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Cowley JM, Deering-Rice CE, Lamb JG, Romero EG, Almestica-Roberts M, Serna SN, Sun L, Kelly KE, Whitaker RT, Cheminant J, Venosa A, Reilly CA. Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Inhaled Great Salt Lake Dust Particles. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4650606. [PMID: 39108472 PMCID: PMC11302694 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4650606/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Climatological shifts and human activities have decimated lakes worldwide. Water in the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA is at near record lows which has increased risks for exposure to windblown dust from dried lakebed sediments. Formal studies evaluating the health effects of inhaled Great Salt Lake dust (GSLD) have not been performed despite the belief that the dust is harmful. The objectives of this study were to illustrate windblown dust events, assess the impact of inhaled dust on the lungs, and to identify mechanisms that could contribute to the effects of GSLD in the lungs. Results An animation, hourly particle and meteorological data, and images illustrate the impact of dust events on the Salt Lake Valley/Wasatch front airshed. Great Salt Lake sediment and PM2.5 contained metals, lipopolysaccharides, natural and anthropogenic chemicals, and bacteria. Inhalation and oropharyngeal delivery of PM2.5 triggered neutrophilia and the expression of mRNA for Il6, Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Muc5ac in mouse lungs, was more potent than coal fly ash (CFA) PM2.5, and more cytotoxic to human airway epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT) in vitro. Induction of IL6 and IL8 was replicated in vitro using HBEC3-KT and THP-1 cells. For HBEC3-KT cells, IL6 induction was variably attenuated by EGTA/ruthenium red, the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242, and deferoxamine, while IL8 was attenuated by EGTA/ruthenium red. Inhibition of mRNA induction by EGTA/ruthenium red suggested roles for transition metals, calcium, and calcium channels as mediators of the responses. Like CFA, GSLD and a similar dust from the Salton Sea in California, activated human TRPA1, M8, and V1. However, only inhibition of TRPV1, TRPV3, and a combination of both channels impacted cytokine mRNA induction in HBEC3-KT cells. Responses of THP1 cells were partially mediated by TLR4 as opposed to TRP channels and mice expressing a "humanized" form of TRPV1 exhibited greater neutrophilia when exposed to GSLD via inhalation. Conclusions This study suggests that windblown dust from Great Salt Lake and similar lake sediments could pose a risk to humans via mechanisms including the activation of TRPV1/V3, TLR4, and possibly oxidative stress.
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D’Evelyn SM, Bein KJ, Laing EA, Nyguen T, Wu CW, Zhang Q, Pinkerton KE. Short-term and repeated exposure to particulate matter sizes from Imperial Valley, California to induce inflammation and asthmatic-like symptoms in mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:909-927. [PMID: 37698070 PMCID: PMC10550522 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2257232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Imperial Valley, California has become increasingly hot, dry, and polluted over the past decade. Particulate matter (PM) levels are amongst the highest in this State, associated with significantly higher asthma prevalence among children in the region compared to national and state averages. The present study was performed to test the hypothesis that Imperial Valley PM by size and chemical composition might possess allergenic properties following introduction into murine lungs without prior sensitization to a known allergen with size fraction as a determining factor. In acute exposure experiments, BALB/c male mice were administered a single 50-μl oropharyngeal aspiration of nanopure water (H2O; control) or a stock 1 μg/μl PM solution. In sub-acute exposure experiments, male and female mice were treated with a total of six 16.6-μl intranasal instillations of H2O or stock PM solution over the course of 14 days. In all experiments, pulmonary function tests were performed 24 hr after the final instillation followed by necropsies for the collection of biological samples. Inflammatory responses measured via cellularity in histopathological tissue sections as well as significant, marked influxes of eosinophils and lymphocytes were noted in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mice administered PM compared to control. Allergic responses, including airway hyperresponsiveness and significantly increased expression of IL-1ß, were found in male mice exposed to either PM2.5 or ultrafine (PMUF). A combination of all three size fractions of PM from Imperial Valley initiated atopic and asthmatic-like symptoms in the lungs of mice in the absence of additional allergen or preexisting condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah M. D’Evelyn
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, US
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US
| | - Keith J. Bein
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, US
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, US
| | - Emilia A. Laing
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, US
| | - Tran Nyguen
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, US
| | - Ching-Wen Wu
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, US
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, US
| | - Kent E. Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, US
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Ishihara Y, Kado SY, Bein KJ, He Y, Pouraryan AA, Urban A, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Sweeney C, Vogel CFA. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Synergizes with TLR/NF-κB-Signaling for Induction of IL-22 Through Canonical and Non-Canonical AhR Pathways. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:787360. [PMID: 35295139 PMCID: PMC8915841 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.787360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 22 (IL-22) is critically involved in gut immunity and host defense and primarily produced by activated T cells. In different circumstances IL-22 may contribute to pathological conditions or act as a cancer promoting cytokine secreted by infiltrating immune cells. Here we show that bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) express and produce IL-22 after activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) when cells are activated through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family. The additional activation of AhR triggered a significant induction of IL-22 in TLR-activated BMM. Deletion and mutation constructs of the IL-22 promoter revealed that a consensus DRE and RelBAhRE binding element are necessary to mediate the synergistic effects of AhR and TLR ligands. Inhibitor studies and analysis of BMM derived from knockout mice confirmed that the synergistic induction of IL-22 by AhR and TLR ligands depend on the expression of AhR and Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) member RelB. The exposure to particulate matter (PM) collected from traffic related air pollution (TRAP) and wildfires activated AhR as well as NF-κB signaling and significantly induced the expression of IL-22. In summary this study shows that simultaneous activation of the AhR and NF-κB signaling pathways leads to synergistic and prolonged induction of IL-22 by integrating signals of the canonical and non-canonical AhR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sarah Y. Kado
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Keith J. Bein
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yi He
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Arshia A. Pouraryan
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Angelika Urban
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Colleen Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christoph F. A. Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Christoph F. A. Vogel,
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Characteristics of PM10 Levels Monitored in Bangkok and Its Vicinity Areas, Thailand. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The ambient air concentrations of PM10 were observed in Bangkok and its vicinity areas including Nonthaburi and Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. The selected study areas are located near heavy-traffic roads with a high concentration of traffic-related air pollution. The ambient air samples were collected in the winter season (October 2019 to February 2020). The highest average level of PM10 was found in Nonthaburi (66.63 µg/m3), followed by Bangkok (56.79 µg/m3) and Nakhon Pathom (40.18 µg/m3), respectively. The morphology of these particles is typically spherical and irregular shape particles. At the sampling site in Bangkok, these particles are primarily composed of C, O, and Si, and a certain amount of metals such as Fe, Cu, and Cr. Some trace amount of other elements such as Ca, Na, and S are present in minor concentration. The particles collected from Nakhon Pathom and Nonthaburi sampling sites contain the main abundant elements C, O, and Si, followed by Cu, Cr, S, Fe, Ca, and Na, respectively. These particles are an agglomeration of carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Their origin may be associated with road dust, vehicle emission, and the erosion of building products. It can be noted that the levels and characteristics of PM10 are key factors in understanding the behavior of the particles in not only atmospheric visibility but also human health risks.
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Tang M, Luo XS, Huang W, Pang Y, Hong Y, Chen J, Wu L, Pinkerton KE. Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130919. [PMID: 34134441 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 pollution is a widespread environmental and health problem, particularly in China. Besides leading to well-known diseases in the respiratory system, PM2.5 can also alter immune function to induce or aggravate allergic diseases. To determine whether there are temporal and spatial differences in the allergic responses to PM2.5, monthly samples were collected from four regions (urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas) through a whole year in Nanjing city, China. Inorganic chemical components (metals and water-soluble ions) of PM2.5 were analyzed, and the rat basophil cells (RBL-2H3) exposed to PM2.5 were assessed through quantitative measures of degranulation (β-hex and histamine) and pro-inflammation cytokine (IL-4 and TNF-α) expression. The highest levels of β-hex were measured in winter and spring PM2.5 from urban and industrial areas, or autumn PM2.5 from suburban and rural areas. With respect to histamine, autumn PM2.5 samples were most potent irrespective of the location. Autumn and winter PM2.5 induced higher levels of IL-4 than spring and summer samples. However, spring and autumn PM2.5 caused higher levels of TNF-α. The concentrations of water-soluble ions (NH4+, K+ and Cl-), as well as heavy metals (Pb and Cr), were directly and statistically correlated to the inflammation observed in vitro. In general, the differences between regional and seasonal PM2.5 in stimulating cell degranulation may depend on endotoxin and airborne allergen content of PM2.5. The heavy metals and water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were mostly anthropogenic, which increased the particles' mass-based cellular inflammatory potential, therefore, their health risks, e.g. from vehicular exhaust, coal, and biomass combustion, cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Tang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xiao-San Luo
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Weijie Huang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yuting Pang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Youwei Hong
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinsheng Chen
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Lichun Wu
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA
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