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Jun S, Ou X, Shi L, Yu H, Deng T, Chen J, Nie X, Hao Y, Shi Y, Liu W, Tian Y, Wang S, Yuan F. Circuit-Specific Control of Blood Pressure by PNMT-Expressing Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1193-1209. [PMID: 36588135 PMCID: PMC10387028 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-01008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) is one of the morphologically and functionally defined centers that engage in the autonomic regulation of cardiovascular activity. Phenotypically-characterized NTS neurons have been implicated in the differential regulation of blood pressure (BP). Here, we investigated whether phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT)-expressing NTS (NTSPNMT) neurons contribute to the control of BP. We demonstrate that photostimulation of NTSPNMT neurons has variable effects on BP. A depressor response was produced during optogenetic stimulation of NTSPNMT neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, lateral parabrachial nucleus, and caudal ventrolateral medulla. Conversely, photostimulation of NTSPNMT neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla produced a robust pressor response and bradycardia. In addition, genetic ablation of both NTSPNMT neurons and those projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla impaired the arterial baroreflex. Overall, we revealed the neuronal phenotype- and circuit-specific mechanisms underlying the contribution of NTSPNMT neurons to the regulation of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Jun
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xianhong Ou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Luo Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hongxiao Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Tianjiao Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jinting Chen
- Core Facilities and Centers, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yinchao Hao
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yishuo Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yanming Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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Kinney HC, Haynes RL. The Serotonin Brainstem Hypothesis for the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 78:765-779. [PMID: 31397480 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of postneonatal infant mortality in the United States today, with an overall rate of 0.39/1000 live births. It is defined as the sudden and unexpected death of an infant <12 months of age that remains unexplained after a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, and review of the clinical history. The serotonin brainstem hypothesis has been a leading hypothesis for SIDS over the last 2 decades. Our laboratory has studied this hypothesis over time with a variety of tissue techniques, including tissue receptor autoradiography, high performance liquid chromatography, Western blot analysis, immunocytochemistry, and proteomics. The purpose of this article is to review the progress in our laboratory toward supporting this hypothesis. We conclude that an important subset of SIDS infants has serotonergic abnormalities resulting from a "core lesion" in the medullary reticular formation comprised of nuclei that contain serotonin neurons. This lesion could lead to a failure of protective brainstem responses to homeostatic challenges during sleep in a critical developmental period which cause sleep-related sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Kinney
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robin L Haynes
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Georgescu T, Lyons D, Doslikova B, Garcia AP, Marston O, Burke LK, Chianese R, Lam BYH, Yeo GSH, Rochford JJ, Garfield AS, Heisler LK. Neurochemical Characterization of Brainstem Pro-Opiomelanocortin Cells. Endocrinology 2020; 161:bqaa032. [PMID: 32166324 PMCID: PMC7102873 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic research has revealed pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) to be a fundamental regulator of energy balance and body weight in mammals. Within the brain, POMC is primarily expressed in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), while a smaller population exists in the brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (POMCNTS). We performed a neurochemical characterization of this understudied population of POMC cells using transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of a POMC promoter/enhancer (PomceGFP). Expression of endogenous Pomc mRNA in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) PomceGFP cells was confirmed using fluorescence-activating cell sorting (FACS) followed by quantitative PCR. In situ hybridization histochemistry of endogenous Pomc mRNA and immunohistochemical analysis of eGFP revealed that POMC is primarily localized within the caudal NTS. Neurochemical analysis indicated that POMCNTS is not co-expressed with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nesfatin, nitric oxide synthase 1 (nNOS), seipin, or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) cells, whereas 100% of POMCNTS is co-expressed with transcription factor paired-like homeobox2b (Phox2b). We observed that 20% of POMCNTS cells express receptors for adipocyte hormone leptin (LepRbs) using a PomceGFP:LepRbCre:tdTOM double-reporter line. Elevations in endogenous or exogenous leptin levels increased the in vivo activity (c-FOS) of a small subset of POMCNTS cells. Using ex vivo slice electrophysiology, we observed that this effect of leptin on POMCNTS cell activity is postsynaptic. These findings reveal that a subset of POMCNTS cells are responsive to both changes in energy status and the adipocyte hormone leptin, findings of relevance to the neurobiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Georgescu
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology & Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Lyons
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Ana Paula Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Marston
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luke K Burke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Brian Y H Lam
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giles S H Yeo
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Lora K Heisler
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Fu MH, Chen IC, Lee CH, Wu CW, Lee YC, Kung YC, Hung CY, Wu KLH. Anti-neuroinflammation ameliorates systemic inflammation-induced mitochondrial DNA impairment in the nucleus of the solitary tract and cardiovascular reflex dysfunction. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:224. [PMID: 31729994 PMCID: PMC6858639 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) leads to cardiovascular diseases and increased mortality in clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanisms are still inconclusive. Systemic inflammation-induced neuroinflammation is known to impair the autonomic center of cardiovascular regulation. The dynamic stability of blood pressure and heart rate (HR) is regulated by modulation of the reciprocal responses of sympathetic and parasympathetic tone by the baroreflex, which is controlled by the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). METHODS Systemic inflammation was induced by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1.2 mg/kg/day, 7 days) peritoneal infusion via an osmotic minipump in normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and HR were measured by femoral artery cannulation and recorded on a polygraph under anesthesia. The low-frequency (LF; 0.25-0.8 Hz) and high-frequency (HF; 0.8-2.4 Hz) components of SBP were adopted as the indices for sympathetic vasomotor tone and parasympathetic vasomotor tone, while the baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI) was adopted from the analysis of SBP and pulse interval (PI). The plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative damage were analyzed by ELISA. Protein expression was evaluated by Western blot. The distribution of oxidative mtDNA was probed by immunofluorescence. Pharmacological agents were delivered via infusion into the cisterna magna with an osmotic minipump. RESULTS The suppression of baroreflex sensitivity was concurrent with increased SBP and decreased HR. Neuroinflammatory factors, including TNF-α, CD11b, and Iba-1, were detected in the NTS of the LPS group. Moreover, indices of mtDNA damage, including 8-OHdG and γ-H2AX, were significantly increased in neuronal mitochondria. Pentoxifylline or minocycline intracisternal (IC) infusion effectively prevented mtDNA damage, suggesting that cytokine and microglial activation contributed to mtDNA damage. Synchronically, baroreflex sensitivity was effectively protected, and the elevated blood pressure was significantly relieved. In addition, the mtDNA repair mechanism was significantly enhanced by pentoxifylline or minocycline. CONCLUSION These results suggest that neuronal mtDNA damage in the NTS induced by neuroinflammation could be the core factor in deteriorating baroreflex desensitization and subsequent cardiovascular dysfunction. Therefore, the enhancement of base excision repair (BER) signaling in mitochondria could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular reflex dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hui Fu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chou-Hwei Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chih-Wei Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Yu Chih Kung
- Master of Science Program in Health Care, Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Neipu Township, Republic of China
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Neipu Township, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ying Hung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Kay L. H. Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
- Department of Senior Citizen Services, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, 700 Taiwan Republic of China
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Johnson M, Salvatore M, Maiolo S, Bobrovskaya L. Tyrosine hydroxylase as a sentinel for central and peripheral tissue responses in Parkinson’s progression: Evidence from clinical studies and neurotoxin models. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 165-167:1-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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An Essential Postdevelopmental Role for Lis1 in Mice. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0350-17. [PMID: 29404402 PMCID: PMC5797476 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0350-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
LIS1 mutations cause lissencephaly (LIS), a severe developmental brain malformation. Much less is known about its role in the mature nervous system. LIS1 regulates the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein 1 (dynein), and as LIS1 and dynein are both expressed in the adult nervous system, Lis1 could potentially regulate dynein-dependent processes such as axonal transport. We therefore knocked out Lis1 in adult mice using tamoxifen-induced, Cre-ER-mediated recombination. When an actin promoter was used to drive Cre-ER expression (Act-Cre-ER), heterozygous Lis1 knockout (KO) caused no obvious change in viability or behavior, despite evidence of widespread recombination by a Cre reporter three weeks after tamoxifen exposure. In contrast, homozygous Lis1 KO caused the rapid onset of neurological symptoms in both male and female mice. One tamoxifen-dosing regimen caused prominent recombination in the midbrain/hindbrain, PNS, and cardiac/skeletal muscle within a week; these mice developed severe symptoms in that time frame and were killed. A different tamoxifen regimen resulted in delayed recombination in midbrain/hindbrain, but not in other tissues, and also delayed the onset of symptoms. This indicates that Lis1 loss in the midbrain/hindbrain causes the severe phenotype. In support of this, brainstem regions known to house cardiorespiratory centers showed signs of axonal dysfunction in KO animals. Transport defects, neurofilament (NF) alterations, and varicosities were observed in axons in cultured DRG neurons from KO animals. Because no symptoms were observed when a cardiac specific Cre-ER promoter was used, we propose a vital role for Lis1 in autonomic neurons and implicate defective axonal transport in the KO phenotype.
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Talman WT, Dragon DN, Lin LH. Reduced responses to glutamate receptor agonists follow loss of astrocytes and astroglial glutamate markers in the nucleus tractus solitarii. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/5/e13158. [PMID: 28270593 PMCID: PMC5350171 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Saporin (SAP) or SAP conjugates injected into the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) of rats kill astrocytes. When injected in its unconjugated form, SAP produces no demonstrable loss of or damage to local neurons. However bilateral injections of SAP significantly attenuate responses to activation of baroreceptor reflexes that are mediated by transmission of signals through glutamate receptors in the NTS We tested the hypothesis that SAP would reduce cardiovascular responses to activation of NTS glutamate receptors despite its recognized ability to spare local neurons while killing local astrocytes. In animals treated with SAP and SAP conjugates or, as a control, with the toxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), we sought to determine if dose-related changes of arterial pressure (AP) or heart rate (HR) in response to injection into NTS of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) were attenuated. Also we quantified changes in immunoreactivity (IR) for EAAT2, EAAC1, and VGluT2 in NTS after SAP and SAP conjugates. Our earlier studies showed that IR for NMDA and AMPA receptors was not changed after injection of SAP We found that EAAT2 and EAAC1, both found in astrocytes, were reduced by SAP or its conjugates but not by 6-OHDA In contrast, VGluT2-IR was increased by SAP or conjugates but not by 6-OHDA AP and HR responses to NMDA and AMPA were attenuated after SAP and SAP conjugate injection but not after 6-OHDA Results of this study are consistent with others that have shown interactions between astroglia and neurons in synaptic transmission mediated by glutamate receptor activation in the NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Talman
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa .,Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Deidre Nitschke Dragon
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Li-Hsien Lin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa
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Carter DA, Choong YT, Connelly AA, Bassi JK, Hunter NO, Thongsepee N, Llewellyn-Smith IJ, Fong AY, McDougall SJ, Allen AM. Functional and neurochemical characterization of angiotensin type 1A receptor-expressing neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the mouse. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R438-R449. [PMID: 28701322 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00168.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II acts via two main receptors within the central nervous system, with the type 1A receptor (AT1AR) most widely expressed in adult neurons. Activation of the AT1R in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the principal nucleus receiving central synapses of viscerosensory afferents, modulates cardiovascular reflexes. Expression of the AT1R occurs in high density within the NTS of most mammals, including humans, but the fundamental electrophysiological and neurochemical characteristics of the AT1AR-expressing NTS neurons are not known. To address this, we have used a transgenic mouse, in which the AT1AR promoter drives expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). Approximately one-third of AT1AR-expressing neurons express the catecholamine-synthetic enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and a subpopulation of these stained for the transcription factor paired-like homeobox 2b (Phox2b). A third group, comprising approximately two-thirds of the AT1AR-expressing NTS neurons, showed Phox2b immunoreactivity alone. A fourth group in the ventral subnucleus expressed neither TH nor Phox2b. In whole cell recordings from slices in vitro, AT1AR-GFP neurons exhibited voltage-activated potassium currents, including the transient outward current and the M-type potassium current. In two different mouse strains, both AT1AR-GFP neurons and TH-GFP neurons showed similar AT1AR-mediated depolarizing responses to superfusion with angiotensin II. These data provide a comprehensive description of AT1AR-expressing neurons in the NTS and increase our understanding of the complex actions of this neuropeptide in the modulation of viscerosensory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Carter
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y-T Choong
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A A Connelly
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J K Bassi
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N O Hunter
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Thongsepee
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - I J Llewellyn-Smith
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Human Physiology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia; and
| | - A Y Fong
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S J McDougall
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A M Allen
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; .,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Mistrova E, Kruzliak P, Chottova Dvorakova M. Role of substance P in the cardiovascular system. Neuropeptides 2016; 58:41-51. [PMID: 26706184 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the structure and function of substance P signalling system and its involvement in the cardiovascular regulation. Substance P is an undecapeptide originating from TAC1 gen and belonging to the tachykinin family. The biological actions of substance P are mainly mediated through neurokinin receptor 1 since substance P is the ligand with the highest affinity to neurokinin receptor 1. Substance P is widely distributed within the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in the cardiovascular system. Substance P is involved in the regulation of heart frequency, blood pressure and in the stretching of vessels. Substance P plays an important role in ischemia and reperfusion and cardiovascular response to stress. Additionally, it has been also implicated in angiogenesis, pain transmission and inflammation. The substance P/neurokinin receptor 1 receptor system is involved in the molecular bases of many human pathological processes. Antagonists of neurokinin receptor 1 receptor could provide clinical solutions for a variety of diseases. Neurokinin receptor 1 antagonists are already used in the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Mistrova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 2(nd) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Chottova Dvorakova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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10
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Feetham CH, Barrett-Jolley R. NK1-receptor-expressing paraventricular nucleus neurones modulate daily variation in heart rate and stress-induced changes in heart rate variability. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:e12207. [PMID: 25472606 PMCID: PMC4332202 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is an established center of cardiovascular control, receiving projections from other nuclei of the hypothalamus such as the dorsomedial hypothalamus and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The PVN contains a population of "pre-autonomic neurones" which project to the intermediolateralis of the spinal cord and increase sympathetic activity, blood pressure, and heart rate. These spinally projecting neurones express a number of membrane receptors including GABA and substance P NK1 receptors. Activation of NK1-expressing neurones increases heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic activity. However, their role in the pattern of overall cardiovascular control remains unknown. In this work, we use specific saporin lesion of NK1-expressing PVN rat neurones with SSP-SAP and telemetrically measure resting heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in response to mild psychological stress. The HRV parameter "low frequency/high frequency ratio" is often used as an indicator of sympathetic activity and is significantly increased with psychological stress in control rats (0.84 ± 0.14 to 2.02 ± 0.15; P < 0.001; n = 3). We find the stress-induced increase in this parameter to be blunted in the SSP-SAP-lesioned rats (0.83 ± 0.09 to 0.93 ± 0.21; P > 0.05; n = 3). We also find a shift in daily variation of heart rate rhythm and conclude that NK1-expressing PVN neurones are involved with coupling of the cardiovascular system to daily heart rate variation and the sympathetic response to psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire H Feetham
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Centre for Integrative Mammalian Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Barrett-Jolley
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Centre for Integrative Mammalian Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Furlong TM, McDowall LM, Horiuchi J, Polson JW, Dampney RAL. The effect of air puff stress on c-Fos expression in rat hypothalamus and brainstem: central circuitry mediating sympathoexcitation and baroreflex resetting. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 39:1429-38. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teri M. Furlong
- School of Medical Sciences (Physiology) and Bosch Institute for Biomedical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Lachlan M. McDowall
- School of Medical Sciences (Physiology) and Bosch Institute for Biomedical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Jouji Horiuchi
- School of Medical Sciences (Physiology) and Bosch Institute for Biomedical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Jaimie W. Polson
- School of Medical Sciences (Physiology) and Bosch Institute for Biomedical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Roger A. L. Dampney
- School of Medical Sciences (Physiology) and Bosch Institute for Biomedical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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12
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Machado BH. Central control of autonomic and respiratory functions in health and diseases. Auton Neurosci 2013; 175:1-2. [PMID: 23428532 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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