internalization and impairing calcium mobilization. Additionally, our results demonstrate that chemical inhibition of NMMIIA in CD4(+) T cells from young donors also results in complete abrogation of TCR internalization, strongly supporting the fundamental role of NMMIIA in modulating this event. Recent observations that the generation of an efficient T-cell response requires migration prompted us to investigate whether NMMIIA also plays a regulatory role in CD4(+) T-cell migration. We show that chemical inhibition of NMMIIA downmodulates chemotactic migration in CD4(+) T cells from both young and elderly donors. Together, these data demonstrate a significant contribution of dysfunctional NMMIIA to TCR-mediated functional defects during aging.
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26
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Haynes L, Lefebvre JS. Age-related Deficiencies in Antigen-Specific CD4 T cell Responses: Lessons from Mouse Models. Aging Dis 2011; 2:374-381. [PMID: 22396889 PMCID: PMC3295078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in elderly populations. One of the major contributing factors to this is age-related declines in the immune system that diminish the response o both infections and vaccinations. In order to understand how specific changes in the immune system influence the generation of immunity in older individuals, immunologists have developed aging mouse models that allow for experimental manipulation of immune system components. These models have shown that there are dramatic age-related changes in naive CD4 T cell function that have the potential to impact a myriad of immune responses. In this review, we will summarize these findings on the intrinsic changes in CD4 T cell function and discuss how these changes influence immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Haynes
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Laura Haynes, Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin Ave, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA.
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