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Wu Y, Chen C, Wei FF, Liang W, Dong Y, Liu C, Choy M, Dong B. Associations between long-term averages of metabolic parameters in adulthood and cardiac structure and function in later life. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:496-506. [PMID: 37857766 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The effects of long-term levels of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), plasma lipids and fasting blood glucose (FBG) on the cardiac structure and function in later life in general population are to evaluate. We included adult participants without heart failure from Framingham Heart Study. The respective averages over a span of 30-36 years of seven parameters were pooled into linear regression models simultaneously to evaluate their associations with subsequent left atrial internal dimension (LAID), left ventricular mass index (LVMi), internal dimension (LVID), ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/é). In 1838 participants (56.0% female, mean age 66.1 years), per 1-standard deviation (SD) increment of mean BMI correlated with larger LAID and LVID (β 0.05~0.17, standard error [SE] 0.01 for all), greater LVMi (β [SE], 1.49 [0.46]), worse E/é (β [SE], 0.28 [0.05]). Per 1-SD increment of mean systolic BP correlated with greater LVMi (β [SE], 4.70 [0.69]), LVEF (β [SE], 0.73 [0.24]), E/é (β [SE], 0.52 [0.08]), whereas increase of mean diastolic BP correlated with smaller LVMi (β [SE], -1.61 [0.62]), LVEF (β [SE], -0.46 [0.22]), E/é (β [SE], -0.30 [0.07]). Per 1-SD increment of mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) correlated with smaller LVID (β [SE], -0.03 [0.01]) and better systolic function (LVEF, β [SE], 0.63 [0.19]; GLS, β [SE], -0.20 [0.10]). The variabilities of BMI, BP and HDL-c also correlated with certain cardiac measurements. In long-term, BMI affected the size and mass of heart chambers, systolic and diastolic BP differently influenced left ventricular mass and function, higher HDL-c linked to better systolic function. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov . Identifier: NCT00005121.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Fang-Fei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Weihao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, P R China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, P R China
| | - Manting Choy
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China.
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, P R China.
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, P R China.
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2
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De Geest B, Mishra M. Role of high-density lipoproteins in cardioprotection and in reverse remodeling: Therapeutic implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159022. [PMID: 34333125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardioprotection includes all mechanisms that contribute to preservation of the heart by reducing or even preventing myocardial damage. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are circulating multimolecular platforms that exert a multitude of effects on cardiomyocytes and nonmyocyte cells in the myocardium leading to preservation of cardiac structure and function. Animal intervention studies applying HDL-targeted therapies have provided consistent evidence that HDLs protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury, leading to smaller myocardial infarctions, and that HDLs attenuate infarct expansion and cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction. These beneficial effects of HDLs are not restricted to prevention of development of ischemic cardiomyopathy but also apply to prevention of pathological hypertrophy and adverse remodeling in the presence of diabetes or in the presence of pressure overload. Moreover, HDLs can induce reverse remodeling characterized by a reduction of cardiac hypertrophy, a decrease of myocardial fibrosis, a regression of capillary rarefaction, and a restoration of cardiac function. HDL-targeted interventions are an effective treatment for heart failure in animal models. In conclusion, whereas protective effects of HDLs on coronary arteries remain essentially unproven till now, the potential for clinical translation of HDL-targeted interventions in prevention of cardiomyopathy and in treatment of heart failure is supported by consistent evidence from animal intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Geest
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mudit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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3
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High-Density Lipoprotein-Targeted Therapies for Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120620. [PMID: 33339429 PMCID: PMC7767106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The main and common constituents of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are apolipoprotein A-I, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Biochemical heterogeneity of HDL particles is based on the variable presence of one or more representatives of at least 180 proteins, 200 lipid species, and 20 micro RNAs. HDLs are circulating multimolecular platforms that perform divergent functions whereby the potential of HDL-targeted interventions for treatment of heart failure can be postulated based on its pleiotropic effects. Several murine studies have shown that HDLs exert effects on the myocardium, which are completely independent of any impact on coronary arteries. Overall, HDL-targeted therapies exert a direct positive lusitropic effect on the myocardium, inhibit the development of cardiac hypertrophy, suppress interstitial and perivascular myocardial fibrosis, increase capillary density in the myocardium, and prevent the occurrence of heart failure. In four distinct murine models, HDL-targeted interventions were shown to be a successful treatment for both pre-existing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and pre-existing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF). Until now, the effect of HDL-targeted interventions has not been evaluated in randomized clinical trials in heart failure patients. As HFpEF represents an important unmet therapeutic need, this is likely the preferred therapeutic domain for clinical translation.
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Andreadou I, Schulz R, Badimon L, Adameová A, Kleinbongard P, Lecour S, Nikolaou PE, Falcão-Pires I, Vilahur G, Woudberg N, Heusch G, Ferdinandy P. Hyperlipidaemia and cardioprotection: Animal models for translational studies. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5287-5311. [PMID: 31769007 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and therefore, many animal model have been developed to mimic the human abnormal elevation of blood lipid levels. In parallel, extensive research for the alleviation of ischaemia/reperfusion injury has revealed that hyperlipidaemia is a major co-morbidity that attenuates the cardioprotective effect of conditioning strategies (preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning) and that of pharmacological interventions by interfering with cardioprotective signalling pathways. In the present review article, we summarize the existing data on animal models of hypercholesterolaemia (total, low density and HDL abnormalities) and hypertriglyceridaemia used in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. We also provide recommendations on preclinical animal models to be used for translations of the cardioprotective strategies into clinical practice. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Adameová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas Woudberg
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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Heywood SE, Richart AL, Henstridge DC, Alt K, Kiriazis H, Zammit C, Carey AL, Kammoun HL, Delbridge LM, Reddy M, Chen YC, Du XJ, Hagemeyer CE, Febbraio MA, Siebel AL, Kingwell BA. High-density lipoprotein delivered after myocardial infarction increases cardiac glucose uptake and function in mice. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/411/eaam6084. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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HDL mimetic peptide CER-522 treatment regresses left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Int J Cardiol 2016; 215:364-71. [PMID: 27128563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-density lipoprotein (HDL) infusions induce rapid improvement of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits but their effect on ventricular function remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the HDL mimetic peptide CER-522 on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). METHODS Rabbits were fed with a cholesterol- and vitamin D2-enriched diet until mild aortic valve stenosis and hypercholesterolemia-induced LV hypertrophy and LVDD developed. Animals then received saline or 10 or 30mg/kg CER-522 infusions 6 times over 2weeks. We performed serial echocardiograms and LV histology to evaluate the effects of CER-522 therapy on LVDD. RESULTS LVDD was reduced by CER-522 as shown by multiple parameters including early filling mitral deceleration time, deceleration rate, Em/Am ratio, E/Em ratio, pulmonary venous velocities, and LVDD score. These findings were associated with reduced macrophages (RAM-11 positive cells) in the pericoronary area and LV, and decreased levels of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in CER-522-treated rabbits. CER-522 treatment also resulted in decreased atheromatous plaques and internal elastic lamina area in coronary arteries. CONCLUSIONS CER-522 improves LVDD in rabbits, with reductions of LV macrophage accumulation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, coronary atherosclerosis and remodelling.
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Brulhart-Meynet MC, Braunersreuther V, Brinck J, Montecucco F, Prost JC, Thomas A, Galan K, Pelli G, Pedretti S, Vuilleumier N, Mach F, Lecour S, James RW, Frias MA. Improving reconstituted HDL composition for efficient post-ischemic reduction of ischemia reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119664. [PMID: 25781943 PMCID: PMC4362758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New evidence shows that high density lipoproteins (HDL) have protective effects beyond their role in reverse cholesterol transport. Reconstituted HDL (rHDL) offer an attractive means of clinically exploiting these novel effects including cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). However, basic rHDL composition is limited to apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) and phospholipids; addition of bioactive compound may enhance its beneficial effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of rHDL in post-ischemic model, and to analyze the potential impact of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in rHDL formulations. METHODS AND RESULTS The impact of HDL on IRI was investigated using complementary in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro IRI models. Acute post-ischemic treatment with native HDL significantly reduced infarct size and cell death in the ex vivo, isolated heart (Langendorff) model and the in vivo model (-48%, p<0.01). Treatment with rHDL of basic formulation (apoAI + phospholipids) had a non-significant impact on cell death in vitro and on the infarct size ex vivo and in vivo. In contrast, rHDL containing S1P had a highly significant, protective influence ex vivo, and in vivo (-50%, p<0.01). This impact was comparable with the effects observed with native HDL. Pro-survival signaling proteins, Akt, STAT3 and ERK1/2 were similarly activated by HDL and rHDL containing S1P both in vitro (isolated cardiomyocytes) and in vivo. CONCLUSION HDL afford protection against IRI in a clinically relevant model (post-ischemia). rHDL is significantly protective if supplemented with S1P. The protective impact of HDL appears to target directly the cardiomyocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Brulhart-Meynet
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Braunersreuther
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Brinck
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of human protein sciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine. IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino—IST Instituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Aurelien Thomas
- Unit of Toxicology, CURML, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katia Galan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Graziano Pelli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Pedretti
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Service of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of human protein sciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard W. James
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A. Frias
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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8
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Van Linthout S, Frias M, Singh N, De Geest B. Therapeutic potential of HDL in cardioprotection and tissue repair. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 224:527-565. [PMID: 25523001 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09665-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies support a strong association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and heart failure incidence. Experimental evidence from different angles supports the view that low HDL is unlikely an innocent bystander in the development of heart failure. HDL exerts direct cardioprotective effects, which are mediated via its interactions with the myocardium and more specifically with cardiomyocytes. HDL may improve cardiac function in several ways. Firstly, HDL may protect the heart against ischaemia/reperfusion injury resulting in a reduction of infarct size and thus in myocardial salvage. Secondly, HDL can improve cardiac function in the absence of ischaemic heart disease as illustrated by beneficial effects conferred by these lipoproteins in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thirdly, HDL may improve cardiac function by reducing infarct expansion and by attenuating ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction. These different mechanisms are substantiated by in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo intervention studies that applied treatment with native HDL, treatment with reconstituted HDL, or human apo A-I gene transfer. The effect of human apo A-I gene transfer on infarct expansion and ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction illustrates the beneficial effects of HDL on tissue repair. The role of HDL in tissue repair is further underpinned by the potent effects of these lipoproteins on endothelial progenitor cell number, function, and incorporation, which may in particular be relevant under conditions of high endothelial cell turnover. Furthermore, topical HDL therapy enhances cutaneous wound healing in different models. In conclusion, the development of HDL-targeted interventions in these strategically chosen therapeutic areas is supported by a strong clinical rationale and significant preclinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Van Linthout
- Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
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9
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Frias MA, Lecour S, James RW, Pedretti S. High density lipoprotein/sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced cardioprotection: Role of STAT3 as part of the SAFE pathway. JAKSTAT 2014; 1:92-100. [PMID: 24058758 PMCID: PMC3670301 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.19754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has beneficial effects beyond its atheroprotective function in reverse cholesterol transport, including cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injuries. Two major constituents of HDL, namely the structural protein apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) and the sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) appear to contribute to this cardioprotective effect via the activation of intrinsic prosurvival signaling pathways that still remain to be clarified.
Recently, a powerful prosurvival signaling pathway, termed the survivor activating factor enhancement (SAFE) pathway, which involves the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), has been shown to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injuries.
The present review summarizes the evidence for the roles of HDL and S1P in cardioprotection and discusses the signaling pathways that have been implicated. It thus provides support for our contention that S1P should be considered in potential formulations of reconstituted HDL (reHDL) that may be tested for cardioprotection against coronary artery disease via the activation of the SAFE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Frias
- Department of Internal Medicine; Clinical Diabetes Unit; Medical Faculty; University of Geneva; Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Spirig R, Schaub A, Kropf A, Miescher S, Spycher MO, Rieben R. Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein modulates activation of human leukocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71235. [PMID: 23967171 PMCID: PMC3743844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An anti-inflammatory effect of reconstituted High Density Lipoprotein (rHDL) has been demonstrated in atherosclerosis and in sepsis models. An increase of adhesion molecules as well as tissue factor expression on endothelial cells in response to inflammatory or danger signals are attenuated by the treatment with rHDL. Here we show the inhibitory effect of rHDL on the activation of human leukocytes in a whole blood assay as well as on monocyte-derived human dendritic cells (DC). Multiplex analysis of human whole blood showed that phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced secretion of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12(p40), IL-15 and IFN-α was inhibited. Furthermore, an inhibitory effect on the production of the chemokines CCL-2, CCL-4, CCL-5, CXCL-9 and CXCL-10 was observed. Activation of granulocytes and CD14+ monocytes by PHA is inhibited dose-dependently by rHDL shown as decreased up-regulation of ICAM-1 surface expression. In addition, we found a strong inhibitory effect of rHDL on toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)- and TLR4-mediated maturation of DC. Treatment of DC with rHDL prevented the up-regulation of cell surface molecules CD80, CD83 and CD86 and it inhibited the TLR-driven activation of inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. These findings suggest that rHDL prevents activation of crucial cellular players of cellular immunity and could therefore be a useful reagent to impede inflammation as well as the link between innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Spirig
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- CSL Behring AG, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Rieben
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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11
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Skoczynska A, Skórka T, Wojakowska A, Nowacki D, Turczyn B, Poręba R, Tyrankiewicz U, Byk K, Szuba A. Heart function in magnetic resonance imaging and the mesenteric artery reactivity in rats receiving lead-contaminated drinking water. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 33:455-65. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327113491507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lead (Pb)-contaminated drinking water on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-estimated cardiac function, vascular reactivity, and serum lipids in rats. For 3 months, male Wistar rats, aged 4–6 weeks, were given drinking water with the addition of lead acetate at a concentration of 100 ppm Pb (10 rats) or water free from Pb (8 control rats). The cardiac MRI was performed at rest and under β-adrenergic stimulation on a 4.7 T scanner using electrocardiogram-triggered gradient echo (FLASH) cine sequence. After 1–2 weeks of the MRI test, experiments were performed ex vivo. After stabilization of perfusion pressure (PP), norepinephrine at doses from 0.01 to 5.0 μg was dissolved in Krebs solution, injected in a volume of 100 μl, and next infused at a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml into the isolated mesenteric artery. In this manner, preconstricted mesenteric bed was used to determine PP changes induced by acetylcholine, given at doses from 0.05 to 5.0 μg, before and during the infusion of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1.0 μg/ml). At the end, dobutamine (5 mg), followed by potassium chloride (10.5 mg), was injected. Lipid levels were determined enzymatically, blood Pb level was measured by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. This study showed that Pb impairs the left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Pb-induced changes in response to resistance of vessels to vasoactive agents may be secondary to the reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The high-density lipoprotein subfraction 2 (HDL2) is involved in the cardiovascular effect of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Skoczynska
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - T Skórka
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Wojakowska
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - D Nowacki
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - B Turczyn
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - R Poręba
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - U Tyrankiewicz
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Byk
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Szuba
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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12
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High density lipoprotein protects mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and suppression of reactive oxygen species. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:17104-20. [PMID: 23443132 PMCID: PMC3546741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131217104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in myocardial infarction (MI) appears to be limited by poor cell viability in the injured tissue, which is a consequence of oxidative stress and pro-apoptotic factors. High density lipoprotein (HDL) reverses cholesterol transport and has anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. We, therefore, investigated whether HDL could protect MSCs from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of rats were pre-incubated with or without HDL, and then were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in vitro, or were transplanted into experimentally infarcted hearts of rats in vivo. Pre-incubation of MSCs with HDL increased cell viability, reduced apoptotic indices and resulted in parallel decreases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in comparison with control MSCs. Each of the beneficial effects of HDL on MSCs was attenuated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. Preconditioning with HDL resulted in higher MSC survival rates, improved cardiac remodeling and better myocardial function than in the MSC control group. Collectively, these results suggest that HDL may protect against H2O2-induced apoptosis in MSCs through activation of a PI3K/Akt pathway, and by suppressing the production of ROS.
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High density lipoprotein cholesterol promotes the proliferation of bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells via binding scavenger receptor-B type I and activation of PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK1/2 pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 371:55-64. [PMID: 22886428 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) possesses protective properties in cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of HDL on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which could be mobilized to the damaged myocardial tissue, has not been well elucidated yet. In the current study, we investigated the effect of HDL on the proliferation of MSCs so as to reveal its molecular mechanisms. MSCs derived from rats were treated with HDL in different concentrations and for different periods. The proliferation of MSCs was measured with MTT and BrdU cell proliferation assay. The phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2 and the expression of p21 were evaluated by Western blotting. After the activity of respective pathways was down-regulated by the specific inhibitor and the gene of scavenger receptor-B type I (SR-BI) was knocked down by RNA interference, BrdU assay was performed to examine this effect of HDL on MSCs. We found that the proliferation of MSCs induced by HDL, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, was the phosphorylation of Akt- and ERK1/2-dependent, which was significantly attenuated by the specific inhibitor to respective pathways. Moreover, MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway exerted a more dominating effect on this process. SR-BI contributed to HDL-induced proliferation of MSCs, which was effectively abolished by the silencing of SR-BI. The results suggested that HDL was capable of improving MSCs proliferation, in which MAPK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways involved and SR-BI played a critical role as well.
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The Emerging Role of TLR and Innate Immunity in Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiol Res Pract 2012; 2012:181394. [PMID: 22577589 PMCID: PMC3346970 DOI: 10.1155/2012/181394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a complex disorder involving multiple pathophysiological processes, several of which involve activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system. As sentinels of innate immunity TLRs are nonclonally germline-encoded molecular pattern recognition receptors that recognize exogenous as well as tissue-derived molecular dangers signals promoting inflammation. In addition to their expression in immune cells, TLRs are found in other tissues and cell types including cardiomyocytes, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. TLRs are differentially regulated in various cell types by several cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia and may represent a key mechanism linking chronic inflammation, cardiovascular disease progression, and activation of the immune system. Modulation of TLR signaling by specific TLR agonists or antagonists, alone or in combination, may be a useful therapeutic approach to treat various cardiovascular inflammatory conditions such as atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, secondary microvascular complications of diabetes, autoimmune disease, and ischemia reperfusion injury. In this paper we discuss recent developments and current evidence for the role of TLR in cardiovascular disease as well as the therapeutic potential of various compounds on inhibition of TLR-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Borthwick F, Warnakula S, Mangat R, Uwiera RR, Russell JC, Kelly SE, Lee CY, Hryshko L, Mamo JCL, Rye KA, Lopaschuk GD, Proctor SD. ApoA-1 infusion reduces arterial cholesterol and myocardial lesions in a rat model of cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance. Atherosclerosis 2012; 222:402-8. [PMID: 22483015 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Animal and human studies report infusion of apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1) can reduce endothelial dysfunction, and/or induce regression of atherosclerosis. However, the direct mechanisms underlying the vascular benefits of either apoA-1 or HDL-C remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the ability of reconstituted HDL (rHDL) to improve vascular complications of MetS, including left ventricular (LV)-hypertrophy, arterial cholesterol deposition and myocardial lesion development. METHODS AND RESULTS Obese insulin resistant (IR) JCR:LA-cp rats were infused with rHDL (0.4 mg/kg) over 3 days before assessing cardiac function (Echocardiography) at days 7 and 50 post-infusion, as well as haematoxylin and eosin staining of myocardial lesions at day 50. Acute ex vivo arterial cholesterol deposition was assessed with acute infusion of rHDL ex-vivo. Infusion of rHDL partially corrected abnormal diastolic compliance (18%; *p<0.05) and improved parameters of cardiac function in IR rats. Further, acute rHDL infusion in carotid vessels reduced remnant lipoprotein associated-cholesterol deposition (30-86%; **p<0.01) ex vivo in IR and male Wistar rats and reduced (41%; *p<0.05) the frequency of early-stage myocardial lesions in IR rats. CONCLUSION Short-term infusion of rHDL may beneficially reduce chronic vascular sequelae of MetS, including temporary improvement in LV-dysfunction, acute reduction of acute arterial cholesterol deposition and the development of early-stage myocardial lesions in the JCR:LA-cp rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Borthwick
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Group, Alberta Diabetes and Mazankowski Heart Institutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Kiya Y, Miura SI, Fujino M, Imaizumi S, Karnik SS, Saku K. Clinical and pharmacotherapeutic relevance of the double-chain domain of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker olmesartan. Clin Exp Hypertens 2010; 32:129-36. [PMID: 20374187 DOI: 10.3109/10641960903254430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that the angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor blocker (ARB) olmesartan has two important interactions to evoke inverse agonism (IA). We refer to these interactions as the "double-chain domain (DCD)." Since the clinical pharmacotherapeutic relevance of olmesartan is still unclear, we examined these effects in rats and humans. We analyzed the effects at an advanced stage of renal insufficiency in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats (Study 1). Rats were fed a high-salt diet from age 9 weeks and arbitrarily assigned to three treatment regimens at age 16 to 21 weeks: olmesartan (2 mg/kg/day) with DCD, a compound related to olmesartan without DCD (6 mg/kg/day, R-239470) or placebo. We also compared the depressor effects of olmesartan to those of other ARBs in patients with essential hypertension (Study 2). Thirty essential hypertensive outpatients who had been receiving ARBs other than olmesartan were recruited for this study. Our protocol was approved by the hospital ethics committee and informed consent was obtained from all patients 12 weeks prior to switching from ARBs other than olmesartan to olmesartan. In Study 1, olmesartan induced a more prominent suppression of the ratio of urinary protein excretion to creatinine at age 21 weeks without lowering blood pressure among the three groups. In Study 2, the depressor effect of olmesartan was significantly stronger than those of other ARBs, which do not contain the DCD. These additive effects by olmesartan may be due to DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kiya
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Miura SI, Saku K. Effects of statin and lipoprotein metabolism in heart failure. J Cardiol 2010; 55:287-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Imaizumi S, Kiya Y, Miura SI, Zhang B, Matsuo Y, Uehara Y, Rye KA, Saku K. Pharmacological Intervention Using Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein Changes in the Lipid Profile in Spontaneously Hypersensitive Rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2010; 32:202-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10641960903265196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Dullaart RPF, Dallinga-Thie GM. Beneficial effects of reconstituted HDL onex vivoandin vitroplatelet reactivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Chen J, Cui X, Zacharek A, Roberts C, Chopp M. eNOS mediates TO90317 treatment-induced angiogenesis and functional outcome after stroke in mice. Stroke 2009; 40:2532-8. [PMID: 19443804 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.108.545095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE TO901317, a synthetic liver X receptor agonist, elevates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in mice. We tested the hypothesis that TO901317 treatment of stroke promotes angiogenesis and vascular maturation and improves functional outcome after stroke by increasing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and were treated with or without TO901317 (30 mg/kg) starting 24 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion and daily for 14 days. RESULTS TO901317 significantly increased serum HDL-C level, promoted angiogenesis and vascular stabilization in the ischemic brain, and improved functional outcome after stroke. The increased HDL-C level significantly correlated with functional recovery after stroke. TO901317 also increased eNOS phosphorylation in the ischemic brain. Mechanisms underlying the TO901317-induced angiogenesis were investigated using eNOS knockout (eNOS-/-) mice. TO901317 treatment of eNOS-/- mice significantly increased HDL-C level but failed to increase angiogenesis and functional outcome after stroke. In vitro studies demonstrated that TO901317 and HDL-C significantly increased capillary tube formation and promoted eNOS phosphorylation activity in cultured mouse brain endothelial cells compared with nontreatment controls. However, TO901317 and high-density lipoprotein treatment-induced capillary tube formation were absent in eNOS-deficient mouse brain endothelial cell. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that TO901317 treatment increases serum HDL-C level, which promotes angiogenesis through eNOS and leads to improvement of functional outcome after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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