1
|
Oliveira FFD, de Almeida SS, Smith MC, Bertolucci PHF. Behavioural effects of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism in Alzheimer's disease depend upon stratification according to APOE-ϵ4 carrier status. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2021; 26:293-305. [PMID: 34034613 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1931085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The inherited risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is genetically determined. We aimed to examine associations of genetic variants of APOE and ACE with age at AD onset and with neuropsychiatric symptoms according to each dementia stage.Methods: Consecutive outpatients with AD were assessed for demographic features, Clinical Dementia Rating scores, and the 10-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and genotyped for rs7412 and rs429358 (APOE haplotypes, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reactions), and the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism (Polymerase Chain Reactions). Combined genetic variants of APOE and ACE were associated with age at dementia onset, and with neuropsychiatric symptoms in each dementia stage (adjusted for sex and age at dementia onset).Results: Over two-thirds of the 238 patients were women, whereas the mean age at dementia onset was 73.82 ± 6.2 years-old. APOE-ϵ4/ϵ4 carriers had earlier dementia onset (p<.001). The ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p=.37) but was not associated with age at dementia onset, regardless of APOE-ϵ4 carrier status. The only results that survived corrections for false discovery rates were higher scores of dysphoria for APOE-ϵ4 carriers (n=122) who also carried ACE deletion/deletion (p=.031). No results survived corrections for false discovery rates for APOE-ϵ4 non-carriers (n=116).Conclusions: Though only the APOE-ϵ4/ϵ4 haplotype affected AD onset, effects of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism over behavioural features might differ according to APOE-ϵ4 carrier status in genetic associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio Ferreira de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro Soares de Almeida
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia Cardoso Smith
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Snyder EM, Johnson BD. ACE2 and COVID-19: using antihypertensive medications and pharmacogenetic considerations. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:695-703. [PMID: 32501190 PMCID: PMC7373206 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 utilizes the ACE2 pathway as a means of infection. Early data on COVID-19 suggest heterogeneity in the severity of symptoms during transmission and infection ranging from no symptoms to death. The source of this heterogeneity is likely multifaceted and may have a genetic component. Demographic and clinical comorbidities associated with the severity of infection suggest that possible variants known to influence the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone (RAAS) system pathway (particularly those that influence ACE2) may contribute to the heterogenous infection response. ACE2 and Ang(1–7) (the product of ACE2) seem to have a protective effect on the pulmonary and cardiac systems. Hypertension medication modulation, may alter ACE2 and Ang(1–7), particularly in variants that have been shown to influence RAAS system function, which could be clinically useful in patients with COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Snyder
- Geneticure, Inc., Four 3rd St. SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Bruce D Johnson
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G. The bimodal SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Italy as an effect of environmental and allergic causes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:331-332. [PMID: 32507495 PMCID: PMC7253996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seripa D, Paroni G, Matera MG, Gravina C, Scarcelli C, Corritore M, D’Ambrosio LP, Urbano M, D’Onofrio G, Copetti M, Kehoe PG, Panza F, Pilotto A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes and disability in hospitalized older patients. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 33:409-419. [PMID: 21076879 PMCID: PMC3168594 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-010-9192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes and functional decline in older adults remains controversial. To assess if ACE gene variations influences functional abilities at older age, the present study explored the association between the common ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and disability measured with activities of daily living (ADL) in hospitalized older patients. We analyzed the frequency of the ACE genotypes (I/I, I/D, and D/D) in a population of 2,128 hospitalized older patients divided according to presence or absence of ADL disability. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for possible confounding factors, identified an association between the I/I genotype with ADL disability (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.04-2.29). This association was significant in men (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.07-3.78), but not in women (OR=1.36, 95% CI 0.82-2.25). These results suggested a possible role of the ACE polymorphism as a genetic marker for ADL disability in hospitalized older patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Seripa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giulia Paroni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria G. Matera
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carolina Gravina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carlo Scarcelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Corritore
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi P. D’Ambrosio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Urbano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Grazia D’Onofrio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Patrick G. Kehoe
- Dementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, The John James Building, Frenchay Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Gerontology–Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Padre Pio da Pietrelcina Foundation, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Over the last two decades, aging research has expanded to include not only age-related disease models, and conversely, longevity and disease-free models, but also focuses on biological mechanisms related to the aging process. By viewing aging on multiple research frontiers, we are rapidly expanding knowledge as a whole and mapping connections between biological processes and particular age-related diseases that emerge. This is perhaps most true in the field of genetics, where variation across individuals has improved our understanding of aging mechanisms, etiology of age-related disease, and prediction of therapeutic responses. A close partnership between gerontologists, epidemiologists, and geneticists is needed to take full advantage of emerging genome information and technology and bring about a new age for biological aging research. Here we review current genetic findings for aging across both disease-specific and aging process domains. We then highlight the limitations of most work to date in terms of study design, genomic information, and trait modeling and focus on emerging technology and future directions that can partner genetic epidemiology and aging research fields to best take advantage of the rapid discoveries in each.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Daniele Fallin
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|