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Xie J, Lin H, Zuo A, Shao J, Sun W, Wang S, Song J, Yao W, Luo Y, Sun J, Wang M. The JMJD family of histone demethylase and their intimate links to cardiovascular disease. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111046. [PMID: 38242266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate and mortality rate of cardiovascular disease rank first in the world. It is associated with various high-risk factors, and there is no single cause. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or histone modification, actively participate in the initiation and development of cardiovascular diseases. Histone lysine methylation is a type of histone post-translational modification. The human Jumonji C domain (JMJD) protein family consists of more than 30 members. JMJD proteins participate in many key nuclear processes and play a key role in the specific regulation of gene expression, DNA damage and repair, and DNA replication. Importantly, increasing evidence shows that JMJD proteins are abnormally expressed in cardiovascular diseases, which may be a potential mechanism for the occurrence and development of these diseases. Here, we discuss the key roles of JMJD proteins in various common cardiovascular diseases. This includes histone lysine demethylase, which has been studied in depth, and less-studied JMJD members. Furthermore, we focus on the epigenetic changes induced by each JMJD member, summarize recent research progress, and evaluate their relationship with cardiovascular diseases and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Anna Zuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junqiao Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shaoting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianda Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanyu Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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2
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Caldwell BA, Li L. Epigenetic regulation of innate immune dynamics during inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:589-606. [PMID: 38301269 PMCID: PMC10980576 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells play essential roles in modulating both immune defense and inflammation by expressing a diverse array of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, phagocytizing pathogens to promote immune clearance, and assisting with the adaptive immune processes through antigen presentation. Rudimentary innate immune "memory" states such as training, tolerance, and exhaustion develop based on the nature, strength, and duration of immune challenge, thereby enabling dynamic transcriptional reprogramming to alter present and future cell behavior. Underlying transcriptional reprogramming are broad changes to the epigenome, or chromatin alterations above the level of DNA sequence. These changes include direct modification of DNA through cytosine methylation as well as indirect modifications through alterations to histones that comprise the protein core of nucleosomes. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of how these epigenetic changes influence the dynamic behavior of the innate immune system during both acute and chronic inflammation, as well as how stable changes to the epigenome result in long-term alterations of innate cell behavior related to pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A. Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington St. SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington St. SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
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3
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Chen Y, Xiao X, He Q, Yao RQ, Zhang GY, Fan JR, Xue CX, Huang L. Knowledge mapping of digital medicine in cardiovascular diseases from 2004 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25318. [PMID: 38356571 PMCID: PMC10864893 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To review studies on digital medicine in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), discuss its development process, knowledge structure and research hotspots, and provide a perspective for researchers in this field. Methods The relevant literature in recent 20 years (January 2004 to October 2022) were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). CiteSpace was used to demonstrate our knowledge of keywords, co-references and speculative frontiers. VOSviewer was used to chart the contributions of authors, institutions and countries and incorporates their link strength into the table. Results A total of 5265 English articles in set timespan were included. The number of publications increased steadily annually. The United States (US) produced the highest number of publications, followed by England. Most publications were from Harvard Medicine School, followed by Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham Women's Hospital. The most authoritative academic journal was JMIR mHealth and uHealth. Noseworthy PA may have the highest influence in this intersected field with the highest number of citations and total link strength. The utilization of wearable mobile devices in the context of CVD, encompassing the identification of risk factors, diagnosis and prevention of diseases, as well as early intervention and remote management of diseases, has been widely acknowledged as a knowledge base and an area of current interest. To investigate the impact of various digital medicine interventions on chronic care and assess their clinical effectiveness, examine the potential of machine learning (ML) in delivering clinical care for atrial fibrillation (AF) and identifying early disease risk factors, as well as explore the development of disease prediction models using neural networks (NNs), ML and unsupervised learning in CVD prognosis, may emerge as future trends and areas of focus. Conclusion Recently, there has been a significant surge of interest in the investigation of digital medicine in CVD. This initial bibliometric study offers a comprehensive analysis of the research landscape pertaining to digital medicine in CVD, thereby furnishing related scholars with a dependable reference to facilitate further progress in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Integrative Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Integrative Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Integrative Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Integrative Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qing He
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui-Qi Yao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Gao-Yu Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jia-Rong Fan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chong-Xiang Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Integrative Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Integrative Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Center for Integrative Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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Rondeaux J, Groussard D, Renet S, Tardif V, Dumesnil A, Chu A, Di Maria L, Lemarcis T, Valet M, Henry JP, Badji Z, Vézier C, Béziau-Gasnier D, Neele AE, de Winther MPJ, Guerrot D, Brand M, Richard V, Durand E, Brakenhielm E, Fraineau S. Ezh2 emerges as an epigenetic checkpoint regulator during monocyte differentiation limiting cardiac dysfunction post-MI. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4461. [PMID: 37491334 PMCID: PMC10368741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of histone H3K27 methylation has recently emerged as a key step during alternative immunoregulatory M2-like macrophage polarization; known to impact cardiac repair after Myocardial Infarction (MI). We hypothesized that EZH2, responsible for H3K27 methylation, could act as an epigenetic checkpoint regulator during this process. We demonstrate for the first time an ectopic EZH2, and putative, cytoplasmic inactive localization of the epigenetic enzyme, during monocyte differentiation into M2 macrophages in vitro as well as in immunomodulatory cardiac macrophages in vivo in the post-MI acute inflammatory phase. Moreover, we show that pharmacological EZH2 inhibition, with GSK-343, resolves H3K27 methylation of bivalent gene promoters, thus enhancing their expression to promote human monocyte repair functions. In line with this protective effect, GSK-343 treatment accelerated cardiac inflammatory resolution preventing infarct expansion and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in female mice post-MI in vivo. In conclusion, our study reveals that pharmacological epigenetic modulation of cardiac-infiltrating immune cells may hold promise to limit adverse cardiac remodeling after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rondeaux
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Sylvanie Renet
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Virginie Tardif
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Anaïs Dumesnil
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Alphonse Chu
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Hospital, Mailbox 511, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Léa Di Maria
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Théo Lemarcis
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Manon Valet
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Paul Henry
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Zina Badji
- CHU Rouen, Department of Cardiology, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Claire Vézier
- CHU Rouen, Department of Cardiology, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Annette E Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dominique Guerrot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Nephrology, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Hospital, Mailbox 511, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Vincent Richard
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Pharmacology, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Eric Durand
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Cardiology, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Ebba Brakenhielm
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sylvain Fraineau
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm EnVI UMR 1096, F-76000, Rouen, France.
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5
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The intracellular signaling pathways governing macrophage activation and function in human atherosclerosis. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1673-1682. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20220441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid accumulation and plaque formation in arterial vessel walls. Atherosclerotic plaques narrow the arterial lumen to increase the risk of heart attacks, ischemic stroke and peripheral vascular disease, which are major and worldwide health and economic burdens. Macrophage accumulation within plaques is characteristic of all stages of atherosclerosis and their presence is a potential marker of disease activity and plaque stability. Macrophages engulf lipids and modified lipoproteins to form foam cells that express pro-inflammatory and chemotactic effector molecules, stress inducing factors and reactive oxygen species. They control plaque stability and rupture through secretion of metalloproteinases and extracellular matrix degradation. Although macrophages can worsen disease by propagating inflammation, they can stabilize atherosclerotic plaques through tissue remodeling, promoting the formation of a fibrous cap, clearing apoptotic cells to prevent necrotic core formation and through vascular repair. In atherosclerosis, macrophages respond to dyslipidaemia, cytokines, dying cells, metabolic factors, lipids, physical stimuli and epigenetic factors and exhibit heterogeneity in their activation depending on the stimuli they receive. Understanding these signals and the pathways driving macrophage function within developing and established plaques and how they can be pharmacologically modulated, represents a strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. This review focusses on the current understanding of factors controlling macrophage heterogeneity and function in atherosclerosis. Particular attention is given to the macrophage intracellular signaling pathways and transcription factors activated by biochemical and biophysical stimuli within plaques, and how they are integrated to regulate plaque formation and stability.
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6
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Abu-Hanna J, Patel JA, Anastasakis E, Cohen R, Clapp LH, Loizidou M, Eddama MMR. Therapeutic potential of inhibiting histone 3 lysine 27 demethylases: a review of the literature. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:98. [PMID: 35915507 PMCID: PMC9344682 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylation constitutes an important epigenetic mechanism of gene activation. It is mediated by the Jumonji C domain-containing lysine demethylases KDM6A and KDM6B, both of which have been implicated in a wide myriad of diseases, including blood and solid tumours, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, and infectious diseases. Here, we review and summarise the pre-clinical evidence, both in vitro and in vivo, in support of the therapeutic potential of inhibiting H3K27-targeting demethylases, with a focus on the small-molecule inhibitor GSK-J4. In malignancies, KDM6A/B inhibition possesses the ability to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, promote differentiation, and heighten sensitivity to currently employed chemotherapeutics. KDM6A/B inhibition also comprises a potent anti-inflammatory approach in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders associated with inappropriately exuberant inflammatory and autoimmune responses, restoring immunological homeostasis to inflamed tissues. With respect to infectious diseases, KDM6A/B inhibition can suppress the growth of infectious pathogens and attenuate the immunopathology precipitated by these pathogens. The pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo data, summarised in this review, suggest that inhibiting H3K27 demethylases holds immense therapeutic potential in many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeries Abu-Hanna
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Research Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, GI Services, Ground Floor, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Jigisha A Patel
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Research Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, GI Services, Ground Floor, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK
| | | | - Richard Cohen
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Research Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, GI Services, Ground Floor, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK.,Department of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lucie H Clapp
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Research Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, GI Services, Ground Floor, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Mohammad M R Eddama
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Research Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, GI Services, Ground Floor, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK. .,Department of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
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7
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Song L, Zhang J, Ma D, Fan Y, Lai R, Tian W, Zhang Z, Ju J, Xu H. A Bibliometric and Knowledge-Map Analysis of Macrophage Polarization in Atherosclerosis From 2001 to 2021. Front Immunol 2022; 13:910444. [PMID: 35795675 PMCID: PMC9250973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.910444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, studies of macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis have become an intense area of research. However, there are few bibliometric analyses regarding this area. In this review, we used CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and VOSviewer 1.6.16 software to perform text mining and knowledge-map analysis. We explored the development process, knowledge structure, research hotspots, and potential trends using a bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis to provide researchers with a macroscopic view of this field. The studies concerning macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection. A total of 781 studies were identified and published by 954 institutions from 51 countries/regions. The number of studies of macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis increased over time. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology published the highest number of articles and was the top co-cited journal. De Winther was the most prolific researcher, and Moore had the most co-citations. The author co-occurrence map illustrated that there was active cooperation among researchers. The most productive countries were the United States and China. Amsterdam University, Harvard University, and Maastricht University were the top three productive institutions in the research field. Keyword Co-occurrence, Clusters, and Burst analysis showed that “inflammation,” “monocyte,” “NF kappa B,” “mechanism,” and “foam cell” appeared with the highest frequency in studies. “Oxidative stress,” “coronary heart disease,” and “prevention” were the strongest citation burst keywords from 2019 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxia Song
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runmin Lai
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wende Tian
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Ju
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Xu,
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8
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Yang H, Sun Y, Li Q, Jin F, Dai Y. Diverse Epigenetic Regulations of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:868788. [PMID: 35425818 PMCID: PMC9001883 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.868788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging research on epigenetics has resulted in many novel discoveries in atherosclerosis (AS), an inflammaging-associated disease characterized by chronic inflammation primarily driven by macrophages. The bulk of evidence has demonstrated the central role of epigenetic machinery in macrophage polarization to pro- (M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotype. An increasing number of epigenetic alterations and their modifiers involved in reprogramming macrophages by regulating DNA methylation or histone modifications (e.g., methylation, acetylation, and recently lactylation) have been identified. They may act to determine or skew the direction of macrophage polarization in AS lesions, thereby representing a promising target. Here we describe the current understanding of the epigenetic machinery involving macrophage polarization, to shed light on chronic inflammation-driving onset and progression of inflammaging-associated diseases, using AS as a prototypic example, and discuss the challenge for developing effective therapies targeting the epigenetic modifiers against these diseases, particularly highlighting a potential strategy based on epigenetically-governed repolarization from M1-like to M2-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengyan Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Gao D, Zhang Y, Han W, Xu X, Song Q, Zhao C, Yang J. Inhibition of Histone H3 Lysine-27 Demethylase Activity Relieves Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptoms via Repression of IL6 Transcription in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818070. [PMID: 35371061 PMCID: PMC8965057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) occurs in about 5 per 1,000 people and can lead to severe joint damage and disability. However, the knowledge of pathogenesis and treatment for RA remains limited. Here, we found that histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 relieved collagen induced arthritis (CIA) symptom in experimental mice model, and the underlying mechanism is related to epigenetic transcriptional regulation in macrophages. The role of epigenetic regulation has been introduced in the process of macrophage polarization and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. As a repressive epigenetic marker, tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) was shown to be important for transcriptional gene expression regulation. Here, we comprehensively analyzed H3K27me3 binding promoter and corresponding genes function by RNA sequencing in two differentially polarized macrophage populations. The results revealed that H3K27me3 binds on the promoter regions of multiple critical cytokine genes and suppressed their transcription, such as IL6, specifically in M-CSF derived macrophages but not GM-CSF derived counterparts. Our results may provide a new approach for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Danling Gao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenwei Han
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiaoling Song
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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10
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Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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11
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Jin F, Li J, Guo J, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Yao G, Dai Y. Targeting epigenetic modifiers to reprogramme macrophages in non-resolving inflammation-driven atherosclerosis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2021; 1:oeab022. [PMID: 35919269 PMCID: PMC9241575 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epigenomic and epigenetic research has been providing several new insights into a variety of diseases caused by non-resolving inflammation, including cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis (AS) has long been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial walls, characterized by local persistent and stepwise accelerating inflammation without resolution, also known as uncontrolled inflammation. The pathogenesis of AS is driven primarily by highly plastic macrophages via their polarization to pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes as well as other novel subtypes recently identified by single-cell sequencing. Although emerging evidence has indicated the key role of the epigenetic machinery in the regulation of macrophage plasticity, the investigation of epigenetic alterations and modifiers in AS and related inflammation is still in its infancy. An increasing number of the epigenetic modifiers (e.g. TET2, DNMT3A, HDAC3, HDAC9, JMJD3, KDM4A) have been identified in epigenetic remodelling of macrophages through DNA methylation or histone modifications (e.g. methylation, acetylation, and recently lactylation) in inflammation. These or many unexplored modifiers function to determine or switch the direction of macrophage polarization via transcriptional reprogramming of gene expression and intracellular metabolic rewiring upon microenvironmental cues, thereby representing a promising target for anti-inflammatory therapy in AS. Here, we review up-to-date findings involving the epigenetic regulation of macrophages to shed light on the mechanism of uncontrolled inflammation during AS onset and progression. We also discuss current challenges for developing an effective and safe anti-AS therapy that targets the epigenetic modifiers and propose a potential anti-inflammatory strategy that repolarizes macrophages from pro- to anti-inflammatory phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Dong Dan Dahua Road, Dong Cheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen Medical School, Robert-Koch-Str. 40 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Gang Yao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 519 Dong Min Zhu Street, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
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12
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Blackburn CMR, Schilke RM, Vozenilek AE, Chandran S, Bamgbose TT, Finck BN, Woolard MD. Myeloid-associated lipin-1 transcriptional co-regulatory activity is atheroprotective. Atherosclerosis 2021; 330:76-84. [PMID: 34256308 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is the most prominent underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is initiated by cholesterol deposition in the arterial intima, which causes macrophage recruitment and proinflammatory responses that promote plaque growth, necrotic core formation, and plaque rupture. Lipin-1 is a phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase for glycerolipid synthesis. We have shown that lipin-1 phosphatase activity promotes macrophage pro-inflammatory responses when stimulated with modified low-density lipoprotein (modLDL) and accelerates atherosclerosis. Lipin-1 also independently acts as a transcriptional co-regulator where it enhances the expression of genes involved in β-oxidation. In hepatocytes and adipocytes, lipin-1 augments the activity of transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARs). PPARs control the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in macrophages and slow or reduce atherosclerotic progression. Therefore, we hypothesize myeloid-derived lipin-1 transcriptional co-regulatory activity reduces atherosclerosis. METHODS We used myeloid-derived lipin-1 knockout (lipin-1mKO) and littermate control mice and AAV8-PCSK9 along with high-fat diet to elicit atherosclerosis. RESULTS Lipin-1mKO mice had larger aortic root plaques than littermate control mice after 8 and 12 weeks of a high-fat diet. Lipin-1mKO mice also had increased serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations, reduced apoptosis in plaques, and larger necrotic cores in the plaques compared to control mice. CONCLUSIONS Combined, the data suggest lipin-1 transcriptional co-regulatory activity in myeloid cells is atheroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy M R Blackburn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Robert M Schilke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Aimee E Vozenilek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Sunitha Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Temitayo T Bamgbose
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Brian N Finck
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Matthew D Woolard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States.
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13
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Davis FM, Tsoi LC, Melvin WJ, denDekker A, Wasikowski R, Joshi AD, Wolf S, Obi AT, Billi AC, Xing X, Audu C, Moore BB, Kunkel SL, Daugherty A, Lu HS, Gudjonsson JE, Gallagher KA. Inhibition of macrophage histone demethylase JMJD3 protects against abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211922. [PMID: 33779682 PMCID: PMC8008365 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a life-threatening disease for which there is a lack of effective therapy preventing aortic rupture. During AAA formation, pathological vascular remodeling is driven by macrophage infiltration, and the mechanisms regulating macrophage-mediated inflammation remain undefined. Recent evidence suggests that an epigenetic enzyme, JMJD3, plays a critical role in establishing macrophage phenotype. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of human AAA tissues, we identified increased JMJD3 in aortic monocyte/macrophages resulting in up-regulation of an inflammatory immune response. Mechanistically, we report that interferon-β regulates Jmjd3 expression via JAK/STAT and that JMJD3 induces NF-κB–mediated inflammatory gene transcription in infiltrating aortic macrophages. In vivo targeted inhibition of JMJD3 with myeloid-specific genetic depletion (JMJD3f/fLyz2Cre+) or pharmacological inhibition in the elastase or angiotensin II–induced AAA model preserved the repressive H3K27me3 on inflammatory gene promoters and markedly reduced AAA expansion and attenuated macrophage-mediated inflammation. Together, our findings suggest that cell-specific pharmacologic therapy targeting JMJD3 may be an effective intervention for AAA expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Davis
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Computation Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - William J Melvin
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Aaron denDekker
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Amrita D Joshi
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sonya Wolf
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Andrea T Obi
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Christopher Audu
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Department Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Steven L Kunkel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S Lu
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Katherine A Gallagher
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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14
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Neele AE, Chen HJ, Gijbels MJJ, van der Velden S, Hoeksema MA, Boshuizen MCS, Van den Bossche J, Tool AT, Matlung HL, van den Berg TK, Lutgens E, de Winther MPJ. Myeloid Ezh2 Deficiency Limits Atherosclerosis Development. Front Immunol 2021; 11:594603. [PMID: 33574814 PMCID: PMC7871783 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.594603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages define a key component of immune cells present in atherosclerotic lesions and are central regulators of the disease. Since epigenetic processes are important in controlling macrophage function, interfering with epigenetic pathways in macrophages might be a novel approach to combat atherosclerosis. Histone H3K27 trimethylation is a repressive histone mark catalyzed by polycomb repressive complex with EZH2 as the catalytic subunit. EZH2 is described to increase macrophage inflammatory responses by supressing the suppressor of cytokine signaling, Socs3. We previously showed that myeloid deletion of Kdm6b, an enzymes that in contrast to EZH2 removes repressive histone H3K27me3 marks, results in advanced atherosclerosis. Because of its opposing function and importance of EZH2 in macrophage inflammatory responses, we here studied the role of myeloid EZH2 in atherosclerosis. A myeloid-specific Ezh2 deficient mouse strain (Ezh2del) was generated (LysM-cre+ x Ezh2fl/fl) and bone marrow from Ezh2del or Ezh2wt mice was transplanted to Ldlr-/- mice which were fed a high fat diet for 9 weeks to study atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesion size was significantly decreased in Ezh2del transplanted mice compared to control. The percentage of macrophages in the atherosclerotic lesion was similar, however neutrophil numbers were lower in Ezh2del transplanted mice. Correspondingly, the migratory capacity of neutrophils was decreased in Ezh2del mice. Moreover, peritoneal Ezh2del foam cells showed a reduction in the inflammatory response with reduced production of nitric oxide, IL-6 and IL-12. In Conclusion, myeloid Ezh2 deficiency impairs neutrophil migration and reduces macrophage foam cell inflammatory responses, both contributing to reduced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette E Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hung-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion J J Gijbels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia van der Velden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marten A Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Marieke C S Boshuizen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anton T Tool
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanke L Matlung
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institue for Cardivascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilias University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review discusses the current developments on epigenetic inhibition as treatment for atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS The first phase III clinical trial targeting epigenetics in cardiovascular disease (CVD), BETonMACE, using the bromodomain inhibitor apabetalone (RVX-208) showed no significant effect on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type II diabetes, low HDL-c and a recent acute coronary artery event compared with its placebo arm. SUMMARY Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that targeting epigenetics in atherosclerosis is a promising novel therapeutic strategy against CVD. Interfering with histone acetylation by targeting histone deacetylates (HDACs) and bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins demonstrated encouraging results in modulating disease progression in model systems. Although the first phase III clinical trial targeting BET in CVD showed no effect on MACE, we suggest that there is sufficient potential for future clinical usage based on the outcomes in specific subgroups and the fact that the study was slightly underpowered. Lastly, we propose that there is future window for targeting repressive histone modifications in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette E. Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity
| | - Lisa Willemsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity
| | - Hung-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity
| | - Kim E. Dzobo
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno P.J. de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity
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16
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Kuznetsova T, Prange KHM, Glass CK, de Winther MPJ. Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of macrophages in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 17:216-228. [PMID: 31578516 PMCID: PMC7770754 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages provide defence against pathogens and danger signals. These cells respond to stimulation in a fast and stimulus-specific manner by utilizing complex cascaded activation by lineage-determining and signal-dependent transcription factors. The complexity of the functional response is determined by interactions between triggered transcription factors and depends on the microenvironment and interdependent signalling cascades. Dysregulation of macrophage phenotypes is a major driver of various diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, exposure of monocytes, which are macrophage precursor cells, to certain stimuli can lead to a hypo-inflammatory tolerized phenotype or a hyper-inflammatory trained phenotype in a macrophage. In atherosclerosis, macrophages and monocytes are exposed to inflammatory cytokines, oxidized lipids, cholesterol crystals and other factors. All these stimuli induce not only a specific transcriptional response but also interact extensively, leading to transcriptional and epigenetic heterogeneity of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques. Targeting the epigenetic landscape of plaque macrophages can be a powerful therapeutic tool to modulate pro-atherogenic phenotypes and reduce the rate of plaque formation. In this Review, we discuss the emerging role of transcription factors and epigenetic remodelling in macrophages in the context of atherosclerosis and inflammation, and provide a comprehensive overview of epigenetic enzymes and transcription factors that are involved in macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Kuznetsova
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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17
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Meng X, Yin J, Yu X, Guo Y. MicroRNA-205-5p Promotes Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation In Vivo. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 34:25-39. [PMID: 32034643 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-06935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of the arteries caused by plaque buildup. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Here, we aimed to investigate miR-205-5p's role in promoting atherosclerotic progression. METHODS Knock-in (KI) mice with human/murine miR-205-5p within the murine host gene for miR-205 (MIR205HG) were crossed with apolipoprotein E knockout (Apoe-/-) mice. This miR-205KI Apoe-/- murine model was employed to study the impact of miR-205-5p in Apoe-/- mice susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation. RESULTS miR-205KI Apoe-/-mice developed larger, more unstable plaques relative to their Apoe-/- counterparts (0.45 vs. 0.26 mm2, P < 0.001). miR-205KI Apoe-/- mice exhibited lower serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (5.18 vs. 19.31 mg/dL, P < 0.001) and triglycerides (32.79 vs. 156.76 mg/dL, P < 0.001) with system-wide reversal of cholesterol transport. Macrophages derived from miR-205KI Apoe-/- mice exhibited ~ 20% lowered cholesterol efflux capability with enhanced pro-inflammatory gene expression through lipid raft formation. Bone marrow transplantation demonstrated that bone marrow (BM) donor cells with miR-205-5pKI simulated plaque formation independent of the recipients' miR-205-5p status. CONCLUSIONS miR-205-5p encourages unstable atherogenesis in vivo. miR-205-5p also adversely influences lipid metabolism and promotes a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. Our findings advocate miR-205-5p as a potential therapeutic target for combating unstable atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Keerqin District, No. 328, Keerqin Street, Keerqin District, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Jianjiao Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Keerqin District, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xinli Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Keerqin District, No. 328, Keerqin Street, Keerqin District, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yonggang Guo
- Department of Medical Service, The First People's Hospital of Keerqin District, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China
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18
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the potential microRNAs (miRNAs) having a diagnostic value in atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS The miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of atrial tissue from healthy individuals and patients with AF were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed miRNAs/mRNAs (DEMis/DEMs) were identified in patients with AF. Furthermore, an interaction network between DEMis and DMEs was constructed. The biological processes, molecular functions, and signaling pathways of DEMs were enriched. Then, the diagnostic values of candidate DECs among healthy individuals and patients with AF were preliminarily evaluated in the GSE101586, GSEE101684, and GSE112214 datasets. RESULTS Twenty DEMis were identified in patients with AF, including seven upregulated and 13 downregulated DEMis. Furthermore, 2,307 DEMs were identified in patients with AF. In the DEMi-DEM interaction network, downregulated miR-193b and upregulated miR-16 interacted with the most targeted DEMs, which interacted with 72 and 65 targeted DEMs, respectively. The targeted DEMs were significantly enriched in biological functions including apoptosis and the PI3K-Akt, mTOR, Hippo, HIF-1, and ErbB signaling pathways. Four of the 20 DEMis (i.e., miR-490-3p, miR-630, miR-146b-5p, and miR-367) had a potential value to distinguish patients with AF from healthy individuals in the GSE68475, GSE70887, and GSE28954 datasets. The area under the curve values for those four DEMis were 0.751, 0.719, 0.709, and 0.7, respectively. CONCLUSION DEMis might play key roles in AF progression through the mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways. miR-409-3p, miR-630, miR-146b-5p, and miR-367 had a potential diagnostic value to discriminate patients with AF from healthy controls in this study.
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19
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Xu S, Kamato D, Little PJ, Nakagawa S, Pelisek J, Jin ZG. Targeting epigenetics and non-coding RNAs in atherosclerosis: from mechanisms to therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 196:15-43. [PMID: 30439455 PMCID: PMC6450782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the principal cause of cardiovascular death worldwide, is a pathological disease characterized by fibro-proliferation, chronic inflammation, lipid accumulation, and immune disorder in the vessel wall. As the atheromatous plaques develop into advanced stage, the vulnerable plaques are prone to rupture, which causes acute cardiovascular events, including ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Emerging evidence has suggested that atherosclerosis is also an epigenetic disease with the interplay of multiple epigenetic mechanisms. The epigenetic basis of atherosclerosis has transformed our knowledge of epigenetics from an important biological phenomenon to a burgeoning field in cardiovascular research. Here, we provide a systematic and up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of three distinct but interrelated epigenetic processes (including DNA methylation, histone methylation/acetylation, and non-coding RNAs), in atherosclerotic plaque development and instability. Mechanistic and conceptual advances in understanding the biological roles of various epigenetic modifiers in regulating gene expression and functions of endothelial cells (vascular homeostasis, leukocyte adhesion, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and mechanotransduction), smooth muscle cells (proliferation, migration, inflammation, hypertrophy, and phenotypic switch), and macrophages (differentiation, inflammation, foam cell formation, and polarization) are discussed. The inherently dynamic nature and reversibility of epigenetic regulation, enables the possibility of epigenetic therapy by targeting epigenetic "writers", "readers", and "erasers". Several Food Drug Administration-approved small-molecule epigenetic drugs show promise in pre-clinical studies for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic implications and challenges for future research involving cardiovascular epigenetics, with an aim to provide a translational perspective for identifying novel biomarkers of atherosclerosis, and transforming precision cardiovascular research and disease therapy in modern era of epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Danielle Kamato
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Wooloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Wooloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
| | - Zheng Gen Jin
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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20
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Lacy M, Atzler D, Liu R, de Winther M, Weber C, Lutgens E. Interactions between dyslipidemia and the immune system and their relevance as putative therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 193:50-62. [PMID: 30149100 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a leading cause of death worldwide with atherosclerosis being the major underlying pathology. The interplay between lipids and immune cells is believed to be a driving force in the chronic inflammation of the arterial wall during atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis is initiated as lipid particles accumulate and become trapped in vessel walls. The subsequent immune response, involving both adaptive and immune cells, progresses plaque development, which may be exacerbated under dyslipidemic conditions. Broad evidence, especially from animal models, clearly demonstrates the effect of lipids on immune cells from their development in the bone marrow to their phenotypic switching in circulation. Interestingly, recent research has also shown a long-lasting epigenetic signature from lipids on immune cells. Traditionally, cardiovascular therapies have approached atherosclerosis through lipid-lowering medications because, until recently, anti-inflammatory therapies have been largely unsuccessful in clinical trials. However, the recent Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS) provided pivotal support of the inflammatory hypothesis of atherosclerosis in man spurring on anti-inflammatory strategies to treat atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe the interactions between lipids and immune cells along with their specific outcomes as well as discuss their future perspective as potential cardiovascular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lacy
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dorothee Atzler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rongqi Liu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Menno de Winther
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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