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DiGiacomo SI, Jazayeri MA, Barua RS, Ambrose JA. Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Cardiovascular Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:E96. [PMID: 30602668 PMCID: PMC6339042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and its sequelae are among the largest economic and healthcare burdens in the United States and worldwide. The relationship between active smoking and atherosclerosis is well-described in the literature. However, the specific mechanisms by which ETS influences atherosclerosis are incompletely understood. In this paper, we highlight the definition and chemical constituents of ETS, review the existing literature outlining the effects of ETS on atherogenesis and thrombosis in both animal and human models, and briefly outline the public health implications of ETS based on these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydne I DiGiacomo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jazayeri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Rajat S Barua
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
| | - John A Ambrose
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, CA 93701, USA.
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Gao J, Liu Y, Li YM. Review of risk factors, treatment, and prevention of saphenous vein graft disease after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4907-4919. [PMID: 30178686 PMCID: PMC6300967 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518792445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saphenous vein graft disease (SVGD) is a type of vascular disease that may develop after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). SVGD seriously affects the short-term and long-term effects of CABG and increases the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is very important to identify patients at greatest risk and carry out prevention and treatment measures to determine the risk factors for SVGD. Many factors contribute to SVGD when the vein is grafted into an arterial environment, such as surgery-related factors, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and others. In this review, we discuss the risk factors for SVGD, current surgical and pharmacologic therapies with which to manage SVGD, and the prevention of SVGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China.,2 Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Interstitial Space. Protein Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315374307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Morris PB, Ference BA, Jahangir E, Feldman DN, Ryan JJ, Bahrami H, El-Chami MF, Bhakta S, Winchester DE, Al-Mallah MH, Sanchez Shields M, Deedwania P, Mehta LS, Phan BAP, Benowitz NL. Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes: Clinical Perspectives From the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Leadership Council and Early Career Councils of the American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 66:1378-91. [PMID: 26383726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income nations lacking the infrastructure to develop and implement effective public health policies limiting tobacco use. Following initiation of public awareness campaigns 50 years ago in the United States, considerable success has been achieved in reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. However, there has been a slowing of cessation rates in the United States during recent years, possibly caused by high residual addiction or fatigue from cessation messaging. Furthermore, tobacco products have continued to evolve faster than the scientific understanding of their biological effects. This review considers selected updates on the genetics and epigenetics of smoking behavior and associated cardiovascular risk, mechanisms of atherogenesis and thrombosis, clinical effects of smoking and benefits of cessation, and potential impact of electronic cigarettes on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela B Morris
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - Brian A Ference
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Eiman Jahangir
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - John J Ryan
- University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hossein Bahrami
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Shyam Bhakta
- Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio
| | | | - Mouaz H Al-Mallah
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; King Abdul-Aziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Binh An P Phan
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Neal L Benowitz
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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