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Rossi CM, Lenti MV, Merli S, Lo Bello A, Mauro A, Anderloni A, Ribaldone DG, Marabotto E, Vernero M, Sheijani SD, Maniero D, Vanoli A, Klersy C, Savarino EV, Di Sabatino A. Clinical and atopic features of patients with primary eosinophilic colitis: an Italian multicentre study. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:993-1005. [PMID: 38461469 PMCID: PMC11186925 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03568-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is the rarest among primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID). EC is underdiagnosed due to its blurred and proteiform clinical manifestations. To explore the clinical and atopic characteristic of EC adult patients, the diagnostic delay, and relapse-associated factors, by comparison with patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). EC patients followed-up at four clinics were included, and clinical, histopathological, and laboratory data were retrieved. As control groups, age-matched patients with EoE and IBS were recruited. Allergy tests included skin prick test and serum specific IgE. Diagnostic delay was assessed. Overall, data from 73 patients were retrieved, including 40 with EC (median age 39 years IQR 22.5-59, F:M 2.1:1), 12 with EoE (F:M ratio: 1:5), and 21 with IBS (F:M ratio: 1:0.9). The most common features in EC patients were female sex (67.5%), atopy (77.5%), abdominal pain/distention (70%), diarrhoea (77.5%), and faecal calprotectin elevation (22.5%). Blood eosinophils were elevated in EoE, but not in EC (p < 0.001), while ECP did not differ across the three groups (p = 0.4). The frequency of allergen sensitization reached 25% of patients. Several frequent pan-allergens for this region were present. The overall diagnostic delay was 10 months (IQR 4-15). Factors contributing to a greater diagnostic delay were atopy, weight loss, and a previous misdiagnosis. EC is mostly a diagnosis of exclusion, burdened by a substantial diagnostic delay. In female patients the presence of allergen sensitization, abdominal symptoms and faecal calprotectin elevation should raise the suspicion of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Merli
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Lo Bello
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aurelio Mauro
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Anderloni
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Vernero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Shirin Djahandideh Sheijani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daria Maniero
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova (AOUP), Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Catherine Klersy
- Biostatistics and Clinical Trial Centre, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova (AOUP), Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
- Clinica Medica I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Di Pavia, Viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Lenti MV, Santacroce G, Broglio G, Rossi CM, Di Sabatino A. Recent advances in intestinal fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 96:101251. [PMID: 38359700 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite many progresses have been made in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, especially due to the increasing number of effective therapies, the development of tissue fibrosis is a very common occurrence along the natural history of this condition. To a certain extent, fibrogenesis is a physiological and necessary process in all those conditions characterised by chronic inflammation. However, the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix within the bowel wall will end up in the formation of strictures, with the consequent need for surgery. A number of mechanisms have been described in this process, but some of them are not yet clear. For sure, the main trigger is the presence of a persistent inflammatory status within the mucosa, which in turn favours the occurrence of a pro-fibrogenic environment. Among the main key players, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, immune cells, growth factors and cytokines must be mentioned. Although there are no available therapies able to target fibrosis, the only way to prevent it is by controlling inflammation. In this review, we summarize the state of art of the mechanisms involved in gut fibrogenesis, how to diagnose it, and which potential targets could be druggable to tackle fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Santacroce
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Broglio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Ait Said H, Elmoumou L, Guennouni M, Rherissi B, Oujamaa I, Eddehbi FE, Lamjadli S, Hazime R, Bourrahouat A, Ait Sab I, Admou B, El Kadmiri N. Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Sensitization in a Moroccan Pediatric Population with Celiac Disease. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:668-677. [PMID: 38522418 DOI: 10.1159/000536282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that occurs following the ingestion of gluten, in genetically predisposed individuals. Patients with celiac disease, especially children, are likely prone to develop allergic reactions to different food allergens. However, the relationship between food allergy and celiac disease remains not elucidated. The aim of this pioneering study was to evaluate the prevalence of allergic food sensitization in children with celiac disease in Morocco. METHODS A total of 57 children with confirmed celiac disease, including 25 males and 32 females with a mean age of 8.6 ± 4.4 years, underwent a food allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) screening. This screening was conducted using a multiparametric immunodot assay (Euroline Food "Maghreb," Euroimmun). Statistical analysis was performed using R software. RESULTS Among the 57 cases tested, the overall rate of IgE-mediated sensitization to food allergens was found to be 48% (27/57), dominated by chicken, with 51.9% (14/27), followed by almond, 40.7% (11/27), sesame, 40.7% (11/27), potato 33.3% (9/27), and apple 18.5% (5/27). Of the s-IgE positive cases, 74% were sensitized at least to one allergen, 37% (10/27) were sensitized to both chicken and almond allergens. A significant correlation was observed between almond, sesame, chicken, and potato. CONCLUSION The current study highlighted a high prevalence of food allergen sensitization in children with celiac disease. This underlines the potential benefit in screening for food allergy in celiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Ait Said
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudannt, IBN ZOHR University, Taroudannt, Morocco
- Biotechnology, Environment and Health Team, Laboratory of Sciences of Health and Environment, High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, ISPITS Agadir-Annex Tiznit, Tiznit, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Elmoumou
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudannt, IBN ZOHR University, Taroudannt, Morocco
- Biotechnology, Environment and Health Team, Laboratory of Sciences of Health and Environment, High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, ISPITS Agadir-Annex Tiznit, Tiznit, Morocco
| | - Morad Guennouni
- Chouaîb Doukkali University of El Jadida, Higher School of Education and Training, Science and Technology Team, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Rherissi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, IBN ZOHR University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Ider Oujamaa
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre of Clinical Research, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Fatima-Ezzahra Eddehbi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre of Clinical Research, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Saad Lamjadli
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre of Clinical Research, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Raja Hazime
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre of Clinical Research, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Aïcha Bourrahouat
- Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Imane Ait Sab
- Department of Pediatrics, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Brahim Admou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre of Clinical Research, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Nadia El Kadmiri
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudannt, IBN ZOHR University, Taroudannt, Morocco
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Gong T, Brew BK, Lundholm C, Smew AI, Harder A, Kuja-Halkola R, Ludvigsson JF, Lu Y, Almqvist C. Comorbidity Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Asthma and Allergic Diseases: A Genetically Informed Study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024:izae027. [PMID: 38412344 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about shared origins between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema). We aimed to expand current knowledge on the etiological sources of comorbidities between these disorders using a range of genetically informed methods. METHODS Within-individual and familial co-aggregation analysis was applied to 2 873 445 individuals born in Sweden from 1987 to 2014 and their first- and second-degree relatives. Quantitative genetic modeling was applied to 38 723 twin pairs to decompose the genetic and environmental sources for comorbidity. Polygenic risk score analysis between IBD and allergic diseases was conducted in 48 186 genotyped twins, and linkage disequilibrium score regression was applied using publicly available data to explore the genetic overlap. RESULTS IBD was associated with asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 1.40), allergic rhinitis (aOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.34), and eczema (aOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.56), with similar estimates for ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. The ORs for familial co-aggregation decreased with decreasing genetic relatedness. Quantitative genetic modeling revealed little evidence of common genetic factors between IBD and allergic diseases (eg, IBD and allergic rhinitis; genetic correlation ra = 0.06; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.15) but did reveal some evidence of unique environmental factors between IBD and eczema (re = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.32). Molecular genetic analyses were similarly null for IBD and allergic diseases, except for a slight association between Crohn's disease polygenic risk score and eczema (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.12). CONCLUSIONS We found little evidence to support a shared origin between IBD and any allergic disease but weak evidence for shared genetic and unique environmental components for IBD and eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Gong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bronwyn K Brew
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health and School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cecilia Lundholm
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Awad I Smew
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralf Kuja-Halkola
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas F Ludvigsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhao J, Zhang M, Li Z. Association Between Immune-Related Disease and Allergic Rhinitis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2024; 38:31-37. [PMID: 37817645 DOI: 10.1177/19458924231207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-related diseases can interact with each other, and growing evidence suggests that these diseases are associated with allergic rhinitis (AR). However, it is unclear whether previously observed associations reflect causal relationships. OBJECTIVE This study estimated the genetic association between various immune-related diseases and AR using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS Eight immune-related diseases were selected as exposure factors, and AR was selected as the outcome. The 8 immune-related disease categories included atopic dermatitis (AD), Graves' disease (GD), asthma, Crohn's disease (CD), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and ulcerative colitis (UC). Data from GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) were selected to construct instrumental variables (IVs) for each disease, and multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as IVs. Corresponding data were retrieved according to the selected SNPs, and all data were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 416 SNPs were screened as IVs, and the results of IVW support a causal relationship between AR risk and AD (OR: 1.026, 95% CI: 1.014-1.038, P = 9.59 × 10-6), asthma (OR: 1.057, 95% CI: 1.029-1.086, P = .0001), and CD (OR: 1.006, 95% CI: 1.002-1.011, P = .0085). Furthermore, GD (OR: 0.995, 95% CI: 0.991-0.999, P = .0213) and SLE (OR: 0.997, 95% CI: 0.995-1.000, P = .025) may be protective factors. CONCLUSION This MR study found that AD, asthma and CD increase the risk of AR in populations of European ancestry, GD and SLE may be protective factors. These results suggest that confounding factors may have influenced associations previously reported in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Center for Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zufei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Peng Y, Xia X. Autoimmune diseases and gut microbiota: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2004 to 2022. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2813-2827. [PMID: 36859447 PMCID: PMC10543628 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely related to autoimmune diseases (ADs). Studies on gut microbiota and ADs have also increased significantly, but no bibliometric analysis has summarized the association between gut microbiota and ADs. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies on gut microbiota and ADs. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools VOSviewer and co-occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2) for analysis. A total of 2516 related kinds of literature were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is the USA, the institution is the Harvard Medical School, and the author is Mikael Knip from the USA. Hot research areas include intestinal regulation (such as dysbiosis, short chain fatty acids, and probiotics), multisystem ADs (such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease), and immune-related cells (such as T cells, and dendritic cells). Psoriasis, dysbiosis, autoimmune liver disease, and fecal microbiota transplantation may be the future research direction. Our research results can help researchers grasp the current status of ADs and gut microbiota research and find new research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine , Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 501515 China
| | - Yongzheng Peng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 China
| | - Xu Xia
- Southern Medical University Library, No.1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong China
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Lu M, Feng R, Liu Y, Qin Y, Deng H, Xiao Y, Yin C. Identifying celiac disease-related chemicals by transcriptome-wide association study and chemical-gene interaction analyses. Front Genet 2022; 13:990483. [PMID: 36118884 PMCID: PMC9478571 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.990483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is one of the most common intestinal inflammatory diseases, and its incidence and prevalence have increased over time. CeD affects multiple organs and systems in the body, and environmental factors play a key role in its complex pathogenesis. Although gluten exposure is known to be the causative agent, many unknown environmental factors can trigger or exacerbate CeD. In this study, we investigated the influence of genetic and environmental factors on CeD. Data from a CeD genome-wide association study that included 12,041 CeD cases and 12,228 controls were used to conduct a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using FUSION software. Gene expression reference data were obtained for the small intestine, whole blood, peripheral blood, and lymphocytes. We performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses using the significant genes identified by the TWAS and conducted a protein–protein interaction network analysis based on the STRING database to detect the function of TWAS-identified genes for CeD. We also performed a chemical-related gene set enrichment analysis (CGSEA) using the TWAS-identified genes to test the relationships between chemicals and CeD. The TWAS identified 8,692 genes, including 101 significant genes (padjusted < 0.05). The CGSEA identified 2,559 chemicals, including 178 chemicals that were significantly correlated with CeD. This study performed a TWAS (for genetic factors) and CGSEA (for environmental factors) and identified several CeD-associated genes and chemicals. The findings expand our understanding of the genetic and environmental factors related to immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ruoyang Feng
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuesheng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yujie Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongyang Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanfeng Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yanfeng Xiao, ; Chunyan Yin,
| | - Chunyan Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yanfeng Xiao, ; Chunyan Yin,
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Rossi CM, Lenti MV, Merli S, Licari A, Votto M, Marseglia GL, Di Sabatino A. Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders and allergy: Clinical and therapeutic implications. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12146. [PMID: 35620572 PMCID: PMC9125508 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID) are increasingly prevalent, immune‐mediated, chronic conditions which primarily affect pediatric and young adult patients, leading to substantial disease burden, and poor quality of life. EGID may either involve single portions of the gastrointestinal tract (i.e., esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and colon) or a combination. Their strong association with allergic disorders has been recently recognized, and although their shared pathophysiological basis remains partly elusive, this feature greatly impacts the diagnostic and treatment work‐up. We herein critically discuss the current knowledge on the association of EGID and allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and food or drug allergy. In particular, we reviewed the literature focusing on their epidemiology, pathophysiological basis and mechanisms, and diagnostic strategies. Finally, we discuss the currently ongoing clinical trials targeting EGID and allergic diseases, including, among others the monoclonal antibodies dupilumab, mepolizumab, benralizumab, and lirentelimab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Rossi
- First Department of Internal Medicine IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- First Department of Internal Medicine IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Stefania Merli
- First Department of Internal Medicine IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Amelia Licari
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences University of Pavia Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | - Martina Votto
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences University of Pavia Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences University of Pavia Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy
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Olajide-Ibiejugba AO, Nkosi V, Takalani-Rathogwa F, Shirinde J, Wichmann J, Green RJ, Voyi K. Allergy and Household Living Conditions among Adolescents Living near Gold Mine Tailing Dumps in the Gauteng and North West Provinces of South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:122. [PMID: 35010377 PMCID: PMC8750766 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This quantitative exploratory baseline study aimed to investigate whether allergy among adolescents was associated with household living conditions, including living near gold mine tailing dumps in South Africa. A questionnaire based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies was used to collect information on allergy and household risk factors among adolescents (n = 5611). A chi-square test was applied to determine the relationship between community (exposed/unexposed) and confounding variables. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis (LRA) to estimate the likelihood of having doctor-diagnosed allergies. The overall prevalence of doctor-diagnosed allergies was 25.5%. The exposed communities had a higher prevalence of doctor-diagnosed allergies (26.97%) compared with the unexposed (22.69%) communities. The study found an association between doctor-diagnosed allergy and having fungus in the house, being female, currently having pets in and around the house, residing in the community for more than three years and living in communities located close to gold mine tailing dumps. Actions to implement buffer zones between gold mine tailing dumps and communities would support Sustainable Development Goals 3 (health) and 11 (sustainable cities and communities), while failing to address the current potential identified risk factors may pose a significant public health challenge. Local policymakers should also apply the precautionary principle to protect the health of children, especially with the location of human settlements relative to air pollution sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abike O. Olajide-Ibiejugba
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (A.O.O.-I.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (K.V.)
| | - Vusumuzi Nkosi
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (A.O.O.-I.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (K.V.)
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa
| | - Funzani Takalani-Rathogwa
- Department of Advanced Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa;
| | - Joyce Shirinde
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (A.O.O.-I.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (K.V.)
| | - Janine Wichmann
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (A.O.O.-I.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (K.V.)
| | - Robin J. Green
- Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Kuku Voyi
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (A.O.O.-I.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (K.V.)
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