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Guo Y, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Zhou T, Lan B, Song L. Simultaneous annihilation of microorganisms and volatile organic compounds from municipal solid waste storage rooms with slightly acidic electrolyzed water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113414. [PMID: 34351303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Great deal pathogenic bacteria and malodorous gases are hidden in municipal solid waste (MSW), which poses excellent environmental sanitation risks for sanitation workers and residents, and preventive measures should be implemented. In this study, the simultaneous annihilation of microorganisms and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) was investigated in an MSW storage room of a residential community in Shanghai, China. The microbial population of airborne, surfaces and handles of waste bins, hands of sanitation workers and the main components of VOCs were measured. The results indicated that the bacterial reduction efficiencies of SAEW with an available chlorine concentration (ACC) of 50-100 mg/L on surfaces and handles of waste bins and sanitation workers' hands were 22.7%-84.1%. Also, SAEW effectively reduced the average population of airborne bacteria and fungi by 358 and 378 colony-forming units (CFU)/m3 and decreased the detection rates of coliforms by 14.2%-51.9%. The concentrations of most VOCs were reduced by 21.4%-88.3% after spraying SAEW. And the accumulated values of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks also tended to decrease with spraying SAEW. These findings imply that SAEW has significant application potential to control environmental sanitation risks in MSW storage rooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Zihan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Bin Lan
- Bidolon Environmental Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 289 Fuxi Rd. (No. 8), Shanghai, 201508, PR China.
| | - Lijie Song
- Shanghai Environmental Engineering Design Research Institute, 345 Shilong Rd. (No. 11), Shanghai, 200232, PR China.
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Snitka V, Batiuskaite D, Bruzaite I, Lafont U, Butenko Y, Semprimoschnig C. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors for biomedical and molecular detection applications in space. CEAS SPACE JOURNAL 2021; 13:509-520. [PMID: 34777619 PMCID: PMC7938280 DOI: 10.1007/s12567-021-00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The detection of molecular traces in the environment is a technical problem that is critical in pollutant control procedures at all stages of spacecraft assembly, in space flight, as well as in other technological processes such as food production, medical diagnostics, environmental control, warfare. However, in the aerospace industry, it is necessary to detect molecular traces of contaminants with extreme sensitivity, as even concentrations as low as part-per-billion (ppb) can be critical during long missions. The high sensitivity of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) detection within the air can be a challenge because of the poor affinity of VOC's to the metal surface of the sensor substrate. In this work, we present a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy technique as a highly sensitive and selective molecular sensor for gas trace detection not sensitive to molecules adsorbtion on sensing element. The developed hybrid SERS platform for molecular trace detection is supported by the hybrid nanoplasmonic porous silicon membrane in conjunction with micropump to achieve the trace level detection of VOCs in the environment. The combination of silicon membrane, made by electrochemical etching of the microchannels in the silicon chip, with chemical deposition of the silver nanoparticles inside the channels, produce a porous Ag nanoparticles membrane with a high density of plasmonic nanostructures ("hot spots"). The micropump integrated with the SERS sensor, pump the air with VOC's molecules through the plasmonic membrane "hot spots" to increase the probability of interaction of VOC's molecules with SERS substrate and to increase the enhancement factor. The sensor chip structure was designed, gas flow in the sensor was simulated, and the sensor was fabricated using 3D printing. The limit of detection of hydrazine with concentration level 10-12 M from solution and the vapor phase 0.1 ppm was demonstrated. The anisole vapors with concentration 0.5 ppb spectra in the air were recorded. Our results demonstrate that plasmonic membrane can be used as a high enhancement factor SERS sensor for many pollutants molecules detection with the nanomolar sensitivity and can be applied in the design of sensors for space applications, environment control, biomedical diagnostic. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12567-021-00356-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentinas Snitka
- Research Center for Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 65, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Danute Batiuskaite
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 58 K.Donelaicio str., 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Bruzaite
- Research Center for Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu 65, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ugo Lafont
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Yuriy Butenko
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Semprimoschnig
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
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Kong X, Liu J, Ren L, Song M, Wang X, Ni Z, Nie X. Identification and characterization of odorous gas emission from a full-scale food waste anaerobic digestion plant in China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:624. [PMID: 26364066 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Odorous gas emission characteristic along with the successive processes of a typical full-scale food waste (FW) anaerobic digestion plant in China was investigated in September and January. Seasonal variations in pollutant concentration and principal component analysis (PCA) showed markedly different characteristics between the two months. However, the main reason for the seasonal difference at the sorting process differed from the reason for the seasonal difference at other treatment units. Most odorous volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations tested near an anaerobic digestion tank were similar and low in both months. Odor indices, including odor contribution (OC) and odor activity value (OAV) of various odorants, were further calculated to evaluate the malodor degree and contribution to the nuisance smell of any odorant. Brought about by people's different dietary habits, H2S and sulfocompounds were found to be dominant contributors to the large total OVA in the January test. By contrast, oxygenated organic compounds played an important role on the sum of OVA in September.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Kong
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Lianhai Ren
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Minying Song
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Ni
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Nie
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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Phan NT, Kim KH, Jeon EC, Kim UH, Sohn JR, Pandey SK. Analysis of volatile organic compounds released during food decaying processes. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:1683-1692. [PMID: 21541778 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, styrene, and o- xylene released during food decaying processes were measured from three types of decaying food samples (Kimchi (KC), fresh fish (FF), and salted fish (SF)). To begin with, all the food samples were contained in a 100-mL throwaway syringe. These samples were then analyzed sequentially for up to a 14-day period. The patterns of VOC release contrasted sharply between two types of fish (FF and SF) and KC samples. A comparison of data in terms of total VOC showed that the mean values for the two fish types were in the similar magnitude with 280 ± 579 (FF) and 504 ± 1,089 ppmC (SF), while that for KC was much lower with 16.4 ± 7.6 ppmC. There were strong variations in VOC emission patterns during the food decaying processes between fishes and KC that are characterized most sensitively by such component as styrene. The overall results of this study indicate that concentration levels of the VOCs differed significantly between the food types and with the extent of decaying levels through time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu-Thuc Phan
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 98 Gun Ja Dong, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
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Kim KH, Pal R, Ahn JW, Kim YH. Food decay and offensive odorants: a comparative analysis among three types of food. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 29:1265-1273. [PMID: 19042117 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a list of offensive odorants including reduced sulfur, carbonyls, nitrogenous, and volatile organic compounds was measured by the indirect (instrumental) method during the decay processes of three food types (snipe egg, mackerel, and squid). The strengths of the odor release were also quantified in terms of dilution-to-threshold (D/T) ratio based on the air dilution sensory test. To collect odor samples for each food type, decaying experiments were conducted in 100mL throwaway syringes for 1 month. The results showed that ammonia had the largest mean ranging from 385 ppm (fish) to 554 ppm (egg). However, most odorants generally fell in the range of 0.01-10 ppm, regardless of food type. The odor strengths measured with the suprathreshold method in terms of average D/T values increased on the order of 33,520 (egg), 202,330 (fish), and 766,330 (squid). These results were highly comparable to the patterns of odor indices derived by empirical conversion of odorant concentration data. The overall results of this study thus suggest that a unique pattern of odor release develops among different odorants as well as food type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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JUN SOOJIN, SASTRY SUDHIR. MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF OHMIC HEATING OF FOODS INSIDE A FLEXIBLE PACKAGE. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2005.00032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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