1
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The antagonic behavior of GPIHBP1 between EAT and circulation does not reflect lipolytic enzymes levels in the tissue and serum from coronary patients. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:423-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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2
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Apolipoprotein A-V Is a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Predictor in Pediatric Patients with Sepsis: A Prospective Pilot Study in PICU. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8052954. [PMID: 32322166 PMCID: PMC7157801 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8052954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis induces the release of lipid mediators, which control both lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, the role of serum apolipoprotein A-V (ApoA5) in sepsis is poorly understood in pediatric patients. Methods ApoA5 was screened from serum proteomics profile in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated mice for 2 h, 24 h, and controls. Then, we conducted a prospective pilot study, and patients with sepsis admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were enrolled from January 2018 to December 2018. Serum ApoA5 levels on PICU admission were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Blood samples from 30 healthy children were used as control. The correlation of ApoA5 with the clinical and laboratory parameters was analyzed. Logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used to investigate the potential role of serum ApoA5 as a prognostic predictor for PICU mortality in pediatric patients with sepsis. Results A total of 101 patients with sepsis were enrolled in this study. The PICU mortality rate was 10.9% (11/101). Serum ApoA5 levels on PICU admission were significantly lower in nonsurvivors with sepsis compared with survivors (P = 0.009). In subgroup analysis, serum levels of ApoA5 were significantly correlated with sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (P < 0.001), shock (P = 0.002), acute kidney injury (AKI) (P < 0.001), acute liver injury (ALI) (P = 0.002), and gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction (P = 0.012), but not respiratory failure, brain injury, and pathogenic species (all P > 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed significant correlations of serum ApoA5 with Ca2+ concentration. Remarkably, the area under ROC curve (AUC) for serum ApoA5 levels on PICU admission was 0.789 for prediction of PICU mortality with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 84.5% at a threshold value of 822 ng/mL. Conclusions Serum ApoA5 level is associated with sepsis-associated shock, AKI, ALI, GI dysfunction, or MODS in children. Moreover, the findings of the present study suggest a prognostic value of ApoA5 in children with sepsis, and lower serum ApoA5 than 822 ng/mL predicts worse outcome in pediatric sepsis.
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3
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Luo F, Guo Y, Fang Z, Li X. Concerns on the Genetic or Therapeutic Antagonism of ANGPTL3. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 70:2099. [PMID: 29025569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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He R, Huang Q, Yan X, Liu Y, Yang J, Chen X. A Case of Paradoxical Embolism Causing Anterior Spinal Cord Syndrome and Acute Myocardial Infarction Following the Intradiscal Oxygen-Ozone Therapy. Front Neurol 2019; 10:137. [PMID: 30853936 PMCID: PMC6395432 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of a 66-year-old female who burst into flaccid paralysis of the lower extremities, accompanied by loss of pain and temperature sensation below T4 level, during an oxygen–ozone injection for disc herniation. Half an hour later, she suffered from chest pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed long segment hyperintensity in the thoracic spinal cord from T2 to 10 level on sagittal T2-weighted images (T2WI). The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST-segment elevation in V1–V6 leads. She was diagnosed with spinal cord infarction and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Transthoracic echocardiography with saline contrast showed existence of a large patent foramen ovale (PFO) correlating with the detection of massive microbubbles in the left atrium. We discuss the potential role of paradoxical embolism in spinal cord infarction and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runcheng He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunhai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Lin MJ, Dai W, Scott MJ, Li R, Zhang YQ, Yang Y, Chen LZ, Huang XS. Metformin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice via down-regulation of apolipoprotein A5 as part of the AMPK/LXRα signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108802-108809. [PMID: 29312569 PMCID: PMC5752482 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) has been implicated in the formation of hepatocyte lipid droplets, a histological hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent evidence demonstrated that liver X receptor α (LXRα), a transcription factor involved in down-regulation of APOA5 mRNA, is activated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) that contributes to metformin-related antihyperglycemic effects. In this study we investigated the role of apoA5 and AMPK/LXRα signaling pathway in metformin-related improvement of NAFLD. Leptin-deficient (ob/ob) obese mice with NAFLD were treated with metformin, and signaling pathways were compared with non-metformin treated mice. Additionally, we determined cellular apoA5 and triglyceride (TG) levels in mouse hepatocytes in vitro and the effects of metformin, with or without an AMPK inhibitor or LXRα siRNA, on these levels. We found that metformin dose-dependently ameliorated hepatosteatosis and liver dysfunction in ob/ob mice, with a significant reduction in hepatic apoA5 expression and TG level. Metformin also dose-dependently increased phosphorylation of hepatic AMPK and LXRα in ob/ob mice. Similarly, metformin decreased apoA5 expression and TG level in mouse hepatocytes, with increased phosphorylation of cellular AMPK and LXRα. Addition of AMPK inhibitor or siRNA knockdown of LXRα significantly attenuated metformin-induced down-regulation of cellular apoA5 expression and TG level. AMPK inhibitor also significantly inhibited metformin-induced LXRα phosphorylation in these hepatocytes. Therefore, our findings indicate that metformin improves obesity-related NAFLD via inhibition of hepatic apoA5 synthesis as part of the AMPK/LXRα signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jie Lin
- Clinical Skills Training Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wen Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of Surgery Labs, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yi-Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lu-Zhu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Karathanasis SK, Freeman LA, Gordon SM, Remaley AT. The Changing Face of HDL and the Best Way to Measure It. Clin Chem 2016; 63:196-210. [PMID: 27879324 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.257725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is a commonly used lipid biomarker for assessing cardiovascular health. While a central focus has been placed on the role of HDL in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process, our appreciation for the other cardioprotective properties of HDL continues to expand with further investigation into the structure and function of HDL and its specific subfractions. The development of novel assays is empowering the research community to assess different aspects of HDL function, which at some point may evolve into new diagnostic tests. CONTENT This review discusses our current understanding of the formation and maturation of HDL particles via RCT, as well as the newly recognized roles of HDL outside RCT. The antioxidative, antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, antithrombotic, antiinfective, and vasoprotective effects of HDL are all discussed, as are the related methodologies for assessing these different aspects of HDL function. We elaborate on the importance of protein and lipid composition of HDL in health and disease and highlight potential new diagnostic assays based on these parameters. SUMMARY Although multiple epidemiologic studies have confirmed that HDL-C is a strong negative risk marker for cardiovascular disease, several clinical and experimental studies have yielded inconsistent results on the direct role of HDL-C as an antiatherogenic factor. As of yet, our increased understanding of HDL biology has not been translated into successful new therapies, but will undoubtedly depend on the development of alternative ways for measuring HDL besides its cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lita A Freeman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Scott M Gordon
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
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7
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Zhu C, Gao G, Song H, Xu F, Wu K, Liu X. Hepatitis B virus inhibits apolipoprotein A5 expression through its core gene. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:178. [PMID: 27724895 PMCID: PMC5057420 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes lipid metabolism disorders. Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) is a new apolipoprotein family member that plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The present study was to investigate the impact of HBV on ApoA5 expression and its regulatory mechanism. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to measure ApoA5 mRNA and protein expression in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum ApoA5 levels in healthy individuals and HBV patients. HBV infectious clone pHBV1.3 or individual plasmids expressing the HBV genome was cotransfected with the ApoA5 promoter pGL3-Apo5-LUC plasmid into HepG2 cells to assess the luciferase activity. RT-PCR and western blotting methods were used to detect Apo5 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Results The ApoA5 mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased in HepG2.2.15 cells compared with the control HepG2 cells. The serum ApoA5 levels were 196.4 ± 28.7 μg/L in the healthy individuals and 104.5 ± 18.3 μg/L in the HBV patients, statistical analysis showed that the ApoA5 levels were significantly lower in HBV patients than in the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). pHBV1.3 and its core gene inhibited ApoA5 promoter activity and mRNA and protein expression in HepG2 cells. Conclusion HBV inhibits ApoA5 expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels through its core gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medicine University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medicine University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medicine University, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Metformin ameliorates obesity-associated hypertriglyceridemia in mice partly through the apolipoprotein A5 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1173-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Kayama K, Okada T, Fuwa K, Nagano N, Hosono S, Takahashi S, Takahashi S. Apolipoprotein A-V concentration in preterm infants. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:647-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Ngaosuwan K, Houngngam N, Limpisook P, Plengpanich W, Khovidhunkit W. Apolipoprotein A-V is not a major determinant of triglyceride levels during human sepsis. J Crit Care 2015; 30:727-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Apolipoprotein A-V level may contribute to the development of obesity-associated dyslipidemia. Obes Res Clin Pract 2014; 7:e415-9. [PMID: 24304484 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2012.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM In a mice study, insulin suppressed apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) gene expression in a dose dependent manner. Thus, we investigated the association between apoA-V levels and dyslipidemias in obese children with hyperinsulinemia. METHODS The subjects were 17 obese children (15 male, 2 female) aged 11.8 ± 2.4 years. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglyceride (TG), apoA-V and insulin levels were determined. RESULTS Obese children with hyperinsulinemia had greater percent overweight, higher TG level, lower HDLC level and lower apoA-V level than those without hyperinsulinemia. In simple regression analysis, apoA-V level correlated negatively with TG (r = -0.613, p = 0.0152) and insulin levels (r = -0.566, p = 0.0279), and positively correlated with HDLC (r = 0.811, p = 0.0002). In stepwise regression analysis, insulin level emerged as the independent determinant of TG level after apoA-V level was taken into account, whereas apoA-V emerged as the independent determinant of HDLC level after adjusting for insulin level. CONCLUSIONS Insulin may be a potent regulator of serum apoA-V level in obesity, and apoA-V level may partly contribute to the development of obesity-associated dyslipidemia.
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12
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Halalkhor S, Jalali F, Tilaki KH, Shojaei S. Association of two common polymorphisms of apolipoprotein A5 gene with metabolic syndrome indicators in a North Iranian population, a cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:48. [PMID: 24708648 PMCID: PMC4030732 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome is an obesity dependent disorder with a worldwide high prevalence. Regarding the high prevalence of Metabolic syndrome in Iran we analyzed the influence of -1131T>C (rs662799) and c.56C>G (S19W, rs3135506) polymorphisms of the novel apolipoprotein gene, ApoA5, on some Metabolic Syndrome indicators in population from north of Iran. Methods 199 volunteers from Babol city-Iran were divided in two groups of low (N = 99, TG ≤ 103 mg/dl) and high (N = 100, TG ≥ 150 mg/dl) serum levels of Triglycerides (TG). We amplified the gene fragments containing -1131T>C and c.56C>G polymorphisms by PCR method and revealed the polymorphisms by RFLP analysis. Results We found a significant association (p = 0.016, Independent t-test) between high levels of TG and -1131T>C polymorphism but not between this polymorphism and serum HDL-C concentrations. Carriers of the C allele had a 1.97 times higher odds ratio to be in the high-TG group than those of the TT genotype (95%, CI = 1.05-3.68). We observed no association between -1131T>C polymorphism with either Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) or Body-Mass-Index (BMI). In the case of c.56C>G polymorphism, although it showed a significant relationship with WHR (p = 0/040, Independent t-test), but failed to correlate with either levels of TG (p = 0.594) or HDL-C (p = 0.640) in serum. Conclusion Our study confirms that ApoA5 gene polymorphisms, -1131T>C and c.56C>G are associated with the two criteria of Metabolic Syndrome, TG and WHR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Halalkhor
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farzad Jalali
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Karimollah Hajian Tilaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Li XP, Gong HR, Huang XS, Huang WY, Zhao SP. The influence of statin-fibrate combination therapy on lipids profile and apolipoprotein A5 in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:133. [PMID: 24016248 PMCID: PMC3850707 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Statin-fibrate combination therapy has been used to treat patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) complicated by elevated triglycerides (TG) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the combination therapy on lipids profile and apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) level in patients with ACS. Methods One hundred and four patients with ACS were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: one was statin group (n = 52), given atorvastatin (20 mg QN) or other statins with equivalent dosages; the other was combination group (n = 52), given the same dose of statin plus bezafibrate (200 mg BID). Follow-up visits were scheduled at the end of 6 and 12 weeks post treatment. Serum apoA5 levels were determined using a commercial available ELISA kit. Results (1) Compared with that of statin monotherapy, statin-bezafibrate combination treatment not only resulted in a significant reduction of TG, TC and LDL-C levels, (all p < 0.05), but also led to increases in HDL-C and apoA5 levels (p < 0.05). (2) The percentage changes of TC, TG, LDL-C and apoA5 levels in both groups were even bigger at 12 weeks after treatment than that at 6 weeks (all p < 0.05). Similarly, the rates of achieving lipid-control target were higher in statin-bezafibrate combination treatment group than those in statin monotherapy group (all p < 0.05). (3) Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the pre-treatment apoA5 level was positively correlated with TG (r = 0.359, p = 0.009). However, a negative correlation was observed between apoA5 and TG (r = -0.329, p = 0.017) after 12 weeks treatment. Conclusions Statin and fibrate combination therapy is more effective than statin alone in achieving a comprehensive lipid control for ACS patients. Serum apoA5 elevation after statin and fibrate combination treatment could be due to the synergistic effect of both drugs on hypertriglyceridemia control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, No, 139, Renmin Zhonglu, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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The polymorphism -1131T>C in apolipoprotein A5 gene is associated with dyslipidemia in Brazilian subjects. Gene 2012; 516:171-5. [PMID: 23266809 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) have been associated with higher triglyceride levels in many populations. The aim of the study was to determine the allelic and genotypic distribution of the APOA5 -1131T>C polymorphism and to identify the association of the genetic variant and the risk for dyslipidemia. METHODS We genotyped 109 dyslipidemic subjects and 107 controls. The total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-c were determined enzymatically. Comparison of means among groups was calculated by ANOVA. Significant differences among groups were evaluated by Student-Newman-Keuls test. RESULTS The minor allele C was more frequent in dyslipidemic subjects than controls (p=0.019) and confers an increased individual risk for dyslipidemia (OR=1.726, CI 95%=1.095-2.721). The genotype analysis by gender showed that this allele was more frequent in dyslipidemic males (p=0.037; OR=2.050, CI 95%=1.042-4.023). When participants were analyzed according to genotypes TT and TC/CC, C-carriers presented higher cholesterol and triglycerides levels than TT homozygous (p=0.046 and 0.049, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The allele C confers higher total cholesterol and triglycerides levels in dyslipidemic adults. The APOA5 -1131T>C polymorphism is associated with dyslipidemia in male subjects.
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15
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Garelnabi M, Lor K, Jin J, Chai F, Santanam N. The paradox of ApoA5 modulation of triglycerides: evidence from clinical and basic research. Clin Biochem 2012; 46:12-9. [PMID: 23000317 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) is a key regulator of plasma triglycerides (TG), even though its plasma concentration is very low compared to other known apoproteins. Over the years, researchers have attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ApoA5 regulates plasma TG in vivo. Though still under debate, two theories broadly describe how ApoA5 modulates TG levels: (i) ApoA5 enhances the catabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins and (ii) it inhibits the rate of production of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), the major carrier of TGs. This review will summarize the basic and clinical studies that describe the importance of ApoA5 in TG metabolism. Population studies conducted in various countries have demonstrated an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ApoA5 and the increased risk to cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome (including diabetes and obesity). ApoA5 is also highly expressed during liver regeneration and is an acute phase protein associated with HDL, which is independent of its effects on TG metabolism. CONCLUSION Despite considerable evidences available from clinical and basic research studies on the role of ApoA5 in TG metabolism and its indirect link to metabolic diseases, additional investigations are needed to understand the paradoxical role of this important apoprotein is modulated by both diet and its polymorphism variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Garelnabi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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16
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Yu BL, Wu CL, Zhao SP. Plasma apolipoprotein O level increased in the patients with acute coronary syndrome. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1952-7. [PMID: 22693255 PMCID: PMC3413234 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p023028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) O is a novel apolipoprotein that is present predominantly in
high density lipoprotein (HDL). However, overexpression of apoO does not impact on
plasma HDL levels or functionality in human apoA-I transgenic mice. Thus, the
physiological function of apoO is not yet known. In the present study, we
investigated relationships between plasma apoO levels and high-sensitive C-reactive
protein (hs-CRP) levels, as well as other lipid parameters in healthy subjects (n
= 111) and patients with established acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (n =
50). ApoO was measured by the sandwich dot-blot technique with recombinant apoO as a
protein standard. Mean apoO level in healthy subjects was 2.21 ± 0.83
µg/ml whereas it was 4.94 ± 1.59 µg/ml in ACS patients. There were
significant differences in plasma level of apoO between two groups
(P < 0.001). In univariate analysis, apoO correlated
significantly with lg(hsCRP) (r = 0.48, P
< 0.001) in ACS patients. Notably, no significant correlation between apoO and
other lipid parameters was observed. Logistic regression analysis showed that plasma
apoO level was an independent predictor of ACS (OR = 5.61, 95% CI
2.16–14.60, P < 0.001). In conclusion, apoO increased in
ACS patients, and may be regarded as an independent inflammatory predictor of ACS
patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-lian Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
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17
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Yang Y, Walijee SM, Jin J, Zhao SP, Peng DQ. Serum apolipoprotein A-V in patients with coronary artery disease and its association with triglyceride. J Clin Lipidol 2012; 6:462-8. [PMID: 23009782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein A-V (ApoA-V) has been shown to play an important role in the metabolism of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. However, data for the relationship between serum ApoA-V and TG level and the association between ApoA-V levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To investigate plasma ApoA-V level and its association with TG in patients with CAD determined by angiography. METHODS Three hundred forty subjects who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) were classified into a CAD group (n = 211) and a non-CAD group (n = 129) according to the results of their CAG. Serum ApoA-V levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Patients in the CAD group had greater ApoA-V levels than controls (192.0 ± 114.6 ng/mL vs 164.4 ± 107.5 ng/mL, P < .05). The concentration of ApoA-V was positively correlated to TG level (r = 0.229, P < .01). This correlation was more intense in non-CAD group (r = 0.306, P < .01) than in CAD group (r = 0.172, P < .05). ApoA-V was positively associated with Gensini score. However, the contribution of ApoA-V to Gensini score and CAD risk disappeared after adjustment for the TG level. CONCLUSION The positive correlation between serum ApoA-V and TG differs in strength between control and CAD patients. The correlation between ApoA-V and CAD is confounded by the effect of TG. We speculate that the increase of ApoA-V may be a consequence of compensation for the increased demand for plasma TG hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan, PR China
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Feitosa MF, An P, Ordovas JM, Ketkar S, Hopkins PN, Straka RJ, Arnett DK, Borecki IB. Association of gene variants with lipid levels in response to fenofibrate is influenced by metabolic syndrome status. Atherosclerosis 2011; 215:435-9. [PMID: 21324458 PMCID: PMC3777277 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fenofibrate therapy reduces serum triglycerides (TG) and increases high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and thus addresses the atherogenic dyslipidemia associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our hypothesis is that genetic factors contribute to the variability of lipid response to fenofibrate differently in subjects with MetS and without MetS. METHODS We investigated the association in 25 candidate genes with lipid responses to a 3-weeks trial on fenofibrate in subjects with and without MetS. We employed growth curve mixed models to generate the response phenotypes to fenofibrate in TG, HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and examined the genetic associations accounting for family dependencies. RESULTS After correcting for multiple testing (p<0.05) and accounting for significant differences in the association effect sizes between subjects with and without MetS (p<0.05), variants of APOA5 (rs662799) and APOE (rs429358) were associated with HDL-C and LDL-C responses in MetS subjects, while APOA4 (rs675) was associated with TG response in non-MetS subjects. There was also suggestive evidence that MetS may interact with APOA4 (p=0.017), APOA5 (p=0.06), and APOE (p=0.09) to the variation to lipid responses. CONCLUSIONS Genetic effects that contributed to the variability of lipid responses to fenofibrate may differ in subjects with and without MetS. This research may provide guidance for more personalized and effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108-2212, USA.
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Decreased apolipoprotein A5 is implicated in insulin resistance-related hypertriglyceridemia in obesity. Atherosclerosis 2009; 210:563-8. [PMID: 20047745 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is associated insulin resistance in obese people. Recently identified apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) is involved in triglyceride (TG) metabolism. This study was to investigate the role of apoA5 in insulin resistance-related hypertriglyceridemia in obesity. 682 participants including 340 non-obese individuals and 342 obese individuals were recruited in this study. Plasma apoA5 levels were measured. The insulin resistance in participants was assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). An insulin resistant and hypertriglyceridemic rat model was established by high-fructose diet with obese Zucker rats as positive controls. Besides, two insulin resistant models in vitro were induced by insulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) in HepG2 cells. Obese participants had lower plasma apoA5 levels. Plasma apoA5 levels were inversely correlated with TG, body mass index and HOMA-IR in humans. Furthermore, hepatic and plasma apoA5 reduced in fructose-fed rats whereas no significant changes of apoA5 were observed in obese Zucker rats. In addition, treatment of HepG2 cells with insulin and TNFalpha decreased apoA5 expression and increased TG content. Thus, decreased apolipoprotein A5 is implicated in insulin resistance-related hypertriglyceridemia in obesity.
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