1
|
Hou Y, Liu B. Relationship Between Hypertension and Hearing Loss: Analysis of the Related Factors. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:845-856. [PMID: 38774248 PMCID: PMC11107936 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s458869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The impact of hypertension extends to hearing loss, aging, and mental Health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of hearing loss and hearing thresholds at different frequencies in individuals with hypertension. Through a comprehensive analysis, in the present study, it aimed to uncover the contributing factors that underlie hearing loss in this patient cohort, shedding light on the complex relationship between hypertension and auditory impairment. Patients and Methods This was a single-center population-based observational study, and clinical, biological, and hospital data were collected from the inpatient ward. In the present study, 517 patients (1034 ears) with or without hypertension were included, and the proportion of patients with hearing loss, mean pure-tone average hearing threshold, low-frequency pure-tone average hearing threshold (LFPTA), medium-frequency pure-tone average hearing threshold (MFPTA) and high-frequency pure-tone average hearing threshold (HFPTA) were evaluated. Risk factors related to hearing loss and hearing threshold were also estimated at different frequencies. Results The proportion of patients with hearing loss was higher in the hypertensive group than in the nonhypertensive group (P<0.05). After including risk factors for cardiovascular disease that can have an impact on the parameters of hearing and ambulatory blood pressure in the regression model, factors related to hearing loss included the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and the standard deviation of the 24-hour systolic blood pressure (24h-SSD). ACR, 24h-SSD, and day systolic blood pressure (Day SBP) were associated with the mean pure-tone average hearing threshold, LFPTA, MFPTA, and HFPTA. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of ACR + 24h-SSD for hearing loss was 0.873, with a sensitivity of 86.73%, specificity of 90.52%, and a 95% confidence interval of 0.821-0.914. Conclusion Hypertension is correlated with hearing loss, and the combination of ACR and 24h-SSD demonstrates an improved predictive capacity for hearing loss in hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinjing Hou
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee PN, Coombs KJ, Hamling JS. Evidence relating cigarettes, cigars and pipes to cardiovascular disease and stroke: Meta-analysis of recent data from three regions. World J Meta-Anal 2023; 11:290-312. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i6.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More recent data are required relating to disease risk for use of various smoked products and of other products containing nicotine. Earlier we published meta-analyses of recent results for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer on the relative risk (RR) of current compared to never product use for cigarettes, cigars and pipes based on evidence from North America, Europe and Japan. We now report corresponding up-to-date evidence for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke.
AIM To estimate, using recent data, AMI, IHD and stroke RRs by region for current smoking of cigarettes, cigars and pipes.
METHODS Publications in English from 2015 to 2020 were considered that, based on epidemiological studies in the three regions, estimated the current smoking RR of AMI, IHD or stroke for one or more of the three products. The studies should involve at least 100 cases of stroke or cardiovascular disease (CVD), not be restricted to populations with specific medical conditions, and should be of cohort or nested case-control study design or randomized controlled trials. A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, examining titles and abstracts initially, and then full texts. Additional papers were sought from reference lists of selected papers, reviews and meta-analyses. For each study identified, we entered the most recent available data on current smoking of each product, as well as the characteristics of the study and the RR estimates. Combined RR estimates were derived using random-effects meta-analysis for stroke and, in the case of CVD, separately for IHD and AMI. For cigarette smoking, where far more data were available, heterogeneity was studied by a wide range of factors. For cigar and pipe smoking, a more limited heterogeneity analysis was carried out. A more limited assessment of variation in risk by daily number of cigarettes smoked was also conducted. Results were compared with those from previous meta-analyses published since 2000.
RESULTS Current cigarette smoking: Ten studies gave a random-effects RR for AMI of 2.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.40-3.08], derived from 13 estimates between 1.47 and 4.72. Twenty-three studies gave an IHD RR of 2.01 (95%CI: 1.84-2.21), using 28 estimates between 0.81 and 4.30. Thirty-one studies gave a stroke RR of 1.62 (95%CI: 1.48-1.77), using 37 estimates from 0.66 to 2.91. Though heterogeneous, only two of the overall 78 RRs were below 1.0, 71 significantly (P < 0.05) exceeding 1.0. The heterogeneity was only partly explicable by the factors studied. Estimates were generally higher for females and for later-starting studies. They were significantly higher for North America than Europe for AMI, but not the other diseases. For stroke, the only endpoint with multiple Japanese studies, RRs were lower there than for Western studies. Adjustment for multiple factors tended to increase RRs. Our RR estimates and the variations by sex and region are consistent with earlier meta-analyses. RRs generally increased with amount smoked. Current cigar and pipe smoking: No AMI data were available. One North American study reported reduced IHD risk for non-exclusive cigar or pipe smoking, but considered few cases. Two North American studies found no increased stroke risk with exclusive cigar smoking, one reporting reduced risk for exclusive pipe smoking (RR 0.24, 95%CI: 0.06-0.91). The cigar results agree with an earlier review showing no clear risk increase for IHD or stroke.
CONCLUSION Current cigarette smoking increases risk of AMI, IHD and stroke, RRs being 2.72, 2.01 and 1.62. The stroke risk is lower in Japan, no increase was seen for cigars/pipes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nicholas Lee
- Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, P.N.Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., Sutton SM2 5DA, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Katharine J Coombs
- Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, P.N.Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., Sutton SM2 5DA, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Jan S Hamling
- Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, P.N.Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., Sutton SM2 5DA, Surrey, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Miao S, Chen L, Liu B, Li YB, Duan RS. Association and mediating mechanism between remnant cholesterol and first-ever stroke among the Chinese general population. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1161367. [PMID: 37304024 PMCID: PMC10247974 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1161367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Remnant cholesterol (RC) has been suggested to be implicated in atherosclerosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between RC and first-ever stroke in the Chinese general population and to investigate whether the association is mediated via hypertension or diabetes. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort analysis of participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Participants without previous stroke and myocardial infarction in 2009 were enrolled and followed up in 2011 and 2015. Logistic regression analyses were adopted to explore the association of RC with stroke risk. Propensity score methods and doubly robust estimation method were used to ensure the robustness of our findings. Potential mediators were identified by mediation analyses. Results A total of 7,035 participants were involved, and during 6 years of follow-up, 78 (1.1%) participants experienced a first-ever stroke. Participants with high RC had a significantly higher incidence of stroke (1.4% versus 0.8%; p = 0.007). High RC was associated with 74% higher stroke risk after adjusting for multiple relevant variables (odds ratio [OR], 1.74; 95% CI, 1.06-2.85). The association was consistent in analyses using propensity score methods and doubly robust estimation method. Hypertension showed a significant mediating effect on the association between RC and stroke, while the mediating effect of diabetes was not significant. Conclusion High RC increased the risk of first-ever stroke in the Chinese general population without previous stroke and myocardial infarction, partially through the pathway of hypertension. RC might be a potential target for the primary prevention of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurology, ZiBo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Yan-Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Rui-Sheng Duan
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen CJ, Liao WY, Chattopadhyay A, Lu TP. Exploring the genetic correlation of cardiovascular diseases and mood disorders in the UK Biobank. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2023; 32:e31. [PMID: 37161899 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796023000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths globally. Mortality and incidence of CVDs are significantly higher in people with mood disorders. About 81.1% of CVD patients were reported with comorbidities in 2019, where the second most common comorbidity was due to major depressive disorder (MDD). This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the genetic correlation between CVDs and mood disorders by using data from the UK Biobank towards understanding the influence of genetic factors on the comorbidity due to CVDs and mood disorders. METHODS The UK Biobank database provides genetic and health information from half a million adults, aged 40-69 years, recruited between 2006 and 2010. A total of 117,925 participants and 6,128,294 variants were included for analysis after applying exclusion criteria and quality control steps. This study focused on two CVD phenotypes, two mood disorders and 12 cardiometabolic-related traits to conduct association studies. RESULTS The results indicated a significant positive genetic correlation between CVDs and overall mood disorders and MDD specifically, showing substantial genetic overlap. Genetic correlation between CVDs and bipolar disorder was not significant. Furthermore, significant genetic correlation between mood disorders and cardiometabolic traits was also reported. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study can be used to understand that CVDs and mood disorders share a great deal of genetic liability in individuals of European ancestry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jen Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Liao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amrita Chattopadhyay
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Center of Genomics and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Lu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mendes V, Niforou A, Kasdagli MI, Ververis E, Naska A. Intake of legumes and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:22-37. [PMID: 36411221 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To summarize the evidence on the association between the intake of legumes and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) overall, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and to identify optimal intake levels for reduced disease risk through a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS We have systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to March, 2022 for the retrieval of intervention and observational studies (PROSPERO Reg. number: CRD42021247565). Pooled relative risks (RRs) comparing extreme categories of intake were computed using random-effects models. One-stage dose-response meta-analyses were also performed using random-effects models. 22 831 articles were screened resulting in 26 eligible observational studies (21 prospective cohort and 5 case-control studies). When comparing extreme categories of intake, the consumption of legumes was inversely associated with CVD (n = 25: RR = 0.94; 95%CI:0.89,0.99) and CHD (n = 16: RR = 0.90; 95%CI:0.85,0.96), but not with stroke (n = 9: RR = 1.00; 95%CI:0.93,1.08). We further found evidence for an inverse dose-response association with CHD, increasing in magnitude up to an intake of 400 g/week, after which the benefit seems to level-off. CONCLUSIONS The intake of legumes was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and CHD, but not with stroke, among individuals with the highest consumption levels. An intake level of 400 g/week seemed to provide the optimal cardiovascular benefit. Further research is needed to better understand the role of legumes in stroke subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Mendes
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Niforou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria I Kasdagli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ermolaos Ververis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
| | - Androniki Naska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Metabolic syndrome in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke: prevalence and association with coronary heart disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13042. [PMID: 35906390 PMCID: PMC9338011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been well linked with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the general population, but studies have rarely explored their association among patients with stroke. We examine prevalence of MetS and its association with CHD in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. This hospital-based study included 1851 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke (mean age 61.2 years, 36.5% women) who were hospitalized into two university hospitals in Shandong, China (January 2016–February 2017). Data were collected through interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. MetS was defined following the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, and the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. CHD was defined following clinical criteria. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression models. The overall prevalence of MetS was 33.4% by NECP criteria, 47.2% by IDF criteria, and 32.5% by CDS criteria, with the prevalence being decreased with age and higher in women than in men (p < 0.05). High blood pressure, high triglycerides, and low HDL-C were significantly associated with CHD (multi-adjusted odds ratio [OR] range 1.27–1.38, p < 0.05). The multi-adjusted OR of CHD associated with MetS defined by the NECP criteria, IDF criteria, and CDS criteria (vs. no MetS) was 1.27 (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.57), 1.44 (1.18–1.76), and 1.27 (1.03–1.57), respectively. In addition, having 1–2 abnormal components (vs. none) of MetS was associated with CHD (multi-adjusted OR range 1.66–1.72, p < 0.05). MetS affects over one-third of patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. MetS is associated with an increased likelihood of CHD in stroke patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gender-specific associations of speech-frequency hearing loss, high-frequency hearing loss, and cognitive impairment among older community dwellers in China. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:857-868. [PMID: 34661900 PMCID: PMC9076728 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aims This study aimed atinvestigating the relationship between speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL), high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL), and cognitive impairment (CI) and then to determine whether there are any differences in gender among older community dwellers in China. Methods 1012 adults aged ≥ 60 years (428 males; average age, 72.61 ± 5.51 years) and living in Chongming District, Shanghai were enrolled in the study. We used the audiometric definition of hearing loss (HL) adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Speech-frequencies were measured at 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz; high-frequencies were measured at 4 kHz and 8 kHz. Pure tone average (PTA) was measured as hearing sensitivity. Cognitive performance was measured using the mini mental state examination (MMSE). Results Our studies demonstrated a 37.6% prevalence of HL in males and a 36.0% prevalence of HL in females. Adjusted for confounding variables, the results from a multivariate analysis showed that SFHL was associated with CI in females (OR = 2.922, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.666–5.124) and males (OR = 2.559, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.252–5.232). However, HFHL was associated with CI only in females (OR = 3.490, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.834–6.643). HL was associated with poorer cognitive scores (P < 0.05). “Registration” (P < 0.05) in MMSE was associated with speech- and high-frequency hearing sensitivity. Conclusions The associations between HL and CI varied according to gender in older community-dwellers, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved in the etiology of HL. Moreover, hearing sensitivity was negatively associated with cognition scores; therefore, early screening for HL and CI among older community-dwelling adults is advised.
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsunaga M, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Li Y, Yamagishi K, Tanabe N, Wada Y, Ota A, Tamakoshi K, Tamakoshi A. Impact of Body Mass Index on Obesity-Related Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality; The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 29:1547-1562. [PMID: 34880165 PMCID: PMC9529382 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to examine the association of obesity-related cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with body mass index (BMI) and the estimated population attributable fraction in lean Asians. METHODS We studied 102,535 participants aged 40-79 years without histories of cancer or CVD at baseline between 1988 and 2009. The cause-specific hazard ratios (csHRs) of BMI categories (<18.5, 18.5-20.9, 21.0-22.9 [reference], 23.0-24.9, 25.0-27.4, and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) were estimated for each endpoint. The events considered were mortalities from obesity-related cancer (esophageal, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, kidney, female breast, and endometrial cancer) and those from CVD (coronary heart disease and stroke). Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated for these endpoints. RESULTS During a 19.2-year median follow-up, 2906 died from obesity-related cancer and 4532 died from CVD. The multivariable-adjusted csHRs (95% confidence interval) of higher BMI categories (25-27.4 and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) for obesity-related cancer mortality were 0.93 (0.78, 1.10) and 1.18 (0.92, 1.50) in men and 1.25 (1.04, 1.50) and 1.48 (1.19, 1.84) in women, respectively. The corresponding csHRs for CVD mortality were 1.27 (1.10, 1.46) and 1.59 (1.30, 1.95) in men and 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) and 1.44 (1.21, 1.72) in women, respectively. The PAF of a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 for obesity-related cancer was -0.2% in men and 6.7% in women and that for CVD was 5.0% in men and 4.5% in women. CONCLUSION A BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 is associated with an increased risk of obesity-related cancer in women and CVD in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Matsunaga
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Yuanying Li
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba
| | - Naohito Tanabe
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture
| | | | - Atsuhiko Ota
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Koji Tamakoshi
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University School of Health Science
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naim J, Wahiduddin W, Masni M, Amiruddin R, Irwandy I, Bustan MN. Determinants of Coronary Heart Disease Incidence among Indonesian Hajj Pilgrims Hospitalized in Saudi Arabia in 2019. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main causes of death worldwide, including in the hajj pilgrims. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common CVDs in Indonesian hajj pilgrims hospitalized in Saudi Arabia.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the determinants of the CHD incidence among Indonesian hajj pilgrims hospitalized in Saudi Arabia in 2019.
METHODS: This study was an observational analytic study with a case–control design. The study was conducted in Makassar using data from the integrated Hajj computerized system in the health sector (siskohatkes) Hajj Health Center (Puskeshaji) in January–June 2021. Cases were pilgrims hospitalized in Saudi Arabia with a diagnosis of CHD, about 186 people, and controls were pilgrims hospitalized with diagnoses other than CVDs. Selection of controls by matching age and sex with a ratio of 1:1. The determinants analyzed included education, high blood pressure, high blood sugar levels, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, excess body mass index (BMI), and smoking. Data analysis was using the STATA program with an odds ratio (OR) test and multiple logistic regression.
RESULTS: The most respondents were 65 years (48.39%), female respondents, about 61.83%. Most respondents’ education was in elementary school, about 31.99%. Multivariate analysis showed that high blood pressure (OR = 2.32, 95% confidence index [CI] = 1.50–3.57), high blood sugar levels (RO = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.06–3.40), high LDL cholesterol levels (RO = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.15–2.88), and excess BMI (RO = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.07–2.68) were risk factors for the CHD incidence. However, education and smoking were not risk factors for CHD.
CONCLUSION: By multiple logistic regression analyzes, the study revealed that the probability of CHD when having those four risk factors was 85.69%.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Yatsuya H, Tanaka S, Iso H, Okayama A, Tsuji I, Sakata K, Miyamoto Y, Ueshima H, Miura K, Murakami Y, Okamura T. Estimation of 10-Year Risk of Death from Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Disease in a Pooled Analysis of Japanese Cohorts: EPOCH-JAPAN. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 28:816-825. [PMID: 33041313 PMCID: PMC8326173 DOI: 10.5551/jat.58958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to develop and validate risk prediction models to estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS We evaluated a total of 44,869 individuals aged 40-79 years from eight Japanese prospective cohorts to derive coefficients of risk equations using cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models. Discrimination (C-index) of the equation was examined in each cohort and summarised using random-effect meta-analyses. Calibration of the equation was assessed using Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-squared statistic. RESULTS Within a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we observed 765 deaths due to CVD (276 CHDs and 489 strokes). After backward selection, age, sex, current smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), proteinuria, prevalent diabetes mellitus, the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDLC), interaction terms of age by SBP, and age by current smoking were retained as predictors for CHD. Sex was excluded in the stroke equation. We did not consider TC/HDLC as a risk factor for the stroke and CVD equations. The pooled C-indices for CHD, stroke, and CVD were 0.83, 0.80, and 0.81, respectively, and the corresponding p-values of the Hosmer-Lemeshow tests were 0.18, 0.003, and 0.25, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Risk equations in the present study can adequately estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from CHD, stroke, and CVD. Future work will evaluate the system as an education and risk communication tool for primary prevention of CHD and stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanying Li
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Sachiko Tanaka
- Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akira Okayama
- Research Institute for Lifestyle-Related Disease Prevention
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics & Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kiyomi Sakata
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science.,Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | | | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang H, Ba Y, Cai RC, Xing Q. Association between diabetes mellitus and the risk for major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in women compared with men: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024935. [PMID: 31320342 PMCID: PMC6661591 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported sex differences in associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke; however, the risk for cardiac death and all-cause mortality in women compared with men has not been reported. Therefore, this quantitative meta-analysis was performed to provide reliable estimates of sex differences in the effect of DM on major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality, irrespective of DM type. DESIGN Meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched in April 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Investigations designed as prospective cohort studies that examined the association between DM and major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality stratified according to sex were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by 2 of the authors, and the relative risk ratio (RRR) obtained using a random effects model was used to measure sex differences in the associations of DM with major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Thirty prospective cohort studies that reported data from 1 148 188 individuals were included. The pooled women-to-men RRR suggested that female sex was associated with an increased risk for CHD (RRR 1.52(95% CI 1.32 to 1.76); p<0.001), stroke (RRR 1.23(95% CI 1.09 to 1.39); p=0.001), cardiac death (RRR 1.49(95% CI 1.11 to 2.00); p=0.009) and all-cause mortality (RRR 1.51(95% CI 1.23 to 1.85); p<0.001). In addition, sex differences for the investigated outcomes in the comparison between DM and non-DM patients were variable after stratification of studies according to publication year, country, sample size, assessment of DM, follow-up duration, adjustment for important cardiovascular risk factors and study quality. CONCLUSIONS Findings of the present study suggested that women with DM had an extremely high risk for CHD, stroke, cardiac death and all-cause mortality compared with men with DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Ba
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Run-Ce Cai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qian Xing
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Umesawa M, Sairenchi T, Haruyama Y, Nagao M, Kobashi G. Association between hypertension and hearing impairment in health check-ups among Japanese workers: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028392. [PMID: 31023765 PMCID: PMC6502007 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prevention of hearing impairment (HI) is important because recovery of hearing is typically difficult. Epidemiological studies have examined the risk factors for HI. However, the association between hypertension and HI remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between hypertension and HI. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Japanese workers in an information and communication technologies company. PARTICIPANTS Of 24 823 employees of the same company, we recruited 13 475 participants who underwent hearing testing by audiometry in annual health check-ups and did not have missing data regarding body measurement, blood test results and drinking/smoking status (mean age: 49.4 years; males: 86.4%). PRIMARY OUTCOMES Hearing tests were performed at two frequencies (1 kHz, 4 kHz). We defined the inability of participants to respond to 30 dB at 1 kHz and/or 40 dB at 4 kHz as overall moderate HI. We also defined moderate HI at 1 or 4 kHz as an abnormal finding at 1 or 4 kHz. We defined hypertension as ≥140 mm Hg systolic blood pressure and/or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic blood pressure and/or taking medication for hypertension. We examined the association between hypertension and HI after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking/drinking status, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and proteinuria. RESULTS Moderate HI was identified in 980 participants (7.3%). Of these, 441 participants (3.3%) exhibited moderate HI at 1 kHz, and 787 participants (5.8%) exhibited moderate HI at 4 kHz. Subjects with hypertension showed a higher prevalence of any HI. The prevalence of overall moderate HI, moderate HI at 1 kHz and moderate HI at 4 kHz among subjects with hypertension was 8.7%, 4.3% and 6.8%, while those among subjects without hypertension was 6.9%, 3.0% and 5.6% (p<0.01, p<0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Hypertension was associated with moderate HI in Japanese workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Umesawa
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Toshimi Sairenchi
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Yasuo Haruyama
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Masanori Nagao
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Gen Kobashi
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu G, You D, Wong L, Duan D, Kong F, Zhang X, Zhao J, Xing W, Li L, Han L. Risk of all-cause and CHD mortality in women versus men with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 180:243-255. [PMID: 30668524 PMCID: PMC6391911 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown sex-specific differences in all-cause and CHD mortality in type 2 diabetes. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a global picture of the estimated influence of type 2 diabetes on the risk of all-cause and CHD mortality in women vs men. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies published from their starting dates to Aug 7, 2018. The sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and their pooled ratio (women vs men) of all-cause and CHD mortality associated with type 2 diabetes were obtained through an inverse variance-weighted random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were used to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS The 35 analyzed prospective cohort studies included 2 314 292 individuals, among whom 254 038 all-cause deaths occurred. The pooled women vs men ratio of the HRs for all-cause and CHD mortality were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.12-1.23, I2 = 81.6%) and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.49-2.61, I2 = 86.4%), respectively. The pooled estimate of the HR for all-cause mortality was approximately 1.30 in articles in which the duration of follow-up was longer than 10 years and 1.10 in articles in which the duration of follow-up was less than 10 years. The pooled HRs for all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes was 2.33 (95% CI: 2.02-2.69) in women and 1.91 (95% CI: 1.72-2.12) in men, compared with their healthy counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The effect of diabetes on all-cause and CHD mortality is approximately 17 and 97% greater, respectively, for women than for men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Dingyun You
- Department of Science and Technology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liping Wong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Donghui Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Fanqian Kong
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Wenhua Xing
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Han or L Li or W Xing; or or
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Han or L Li or W Xing; or or
| | - Liyuan Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Han or L Li or W Xing; or or
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Villain C, Metzger M, Combe C, Fouque D, Frimat L, Jacquelinet C, Laville M, Briançon S, Klein J, Schanstra JP, Robinson BM, Mansencal N, Stengel B, Massy ZA. Prevalence of atheromatous and non-atheromatous cardiovascular disease by age in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 35:827-836. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) and age are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), little is known about the relative proportions of atheromatous and non-atheromatous CVD by age in CKD patients.
Methods
We used baseline data from the French Chronic Kidney Disease-Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) cohort of 3033 patients (65% men) with CKD Stages 3–4 to study crude and adjusted associations between age, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), atheromatous CVD (coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and stroke) and non-atheromatous CVD (heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and valvular heart disease).
Results
Mean age was 66.8 and mean Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) eGFR was 32.9 mL/min/1.73 m2. In the <65, (65–74), (75–84) and ≥85 year age groups, the prevalence was, respectively, 18.7, 35.5, 42.9 and 37.8% for atheromatous CVD, and 14.9, 28.4, 38.1 and 56.4% for non-atheromatous CVD. After adjusting for albuminuria, sex and CVD risk factors, the odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for (65–74), (75–84) and ≥85 age groups (compared with the <65 group) was, respectively, 1.99 (1.61–2.46), 2.89 (2.30–3.62), 2.72 (1.77–4.18) for atheromatous CVD and 2.07 (1.66–2.58), 3.15 (2.50–3.97), 7.04 (4.67–10.61) for non-atheromatous CVD. Compared with patients with an eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2, those with an eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 had a higher OR for atheromatous CVD [1.21 (1.01–1.44)] and non-atheromatous CVD [1.16 (0.97–1.38)].
Conclusions
In this large cohort of CKD patients, both atheromatous and non-atheromatous CVD were highly prevalent and more frequent in older patients. In a given age group, the prevalence of atheromatous and non-atheromatous CVD was similar (except for a greater prevalence of non-atheromatous CVD after 85).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Villain
- Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse, CHU Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Metzger
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Christian Combe
- Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse Aphérèses, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM Unité 1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Denis Fouque
- Service de Néphrologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Université Lyon, UCBL, Carmen, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Luc Frimat
- CHRU Nancy-Brabois, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM CIC-EC CIE6 - EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy Université, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christian Jacquelinet
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Agence de Biomédecine, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Maurice Laville
- Service de Néphrologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Université Lyon, UCBL, Carmen, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Serge Briançon
- INSERM CIC-EC CIE6 - EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy Université, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julie Klein
- INSERM Unité 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- INSERM Unité 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicolas Mansencal
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Bénédicte Stengel
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ziad A Massy
- Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse, CHU Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fan D, Li L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Ma X, Wu L, Qin G. Effect of hyperlipidemia on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:102. [PMID: 29739462 PMCID: PMC5941465 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was to explore the effect of hyperlipidemia on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods Three hundred ninety five patients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2016 were followed up with an average of 3.8 years. The incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases between diabetes combined with hyperlipidemia group (195 patients) and diabetes group (200 patients) were made a comparison. Multivariable Cox’s proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the effect of hyperlipidemia on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, body mass index and hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein were higher in diabetes combined with hyperlipidemia group than in diabetes group (P < 0.05). At the end of the follow-up period, all-cause mortality, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases mortality, and the incidence of myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and total cardiovascular events were significantly higher in diabetes combined with hyperlipidemia group than in diabetes group (P < 0.05). The analysis results of multivariable Cox’s proportional hazards regression model showed that the risks of myocardial infarction and total cardiovascular events in diabetes combined with hyperlipidemia group were respectively 1.54 times (95%CI 1.13–2.07) and 1.68 times (95%CI 1.23–2.24) higher than those in diabetes group. Population attributable risk percent of all-cause mortality and total cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes combined with hyperlipidemia was 9.6% and 26.8%, respectively. Conclusions Hyperlipidemia may promote vascular endothelial injury, increasing the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes. Medical staffs should pay attention to the control of blood lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes to delay the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dabei Fan
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Li Li
- Ophthalmologic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhizhen Li
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sisti LG, Dajko M, Campanella P, Shkurti E, Ricciardi W, de Waure C. The effect of multifactorial lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials conducted in the general population and high risk groups. Prev Med 2018; 109:82-97. [PMID: 29291422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature mortality and disability accounting for one third of all deaths worldwide with considerable impacts on economics and on the quality of life. The evidence suggests that a multifactorial lifestyle intervention might have a role in the CVDs risk reduction, especially in the risk populations, nonetheless the effects on modifiable CVDs risk factors have not been completely explored. Our work aimed at evaluating the impact of multifactorial lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular risk modification, both in the general and risk population. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were performed by including articles published up to April 16th, 2016. RCTs were selected if they had investigated the impact of multifactorial lifestyle interventions on lipids, blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference, smoking and physical activity. Changes in the level of modifiable risk factors from baseline were evaluated. Search resulted in 19,847 studies, of which 36 were included in the analysis. Compared to a usual care, the multifactorial lifestyle intervention is able to lower the blood pressure, total cholesterol, BMI and waist circumference, at both 6 and 12months, and to increase physical activity at 12months. Better results were obtained in primary prevention and in moderate and high risk groups. Multifactorial lifestyle interventions clearly represent a valid tool for reducing the cardiovascular risk factors and should be implemented in the risk groups and in primary prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Sisti
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Dajko
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - P Campanella
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - E Shkurti
- University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
| | - W Ricciardi
- President - Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - C de Waure
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee PN, Forey BA, Thornton AJ, Coombs KJ. The relationship of cigarette smoking in Japan to lung cancer, COPD, ischemic heart disease and stroke: A systematic review. F1000Res 2018; 7:204. [PMID: 30800285 PMCID: PMC6367657 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To present up-to-date meta-analyses of evidence from Japan relating smoking to major smoking-related diseases. Methods: We restricted attention to lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, considering relative risks (RRs) for current and ex-smokers relative to never smokers. Evidence by amount smoked and time quit was also considered. For IHD and stroke only, studies had to provide age-adjusted RRs, with age-specific results considered. For each disease we extended earlier published databases to include more recent studies. Meta-analyses were conducted, with random-effects RRs and tests of heterogeneity presented. Results: Of 40 studies, 26 reported results for lung cancer and 7 to 9 for each other disease. For current smoking, RRs (95%CIs) were lung cancer 3.59 (3.25-3.96), COPD 3.57 (2.72-4.70), IHD 2.21 (1.96-2.50) and stroke 1.40 (1.25-1.57). Ex-smoking RRs were lower. Data for lung cancer and IHD showed a clear tendency for RRs to rise with increasing amount smoked and decrease with increasing time quit. Dose-response data were unavailable for COPD and unclear for stroke, where the association was weaker. Conclusions: Compared to studies in other Asian and Western countries, current smoking RRs were quite similar for IHD and stroke. The comparison is not clear for COPD, where the Japanese data, mainly from cross-sectional studies, is limited. For lung cancer, the RRs are similar to those in other Asian countries, but substantially lower than in Western countries. Explanations for this are unclear, but less accurate reporting of smoking by Japanese may contribute to the difference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter N. Lee
- P.N. Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd., Sutton, SM2 5DA, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Network pharmacology exploration reveals endothelial inflammation as a common mechanism for stroke and coronary artery disease treatment of Danhong injection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15427. [PMID: 29133791 PMCID: PMC5684234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Danhong injection (DHI) is the most widely prescribed Chinese medicine for both stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD), its underlying common molecular mechanisms remain unclear. An integrated network pharmacology and experimental verification approach was used to decipher common pharmacological mechanisms of DHI on stroke and CAD treatment. A compound-target-disease & function-pathway network was constructed and analyzed, indicating that 37 ingredients derived from DH (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Flos Carthami tinctorii and DHI) modulated 68 common targets shared by stroke and CAD. In-depth network analysis results of the top diseases, functions, pathways and upstream regulators implied that a common underlying mechanism linking DHI’s role in stroke and CAD treatment was inflammatory response in the process of atherosclerosis. Experimentally, DHI exerted comprehensive anti-inflammatory effects on LPS, ox-LDL or cholesterol crystal-induced NF-κB, c-jun and p38 activation, as well as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 secretion in vascular endothelial cells. Ten of 14 predicted ingredients were verified to have significant anti-inflammatory activities on LPS-induced endothelial inflammation. DHI exerts pharmacological efficacies on both stroke and CAD through multi-ingredient, multi-target, multi-function and multi-pathway mode. Anti-endothelial inflammation therapy serves as a common underlying mechanism. This study provides a new understanding of DHI in clinical application on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
19
|
Auer J, Auer L. Sequelae of cardiovascular risk factors: Similarities and differences. Atherosclerosis 2017; 261:155-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|