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Kario K, Kanegae H, Hoshide S. Home blood pressure stability score is associated with better cardiovascular prognosis: data from the nationwide prospective J-HOP study. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01940-z. [PMID: 39394518 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
A home blood pressure (BP)-centered strategy is emerging as the optimal approach to achieve adequate BP control in individuals with hypertension, but a simple cardiovascular risk score based on home BP level and variability is lacking. This study used prospective data from the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure (J-HOP) extended study to develop a simple home BP stability score for the prediction of cardiovascular risk. The J-HOP extended study included 4070 participants (mean age 64.9 years) who measured home BP three times in the morning and evening for 14 days at baseline. During the mean 6.3-year follow-up, there were 260 cardiovascular events. A home BP stability score was calculated based on the average of morning and evening systolic BP (SBP; MEave), and three home BP variability metrics: average real variability (average absolute difference between successive measurements); average peak (average of the highest three SBP values for each individual), and time in therapeutic range (proportion of time spent with MEave home SBP 100-135 mmHg). There was a curvilinear association between the home BP stability score and the risk of cardiovascular events. Compared with individuals in the optimal home SBP stability score group (9-10 points), those in the very high-risk group (0 points) had significantly higher cardiovascular event risk during follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio 3.97, 95% confidence interval 2.22-7.09; p < 0.001), independent of age, sex, medication, cardiovascular risk factors, and office BP. These data show the potential for a simple home BP-based score to predict cardiovascular event risk in people with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kanegae
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Kario K, Kanegae H, Okawara Y, Tomitani N, Hoshide S. Home Blood Pressure Variability Risk Prediction Score for Cardiovascular Disease Using Data From the J-HOP Study. Hypertension 2024; 81:2173-2180. [PMID: 39136129 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.124.23397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home blood pressure (BP) is more closely associated with cardiovascular event risk than office BP, but cardiovascular risk prediction based on home BP variability is lacking. This study developed a simple cardiovascular event prediction score, including home BP variability data, from the J-HOP study (Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure). METHODS The J-HOP study extended follow-up from December 2017 to May 2018 generated the study data set (4231 patients). Cardiovascular events included fatal/nonfatal stroke (n=94), coronary heart disease (n=124), heart failure (n=42), and aortic dissection (n=8). Cox proportional hazards models were used to predict overall cardiovascular risk. Potential covariates included age, sex, body mass index, smoking, history of diabetes, statin use, history of cardiovascular disease, total cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, office systolic BP (SBP), mean of morning-evening average (MEave), home SBP, and average real variability of MEave home SBP. A risk score and models were constructed, and model performance was assessed. RESULTS Model performance was best when average real variability of MEave SBP was included (C statistic, 0.760). The risk score assigns points for age (5-year bands), sex, cardiovascular disease history, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mean MEave home SBP, and average real variability of MEave home SBP. Estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk ranged from ≤0.6% (score ≤0) to >32% (score ≥26). Calibration 2 statistics values for the model (2.66) and risk score (5.29) indicated excellent goodness of fit. CONCLUSIONS This simple cardiovascular disease prediction algorithm, including day-by-day home BP variability, could be used as part of a home BP-centered approach to hypertension management in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., H.K., Y.O., N.T., S.H.)
| | - Hiroshi Kanegae
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., H.K., Y.O., N.T., S.H.)
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, Tokyo, Japan (H.K.)
| | - Yukie Okawara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., H.K., Y.O., N.T., S.H.)
| | - Naoko Tomitani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., H.K., Y.O., N.T., S.H.)
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan (K.K., H.K., Y.O., N.T., S.H.)
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Okamura T, Tsukamoto K, Arai H, Fujioka Y, Ishigaki Y, Koba S, Ohmura H, Shoji T, Yokote K, Yoshida H, Yoshida M, Deguchi J, Dobashi K, Fujiyoshi A, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Harada-Shiba M, Hirata T, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Ishibashi S, Kanda H, Kihara S, Kitagawa K, Kodama S, Koseki M, Maezawa Y, Masuda D, Miida T, Miyamoto Y, Nishimura R, Node K, Noguchi M, Ohishi M, Saito I, Sawada S, Sone H, Takemoto M, Wakatsuki A, Yanai H. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:641-853. [PMID: 38123343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate school of Medicine
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | | | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
- Current affiliation: Ishibashi Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University graduate School of medicine
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Innovative Medicine and Therapeutics, Dementia Care Center, Doctor's Support Center, Health Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rimei Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Shojiro Sawada
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital
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Ma E, Ohira T, Miyazaki M, Fukasawa M, Yoshimoto M, Suzuki T, Furuyama A, Kataoka M, Yasumura S, Hosoya M. Prediction of the 4-Year Incidence Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Healthy Japanese Adults: The Fukushima Health Database. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:259-272. [PMID: 37661424 PMCID: PMC10918050 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Estimating the risk of developing ischemic stroke (IS) may assist health professionals in motivating individuals to modify their risk behavior. METHODS A predictive model was derived from 178,186 participants from Fukushima Health Database, aged 40-74 years, who attended the health checkup in 2014 and completed at least one annual health checkup by 2018 (Cohort I). Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to build a 4-year prediction model, thus the risk scores were based on the regression coefficients. External validation for the risk scores was conducted in another cohort of 46,099 participants following between 2015 and 2019 (Cohort II). RESULTS The 4-year cumulated incidence rate of IS was 179.80/100,000 person-years in Cohort I. The predictive model included age, sex, blood pressure, hypertension treatment, diabetes, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, walking pace, and body weight change of 3 kg within one year. Risk scores were interpreted based on the Cohort I predictive model function. The Harrell's C-statistics of the discrimination ability of the risk score model (95% confidence interval) was 0.744 (0.729-0.759) in Cohort I and 0.770 (0.743-0.797) in Cohort II. The overall agreement of the risk score probability of IS incidence for the observed/expected case ratio and 95% CI was 0.98 (0.92-1.05) in Cohort I and 1.08 (0.95-1.22) in Cohort II. CONCLUSIONS The 4-year risk prediction model revealed a good performance for IS incidence, and risk scores could be used to estimate individual incidence risk of IS. Updated models with additional confirmed risk variables may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbo Ma
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Radiation Medical Science Center for Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyazaki
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Radiation Medical Science Center for Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Maiko Fukasawa
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masayo Yoshimoto
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomonori Suzuki
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ayako Furuyama
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mariko Kataoka
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Radiation Medical Science Center for Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Radiation Medical Science Center for Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Dong X, He X, Wu J. Cost Effectiveness of the First-in-Class ARNI (Sacubitril/Valsartan) for the Treatment of Essential Hypertension in a Chinese Setting. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2022; 40:1187-1205. [PMID: 36071264 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-022-01182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to model the potential long-term disease progression and pharmacoeconomic value of sacubitril/valsartan for the treatment of essential hypertension from a Chinese healthcare system perspective. METHODS A Markov cohort model with five health states was constructed to simulate the incidence of acute cardiovascular events and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained with sacubitril/valsartan compared with allisartan isoproxil and valsartan over a lifetime horizon with an annual cycle. Multivariable risk regression models derived from China-PAR data accompanied by hazard ratios were used to transform the dual mechanism of sacubitril/valsartan to lower blood pressure and left ventricular mass index into long-term fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular risks. Efficacy data were calculated using a network meta-analysis integrated by the results of clinical trials. Healthcare costs were determined from a real-world study and published literature, supplemented by expert opinion. Utilities were derived from literature. Both costs and health outcomes were discounted at 5.0% annually, and prices corresponded to 2021. Model validation, deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of results. RESULTS For simulated patients with hypertension, sacubitril/valsartan reduced the rates of myocardial infarction by 6.67% and 6.39%, stroke by 9.38% and 8.98%, and heart failure hospitalization by 9.92% and 9.62% relative to allisartan isoproxil and valsartan, respectively. It was also associated with gains in life expectancy among hypertensive individuals of 0.362-0.382 years. Eventually, lifetime costs per patient were CN¥59,272 (US$9187) for sacubitril/valsartan, CN¥54,783 (US$8492) for allisartan isoproxil, and CN¥56,714 (US$8791) for valsartan; total QALYs were 11.38, 11.24, and 11.25, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was CN¥31,805/QALY (US$4930/QALY) compared with allisartan isoproxil, and CN¥19,247/QALY (US$2983/QALY) compared with valsartan, both of which are below the one time per-capita GDP of CN¥80,976/QALY (US$12,551/QALY) in China. Similar results were obtained in various extensive sensitivity analysis scenarios. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study to evaluate the cost effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of hypertension. Sacubitril/valsartan compares favorably with allisartan isoproxil and valsartan in the Chinese setting, which is mainly due to its higher efficacy resulting in fewer cardiovascular events and ultimately less related mortality over time. The results could inform deliberations regarding reimbursement and access to this treatment in China and may provide reference for facilitating more reasonable and efficient allocation of limited resources in such low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Nawata K. Heart diseases, hypertension and effects of antihypertensive medications: Is hypertension a true risk factor of heart diseases? Front Public Health 2022; 10:929840. [PMID: 36388284 PMCID: PMC9659607 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.929840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart diseases (HD) are the leading cause of deaths in the world. Many studies have been done on the relationships among hypertension, HD and antihypertensive medications. Most of the studies find that hypertension is a significant risk factor of HD, but there are some studies in which hypertension is not a risk factor. As antihypertensive medications are routinely prescribed to prevent HD, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of these and other risk factors of HD. Data and methods The relationship between hypertension and HD was analyzed using 6,773,464 medical checkups obtained from the JMDC Claims Database obtained from January 2005 to September 2019. Factors potentially affecting HD, including blood pressures (BP) and usage of antihypertensive medications, were evaluated using 2,861,769 observations. To avoid the causality problem, probit models were used to analyze the probability of an individual who had no history of HD at year t developing HD by year t + 1. Results A positive relation between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and HD was found in the equation without any other covariates. However, the significant relation between HD and BP disappeared when the models contained various other factors as covariates. When a 10-year age or longer interval was used in the model, a positive relation between the two variables was found, suggesting that SBP works as a proxy variable. Taking antihypertensive medications greatly increases the probability of developing HD in the next year. Higher levels of cholesterols decrease the probability of developing HD. Conclusion Unlike many previous studies, no significant relationship between HD and hypertension was found in the models containing multiple covariates. The accepted relation might actually be spurious, and it is important to select covariates carefully. Taking antihypertensive medications appears to increase the probability of developing HD in the next year, suggesting the need for further research and greater caution in the use of antihypertensive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumitsu Nawata
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study (HISA), Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
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Inoguchi T, Okui T, Nojiri C, Eto E, Hasuzawa N, Inoguchi Y, Ochi K, Takashi Y, Hiyama F, Nishida D, Umeda F, Yamauchi T, Kawanami D, Kobayashi K, Nomura M, Nakashima N. A simplified prediction model for end-stage kidney disease in patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12482. [PMID: 35864124 PMCID: PMC9304378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a simplified model for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with diabetes. The cohort included 2549 individuals who were followed up at Kyushu University Hospital (Japan) between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. The outcome was a composite of ESKD, defined as an eGFR < 15 mL min−1 [1.73 m]−2, dialysis, or renal transplantation. The mean follow-up was 5.6 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\pm$$\end{document}± 3.7 years, and ESKD occurred in 176 (6.2%) individuals. Both a machine learning random forest model and a Cox proportional hazard model selected eGFR, proteinuria, hemoglobin A1c, serum albumin levels, and serum bilirubin levels in a descending order as the most important predictors among 20 baseline variables. A model using eGFR, proteinuria and hemoglobin A1c showed a relatively good performance in discrimination (C-statistic: 0.842) and calibration (Nam and D’Agostino \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\chi$$\end{document}χ2 statistic: 22.4). Adding serum albumin and bilirubin levels to the model further improved it, and a model using 5 variables showed the best performance in the predictive ability (C-statistic: 0.895, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\chi$$\end{document}χ2 statistic: 7.7). The accuracy of this model was validated in an external cohort (n = 5153). This novel simplified prediction model may be clinically useful for predicting ESKD in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoshi Inoguchi
- Fukuoka City Health Promotion Support Center, Fukuoka City Medical Association, Maizuru 2-5-1, Chuou-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0073, Japan. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Tasuku Okui
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Nojiri
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Erina Eto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan, Saga, 840-8571, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Inoguchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ochi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, 818-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Fujiyo Hiyama
- Carna Health Support, Co., Ltd., Fukuoka, 810-0054, Japan
| | | | - Fumio Umeda
- Yukuhashi Central Hospital, Yukuhashi, 824-0031, Japan
| | | | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, 818-8502, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakashima
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Honda T, Chen S, Hata J, Yoshida D, Hirakawa Y, Furuta Y, Shibata M, Sakata S, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese Adults: The Hisayama Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:345-361. [PMID: 33487620 PMCID: PMC8894117 DOI: 10.5551/jat.61960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop and validate a new risk prediction model for predicting the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in Japanese adults. METHODS A total of 2,454 participants aged 40-84 years without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were prospectively followed up for 24 years. An incident ASCVD event was defined as the first occurrence of coronary heart disease or atherothrombotic brain infarction. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to construct the prediction model. In addition, a simplified scoring system was translated from the developed prediction model. The model performance was evaluated using Harrell's C statistics, a calibration plot with the Greenwood-Nam-D'Agostino test, and a bootstrap validation procedure. RESULTS During a median of a 24-year follow-up, 270 participants experienced the first ASCVD event. The predictors of the ASCVD events in the multivariable Cox model included age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, proteinuria, smoking habits, and regular exercise. The developed models exhibited good discrimination with negligible evidence of overfitting (Harrell's C statistics: 0.786 for the multivariable model and 0.789 for the simplified score) and good calibrations (the Greenwood-Nam-D'Agostino test: P=0.29 for the multivariable model, 0.52 for the simplified score). CONCLUSION We constructed a risk prediction model for the development of ASCVD in Japanese adults. This prediction model exhibits great potential as a tool for predicting the risk of ASCVD in clinical practice by enabling the identification of specific risk factors for ASCVD in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Furuta
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medical-Engineering Collaboration for Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Sakata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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9
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Honda T, Ishida Y, Oda M, Noguchi K, Chen S, Sakata S, Oishi E, Furuta Y, Yoshida D, Hirakawa Y, Hata J, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Changes in Body Weight and Concurrent Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Profiles in Community Residents in Japan: the Hisayama Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:252-267. [PMID: 33455974 PMCID: PMC8803559 DOI: 10.5551/jat.59394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the influence of weight change on concurrent changes in predicted cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and individual CVD risk factors over time. METHODS A total of 2,140 community-dwellers aged 40-74 years participated in both 2002 and 2007 health examinations. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Weight trajectories were classified as: "stable obese" (obese at both examinations), "obese to nonobese" (obese in 2002 but nonobese in 2007), "nonobese to obese" (nonobese in 2002 but obese in 2007), or "stable nonobese" (nonobese at both examinations). We compared changes in the model-predicted risk for CVD and individual CVD risk factors across weight-change categories. RESULTS The predicted risk for CVD increased during 5 years in all groups; the increment in the predicted risk for CVD was smallest in the obese to nonobese participants and steepest in the nonobese to obese subjects. Compared with the stable obese participants, the obese to nonobese participants had greater favorable changes in waist circumferences, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and liver enzymes. For all these parameters, opposite trends were observed when comparing the nonobese to obese participants with the stable nonobese group. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the favorable association of losing weight in obese people and avoiding excessive weight gain in nonobese people with global risk of future CVD and individual CVD risk factors in a real-world setting. The findings could improve behavioral lifestyle interventions that provide information on the health consequences of weight change at health checkups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oda
- Clinical Science Division, R&D Janssen Pharmaceutical K. K. 3-5-2 Nishi-kanda, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Noguchi
- Clinical Science Division, R&D Janssen Pharmaceutical K. K. 3-5-2 Nishi-kanda, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Sakata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emi Oishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Furuta
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medical-Engineering Collaboration for Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Jeong S, Lee G, Choi S, Kim KH, Chang J, Kim SM, Kim K, Son JS, Cho Y, Park SM. Estimating Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:721107. [PMID: 35111822 PMCID: PMC8801493 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.721107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concerns about a growing number of colorectal cancer survivors have emerged regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. However, there is not yet a predictive tool that can estimate CVD risk and support the management of healthcare as well as disease prevention in terms of CVD risk among long-term colorectal cancer survivors. Aim To develop predictive tools to estimate individualized overall and each subtype of CVD risk using a nationwide cohort in South Korea. Methods and Results A total of 4,709 newly diagnosed patients with colorectal cancer who survived at least 5 years in the National Health Insurance System were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard regression was used for the identification of independent risk factors for the derivation of predictive nomograms, which were validated in an independent cohort (n = 3,957). Age, fasting serum glucose, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, Charlson comorbidity index, household income, body mass index, history of chemotherapy, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption were identified as independent risk factors for either overall CVD or each subtype of CVD subtype. Based on the identified independent risk factors, six independent nomograms for each CVD category were developed. Validation by an independent cohort demonstrated a good calibration with a median C-index of 0.687. According to the nomogram-derived median score, relative risks of 2.643, 1.821, 4.656, 2.629, 4.248, and 5.994 were found for overall CVD, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, total stroke, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhage stroke in the validation cohort. Conclusions The predictive tools were developed with satisfactory accuracy. The derived nomograms may support the estimation of overall and individual CVD risk for long-term colorectal cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyeongsil Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyae Hyung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyuwoong Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sang Min Park
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11
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Hata J, Nagata T, Sakata S, Oishi E, Furuta Y, Hirakawa Y, Honda T, Yoshida D, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Risk Prediction Model for Incident Atrial Fibrillation in a General Japanese Population - The Hisayama Study. Circ J 2021; 85:1373-1382. [PMID: 33627542 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk prediction of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is useful to prevent AF and its complications. The aim of this study is to develop a new risk prediction model for incident AF using the prospective longitudinal data from a general Japanese population. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2,442 community-dwelling AF-free residents aged ≥40 years were followed up from 1988 to 2012 (46,422 person-years). The development of AF was confirmed by a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram at repeated health examinations and by medical records at clinics or hospitals. The risk prediction model for incident AF was developed using a Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow up, 230 AF events were confirmed. Age, sex, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, estimated glomerular filtration rate, abnormal cardiac murmur, high R-wave amplitude, and arrhythmia other than AF were selected for inclusion in the model. This model showed good discrimination (Harrell's c statistics: 0.785) and calibration (Greenwood-Nam-D'Agostino test: P=0.87) for AF risk at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS The new risk prediction model showed good performance on the individual risk assessment of the future onset of AF in a general Japanese population. As this model included commonly used clinical parameters, it may be useful for determining the requirements for the careful evaluation of AF, such as frequent electrocardiogram examinations in clinical settings, and subsequent reductions in the risk of AF-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takuya Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Satoko Sakata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Emi Oishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshihiko Furuta
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medical-Engineering Collaboration for Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
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12
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Vellameeran FA, Brindha T. An integrated review on machine learning approaches for heart disease prediction: Direction towards future research gaps. BIO-ALGORITHMS AND MED-SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/bams-2020-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To make a clear literature review on state-of-the-art heart disease prediction models.
Methods
It reviews 61 research papers and states the significant analysis. Initially, the analysis addresses the contributions of each literature works and observes the simulation environment. Here, different types of machine learning algorithms deployed in each contribution. In addition, the utilized dataset for existing heart disease prediction models was observed.
Results
The performance measures computed in entire papers like prediction accuracy, prediction error, specificity, sensitivity, f-measure, etc., are learned. Further, the best performance is also checked to confirm the effectiveness of entire contributions.
Conclusions
The comprehensive research challenges and the gap are portrayed based on the development of intelligent methods concerning the unresolved challenges in heart disease prediction using data mining techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Brindha
- Department of Information Technology , Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education , Kanyakumari , India
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13
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Nawata K. An Analysis of Blood Pressure Situations in Japan Using the Large-Scale Medical Checkup Dataset. Health (London) 2021. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2021.137057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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Nakai M, Watanabe M, Kokubo Y, Nishimura K, Higashiyama A, Takegami M, Nakao YM, Okamura T, Miyamoto Y. Development of a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Model Using the Suita Study, a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Japan. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 27:1160-1175. [PMID: 32023562 PMCID: PMC7803836 DOI: 10.5551/jat.48843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To construct a risk prediction model for cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on the Suita study, an urban Japanese cohort study, and compare its accuracy against the Framingham CVD risk score (FRS) model. METHODS After excluding participants with missing data or those who lost to follow-up, this study consisted of 3,080 men and 3,470 women participants aged 30-79 years without CVD at baseline in 1989-1999. The main outcome of this study was incidence of CVD, defined as the incidence of stroke or coronary heart disease. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with stepwise selection were used to develop the prediction model. To assess model performance, concordance statistics (C-statistics) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a bootstrap procedure. A calibration test was also conducted. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 16.9 years, 351 men and 241 women developed CVD. We formulated risk models with and without electrocardiogram (ECG) data that included age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and urinary protein as risk factors. The C-statistics of the Suita CVD risk models with ECG data (0.782; 95% CI, 0.766-0.799) and without ECG data (0.781; 95% CI, 0.765-0.797) were significantly higher than that of the FRS model (0.768; 95% CI, 0.750-0.785). CONCLUSIONS The Suita CVD risk model is feasible to use and improves predictability of the incidence of CVD relative to the FRS model in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michikazu Nakai
- Center for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease Information, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Aya Higashiyama
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Misa Takegami
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoko M Nakao
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Center for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease Information, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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15
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Mori H, Suzuki H, Nishihira K, Honda S, Kojima S, Takegami M, Takahashi J, Itoh T, Watanabe T, Takenaka T, Ito M, Takayama M, Kario K, Sumiyoshi T, Kimura K, Yasuda S. In-hospital morality associated with acute myocardial infarction was inversely related with the number of coronary risk factors in patients from a Japanese nation-wide real-world database. Int J Cardiol Hypertens 2020; 6:100039. [PMID: 33447765 PMCID: PMC7803051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking are established coronary risk factors for coronary heart disease in the general population. However, in Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the impact of the number of coronary risk factors on in-hospital morality remains unclear. METHODS The Japan Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (JAMIR) is a nationwide real-world database. We examined the association between the number of coronary risk factors and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Data were obtained from total of 20462 AMI patients (mean age, 68.8 ± 13.3 years old; 15281 men, 5181 women). The prevalence of hypertension increased with advancing age, while the prevalence of smoking decreased with advancing age. The prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia were highest in middle age. A majority (76.9%) of the patients with AMI had at least 1 of these coronary risk factors. Overall, the number of coronary risk factor was relatively less in older subjects and women under 50 years old. Crude in-hospital mortality rates were 10.7%, 10.5%, 7.2%, 5.0% and 4.5% with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 risk factors, respectively. After adjusting for age and sex, there was an inverse association between the number of coronary risk factors and the in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.35] among individuals with 0 vs. 4 risk factors). CONCLUSION In the present study of Japanese patients with AMI, who received modern medical treatment, in-hospital mortality was inversely related to the number of coronary risk factors. To investigate the underlying reasons for these findings, further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Mori
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kensaku Nishihira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Honda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Sunao Kojima
- Department of General Internal Medicine 3, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Misa Takegami
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomonori Itoh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takashi Takenaka
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization, Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Morimasa Takayama
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sumiyoshi
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kimura
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - the JAMIR investigators
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine 3, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization, Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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Cherian RP, Thomas N, Venkitachalam S. Weight optimized neural network for heart disease prediction using hybrid lion plus particle swarm algorithm. J Biomed Inform 2020; 110:103543. [PMID: 32858167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2020.103543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease remains one of the significantcauses ofmortality and morbidity amongst the world's population. Predicting heart disease is considered as one of the vital issues in clinical data analysis. Since the number of data is rising gradually, it is muchcomplicatedforanalyzing and processing, and especially, it becomes difficult to maintain the e-healthcare data. Moreover, the prediction model under machine learning seems to be anessentialfacet in this research area. In this scenario, this paper aims to propose a new heart disease prediction model with the inclusion of specificprocesses like Feature Extraction, Record, Attribute minimization, and Classification. Initially, both statistical and higher-order statistical features are extracted under feature extraction. Subsequently, the record and attribute minimization carried out, where Component Analysis PCA plays its major role in solving the "curse of dimensionality."Finally, the prediction process takes place by the Neural Network (NN) model that intake the dimensionally reduced features. Moreover, the major intention of this paper deals with the accurate prediction. Hence, it is planned to influence the utility of meta-heuristic algorithms for the weight optimization of NN. This paper introduces a new hybrid algorithm termed Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) merged LA update (PM-LU) algorithm that solves the above-mentioned optimization crisis, which hybrids the concept of Lion Algorithm (LA) and PSO algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of proposed work is compared over other conventional approaches and its superiority is proven with respect to certain performance measures. From the analysis, the presented PM-LU-NN scheme with regards to accuracy is 3.85%, 12.5%, 12.5%, 3.85%, and 7.41% better than LM-NN, WOA-NN, FF-NN, PSO-NN and LA-NN algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renji P Cherian
- Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Vimal Jyothi Engineering College, Chemperi, Kannur, India.
| | - Noby Thomas
- Assistant Professor, St. Joseph's College of Pharmacy, Cherthala, India.
| | - Sunder Venkitachalam
- Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Adi Shankara Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kalady, India.
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17
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Impact of hypertension stratified by diabetes on the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in Japan: a pooled analysis of data from the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan study. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1437-1444. [PMID: 32620896 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lifetime risk is an informative estimate to motivate people to change lifestyle behaviors, especially from a younger age, in public health education. The impact of the combination of hypertension and diabetes on the lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality has not been investigated in Asian populations. A pooled analysis of individual data from nine cohorts was performed. A total of 57,339 Japanese men and women were eligible for the analysis. We used the modified Kaplan-Meier approach and estimated the remaining lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality starting from the index age of 35 years. Participants were classified into four categories defined by hypertension and diabetes. The lifetime risk was increased in the order of those without either risk, those without hypertension but with diabetes, those with hypertension but without diabetes, and those with both risks. The lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality at the 35-year index age was as follows: 7.8% in men and 6.2% in women for those without either hypertension or diabetes, 13.2% in men and 9.5% in women for those without hypertension but with diabetes, 17.2% in men and 11.7% in women for those with hypertension but without diabetes, and 19.4% in men and 15% in women for those with both risks. These findings reinforce the need for a life-course perspective in the management of hypertension and diabetes from a younger age.
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18
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Nawata K, Sugano H, Kimura M. An Analysis of the Effects of Blood Pressure and Antihypertensive Drugs on Heart Disease. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.116064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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