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Liu WN, Hsu YC, Lu CW, Lin SC, Wu TJ, Lin GM. Serum Malondialdehyde-Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein as a Risk Marker for Peripheral Arterial Stiffness in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:697. [PMID: 38792880 PMCID: PMC11123168 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Peripheral arterial stiffness (PAS), assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), is an independent biomarker of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), an oxidative stress marker, has been linked to atherosclerosis and CVD. However, the association between serum MDA-LDL and PAS among HD patients has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the association of serum MDA-LDL with PAS in HD patients and to identify the optimal cutoff value of serum MDA-LDL for predicting PAS. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 HD patients. Serum MDA-LDL was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and baPWV was measured using a volume plethysmographic device. Patients were divided into the PAS group (baPWV > 18.0 m/s) and the non-PAS group (baPWV ≤ 18.0 m/s). The associations of baPWV and other clinical and biochemical parameters with serum MDA-LDL were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analyses. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff value of serum MDA-LDL for predicting PAS. Results: In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher serum MDA-LDL, older age, and higher serum C-reactive protein [odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals: 1.014 (1.004-1.025), 1.044 (1.004-1.085) and 3.697 (1.149-11.893)] were significantly associated with PAS. In the ROC curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of MDA-LDL for predicting PAS was 80.91 mg/dL, with a sensitivity of 79.25% and a specificity of 59.57%. Conclusions: Greater serum MDA-LDL levels, particularly ≥80.91 mg/dL, were independently associated with PAS in HD patients. The findings suggest that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PAS, and targeting MDA-LDL may be a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing cardiovascular risk in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Nung Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Wen Lu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Ssu-Chin Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jui Wu
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan; (W.-N.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Ma X, Xin D, She R, Liu D, Ge J, Mei Z. Novel insight into cGAS-STING pathway in ischemic stroke: from pre- to post-disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275408. [PMID: 37915571 PMCID: PMC10616885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a primary cause of disability and the second leading cause of mortality, has emerged as an urgent public health issue. Growing evidence suggests that the Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, a component of innate immunity, is closely associated with microglia activation, neuroinflammation, and regulated cell death in ischemic stroke. However, the mechanisms underlying this pathway remain inadequately understood. This article comprehensively reviews the existing literature on the cGAS-STING pathway and its multifaceted relationship with ischemic stroke. Initially, it examines how various risk factors and pre-disease mechanisms such as metabolic dysfunction and senescence (e.g., hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia) affect the cGAS-STING pathway in relation to ischemic stroke. Subsequently, we explore in depth the potential pathophysiological relationship between this pathway and oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroinflammation as well as regulated cell death including ferroptosis and PANoptosis following cerebral ischemia injury. Finally, it suggests that intervention targeting the cGAS-STING pathway may serve as promising therapeutic strategies for addressing neuroinflammation associated with ischemic stroke. Taken together, this review concludes that targeting the microglia cGAS-STING pathway may shed light on the exploration of new therapeutic strategies against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Xin
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruining She
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Feng P, Jiang H. PCSK9 inhibitor attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating SNHG16/EZH2/TRAF5-mediated VSMC proliferation, migration, and foam cell formation. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1267-1280. [PMID: 37017413 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor has been demonstrated to exert a great cardioprotection in cardiometabolic impairments, including atherosclerosis. However, its underlying mechanism remains not fully understood. This study focuses on uncovering the actions of PCSK9 inhibitor on the connection between atherosclerosis and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behaviors. qRT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression of SNHG16. Proliferation and migration of VSMC were characterized by Cell Counting Kit-8 and wound healing assays. The intracellular lipids and foam cell formation were assessed by Oil Red O staining, fluorescence image, and cholesterol quantification kit. Atherosclerosis in vivo was evaluated by imaging the atherosclerotic lesions, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Oil Red O staining and Masson staining. The interaction between SNHG16 with EZH2 and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. A ApoE-/- mice model was used to validate the role of PCSK9 inhibitor and SNHG16 for atherosclerosis. The protective regulation of PCSK9 inhibitor was observed both in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated VSMC, as manifested in the decreased the atherosclerotic lesions in vivo, as well as the weakened cell proliferation, migration, and formation of foam cells in vitro. SNHG16 was identified to be a downstream effector of PCSK9 inhibitor-mediated biological functions, of which knockdown also significantly ox-LDL-treated VSMC proliferation, migration, and foam cell formation abilities. SNHG16 epigenetically suppressed TRAF5 via recruiting EZH2. Silencing of TRAF5 abolished the protective effects of SNHG16 knockdown on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Collectively, PCSK9 inhibitor attenuated atherosclerosis by regulating SNHG16/EZH2/TRAF5 axis to impair the proliferation, migration, and foam cell formation of VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yueyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Panyang Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Haijie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Ci W, Wan J, Han J, Zou K, Ge C, Pan L, Jin Z. Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio as a predictor for patients with Takayasu arteritis and coronary involvement: a double-center, observational study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1120245. [PMID: 37426640 PMCID: PMC10324657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1120245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The implication of the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) remains unclear. Objective We aimed to assess the predictive value of the MHR to identify coronary involvement with TAK and determine the patient prognosis. Methods In this retrospective study, 1,184 consecutive patients with TAK were collected and assessed, and those who were initially treated and with coronary angiography were enrolled and classified according to coronary involvement or no involvement. Binary logistic analysis was performed to assess coronary involvement risk factors. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the MHR value to predict coronary involvement in TAK. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were recorded in patients with TAK and coronary involvement within a 1-year follow-up, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was conducted to compare MACEs between them stratified by the MHR. Results A total of 115 patients with TAK were included in this study, and 41 of them had coronary involvement. A higher MHR was found for TAK with coronary involvement than for TAK without coronary involvement (P = 0.014). Multivariate analysis showed that the MHR is an independent risk factor for coronary involvement in TAK (odds ratio: 92.718, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.813-3056.291, P = 0.011). With the best cut-off value of 0.35, the MHR identified coronary involvement with 53.7% sensitivity and 68.9% specificity [area under the curve (AUC): 0.639, 95% CI: 0.544-0.726, P=0.010] and identified left main disease and/or three-vessel disease (LMD/3VD) with 70.6% sensitivity and 66.3% specificity (AUC: 0.704, 95% CI: 0.612-0.786, P = 0.003) in TAK. Combined with other variables, the MHR identified coronary involvement with 63.4% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity (AUC: 0.852, 95% CI: 0.773-0.911, P < 0.001), and identified LMD/3VD with 82.4% sensitivity and 78.6% specificity (AUC: 0.827, 95% CI: 0.720-0.934, P < 0.001) in TAK. A total of 39 patients with TAK and coronary involvement were followed up for 1 year, and 5 patients suffered a MACE. Those with an MHR >0.35 had a higher MACE incidence than their counterparts with an MHR ≤0.35 (χ2 = 4.757, P = 0.029). Conclusions The MHR could be a simple, practical biomarker for identifying coronary involvement and LMD/3VD in TAK and predicting a long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Ci
- Department of Cardiology and Macrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Wan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Cardiology and Macrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyuan Zou
- Department of Cardiology and Macrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zening Jin
- Department of Cardiology and Macrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liu L, Liu Y, Zhao Y. Circular RNA circ_0008896 contributes to oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced aortic endothelial cell injury via targeting miR-188-3p/NOD2 axis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:275-287. [PMID: 36940068 PMCID: PMC10167080 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of circ_0008896 in Atherosclerosis (AS) by using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human aortic endothelial cell (HAECs). Levels of genes and proteins were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Functional experiments, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis, cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, tube formation assays and the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) generation, were performed to investigate the role of circ_0008896 on ox-LDL-induced HAEC damage. Circ_0008896 was increased in AS patients and ox-LDL-stimulated HAECs. Functionally, circ_0008896 knockdown reversed ox-LDL-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis as well as arrest of proliferation and angiogenesis in HAECs in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0008896 functioned as a sponge for miR-188-3p to relieve the repression of miR-188-3p on its target NOD2. A series of rescue experiments showed that miR-188-3p inhibition attenuated the protective effects of circ_0008896 knockdown on ox-LDL-stimulated HAECs, and NOD2 overexpression abolished the beneficial action of miR-188-3p in the suppression of inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and the promotion of cell growth and angiogenesis in HAECs under ox-LDL treatment. Circ_0008896 silencing attenuates ox-LDL-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and growth arrest in HAECs in vitro, adding further understanding for the pathogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- Heart Function Examination Room, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yueyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- , Dalian City, China.
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Gusev E, Sarapultsev A. Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097910. [PMID: 37175617 PMCID: PMC10178362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data from a general pathology perspective, particularly with regard to atherogenesis patterns in the context of both canonical and non-classical inflammation types. In this review, we analyze various typical phenomena and outcomes of cellular pro-inflammatory stress in atherosclerosis, as well as the role of endothelial dysfunction in local and systemic manifestations of low-grade inflammation. We also present the features of immune mechanisms in the development of productive inflammation in stable and unstable plaques, along with their similarities and differences compared to canonical inflammation. There are numerous factors that act as inducers of the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis, including vascular endothelium aging, metabolic dysfunctions, autoimmune, and in some cases, infectious damage factors. Life-critical complications of atherosclerosis, such as cardiogenic shock and severe strokes, are associated with the development of acute systemic hyperinflammation. Additionally, critical atherosclerotic ischemia of the lower extremities induces paracoagulation and the development of chronic systemic inflammation. Conversely, sepsis, other critical conditions, and severe systemic chronic diseases contribute to atherogenesis. In summary, atherosclerosis can be characterized as an independent form of inflammation, sharing similarities but also having fundamental differences from low-grade inflammation and various variants of canonical inflammation (classic vasculitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Gusev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Yang X, Wang C, Zhu G, Guo Z, Fan L. METTL14/YTHDF1 axis-modified UCHL5 aggravates atherosclerosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Exp Cell Res 2023; 427:113587. [PMID: 37044315 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching contributes to VSMC proliferation and migration in atherosclerosis (AS). Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of VSMC phenotypic switching during AS progression is unclear. Here, the role and regulatory mechanism of UCHL5 in VSMC phenotypic switching during AS progression were investigated. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed with high fat diet to establish AS model in vivo. VSMCs stimulated by ox-LDL were used as AS cellular model. VSMC proliferation and migration were examined by CCK8 assay and transwell assay, respectively. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using ELISA. The interactions between METTL14/YTHDF1, UCHL5 and NLRP3 were analyzed using RIP and/or dual-luciferase reporter gene and/or Co-IP assays. NLRP3 ubiquitination was analyzed by ubiquitination analysis. RESULTS UCHL5 was significantly upregulated in AS patients and ox-LDL-treated VSMCs. UCHL5 silencing ameliorated plaque formation and vascular remodeling in vivo and suppressed ox-LDL-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, inflammation and phenotypic switching in vitro. Moreover, METTL14 could increase UCHL5 mRNA m6A level and promoted UCHL5 expression by recruiting YTHDF1. Moreover, UCHL5 overexpression enhanced protein stability by deubiquitinating NLRP3. Rescue studies revealed that NLRP3 overexpression abrogated UCHL5 silencing-mediated biological effects in ox-LDL-treated VSMCs. CONCLUSION UCHL5 modified by METTL14/YTHDF1 axis could facilitate the inflammation and vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Guanglang Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Longhua Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China.
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Misra DP, Hauge EM, Crowson CS, Kitas GD, Ormseth SR, Karpouzas GA. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in the Rheumatic Diseases:: An Integrative, Multiparametric Approach. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2023; 49:19-43. [PMID: 36424025 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is increased in most inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs), reiterating the role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. An inverse association of CVD risk with body weight and lipid levels has been described in IRDs. Coronary artery calcium scores, plaque burden and characteristics, and carotid plaques on ultrasound optimize CVD risk estimate in IRDs. Biomarkers of cardiac injury, autoantibodies, lipid biomarkers, and cytokines also improve risk assessment in IRDs. Machine learning and deep learning algorithms for phenotype and image analysis hold promise to improve CVD risk stratification in IRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Ellen M Hauge
- Division of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99 DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cynthia S Crowson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences and Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 first St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Sarah R Ormseth
- The Lundquist Institute and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, Building E4-R17, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - George A Karpouzas
- The Lundquist Institute and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, Building E4-R17, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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9
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Ju J, Liu Y, Liang H, Yang B. The role of pyroptosis in endothelial dysfunction induced by diseases. Front Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1093985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most organs in the body rely on blood flow, and vesicular damage is the leading cause of injury in multiple organs. The endothelium, as the barriers of vessels, play a critical role in ensuring vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. The rapid development of risk factors in endothelial injuries has been seen in the past decade, such as smoking, infectious, and diabetes mellites. Pyroptotic endothelium is an inflammatory mode of governed endothelial cell death that depend on the metabolic disorder and severe infectious such as atherosclerosis, and sepsis-related acute lung injury, respectively. Pyroptotic endothelial cells need GSDMD cleaved into N- and C-terminal by caspase1, and the cytokines are released by a pore constructed by the N-terminal of GSDMD in the membrane of ECs, finally resulting in severe inflammation and pyroptotic cell death. This review will focus on the patho-physiological and pharmacological pathways of pyroptotic endothelial metabolism in diseases. Overall, this review indicates that pyroptosis is a significant risk factor in diseases and a potential drug target in related diseases.
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10
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Ju J, Liu Y, Liang H, Yang B. The role of pyroptosis in endothelial dysfunction induced by diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1093985. [PMID: 36776394 PMCID: PMC9910335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1093985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Most organs in the body rely on blood flow, and vesicular damage is the leading cause of injury in multiple organs. The endothelium, as the barriers of vessels, play a critical role in ensuring vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. The rapid development of risk factors in endothelial injuries has been seen in the past decade, such as smoking, infectious, and diabetes mellites. Pyroptotic endothelium is an inflammatory mode of governed endothelial cell death that depend on the metabolic disorder and severe infectious such as atherosclerosis, and sepsis-related acute lung injury, respectively. Pyroptotic endothelial cells need GSDMD cleaved into N- and C-terminal by caspase1, and the cytokines are released by a pore constructed by the N-terminal of GSDMD in the membrane of ECs, finally resulting in severe inflammation and pyroptotic cell death. This review will focus on the patho-physiological and pharmacological pathways of pyroptotic endothelial metabolism in diseases. Overall, this review indicates that pyroptosis is a significant risk factor in diseases and a potential drug target in related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,*Correspondence: Baofeng Yang,
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11
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Fu X, Liu H, Fan Y, Yuan J. Extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of lncRNA CLDN10-AS1 aggravates low-density lipoprotein-induced vascular endothelial injury. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:471-485. [PMID: 36250558 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00094.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) stimulation impairs the oxidation-reduction equilibrium in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and contributes to atherosclerosis (AS). This study probed the mechanisms of extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated transfer of lncRNA CLDN10 antisense RNA 1 (CLDN10-AS1) in ox-LDL-induced VEC injury. Initially, VEC injury models were established by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ox-LDL. EVs were isolated from HUVECs (HUVECs-EVs) and identified. CLDN10-AS1, microRNA (miR)-186, and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) expressions in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs and EVs derived from these cells (ox-EVs) were measured. HUVECs were incubated with EVs, after which the cell viability, apoptosis, and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were measured. We discovered that CLDN10-AS1 and YY1 were upregulated in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, whereas miR-186 was downregulated. ox-EVs treatment elevated CLDN10-AS1 expression in HUVECs and ox-EVs overexpressing CLDN10-AS1 promoted VEC injury. Besides, CLDN10-AS1 is competitively bound to miR-186 and promoted YY1 expression. Rescue experiments revealed that miR-186 overexpression or YY1 suppression partially reversed the roles of ox-EVs overexpressing CLDN10-AS1 in ox-LDL-induced VEC injury. Lastly, clinical serum samples were collected for verification. Overall, CLDN10-AS1 carried by HUVECs-EVs into HUVECs competitively bound to miR-186 to elevate YY1 expression, thereby aggravating ox-LDL-induced VEC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yulong Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji Yuan
- Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Anaesthesia, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Anaesthesia, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Circ_0005699 participates in ox-LDL-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury via targeting the miR-636/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Li Q, Gloudemans MJ, Geisinger JM, Fan B, Aguet F, Sun T, Ramaswami G, Li YI, Ma JB, Pritchard JK, Montgomery SB, Li JB. RNA editing underlies genetic risk of common inflammatory diseases. Nature 2022; 608:569-577. [PMID: 35922514 PMCID: PMC9790998 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in human genetics is to identify the molecular mechanisms of trait-associated and disease-associated variants. To achieve this, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of genetic variants with intermediate molecular phenotypes such as gene expression and splicing have been widely adopted1,2. However, despite successes, the molecular basis for a considerable fraction of trait-associated and disease-associated variants remains unclear3,4. Here we show that ADAR-mediated adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing, a post-transcriptional event vital for suppressing cellular double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated innate immune interferon responses5-11, is an important potential mechanism underlying genetic variants associated with common inflammatory diseases. We identified and characterized 30,319 cis-RNA editing QTLs (edQTLs) across 49 human tissues. These edQTLs were significantly enriched in genome-wide association study signals for autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases. Colocalization analysis of edQTLs with disease risk loci further pinpointed key, putatively immunogenic dsRNAs formed by expected inverted repeat Alu elements as well as unexpected, highly over-represented cis-natural antisense transcripts. Furthermore, inflammatory disease risk variants, in aggregate, were associated with reduced editing of nearby dsRNAs and induced interferon responses in inflammatory diseases. This unique directional effect agrees with the established mechanism that lack of RNA editing by ADAR1 leads to the specific activation of the dsRNA sensor MDA5 and subsequent interferon responses and inflammation7-9. Our findings implicate cellular dsRNA editing and sensing as a previously underappreciated mechanism of common inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael J. Gloudemans
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Boming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Tao Sun
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gokul Ramaswami
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yang I. Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jin-Biao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jonathan K. Pritchard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen B. Montgomery
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Stephen B. Montgomery, Jin Billy Li
| | - Jin Billy Li
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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14
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Sato I, Yamamoto S, Kakimoto M, Fujii M, Honma K, Kumazaki S, Matsui M, Nakayama H, Kirihara S, Ran S, Usui S, Shinohata R, Kitamori K, Hirohata S, Watanabe S. Suppression of nitric oxide synthase aggravates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis in SHRSP5/Dmcr rat via acceleration of abnormal lipid metabolism. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:669-683. [PMID: 35819592 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is closely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in the control of various biological processes. Dysfunction of the NO signaling pathway is associated with various diseases such as atherosclerosis, vascular inflammatory disease, and diabetes. Recently, it has been reported that NO is related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Chronic NO synthase (NOS) inhibition accelerates NAFLD by increasing hepatic lipid deposition. However, the detailed relationship between NO and abnormal lipid and cholesterol metabolism in NAFLD/NASH has not been completely explained. We aimed to determine the effects of NOS inhibition by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), a NOS inhibitor, on NASH and CVD via lipid and cholesterol metabolism. METHODS Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks and administered L-NAME for the last 2 weeks. Following blood and tissue sampling, biochemical analysis, histopathological staining, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, and western blotting were performed. RESULTS L-NAME markedly increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels by promoting TG synthesis and cholesterol absorption from the diet. L-NAME increased the mRNA levels of inflammatory markers and fibrotic areas in the liver. Cholesterol secretion from the liver was promoted in rats administered L-NAME, which increased serum cholesterol. L-NAME significantly increased the level of oxidative stress marker and lipid deposition in the arteries. CONCLUSIONS NOS inhibition simultaneously aggravates NASH and atherosclerosis via hepatic lipid and cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikumi Sato
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shusei Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mai Kakimoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Moe Fujii
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Koki Honma
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shota Kumazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mami Matsui
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hinako Nakayama
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Sora Kirihara
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shang Ran
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinichi Usui
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86, Nishi-machi, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ryoko Shinohata
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kitamori
- Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723, Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirohata
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shogo Watanabe
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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15
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Wang W, Tang W, Shan E, Zhang L, Chen S, Yu C, Gao Y. MiR-130a-5p contributed to the progression of endothelial cell injury by regulating FAS. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [PMID: 35638591 PMCID: PMC9201574 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in the development of vascular diseases. However, the effects of miR-130a-5p and its functional targets on atherosclerosis (AS) are still largely unknown. In this regard, our aim is to explore the potentially important role of miR-130a-5p and its target gene during the progression of endothelial cell injury. We first found oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced FAS and cell apoptosis in HUVECs. Subsequently, miR-130a-5p expression was verified to be downregulated after ox-LDL treatment and negatively correlated with FAS, and FAS was identified as substantially upregulated in the ox-LDL-treated HUVEC cells. After that, the knockdown of FAS and overexpression of miR-130a-5p together were observed to aggregate ox-LDL-induced reduction of cell viability and apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, we detected that miR-130a-5p contributed to the progression of endothelial cell injury by regulating of FAS, which may provide a new and promising therapeutic target for AS.
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16
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Meng N, Chen K, Wang Y, Hou J, Chu W, Xie S, Yang F, Sun C. Dihydrohomoplantagin and Homoplantaginin, Major Flavonoid Glycosides from Salvia plebeia R. Br. Inhibit oxLDL-Induced Endothelial Cell Injury and Restrict Atherosclerosis via Activating Nrf2 Anti-Oxidation Signal Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061990. [PMID: 35335352 PMCID: PMC8951125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced endothelium injury promotes the development of atherosclerosis. It has been reported that homoplantaginin, a flavonoid glycoside from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia plebeia R. Br., protected vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting inflammation. However, it is undetermined whether homoplantaginin affects atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of homoplantaginin and its derivative dihydrohomoplantagin on oxLDL-induced endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. Our results showedthat both dihydrohomoplantagin and homoplantaginin inhibited apoptosis and the increased level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in oxLDL-stimulated HUVECs and the plaque endothelium of apoE-/- mice. Additionally, both of them restricted atherosclerosis development of apoE-/- mice. Mechanistic studies showed that oxLDL-induced the increase in ROS production, phosphorylation of ERK and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in HUVECs was significantly inhibited by the compounds. Meanwhile, these two compounds promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased the anti-oxidation downstream HO-1 protein level in HUVECs and plaque endothelium. Notably, knockdown of Nrf2 by siRNA abolished the cell protective effects of compounds and antagonized the inhibition effects of them on ROS production and NF-κB activation in oxLDL-stimulated HUVECs. Collectively, dihydrohomoplantagin and homoplantaginin protected VECs by activating Nrf2 and thus inhibited atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (N.M.); (Y.W.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Kai Chen
- New Drug Evaluation Center, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, China;
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (N.M.); (Y.W.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Jiarong Hou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (N.M.); (Y.W.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Wenhui Chu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (N.M.); (Y.W.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Shan Xie
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (N.M.); (Y.W.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Fengying Yang
- New Drug Evaluation Center, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, China;
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (C.S.)
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (C.S.)
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17
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Lorey MB, Öörni K, Kovanen PT. Modified Lipoproteins Induce Arterial Wall Inflammation During Atherogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:841545. [PMID: 35310965 PMCID: PMC8927694 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.841545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, notably the low-density lipoproteins, enter the inner layer of the arterial wall, the intima, where a fraction of them is retained and modified by proteases, lipases, and oxidizing agents and enzymes. The modified lipoproteins and various modification products, such as fatty acids, ceramides, lysophospholipids, and oxidized lipids induce inflammatory reactions in the macrophages and the covering endothelial cells, initiating an increased leukocyte diapedesis. Lipolysis of the lipoproteins also induces the formation of cholesterol crystals with strong proinflammatory properties. Modified and aggregated lipoproteins, cholesterol crystals, and lipoproteins isolated from human atherosclerotic lesions, all can activate macrophages and thereby induce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes. The extent of lipoprotein retention, modification, and aggregation have been shown to depend largely on differences in the composition of the circulating lipoprotein particles. These properties can be modified by pharmacological means, and thereby provide opportunities for clinical interventions regarding the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina B. Lorey
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Öörni
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Katariina Öörni
| | - Petri T. Kovanen
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Kong J, Liu L, Song L, Zhao R, Feng Y. MicroRNA miR-34a-5p inhibition restrains oxidative stress injury of macrophages by targeting MDM4. Vascular 2022; 31:608-618. [PMID: 35226569 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211069447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis is a chronic cardiovascular disease associated with oxidative stress damage, which is caused by excessive oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The role of microRNA miR-34a-5p on oxidative stress in ox-LDL-treated macrophages was investigated in this study. METHODS Flow cytometry was prepared for assessing THP1-derived macrophage apoptosis. The protein and expression levels of miR-34a-5p and MDM4 were examined by Western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. We also measured the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride to determine the lipid accumulation. Subsequently, the activities of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species revealed the level of oxidative stress injury after miR-34a-5p and MDM4 knockdown. RESULTS After ox-LDL treatment, cell apoptosis of macrophages increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. With the increase of ox-LDL treatment and the prolongation of treatment time, the expression level of miR-34a-5p was upregulated. Next, interfering with miR-34a-5p inhibited lipid accumulation and oxidative stress injury in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages. MDM4 was a target gene of miR-34a-5p and was upregulated in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages. With the increase of ox-LDL treatment and the prolongation of treatment time, the expression level of MDM4 was downregulated. Importantly, MDM4 knockdown partially counteracted the inhibitory effect of miR-34a-5p on oxidative stress injury. CONCLUSION MicroRNA miR-34a-5p knockdown suppressed oxidative stress injury via MDM4 in ox-LDL-treated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical CollegeMudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Laixin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College,, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mudanjiang Huimin Hospital, Mudanjiang157006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruifeng Zhao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College,Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157000, Heilongjiang, China
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19
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Jin X, Yang S, Lu J, Wu M. Small, Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis: Relationship and Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:804214. [PMID: 35224026 PMCID: PMC8866335 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.804214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays an important role in the formation, incidence, and development of atherosclerosis (AS). Low-density lipoproteins can be divided into two categories: large and light LDL-C and small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C). In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that sdLDL-C has a strong ability to cause AS because of its unique characteristics, such as having small-sized particles and low density. Therefore, this has become the focus of further research. However, the specific mechanisms regarding the involvement of sdLDL-C in AS have not been fully explained. This paper reviews the possible mechanisms of sdLDL-C in AS by reviewing relevant literature in recent years. It was found that sdLDL-C can increase the atherogenic effect by regulating the activity of gene networks, monocytes, and enzymes. This article also reviews the research progress on the effects of sdLDL-C on endothelial function, lipid metabolism, and inflammation; it also discusses its intervention effect. Diet, exercise, and other non-drug interventions can improve sdLDL-C levels. Further, drug interventions such as statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, and niacin have also been found to improve sdLDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- General Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- General Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- General Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Li Y, Wang B. Circular RNA circCHFR downregulation protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial injury via regulation of microRNA-15b-5p/growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4481-4492. [PMID: 35137664 PMCID: PMC8973773 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2032967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of coronary heart disease. In recent years, circ_0029589 (circCHFR) has been found to be associated with atherosclerosis development. However, the molecular mechanism of circCHFR action in atherosclerosis development is unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the function and action mechanism of circCHFR in atherosclerosis development. An atherosclerosis cell model was created by exposing human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. The expression of circCHFR, microRNA(miR)-15b-5p, growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma (GADD45G), and their associated proteins was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Additionally, cell viability, apoptosis, and cytokine levels were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. circCHFR expression was upregulated in patients with atherosclerosis and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-exposed HUVECs, whereas miR-15b-5p expression was downregulated. circCHFR silencing significantly improved viability and reduced apoptosis of HUVECs. In addition, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and atherosclerosis-associated cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were significantly downregulated, whereas the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was upregulated. Further, we discovered that circCHFR serves as a molecular sponge of miR-15b-5p. GADD45G was found to be an important target of miR-15b-5p; miR-15b-5p mimic inhibited GADD45G expression, reduced apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and improved cell survival. However, these effects of miR-15b-5p on (ox-LDL) induced HUVECs were reversed with GADD45G plasmid co-transfection. In conclusion, circCHFR promotes atherosclerosis progression via the miR-15b-5p/GADD45G axis and may be an important target for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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Protective Effect of Flavonoids from a Deep-Sea-Derived Arthrinium sp. against ox-LDL-Induced Oxidative Injury through Activating the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120712. [PMID: 34940711 PMCID: PMC8707590 DOI: 10.3390/md19120712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced oxidative injury in vascular endothelial cells is crucial for the progression of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Several flavonoids have been shown cardiovascular protective effects. Recently, our research group confirmed that the novel flavonoids isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Arthrinium sp., 2,3,4,6,8-pentahydroxy-1-methylxanthone (compound 1) and arthone C (compound 2) effectively scavenged ROS in vitro. In this study, we further investigated whether these compounds could protect against ox-LDL-induced oxidative injury in endothelial cells and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that compounds 1 and 2 inhibited ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and adhesion factors expression in human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanistic studies showed that these compounds significantly inhibited the ROS level increase and the NF-κB nuclear translocation induced by ox-LDL. Moreover, compounds 1 and 2 activated the Nrf2 to transfer into nuclei and increased the expression of its downstream antioxidant gene HO-1 by inducing the phosphorylation of AKT in HUVECs. Importantly, the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl or knockdown of Nrf2 by RNA interference attenuated the inhibition effects of these compounds on ox-LDL-induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Meanwhile, knockdown of Nrf2 abolished the effects of the compounds on ox-LDL-induced ROS level increase and the translocation of NF-κB to nuclei. Collectively, the data showed that compounds 1 and 2 protected endothelial cells against ox-LDL-induced oxidative stress through activating the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Our study provides new strategies for the design of lead compounds for related cardiovascular diseases treatment.
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22
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Pei X, Wen Y, Cui F, Yang Z, Xie Z. lncRNA CASC7 regulates pathological progression of ox-LDL-stimulated atherosclerotic cell models via sponging miR-21 and regulating PI3K/Akt and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25408-25425. [PMID: 34887360 PMCID: PMC8714147 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a frequently occurring cause of cardiovascular disease and involves a complicated pathophysiological process. Studies suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in AS genesis and progression, but mechanisms underlying these connections are unclear. Therefore, this work focused on exploring the role of lncRNA CASC7 in AS. In this study, RNA-seq sequencing results identified 1040 lncRNAs differentially expressed between AS patients and healthy controls. Of these lncRNAs, 458 were up-regulated and 582 were downregulated. CASC7 was found to be down-regulated in serum samples from AS patients and in HUVEC and VSMC exposed to ox-LDL. Overexpression of CASC7 inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of VSMC, and it markedly reduced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in HUVEC. Increased expression of a CASC7 target, miR-21, abolished the effects of CASC7 on HUVEC and VSMC. Notably, miR-21 targets PI3K in VSMC and TLR4 in HUVEC. The inhibitory effect of CASC7 was decreased by stimulation of PI3K, suggesting that the CASC7/miR-21 axis functions through PI3K/Akt signaling in VSMC. Similarly, the inhibitory effect of CASC7 on the inflammatory response in HUVEC was abolished through activating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. CASC7 inhibited proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of VSMC through modulating the miR-21/PI3K-AKT axis, and upregulating CASC7 suppressed the inflammatory response of HUVEC by sponging miR-21 to inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Pei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongjin Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Facai Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhouliang Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Guo J, Li J, Zhang J, Guo X, Liu H, Li P, Zhang Y, Lin C, Fan Z. LncRNA PVT1 knockdown alleviated ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis by miR-153-3p/GRB2 axis via ERK/p38 pathway. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3508-3521. [PMID: 34627697 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS LncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays a regulatory role in some cardiovascular diseases, but its role in atherosclerosis (AS) remains barely explored. The study aimed to investigate the effects of PVT1 on high fat diet-induced AS and its potential mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoE -/- mice were fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks to establish an AS model. Lentiviral vectors containing PVT1 short hairpin RNA (PVT1-shRNA) or NC-shRNA were administered by tail vein injection. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory factor secretion, and cellular oxidative stress were measured to evaluate oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) injury. Dual-luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to confirm the interaction between miR-153-3p and PVT1 or growth factor receptor binding protein 2 (GRB2). Atherosclerotic lesions, lipid deposition, and cell apoptosis in aorta were analyzed by H&E, Oil Red O, and TUNEL straining. PVT1 knockdown alleviated ox-LDL-induced inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in HUVECs. PVT1 acted as a sponge of miR-153-3p, and GRB2 was confirmed as a target of miR-153-3p. MiR-153-3p overexpression attenuated the enhanced effects of PVT1 on ox-LDL-induced cell damage. GRB2 overexpression reversed the mitigating effects of miR-153-3p on ox-LDL-caused injury. Inhibiting PVT1 restrained the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 pathway via miR-153-3p/GRB2 axis. Additionally, silencing PVT1 in vivo reduced atherosclerotic plaques, lipid deposition, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in AS mice. CONCLUSION PVT1 knockdown alleviated ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis through miR-153-3p/GRB2 axis via ERK1/2 and p38 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junbiao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Peicheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhenping Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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24
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Du H, Yang L, Zhang X. Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Aggravated the Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced Damage of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Vascular endothelial injury could induce many cardiovascular diseases. Recently, some studies have indicated that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether higher levels of
MMP-7 were associated with the occurrence of the vascular endothelial injury is unclear. Material and methods: In this study, ox-LDL was used for the simulation of vascular endothelial injury in HUVECs. Next, we detected the expression of MMP-7 in these cells. After that, we established
the cell models with MMP-7 overexpression and knockdown, respectively. At last, the apoptosis and inflammation of HUVECs were detected with corresponding assays. Results: After the stimulation of ox-LDL, the expression of MMP-7 was enhanced compared to the control groups. After the
stimulation of ox-LDL and the overexpression of MMP-7, the apoptosis rates of HUVECs were enhanced, while MMP-7 knockdown led to the decreased apoptosis rates of these cells. Furthermore, after the stimulation of ox-LDL and overexpression of MMP-7, the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6,
IL-1β and TNF-α) was promoted. Additionally, the expression of these proteins was repressed after knockdown of MMP-7. Conclusion: MMP-7 aggravated the ox-LDL-induced damage of HUVECs by promoting the apoptosis and inflammation of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China
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25
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Effect of Elevated CO 2 on Seed Yield, Essential Oil Metabolism, Nutritive Value, and Biological Activity of Pimpinella anisum L. Accessions at Different Seed Maturity Stages. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100979. [PMID: 34681078 PMCID: PMC8533523 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study was conducted to investigate whether the positive impact of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on the chemical composition of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds is dependent on seed developmental stages and origin. To this end, we investigated the biochemical changes in eCO2-treated aniseed accessions from Tunisia, Syria, Turkey, Morocco, Yemen, and Egypt during three developmental stages (immature, premature, and mature). The highest dry weight percentages and seed yields were recorded for the Egypt and Morocco accessions. eCO2 has inducing properties on the nutritive and biological values of aniseeds, yet its effectiveness is related to seed maturity and provenances. For instance, seed maturation increased the nutrients and antioxidant metabolites in most eCO2-treated accessions. Conversely, essential oil metabolism was decreased by seed maturation but this effect was significantly reduced by the use of eCO2. The enhanced accumulation of bioactive compounds in eCO2-treated seeds was accompanied by improved health benefits. In this regard, eCO2 induces the antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic activities of aniseeds, particularly at mature stages. Thus, the present study confirms that there are significant interactions between eCO2 exposure, aniseed maturity, and origin on the chemical composition and pharmaceutical properties of aniseed. Abstract Besides the lack of studies regarding applying elevated CO2 (eCO2) as a strategy to improve the chemical composition of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seeds, studies on its interaction with seed developmental stages and origin are very limited. The seed yield, chemical composition, and biological activity of 6 aniseed accessions (Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, and Morocco) were investigated during three developmental stages (immature, premature, and mature) under control and elevated CO2 conditions. Mature seeds from all aniseed accessions had significantly higher (p < 0.05) dry weight (DW) percentages than premature and immature seeds. The highest DW percentages were recorded in Egypt and Morocco accessions. Seed maturation increased nutrients and antioxidant metabolites in most eCO2-treated accessions. In contrast, essential oils were decreased by seed maturation, while eCO2 reversed this effect. Essential oil-related precursors (e.g., phenylalanine) and enzyme activities (3-Deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) and O–methyltransferase) decreased with seed maturity. However, high CO2 reduced this impact and further induced the other essential oil-related precursors (shikimic and cinnamic acids). Consequently, eCO2 provoked changes in the antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic activities of aniseeds, particularly at mature stages. Overall, eCO2 application, as an efficient way to improve aniseed growth, essential oil metabolism, and chemical composition, was affected by seed maturation and origin. Future studies of eCO2-treated aniseeds as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical product are suggested.
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26
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Khan S, Chavez J, Zhu X, Chiu NHL, Zhang W, Yin Z, Han J, Yang J, Sigler R, Tian S, Zhu H, Li Y, Wei J, Yi X, Jia Z. Carbon Nanodots Inhibit Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced Injury and Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells Through Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1654-1667. [PMID: 34544542 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is a known biomarker of inflammation and atherosclerosis, a leading cause of death worldwide. As a new class of nanomaterials, carbon nanodots (CNDs) are widely used in bioimaging, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, there is no current report on how these CNDs affect the cardiovascular system, particularly their potential in mediating endothelial inflammatory dysfunction. This study examined effects of CNDs on Ox-LDL-mediated endothelial dysfunction. CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells, which is an essential step in the development of atherosclerosis. Further, CNDs significantly inhibited OxLDL-induced expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a vital cytokine on monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells. These results demonstrate CNDs possess anti-inflammatory properties. CNDs also protect cells against Ox-LDL-induced cytotoxicity. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy studies demonstrated direct reactive oxygen species-scavenging by CNDs. This result indicates that the anti-inflammatory properties of CNDs are most likely due to their direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Animal studies involving mice did not show any morphological or physical changes between the CNDs and control groups. Our study provides evidence of potential of CNDs in reducing Ox-LDL-mediated inflammation and cytotoxicity in HMEC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safeera Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Jessica Chavez
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Norman H L Chiu
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Wendi Zhang
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Ziyu Yin
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Jibin Yang
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Robert Sigler
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Yunbo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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Huang D, Wang X, Zhu Y, Gong J, Liang J, Song Y, Zhang Y, Liu L, Wei C. Bazi Bushen Capsule Alleviates Post-Menopausal Atherosclerosis via GPER1-Dependent Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Effects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:658998. [PMID: 34248622 PMCID: PMC8267998 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.658998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bazi Bushen capsule (BZBS), as a Chinese medicine used to relieve fatigue, has been proven effective for the treatment of atherogenesis through antilipid effects. To investigate the potential mechanism of BZBS in the anti-atherosclerotic effect, Ovx/ApoE-/- mice were applied to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic efficiency and potential mechanism of BZBS. Therapeutic effect was evaluated based on the number of CD68+ and CD3+ cells, the level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the ratio of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, as well as increasing ratio of Bcl2/Bax. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were chosen to evaluate the role of GPER1. Treatment with BZBS reduced lipid deposition by reducing the numbers of CD68+ and CD3+ cells, the level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and the ratio of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, and increasing the ratio of Bcl2/Bax as compared with the control group. In si-GPER1-treated HUVECs, the anti-apoptotic effect of BZBS was decreased. This study revealed that BZBS exhibited a clear effect against atherogenesis via GPER1-dependent anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. We believe that this manuscript is informative and useful for researchers pursuing the related alleviation of post-menopausal AS via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xindong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhong Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juexiao Gong
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junqing Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanfei Song
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiyan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Linsheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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28
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Lu G, Chu Y, Tian P. Knockdown of H19 Attenuates Ox-LDL-induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Regulating miR-599/PAPPA Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:386-396. [PMID: 33235026 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long noncoding RNAs could participate in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the underlying mechanism by which long noncoding RNA H19 is implicated in AS remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the function of H19 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs), and on hyperlipidemia response in high-fat diet (HFD)-treated ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, we explored the target interaction among H19, microRNA (miR)-599, and pappalysin 1 (PAPPA). Our results showed that H19 expression was elevated in serum samples of patients with AS and ox-LDL-treated HA-VSMC. H19 silence mitigated ox-LDL-induced proliferation, migration, and invasion of HA-VSMCs. H19 acted as a sponge for miR-599, and miR-599 knockdown reversed the suppressive effect of H19 silence on proliferation, migration, and invasion of HA-VSMCs. PAPPA was a target of miR-599 and attenuated the inhibitive role of miR-599 in HA-VSMC processes. H19 knockdown repressed PAPPA expression by increasing miR-599. Moreover, H19 interference alleviated hyperlipidemia response in HFD-treated ApoE-/- mice. Collectively, knockdown of H19 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of ox-LDL-treated HA-VSMCs and hyperlipidemia response in HFD-treated ApoE-/- mice by regulating miR-599/PAPPA axis, indicating H19 might act as a potential target for the treatment of AS.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Humans
- Hyperlipidemias/blood
- Hyperlipidemias/genetics
- Lipids/blood
- Lipoproteins, LDL/toxicity
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A/genetics
- Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an (The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University), Huai'an, China
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Sequencing Analysis of mRNA Profile in Endothelial Cells in Response to ox-LDL. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:767-780. [PMID: 33528699 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) and abnormal endothelial cells apoptosis is a multifactorial biological process. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is a critical factor in the formation of AS. However, the exact mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate some genes and biological pathways in endothelial cells apoptosis in response to ox-LDL. First, our results has validated that ox-LDL is an effective inducer of endothelial cells apoptosis, then, transcriptome sequencing was used to detect differential expression genes. In total, 71 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 32 upregulated genes and 39 downregulated genes. GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, gene expression, external side of plasma membrane, steroid binding, and signaling receptor binding. After KEGG analysis, the DEGs mainly focused on the following biochemical signaling pathways, including Signaling molecules and interaction (such as ICOSLG, IL6, ITGAM, TNFRSF13C and VTCN1), Signal transduction (such as IL13RA2, IL6, ITGAM, PDE5A, SGK3 and TNFRSF13C), Immune system (such as FCGR2A, ICOSLG, IL6, ITGAM and TNFRSF13C), and so on. These genes may play a dominant role in HAECs apoptosis and AS genesis. The above prediction and analysis provide an important basis for our follow-up study of the mechanism of these genes, which might be used as molecular targets or diagnostic biomarkers for AS.
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30
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Tmoyan NA, Afanasieva OI, Ezhov MV, Klesareva EA, Balakhonova TV, Pokrovsky SN. Lipoprotein(a), Immunity, and Inflammation in Polyvascular Atherosclerotic Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8020011. [PMID: 33513851 PMCID: PMC7911372 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a genetically determined risk factor for coronary artery disease and its complications, although data on the association with other vascular beds and the severity of atherosclerosis is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of atherosclerosis of various vascular beds with Lp(a), as well as its autoantibodies and generalized inflammatory markers. Material and methods: this study included 1288 adult patients with clinical and imaging examination of three vascular beds (coronary, carotid, and lower limb arteries). Patients were categorized according to the number of affected vascular beds (with at least one atherosclerotic stenosis ≥50%): 0 (n = 339), 1 (n = 470), 2 (n = 315), 3 (n = 164). We assessed blood cell count, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, circulating immune complexes, Lp(a), and its autoantibodies. Results: the number of affected vascular beds was associated with an increasing level of Lp(a) and a lower level of IgM autoantibodies to Lp(a). Hyperlipoproteinemia(a) (Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dL) was detected more frequently in patients with atherosclerosis. In logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and smoking, an elevated Lp(a) level was independently associated with stenotic atherosclerosis and lesion severity. There was a positive association of the number of affected vascular beds with C-reactive protein (r = 0.21, p < 0.01) and a negative association with circulating immune complexes (r = −0.29, p < 0.01). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio was significantly lower in patients with atherosclerosis compared to the controls (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Lp(a), C-reactive protein, circulating immune complexes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are associated with the stenotic atherosclerosis of different vascular beds. Lp(a) levels increase and IgM autoantibodies to Lp(a) decrease with the number of affected vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narek A. Tmoyan
- A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.E.); (T.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(925)-077-07-70
| | - Olga I. Afanasieva
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.A.); (E.A.K.); (S.N.P.)
| | - Marat V. Ezhov
- A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.E.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Elena A. Klesareva
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.A.); (E.A.K.); (S.N.P.)
| | - Tatiana V. Balakhonova
- A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.E.); (T.V.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Federal State Autonomus Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei N. Pokrovsky
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.A.); (E.A.K.); (S.N.P.)
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31
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Lowhalidanon K, Khunkaewla P. Discrimination between minimally modified LDL and fully oxidized LDL using monoclonal antibodies. Anal Biochem 2021; 619:114103. [PMID: 33453163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) can be oxidized in a stepwise process that leads to the production of minimally modified low density lipoprotein (mm-LDL), in which only the lipid component is oxidized, and then of fully oxidized LDL (oxLDL), in which both the lipids and the protein are oxidized. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay is a recognized method for determination of oxidized LDL, however this method is unable to distinguish between mm-LDL and oxLDL. In this study, seven specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human LDL were generated and selectively bound to the apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) component of LDL. Oxidized LDL was produced by incubation of human LDL with 10 μM CuSO4 for various times. The TBARS assay revealed that the optimal incubation time to achieve maximal lipid oxidation was 9 h. Indirect ELISA using the newly generated mAbs was implemented to differentiate between mm-LDL and oxLDL and it was found that binding of the mAbs to oxLDL was significantly decreased after 48 h of incubation, reflecting the oxidative modification of apoB-100. Our results suggest that the optimal times for incubation of LDL with CuSO4 for generation of mm-LDL and oxLDL were 9 h and 48 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Lowhalidanon
- Biochemistry-Electrochemistry Research Unit, School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Panida Khunkaewla
- Biochemistry-Electrochemistry Research Unit, School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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32
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Pusztai A, Hamar A, Horváth Á, Gulyás K, Végh E, Bodnár N, Kerekes G, Czókolyová M, Szamosi S, Bodoki L, Hodosi K, Domján A, Nagy G, Szöllősi I, Lopez LR, Matsuura E, Prohászka Z, Szántó S, Nagy Z, Shoenfeld Y, Szekanecz Z, Szűcs G. Soluble Vascular Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Effects of 1-year Antitumor Necrosis Factor-α Therapy. J Rheumatol 2020; 48:821-828. [PMID: 33323530 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.200916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have been associated with cardiovascular disease. The treatment of arthritis by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors may decrease the serum concentrations of vascular biomarkers. We determined circulating levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)/β2 glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) complexes, antibodies to 60 kDa heat shock protein (anti-Hsp60), soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) fragment in sera of RA and AS patients undergoing anti-TNF treatment. METHODS Fifty-three patients with RA/AS were treated with etanercept or certolizumab pegol for 1 year. Circulating oxLDL/β2-GPI complex (AtherOx), anti-Hsp60 IgG, and BNP8-29 fragment levels were assessed by ELISA. suPAR levels were determined by suPARnostic Quick Triage test. Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) were determined by ultrasound. RESULTS One-year anti-TNF treatment significantly decreased oxLDL/β2-GPI levels, as well as suPAR levels in patients with critically high suPAR levels at baseline. In RA, BNP levels were higher in seropositive vs seronegative patients. Serum levels of these vascular biomarkers variably correlated with lipids, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, rheumatoid factor, and C-reactive protein. CIMT positively correlated with BNP, and PWV with suPAR and anti-Hsp60, whereas FMD inversely associated with anti-Hsp60. In repeated measures ANOVA analysis, disease activity supported the effects of anti-TNF treatment on 12-month changes in oxLDL/β2-GPI. CIMT supported the effects of therapy on changes in anti-Hsp60 and suPAR. CONCLUSION These biomarkers may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis underlying RA/AS. TNF inhibition variably affects the serum levels of oxLDL/β2-GPI, suPAR, and BNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pusztai
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Hamar
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Horváth
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Gulyás
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Edit Végh
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nóra Bodnár
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Kerekes
- G. Kerekes, MD, PhD, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Monika Czókolyová
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Szamosi
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Bodoki
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Hodosi
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Domján
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nagy
- G. Nagy, MD, PhD, I. Szöllősi, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Szöllősi
- G. Nagy, MD, PhD, I. Szöllősi, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Luis R Lopez
- L.R. Lopez, MD, PhD, Corgenix Inc., Broomfield, Colorado, USA
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- E. Matsuura, MD, PhD, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Z. Prohászka, MD, PhD, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Szántó
- S. Szántó, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Nagy
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Zoltán Szekanecz
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Gabriella Szűcs
- A. Pusztai, A. Hamar, MD, Á. Horváth, MD, K. Gulyás, MD, E. Végh, MD, N. Bodnár, MD, PhD, M. Czókolyová, S. Szamosi, MD, PhD, L. Bodoki, MD, PhD, K. Hodosi, A. Domján, Z. Nagy, MD, PhD, Z. Szekanecz, MD, PhD, G. Szűcs, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Yi X, Wang Y, Jia Z, Hiller S, Nakamura J, Luft JC, Tian S, DeSimone JM. Retinoic Acid-Loaded Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticle Formulation of ApoB-100-Derived Peptide 210 Attenuates Atherosclerosis. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2020; 16:467-480. [PMID: 32970979 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2020.2905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We developed a vaccine formulation containing ApoB derived P210 peptides as autoantigens, retinoic acid (RA) as an immune enhancer, both of which were delivered using PLGA nanoparticles. The formula was used to induce an immune response in 12-week-old male Apoe-/- mice with pre-existing atherosclerotic lesions. The nanotechnology platform PRINT® was used to fabricate PLGA nanoparticles that encapsulated RA inside and adsorbed the P210 onto the particle surface. In this study, we demonstrated that immunization of Apoe-/- mice with the formulation was able to considerably attenuate atherosclerotic lesions, accompanied by increased P210 specific IgM and another oxidized lipid derived autoantigen, M2AA, specific IgG autoantibodies, and decreased the inflammatory response, as compared to the P210 group with Freund's adjuvant. Our formulation represents an exciting technology to enhance the efficacy of the P210 vaccine.
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Wang X, Wang Y, Antony V, Sun H, Liang G. Metabolism-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs). Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:712-724. [PMID: 32807598 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases pose a tremendous health threat in both developed and developing countries. The pathophysiology of metabolic diseases is complex but has been shown to be closely associated with sterile inflammation, which is initiated by various danger molecules derived from metabolic overload, such as oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs), free fatty acids (FFAs), glucose, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and cholesterol. These danger signals are sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to activate proinflammatory signaling pathways and promote the release of proinflammatory mediators, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation. Although these harmful metabolic stimuli are generally regarded as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), a more specific definition and accurate classification for these DAMPs is still missing. In this opinion, we classify the harmful metabolic stimuli that can incite inflammatory responses and tissue damage via instigating PRRs as metabolism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), and we summarize their roles in metaflammation-mediated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Victor Antony
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedical Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China.
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Michel JB. Phylogenic Determinants of Cardiovascular Frailty, Focus on Hemodynamics and Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1779-1837. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of the circulatory system from invertebrates to mammals has involved the passage from an open system to a closed in-parallel system via a closed in-series system, accompanying the increasing complexity and efficiency of life’s biological functions. The archaic heart enables pulsatile motion waves of hemolymph in invertebrates, and the in-series circulation in fish occurs with only an endothelium, whereas mural smooth muscle cells appear later. The present review focuses on evolution of the circulatory system. In particular, we address how and why this evolution took place from a closed, flowing, longitudinal conductance at low pressure to a flowing, highly pressurized and bifurcating arterial compartment. However, although arterial pressure was the latest acquired hemodynamic variable, the general teleonomy of the evolution of species is the differentiation of individual organ function, supported by specific fueling allowing and favoring partial metabolic autonomy. This was achieved via the establishment of an active contractile tone in resistance arteries, which permitted the regulation of blood supply to specific organ activities via its localized function-dependent inhibition (active vasodilation). The global resistance to viscous blood flow is the peripheral increase in frictional forces caused by the tonic change in arterial and arteriolar radius, which backscatter as systemic arterial blood pressure. Consequently, the arterial pressure gradient from circulating blood to the adventitial interstitium generates the unidirectional outward radial advective conductance of plasma solutes across the wall of conductance arteries. This hemodynamic evolution was accompanied by important changes in arterial wall structure, supported by smooth muscle cell functional plasticity, including contractility, matrix synthesis and proliferation, endocytosis and phagocytosis, etc. These adaptive phenotypic shifts are due to epigenetic regulation, mainly related to mechanotransduction. These paradigms actively participate in cardio-arterial pathologies such as atheroma, valve disease, heart failure, aneurysms, hypertension, and physiological aging.
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Huang Z, Li P, Wu L, Zhang D, Du B, Liang C, Gao L, Zhang Y, Yao R. Hsa_circ_0029589 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells via regulating miR-214-3p and STIM1. Life Sci 2020; 259:118251. [PMID: 32795540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are relevant to atherosclerosis progression. However, the role and mechanism of circRNA hsa_circ_0029589 (circ_0029589) in atherosclerosis are not fully understood. This research aims to explore the function and mechanism of circ_0029589 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-caused vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) injury in vitro. MAIN METHODS VSMCs were challenged via ox-LDL to mimic atherosclerosis-like injury in vitro. Circ_0029589, microRNA-214-3p (miR-214-3p) and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) abundances were detected via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Cell proliferation was investigated via cell viability, cycle, apoptosis and proliferation-associated protein levels. Cell migration and invasion were assessed via transwell analysis. The relationship between miR-214-3p and circ_0029589 or STIM1 was tested via dual-luciferase reporter analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation. KEY FINDINGS Circ_0029589 level was enhanced in ox-LDL-challenged VSMCs. Circ_0029589 interference constrained cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ox-LDL-challenged VSMCs. miR-214-3p was targeted by circ_0029589 and miR-214-3p knockdown weakened the suppressive function of circ_0029589 silence on VSMCs proliferation, migration and invasion. STIM1 was targeted via miR-214-3p and miR-214-3p could suppress VSMCs proliferation, migration and invasion via decreasing STIM1. Moreover, circ_0029589 modulated STIM1 level by miR-214-3p. SIGNIFICANCE Circ_0029589 knockdown repressed proliferation, migration and invasion of VSMCs challenged via ox-LDL by regulating miR-214-3p and STIM1, indicating that circ_0029589 might play important role in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Penglei Li
- Department of Vasculocardiology, People's Hospital of Zhongmu, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Leiming Wu
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dianhong Zhang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Binbin Du
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cui Liang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanzhou Zhang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Liu H, Liu X, Zhuang H, Fan H, Zhu D, Xu Y, He P, Liu J, Feng D. Mitochondrial Contact Sites in Inflammation-Induced Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:692. [PMID: 32903766 PMCID: PMC7438832 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion, the ATP-producing center, is both physically and functionally associated with almost all other organelles in the cell. Mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) are involved in a variety of biological processes, such as lipid exchange, protein transport, mitochondrial fission, mitophagy, and inflammation. Several inflammation-related diseases in the cardiovascular system involve several intracellular events including mitochondrial dysfunction as well as disruption of MAMs. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of the function of MAMs will be of great significance for us to understand the initiation, progression, and clinical complications of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our knowledge of MAM regulation and function in CVD-related cells. We discuss the potential roles of MAMs in activating inflammation to influence the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhuang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualin Fan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Du Feng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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MLKL Aggravates Ox-LDL-Induced Cell Pyroptosis via Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Inflammation 2020; 43:2222-2231. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Panoulas V, Kitas GD. Pharmacological management of cardiovascular risk in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:605-613. [PMID: 32441166 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1766964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular comorbidity is a major burden in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases and a significant determinant of their outcome. In addition to optimal management of the underlying inflammatory condition according to current guidelines, individual cardiovascular risk factors, particularly dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance should be assessed regularly and guide risk stratification and requirement for treatment. AREAS DISCUSSED We critically reviewed manuscripts and guidelines on the pharmacological management of dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and diabetes in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, up to 1 March 2020). Lifestyle changes are of paramount importance for the management of these risk factors. In the current narrative review, we discuss pharmacological therapies available and emerging therapies aiming to help patients achieve recommended targets, depending on their individual risk. EXPERT OPINION CVD risk is increased in people with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Cardiovascular risk factor management is an essential part of their care. Although relevant guidance exists, there are still major gaps in knowledge and risk factor management implementation in these patient groups. Some practical guidance based on our interpretation of existing data and experience in the field is provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Panoulas
- Cardiology Department, Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK.,Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - George D Kitas
- "Arthritis Research UK" Centre for Epidemiology, University of Manchester , Manchester, UK.,Research and Development, Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust , Dudley, UK
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Bian W, Jing X, Yang Z, Shi Z, Chen R, Xu A, Wang N, Jiang J, Yang C, Zhang D, Li L, Wang H, Wang J, Sun Y, Zhang C. Downregulation of LncRNA NORAD promotes Ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6385-6400. [PMID: 32267831 PMCID: PMC7185106 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the development of vascular diseases. However, the effect of lncRNA NORAD on atherosclerosis remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect NORAD on endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis. Ox-LDL-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed ApoE−/− mice were used as in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that NORAD-knockdown induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, aggravated ox-LDL-induced cell viability reduction, cell apoptosis, and cell senescence along with the increased expression of Bax, P53, P21 and cleaved caspase-3 and the decreased expression of Bcl-2. The effect of NORAD on cell viability was further verified via NORAD-overexpression. NORAD- knockdown increased ox-LDL-induced reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, p-IKBα expression levels and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Proinflammatory molecules ICAM, VCAM, and IL-8 were also increased by NORAD- knockdown. Additionally, we identified the strong interaction of NORAD and IL-8 transcription repressor SFPQ in HUVECs. In ApoE−/− mice, NORAD-knockdown increased the lipid disorder and atherosclerotic lesions. The results have suggested that lncRNA NORAD attenuates endothelial cell senescence, endothelial cell apoptosis, and atherosclerosis via NF-κB and p53–p21 signaling pathways and IL-8, in which NORAD-mediated effect on IL-8 might through the direct interaction with SFPQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaohong Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Ruiyao Chen
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Aili Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Daolai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yeying Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.,Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Xu J, Kong X, Zou L. Up-regulated miR-106b inhibits ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in atherosclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e8960. [PMID: 32130290 PMCID: PMC7057938 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of microRNA (miR)-106b in cell apoptosis of atherosclerosis (AS). Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were divided into control group, oxidized-low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) group, miR-106b NC+ox-LDL group, miR-106b mimics+ox-LDL group, miR-106b mimics+PTEN+ox-LDL group, and miR-106b mimics+empty+ox-LDL group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, cholecystokinin, TdT-mediated biotinylated nick end-labeling assay, luciferase reporter gene assay, and flow cytometry analysis were performed to determine the morphology, proliferation, and apoptosis in HSECs. Moreover, the levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), Bcl-2, p-P13K, and p-AKT in HAECs were detected by western blot. MiR-106b was down-regulated in ox-LDL-induced HAECs. PTEN was the target gene of miR-106b-5p. Overexpression of PTEN inhibited the anti-apoptotic effect of miR-106b. Compared with the control group, the proportion and number of HAECs apoptosis and Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expression in ox-LDL and miR-106b mimics+PTEN+ox-LDL groups were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Moreover, the activity of HAECs and Bcl-2 were decreased significantly (all P<0.05). Overexpression of miR-106b in ox-LDL-induced AS inhibited endothelial cell apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-106b might activate the PI3K/AKT pathway by down-regulating the expression of PTEN in ox-LDL-induced HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zuanshiwan Branch of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department III of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zuanshiwan Branch of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaomei Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Zuanshiwan Branch of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Zuanshiwan Branch of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Yu J, Ruan Q, Nie X, Yu L, Huang B. Synthetic CD47 antibody-chitosan/hyaluronic acid polyelectrolyte complex mediates targeted inhibition of atherosclerotic plaques by exogenous foam-like cells via the NLRP3 pathway. J Biomater Appl 2020; 34:1381-1394. [PMID: 32063073 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220905181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiurong Ruan
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bangxing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wu X, Zheng X, Cheng J, Zhang K, Ma C. LncRNA TUG1 regulates proliferation and apoptosis by regulating miR-148b/IGF2 axis in ox-LDL-stimulated VSMC and HUVEC. Life Sci 2020; 243:117287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tmoyan NA, Afanasieva OI, Ezhov MV, Klesareva EA, Afanasieva MI, Razova OA, Balakhonova TV, Pokrovsky SN. [Lipoprotein(а) Level, Apolipoprotein(а) Polymorphism аnd Autoаntibodies Against Lipoprotein(а) in Patients with Stenotic Cаrotid Atherosclerosis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 59:20-27. [PMID: 31849309 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2019.12.n727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Аim. Comparative assessment of respiratory indicators according to multifunctional monitoring (PFM) with the recommended standard for a complete polysomnographic study and an assessment of the effect of blood pressure (BP) measurements in PFM on sleep quality. Triаls on the аssociаtion of Lp(а) and cаrotid аtherosclerosis аre limited. The аim of the study wаs to investigаte the аssociаtion of Lp(а), аpolipoprotein(а) [apo(а)] polymorphism аnd аutoаntibodies to Lp(а) with stenotic (≥50%) cаrotid аtherosclerosis in dependence on CHD presence. Materials and methods. The study included 785 pаtients аt the аge from 21 to 92 with dаtа of instrumentаl exаmination of coronаry, cаrotid аnd lower limbs аrteries. Stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis wаs diаgnosed in 447 pаtients who were divided into two groups depending on presence (n=344) or аbsence (n=103) of CHD. The control group comprised of 338 pаtients without stenotic аtherosclerosis of coronаry, cаrotid аnd lower limbs аrteries. In the blood serum of pаtients levels of Lp(а), аutoаntibodies to Lp(а) were determined аnd аlso аpo(а) phenotyping wаs conducted. Results. There were more mаles, higher аverаge аge аnd frequency of hypertension, type 2 diаbetes mellitus, smoking, Lp(а) concentrаtion (mediаn [interquаrtile rаnge]): 30 [11; 63] vs. 14 [5; 30] mg/dl, p<0.01) in the group with stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis in compаrison with control group. Besides, Lp(а) level wаs higher in CHD subgroup thаn in pаtients with stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis without CHD: 32 [12; 72] vs. 24 [8; 50] mg/dl, respectively, p=0.01. Elevаted (≥30 mg/dl) Lp(а) level, low moleculаr weight аpolipoprotein(а) [(LMW аpo(а)] phenotype were аssociаted with stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis (odds rаtio (OR) 2.9; 95% confidence intervаl (CI) 2.1-4.0, p<0.01 аnd OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.6-3.4, p<0.01, respectively). Logistic regression аnаlysis showed independent аssociаtion of elevаted Lp(а) level аnd LMW аpo(а) phenotype with stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis both in the presence аnd absence of CHD. The level of IgM аutoаntibodies to Lp(а) wаs higher in control group thаn in pаtients with stenotic cаrotid аtherosclerosis, p=0.02. Conclusion The level of Lp(a) ≥30 mg/dl and low molecular weight phenotype of aprotein(a) are predictors of stenotic atherosclerosis CA, regardless of the presence of coronary heart disease and other risk factors, while a reverse relationship was found between the level of autoantibodies of the IgM class against Lp(a) and the severity of atherosclerosis CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Tmoyan
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology
| | | | - M V Ezhov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology
| | | | | | - O A Razova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology
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Sieg SF, Bazdar DA, Zidar D, Freeman M, Lederman MM, Funderburg NT. Highly oxidized low-density lipoprotein mediates activation of monocytes but does not confer interleukin-1β secretion nor interleukin-15 transpresentation function. Immunology 2019; 159:221-230. [PMID: 31663113 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) contributes to cardiovascular disease in part by mediating activation and maturation of monocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, co-localization studies using histochemical approaches have implicated a potential role for oxidized LDL as a mediator of interleukin-15 (IL-15) expression in myeloid cells of atherosclerotic plaque. The latter activity could be an important pro-inflammatory mechanism that mediates myeloid cell/T-cell crosstalk. Here, we examined the responses of primary human monocytes to highly oxidized LDL molecules. Oxidized LDL readily induced secretion of chemokines MCP-1 (CCL2) and GRO-α (CXCL1) but unlike lipopolysaccharide (LPS), has limited capacity to induce a variety of other cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-1β and interferon-γ-induced protein-10 and also displayed a poor capacity to induce p-Akt or P-S6 signaling. Failure of oxidized LDL to induce IL-1β secretion was associated with limited induction of caspase-1 activation. Furthermore, despite finding evidence that oxidized LDL could enhance the expression of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor expression in monocytes, we found no evidence that it could confer IL-15 transpresentation capability to these cells. This observation contrasted with induction of IL-15 transpresentation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes. Overall, our data suggest that highly oxidized LDL is a selective inducer of monocyte activation. Sterile inflammatory mediators, particularly those implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 signaling, may play a role in vascular pathology but the activities of these agents are not uniform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott F Sieg
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Douglas A Bazdar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Zidar
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael Freeman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Hozzein WN, Saleh AM, Habeeb TH, Wadaan MAM, AbdElgawad H. CO 2 treatment improves the hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of fenugreek seeds. Food Chem 2019; 308:125661. [PMID: 31669948 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A high level of serum cholesterol is a major cause of atherosclerosis. Fenugreek is a well-known hypocholesterolaemic agent with amazing phytochemical composition. Due to its impact on plant metabolism, CO2 enrichment was tested as a strategy to support functional values in fenugreek seeds. Phytochemical composition and biological activities of three fenugreek cultivars (G2, G6 and G30) grown under ambient (aCO2, 400 μmol mol-1) and elevated CO2 (eCO2, 620 μmol mol-1) were assessed. Applying eCO2 improved physical parameters of fenugreek seeds, and enhanced their biological activities. A significant increase in hypocholesterolaemic potential, as indicated by inhibition of cholesterol micellar solubility and pancreatic lipase activity, was recorded. In addition, antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidation and antibacterial activities were improved. These enhanced biological activities were accompanied by improved seed chemical composition at the primary and secondary metabolic levels. Therefore, eCO2 treatment represents an efficient strategy to increase the hypocholesterolaemic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fenugreek seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Talaat H Habeeb
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt; Laboratory for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recently, a high level of triglycerides has attracted much attention as an important residual risk factor of cardiovascular events. We will review and show the mechanisms underlying the association of endothelial dysfunction with hypertriglyceridemia and present clinical evidence for a relationship between endothelial function and triglycerides. RECENT FINDINGS Clinical studies have shown that hypertriglyceridemia is associated with endothelial dysfunction. It is likely that hypertriglyceridemia impairs endothelial function through direct and indirect mechanisms. Therefore, hypertriglyceridemia is recognized as a therapeutic target in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Although experimental and clinical studies have shown that fibrates and omega-3 fatty acids not only decrease triglycerides but also improve endothelial function, the effects of these therapies on cardiovascular events are controversial. SUMMARY Accumulating evidence suggests that hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. Triglycerides should be considered more seriously as a future target to reduce cardiovascular events. Results of ongoing studies may show the benefit of lowering triglycerides and provide new standards of care for patients with hypertriglyceridemia possibly through improvement in endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kajikawa
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Ruscitti P, Cipriani P, Liakouli V, Iacono D, Pantano I, Margiotta DPE, Navarini L, Destro Castaniti GM, Maruotti N, Di Scala G, Picciariello L, Caso F, Bongiovanni S, Grembiale RD, Atzeni F, Scarpa R, Perosa F, Emmi G, Cantatore FP, Guggino G, Afeltra A, Ciccia F, Giacomelli R. Subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the 3-year, multicentre, prospective, observational GIRRCS (Gruppo Italiano di Ricerca in Reumatologia Clinica e Sperimentale) study. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:204. [PMID: 31481105 PMCID: PMC6724256 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, when compared with general population, largely due to enhanced atherosclerotic disease. In this work, we aimed at assessing both occurrence and predictive factors of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in RA. Methods From January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015, consecutive participants with RA, admitted to Italian Rheumatology Units, were assessed in the GIRRCS (Gruppo Italiano di Ricerca in Reumatologia Clinica e Sperimentale) cohort. After that, those participants were followed up in a 3-year, prospective, observational study, assessing the occurrence of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis and possible predictive factors. McNemar test was employed to assess the changes in subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis, and regression analyses exploited the ORs for the occurrence of those comorbidities. Results We analysed 841 participants, mostly female (82.2%) and with median age of 60 years (range 21–90). The remission was achieved and maintained by 41.8% of participants during the follow-up. We observed an increased rate of subclinical atherosclerosis at the end of follow-up (139 vs 203 participants, p < 0.0001), particularly in participants with a disease duration less than 5 years at baseline (70 participants vs 133 participants, p < 0.0001). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR 4.50, 95%CI 1.74–11.62, p = 0.002), high blood pressure (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.04–4.14, p = 0.042), ACPA (OR 2.36, 95%CI 1.19–4.69, p = 0.014) and mean values of CRP during the follow-up (OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.03–1.14, p = 0.040) were significantly associated with higher risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. We observed an increased rate of clinical atherosclerosis at the end of follow-up (48 vs 76 participants, p < 0.0001). T2D (OR 6.21, 95%CI 2.19–17.71, p = 0.001) was associated with a significant risk of clinical atherosclerosis. The achievement and the maintenance of remission reduced the risk of subclinical (OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.11–0.56, p = 0.001) and clinical atherosclerosis (OR 0.20, 95%CI 0.09–0.95, p = 0.041). Conclusions We reported an increased prevalence and incidence of both subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in 3-year prospectively followed participants, mainly in the subset with a duration of disease less than 5 years. The achievement and the maintenance of remission are associated with a reduction of the risk of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis. Among “traditional” cardiovascular risk factors, participants with T2D showed a higher risk of clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-019-1975-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Ruscitti
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, delta 6 building, PO box 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, delta 6 building, PO box 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vasiliki Liakouli
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, delta 6 building, PO box 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daniela Iacono
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pantano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Luca Navarini
- Unit of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Destro Castaniti
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Maruotti
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gerardo Di Scala
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Licia Picciariello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Caso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Daniela Grembiale
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia', Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabiola Atzeni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scarpa
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Perosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Giuliana Guggino
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Afeltra
- Unit of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology Unit; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, delta 6 building, PO box 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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Henson D, Tahhan AS, Nardo D, Quyyumi AA, Venditto VJ. Association Between ApoA-I (Apolipoprotein A-I) Immune Complexes and Adverse Cardiovascular Events-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1884-1892. [PMID: 31315438 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The immune response is linked to the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Free autoantibodies targeting ApoA-I (apolipoprotein A-I) have been identified as a component of the inflammatory milieu in patients and have a moderate association with CVD progression. Based on the presence of these antibodies and the high concentration of circulating ApoA-I, we hypothesized that antibodies bound to ApoA-I as an immune complex would be predictive of incident adverse CVD outcomes. Approach and Results: The presence of ApoA-I/IgG immune complexes (ICs) in plasma was confirmed by ELISA in 3 subject cohorts. Characterization of the protein components of ApoAI/IgG ICs indicate that ICs are not correlated with total ApoA-I concentration and are enriched in the anti-inflammatory subclass, IgG4, relative to total plasma IgG (>30% versus 6%). In 359 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), there were 71 incident adverse CVD events (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) during a median 4.1-year follow-up. In Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, low levels of ApoA-I/IgG ICs were independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcomes after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, estimated glomerular filtration rate, presence of obstructive CAD, heart failure, total cholesterol, and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (adjusted hazard ratio of 1.90 [95% CI, 1.03-3.49; P=0.038] between the lowest and the highest tertiles). CONCLUSIONS Low levels of ApoA-I/IgG ICs are associated with an increased risk of adverse events in patients with CAD, raising their potential to be used as a biomarker to predict CVD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Henson
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington (D.H., D.N., V.J.V.)
| | - Ayman Samman Tahhan
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.S.T., A.A.Q.)
| | - David Nardo
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington (D.H., D.N., V.J.V.)
| | - Arshed Ali Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.S.T., A.A.Q.)
| | - Vincent J Venditto
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington (D.H., D.N., V.J.V.)
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Park S, Lee IK. Progression of Multifaceted Immune Cells in Atherosclerotic Development. J Lipid Atheroscler 2019; 8:15-25. [PMID: 32821696 PMCID: PMC7379084 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2019.8.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, that are associated with thrombosis-induced organ infarction. In Westernized countries, the high prevalence of obesity-induced insulin resistance is predicted to be a major factor leading to atherosclerotic vascular disease. Both genetic and environmental factors interfere with immune responses in atherosclerosis development with chronic and non-resolving states. The most known autoimmune disease therapy is cytokine-targeted therapy, which targets tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-17 antagonists. Recently, a clinical trial with the anti-IL-1β antibody (canakinumab) had shown that the anti-inflammatory effects in canakinumab-treated subjects play a critical role in reducing cardiovascular disease prevalence. Recent emerging data have suggested effective therapeutics involving anti-obesity and anti-diabetic agents, as well as statin and anti-platelet drugs, for atherothrombosis prevention. It is well-known that specialized immune differentiation and activation completely depends on metabolic reprogramming mediated by mitochondrial dynamics in distinct immune cells. Therefore, there is a strong mechanistic link between metabolism and immune function mediated by mitochondrial function. In this review, we describe that cellular metabolism in immune cells is strongly interconnected with systemic metabolism in terms of diverse phenotypes and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmi Park
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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