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Pisa FR, Spinella G, Pane B, Pratesi G. Use of target vessel ballooning to facilitate endovascular treatment in the case of branched endovascular aneurysm repair with a retrograde approach. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2023; 9:101330. [PMID: 37885793 PMCID: PMC10598395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2023.101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of a new technique for branched endovascular aneurysm repair with a retrograde approach and ostial stenosis of the target vessel is reported. An angioplasty balloon was placed within the target vessel and used to give added stability to catheter advancement to place the stiff guidewire needed for placement of a bridging stent graft. In brief, a standard guidewire was first placed inside the target vessel through the retrograde approach. Next, the balloon was placed from outside the stent graft, again through a contralateral retrograde approach. Then, the angioplasty balloon was inflated, and a support catheter was advanced to the balloon and then slowly deflated to allow the catheter to advance. Finally, the stiff guidewire was placed. Subsequently, the bridging stent was placed and deployed. This technique is feasible and can be used in selected cases to use a retrograde approach when ostial stenosis of the target vessel is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Riccardo Pisa
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bianca Pane
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pratesi
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Chamseddin K, Timaran CH, Oderich GS, Tenorio ER, Farber MA, Parodi FE, Schneider DB, Schanzer A, Beck AW, Sweet MP, Zettervall SL, Mendes B, Eagleton MJ, Gasper WJ. Comparison of upper extremity and transfemoral access for fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair. J Vasc Surg 2023; 77:704-711. [PMID: 36257344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of upper extremity (UE) access is an accepted and often implemented approach for fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (F-BEVAR). The advent of steerable sheaths has enabled the performance of F-BEVAR using a total transfemoral (TF) approach without UE access, potentially decreasing the risks of cerebral embolic events. The purpose of the present study was to assess the outcomes of F-BEVAR using UE vs TF access. METHODS Prospectively collected data from nine physician-sponsored investigational device exemption studies at U.S. centers were analyzed using a standardized database. All patients were treated for complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (CAAAs) and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) using industry-manufactured fenestrated and branched stent grafts between 2005 and 2020. The outcomes were compared between patients who had undergone UE vs total TF access. The primary composite outcome was stroke or transient ischemia attack (TIA) and 30-day or in-patient mortality during the perioperative period. The secondary outcomes included technical success, local access-related complications, and perioperative mortality. RESULTS Among 1681 patients (71% men; mean age, 73.43 ± 7.8 years) who had undergone F-BEVAR, 502 had had CAAAs (30%), 535 had had extent IV TAAAs (32%), and 644 had had extent I to III TAAAs (38%). UE access was used for 1103 patients (67%). The right side was used for 395 patients (24%) and the left side for 705 patients (42%). UE access was preferentially used for TAAAs (74% vs 47%; P < .001). In contrast, TF access was used more frequently for CAAAs (53% vs 26%; P < .01). A total of 38 perioperative cerebrovascular events (2.5%), including 32 strokes (1.9%) and 6 TIAs (0.4%), had occurred. Perioperative cerebrovascular events had occurred more frequently with UE access than with TF access (2.8% vs 1.2%; P = .036). An individual component analysis of the primary composite outcome revealed a trend for more frequent strokes (2.3% vs 1.2%; P = .13) and TIAs (0.54% vs 0%; P = .10) in the UE access group. On multivariable analysis, total TF access was associated with a 60% reduction in the frequency of perioperative cerebrovascular events (odds ratio, 0.39; P = .029). No significant differences were observed between UE and TF access in the technical success rate (96.5% vs 96.8%; P = .72), perioperative mortality (2.9% vs 2.6%; P = .72), or local access-related complications (6.5% vs 5.5%; P = .43). CONCLUSIONS In the present large, multicenter, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, a total TF approach for F-BEVAR was associated with a lower rate of perioperative cerebrovascular events compared with UE access. Although the cerebrovascular event rate was low with UE access, the TF approach offered a lower risk of stroke and TIA. UE access will continue to play a role for appropriately selected patients requiring more complex repairs with anatomy not amenable to the TF approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Chamseddin
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Carlos H Timaran
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
| | - Gustavo S Oderich
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Emanuel R Tenorio
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Mark A Farber
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - F Ezequiel Parodi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Darren B Schneider
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Andres Schanzer
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA
| | - Adam W Beck
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Matthew P Sweet
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sara L Zettervall
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bernardo Mendes
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew J Eagleton
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Warren J Gasper
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Sotir A, Klopf J, Wolf F, Funovics MA, Loewe C, Domenig C, Kölbel T, Neumayer C, Eilenberg W. Monoplane versus biplane fluoroscopy in patients undergoing fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair. J Vasc Surg 2022; 77:1359-1366.e2. [PMID: 36587811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) with fenestrated (F-EVAR) or branched (B-EVAR) endografts represents an indispensable tool of modern patient care in vascular surgery. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the center's initial experience of F/B-EVAR procedures performed under biplane angiography guidance compared with a historical control group. METHODS From January 2020 to March 2022, 80 consecutive patients underwent F/B-EVAR under general anesthesia at a single institution. As from January 2021, the deployment of complex stent grafts was performed using an alternative intraoperative imaging modality-a biplane fluoroscopy and angiography. The cohort was divided into monoplane (MPA) and biplane (BPA) groups according to the imaging modality applied. The end points were operation time, fluoroscopy time, radiation exposure, dose of contrast agent, and technical success. RESULTS The MPA group included 59 patients (78% male; median age; 74 years; interquartile range [IQR], 66-78 years) and the BPA group 21 patients (85.7% males; median age, 75 years; IQR, 69-79 years). Operation time (median, 320 minutes; IQR, 266-376 minutes) versus (median, 275 minutes; IQR, 216-333 minutes) was significantly lower in the BPA group (P = .006). The median fluoroscopy time (median, 82 minutes; IQR, 57-110 minutes vs median, 68 minutes; IQR, 54-92 minutes), contrast agent volume applied (median, 220 mL; IQR, 179-250 mL vs median, 200 mL; IQR, 170-250 mL), and radiation dose (dose-area product, median, 413 Gy × cm2; IQR, 249-736 Gy × cm2; vs median, 542 Gy × cm2; IQR, 196-789 Gy × cm2) were similar in both groups. Technical success of 96.6% (57/59 cases) versus 100% (21/21 cases) could be achieved in MPA and BPA group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS F/B-EVAR procedures performed under BPA guidance were associated with a significant decrease in operation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sotir
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Wolf
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin A Funovics
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Loewe
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Domenig
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tilo Kölbel
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Hauck SR, Eilenberg W, Kupferthaler A, Kern M, Dachs TM, Wressnegger A, Neumayer C, Loewe C, Funovics MA. Use of a Steerable Sheath for Completely Femoral Access in Branched Endovascular Aortic Repair Compared to Upper Extremity Access. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2022; 45:744-751. [PMID: 35391546 PMCID: PMC9117381 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-022-03064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare bridging stent graft (BSG) implantation in downward oriented branches in branched endovascular aortic repair (bEVAR), using a commercially available steerable sheath from an exclusively femoral access (TFA) with traditional upper extremity access (UEA). METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, 7 patients with 19 branches in the TFA cohort received BSG insertion using the Medtronic Heli FX steerable sheath from a femoral access, and 10 patients with 32 branches in the UEA cohort from a brachial approach. Technical success, total intervention time, fluoroscopy time, branch cannulation time, and complication rate were recorded. RESULTS Technical success was 19/19 branches in the TFA and 31/32 in the UEA cohort. The mean branch cannulation time was considerably shorter in the TFA group (17 vs. 29 min, p = 0.003), and total intervention time tended to be shorter (169 vs. 217 min, p = 0.176). CONCLUSION Using a commercially available steerable sheath allowed successful cannulation of all branches in this cohort and was associated with significantly shorter branch cannulation times. Potentially, this technique can lower the stroke and brachial puncture site complication risk as well as reduce total intervention time and radiation dose. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b, retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven R Hauck
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kupferthaler
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Medical Faculty, Linz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Kern
- Department of Radiology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa-Marie Dachs
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Wressnegger
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Loewe
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin A Funovics
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Bioimaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Kapahnke S, Bürger M, Torsello GF, Omran S, Hinterseher I, Greiner A, Frese JP. Cannulation of visceral vessels using a steerable sheathin fenestrated and branched aortic endografts. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 85:305-313. [PMID: 35271960 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A critical step in the endovascular treatment of complex aortic aneurysm is the cannulation and stenting of renovisceral vessels, especially in cases with a complex anatomy or atherosclerotic lesions. This study aimed to demonstrate the results of renovisceral vessel cannulation using a steerable sheath in fenestrated or branched endovascular aortic procedures (FB-EVAR). METHODS Patients undergoing elective FB-EVAR for asymptomatic thoracoabdominal or juxtarenal aneurysm at a single tertiary referral center from 2016 to 2019 were included in this study. Underlying pathologies, renovisceral target vessels (TV), technical success (TS), freedom from reintervention (FFR), and TV patency were assessed. Target vessels were categorized as challenging or non-challenging TV. RESULTS Fifty-three patients (median age 73 (Q1, Q3 (68 - 80)); 43 male (81%)) who underwent elective FB-EVAR were included. Indications comprised thoracoabdominal aneurysms (Crawford I-IV) (n = 26; 49%), juxtarenal aneurysms (n = 23; 43.5%) and penetrating aortic ulcers (PAU) (n = 4; 7.5%). Two patients (4%) had prior open aortic surgery, and three patients (6%) had undergone a failed standard EVAR before. Of the 196 treated TV, 131 (67%) were categorized as challenging. Cannulation was successful in 194 of 196 vessels (99%). A total of three TV (1.5%) showed periprocedural complications. No significant difference was found in the rate of intraoperative complications between challenging versus non-challenging TV (p = 0.457). One patient died within 30 days of the procedure (1.9%). No stroke or intestinal ischemia occurred. After 12, 24, and 36 months, the survival rate was 87%, 87%, and 81%, respectively Primary patency after 12 months was 98.6%, and 97.9% of vessels remained FFR during follow-up. CONCLUSION Transfemoral, retrograde cannulation of renovisceral vessels using a steerable sheath is feasible and safe and provides good mid-term results, especially in cases with challenging renovisceral vessels. The potential complications of antegrade vascular access can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kapahnke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Bürger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Giovanni Federico Torsello
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Safwan Omran
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Hinterseher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane - Campus Neuruppin, Vascular Surgery; Fehrbelliner Str. 38, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Paul Frese
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Vascular Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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Ferrer C, Diotallevi N, Orellana Dàvila B, Coscarella C, Spataro C, Albertucci M, Giudice R. Complete Transfemoral Endovascular Repair with Homemade Steerable Sheath of Intercostal Artery Patch Aneurysm after Open Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 83:378.e11-378.e20. [PMID: 35257917 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe a case of complete transfemoral approach for endovascular treatment of a large intercostal patch aneurysm with custom-made stent-graft in a patient with Loeys-Dietz syndrome and previous multiple aortic operations. Three aortic components were used to exclude a 65-mm intercostal patch aneurysm. Because of the reimplantation site of supra-aortic trunks in a previous open arch repair, we used a complete transfemoral approach with a homemade steerable sheath to deliver all the renovisceral bridging stents through the downward side-branches. No major complications were registered. A 6-month follow-up resulted uneventfully, and an initial shrinkage of the aneurysmal lesion was found. The use of a homemade steerable sheath was safe and effective for catheterization and stenting of all the target vessels through the downward side branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Ferrer
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicolò Diotallevi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Coscarella
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Spataro
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Albertucci
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Giudice
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, San Giovanni - Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Scott CK, Driessen AL, Gonzalez MS, Malekpour F, Guardiola GG, Baig MS, Kirkwood ML, Timaran CH. Perioperative neurologic outcomes of right versus left upper extremity access for fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg 2022; 75:794-802. [PMID: 34597786 PMCID: PMC9013472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Upper extremity (UE) access is frequently used for fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (F-BEVAR), particularly for complex repairs. Traditionally, left-side UE access has been used to avoid crossing the arch and the origin of the supra-aortic vessels, which could potentially result in cerebral embolization and an increased risk of perioperative cerebrovascular events. More recently, right UE has been more frequently used as it is more convenient and ergonomic. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes and cerebrovascular events after F-BEVAR with the use of right- vs left-side UE access. METHODS During an 8-year period, 453 patients (71% male) underwent F-BEVAR at a single institution. UE access was used in more complex repairs. Left UE access was favored in the past, whereas right UE access is currently the preferred UE access side. Brachial artery cutdown was used in all patients for the placement of a 12F sheath. Outcomes were compared between patients undergoing right vs left UE access. End points included cerebrovascular events, perioperative mortality, technical success, and local access-related complications. RESULTS UE access was used in 361 (80%) patients. The right side was used in 232 (64%) and the left side in 129 (36%) patients for the treatment of 88 (25%) juxtarenal, 135 (38%) suprarenal, and 137 (38%) thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. Most procedures were elective (94%). Technical success was achieved in 354 patients (98%). In-patient or 30-day mortality was 3.3%. Five (1%) perioperative strokes occurred in patients undergoing right UE access, of which three were ischemic and two were hemorrhagic. No transient ischemic attacks occurred perioperatively. Two hemorrhagic strokes were associated with permissive hypertension to prevent spinal cord ischemia. No perioperative strokes occurred in patients undergoing left UE access (P = .16). Overall, perioperative strokes occurred with similar frequency in patients undergoing UE (5, 1%) and femoral access only (1, 1%) (P = .99). Arm access-related complications occurred in 15 (5%) patients, 11 (4.8%) on the right side and 4 (6%) on the left side (P = .74). CONCLUSIONS Right UE access can be used for F-BEVAR with low morbidity and minimal risk of perioperative ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks. In general, UE access is not associated with an increased risk of perioperative stroke compared with femoral access only. Tight blood pressure control is, however, critical to avoid intracranial bleeding related to uncontrolled hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla K. Scott
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anna L. Driessen
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Marilisa Soto Gonzalez
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fatemeh Malekpour
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gerardo G. Guardiola
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mirza S. Baig
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Melissa L. Kirkwood
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Carlos H. Timaran
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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8
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Zander T, García G, Concepción Y, Parra F, Valdés M, Maynar M. Stabilizing Technique for Bridging Stent Placement in Branched Endovascular Aortic Repair. J Endovasc Ther 2021; 28:687-691. [PMID: 34137661 DOI: 10.1177/15266028211025025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a bailout technique for bridging covered stent placement during branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR) in complex anatomy. TECHNIQUE BEVAR is an alternative technique for the treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). Visceral and renal vessels must be preserved by bridging covered stent placement through downward-oriented branches of the main stent graft device. Challenging anatomy such as kinking and elongation of the aorta, or type III aortic arch configuration may impede successful catheterization of these branches due to reduced steerability and pushability of the endovascular material. Different alternative techniques have been described to overcome these anatomic barriers. This technical note adds another endovascular solution to complex cases using the guiding sheath stabilizing technique. It is based on a standard "through-and-through" technique. An attached snare is inserted via femoral approach, providing a stable position for branch catheterization and bridging covered stent deployment. CONCLUSION The stabilizing technique is safe and easy to perform and provides a stable position of the guiding sheath when antegrade branch catheterization is challenging. This technique is an additional tool for handling challenging cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Zander
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Giovanni García
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Yamileth Concepción
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Felipe Parra
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Michel Valdés
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manuel Maynar
- Department of Endovascular Therapy, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife/Canary Islands, Spain.,University of Las Palmas de Gran Canarias (ULPGC), Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
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Zymvragoudakis V, Donati T, Gkoutzios P, Abisi S. WILD Sheath Technique: "WIre Loop Directional" Sheath for Retrograde Femoral Access in Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 75:518-522. [PMID: 33823251 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (BEVAR) necessitates upper limb access (ULA) to facilitate the antegrade cannulation of downward directional branches and the placement of the bridging stent grafts. Various technical solutions to avoid ULA have been proposed and successfully applied in a limited number of cases. This can be necessary in specific clinical scenarios such as hostile aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic anatomy, or in the case of previous aortic arch and supra-aortic vessels surgery complicating the conventional approach with ULA in BEVAR. Taking inspiration from the prior description of a precursory technique, we report the application of our technique in BEVAR procedures, using standard introducer sheaths as a directional stable platform to facilitate an "All Femoral Access" (AFA) approach without the need for ULA, snaring or commercial steerable sheaths. Our concept is based on utilizing a wire loop to form a directional sheath (WILD sheath technique).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Zymvragoudakis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Tommaso Donati
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Panos Gkoutzios
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Said Abisi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Massiot N, Ben Abdallah I, Duprey A, Leygnac S, Corcos O, Castier Y, El Batti S. Multicentre Evaluation of an Extra Low Dose Protocol to Reduce Radiation Exposure in Superior Mesenteric Artery Stenting. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2020; 60:925-931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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11
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Eilenberg W, Kölbel T, Rohlffs F, Oderich G, Eleshra A, Tsilimparis N, Debus S, Panuccio G. Comparison of transfemoral versus upper extremity access to antegrade branches in branched endovascular aortic repair. J Vasc Surg 2020; 73:1498-1503. [PMID: 33248122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied the outcomes of transfemoral access (TFA) vs upper extremity access (UEA) for branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR). METHODS From January 2016 to October 2019, 152 consecutive patients underwent BEVAR under general anesthesia at a single institution. In 2018, an alternative approach to the antegrade branches using TFA compared with conventional UEA was introduced. The cohort was divided into TFA and UEA groups according to the access approach. The end points were technical success, adverse events (including perioperative stroke/transient ischemic attack), access complications, operation time, and radiation exposure. RESULTS The TFA group included 60 patients (63% male; median age, 71 years; interquartile range [IQR], 65-76 years). The UEA group included 92 patients (67% male; median age, 73 years; IQR, 66-78 years). The number of target vessels (TVs) was similar in both groups (median, 4.0 TVs per procedure; range, 1-7 TVs for both). Technical success was greater in the TFA group (60 of 60 patients; 209 of 209 TVs) than in the UEA group (87 of 92 patients; 334 of 346 TVs; P < .01). The fluoroscopy time (median, 69 minutes; IQR, 48-87 minutes; vs 88 minutes; IQR, 65-104 minutes; P = .39) and contrast agent volume (median, 141 mL; IQR, 123-165 mL; vs median, 130 mL; IQR, 101-157 mL; P = .34) were similar in both groups. The radiation exposure (221 Gy × cm2; IQR, 138-406 Gy × cm2; vs median, 255 Gy × cm2; IQR, 148-425 Gy × cm2; P = .05) was lower and the operation time (median, 300 minutes; IQR, 240-356 minutes; vs median, 364 minutes; IQR, 290-475 minutes; P = .01) was shorter in the TFA group. Brachial access complications (0 of 60 vs 3 of 92 patients) and perioperative strokes/transient ischemic attacks (0 of 60 vs 8 of 92 patients) only occurred in the UEA group (P = .018). CONCLUSIONS The use of TFA to catheterize antegrade branches was associated with a lower rate of complications in the present study and has become our preferred approach for BEVAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf Eilenberg
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kölbel
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fiona Rohlffs
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Oderich
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Ahmed Eleshra
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsilimparis
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Debus
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Panuccio
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Pedersoli F, Hitpass L, Isfort P, Zimmermann M, Schulze-Hagen M, Gombert A, Kuhl CK, Bruners P, Keil S. Recanalization and Stenting of the Celiac and the Superior Mesenteric Artery Supported by Use of a Steerable Introducer Sheath: Report on 2 Years' Experience. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2020; 55:158-163. [PMID: 33213286 DOI: 10.1177/1538574420975264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare technical parameters and success of recanalization of celiac (CA) or superior mesenteric artery (SMA) with usage of steerable vs not steerable introducer sheaths. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on all consecutive patients who underwent recanalization with stent implantation of CA or SMA between 2015 and 2019. Data regarding technical success (successful stent placement with restoration of sufficient blood flow by the first attempt without changing kind of introducer sheath or access site), indication for treatment, vascular access, kind of introducer sheath, fluoroscopy time and radiation dose were collected. Preinterventional CT were analyzed to classify the difficulty of catheterization of target vessels. Technical parameters were compared with independent t-test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS 66 patients underwent recanalization of CA or SMA. Usage of steerable introducer sheaths was associated with higher technical success compared to not steerable introducer sheaths with transfemoral approach respectively of 8/8 vs 15/19 for the CA and 11/11 vs 17/20 for the SMA. Steerable introducer sheaths were used in recanalization considered more technically difficult compared to not steerable introducer sheaths (58% vs 33%). Usage of steerable introducer sheath showed a statistically significant reduction of radiation dose in the recanalization of the SMA (respectively 32035 ± 15716 cGy cm2 vs 60102 ± 28432 cGy cm2; p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Even if used in more difficult interventions, steerable introducer sheaths showed a higher technical success compared to not steerable introducer sheaths with transfemoral access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Pedersoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lea Hitpass
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Isfort
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Zimmermann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schulze-Hagen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Gombert
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christiane K Kuhl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Bruners
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keil
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 39058RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Simonte G, Isernia G, Fino G, Casali F, Cieri E, Parlani G, Lenti M. Branched Endograft Partial Deployment to Save Space for Vessel Cannulation When Treating Aneurysms with Narrow Aortic Lumen. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 70:559-564. [PMID: 32800892 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a novel technique developed for the treatment of patients with thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms having narrow aortic lumens using branched endografts. TECHNIQUE When treating patients with a narrow aortic inner diameter with branched endografts, we propose a partial graft deployment leaving the distal portion of the device inside the delivery system with the aim of spare space and facilitate target vessel cannulation. CONCLUSIONS Partial endograft deployment could be considered in the case of expected difficulty associated with encumbrance deriving from the distal straight graft portion. This technique could be useful to avoid target vessel loss and therein save procedural and fluoroscopy time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Simonte
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Isernia
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Fino
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Casali
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Enrico Cieri
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianbattista Parlani
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Lenti
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Hospital S. Maria Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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14
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Orrico M, Marino M, Vona A, Lorido A, Mangialardi ML, Nesi F, Mangialardi N. EVAR with Aortic Placement of a Single JOTEC E-iliac Stent-graft System in a Patient with Poliomyelitis Aortoiliac Deformities. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 69:454.e7-454.e11. [PMID: 32768550 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Small-sized vessels can represent a contraindication to standard endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), and more specifically, aortoiliac deformities resulting from poliomyelitis may add an adjunctive challenge for total endovascular repair. Herein we report a case of a 62-year-old man with a 55 mm abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and a history of poliomyelitis. More specifically, a computed tomography angiogram (CTA) showed a very narrow infrarenal aortic neck, measuring 13 mm in maximum diameter, and severely atrophic external iliac and common femoral arteries. A total endovascular repair was planned and realized with a single aortic JOTEC iliac branch and contralateral VBX placement. All prosthetic materials were delivered from the nonatrophic side. At the 1-year CTA, the aneurysm was successfully excluded and both iliofemoral axes were patent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Orrico
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Marino
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Vona
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Lorido
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Mangialardi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Nesi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Mangialardi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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15
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Steerable Sheath for Cannulation and Bridging Stenting of Challenging Target Visceral Vessels in Fenestrated and Branched Endografting. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 67:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Lemmens CC, Mees BM, de Haan MW, Schurink GWH. Stabilization of a steerable sheath during retrograde access to antegrade-oriented branches in complex endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2020; 6:288-291. [PMID: 32566807 PMCID: PMC7298334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During branched endovascular aneurysm repair, cannulation of the visceral target vessels through antegrade branches and insertion of bridging stents are frequently done from an upper extremity access. A retrograde femoral approach is a challenging alternative when an antegrade approach is not preferred. Herein, we describe a technique to increase stability of a steerable sheath, using a single suture, for bridging antegrade-facing branches from a retrograde access. This technique secures the sheath's deflected tip and provides more pushability to the steerable sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C. Lemmens
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Barend M.E. Mees
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel W. de Haan
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Willem H. Schurink
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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17
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Malgor RD, Marques de Marino P, Verhoeven E, Katsargyris A. A systematic review of outcomes of upper extremity access for fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair. J Vasc Surg 2020; 71:1763-1770.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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18
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Simonte G, Fino G, Isernia G, Parlani G, Cieri E, Baccani L, Lenti M. Forced Complete Femoral Approach for Urgent Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Repair Using an Inner Branched Endograft. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 64:412.e7-412.e13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Panuccio G, Rohlffs F, Makaloski V, Eleshra A, Tsilimparis N, Kölbel T. Through-and-Through Suture Technique to Stabilize a Sheath in Branched Endovascular Aortic Repair. J Endovasc Ther 2019; 26:805-809. [DOI: 10.1177/1526602819871931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To describe a technique to catheterize antegrade branches of a branched thoracoabdominal endograft from a femoral access with the help of standard sheaths and a vascular suture. Technique: The technique is demonstrated in a patient who underwent successful complex thoracoabdominal branched endovascular aortic repair. After the deployment of an aortic endograft with two antegrade branches for the targeted renovisceral vessels, a standard braided sheath was preloaded with a 3/0 polypropylene suture and introduced inside an additional sheath from the groin to the thoracic aorta. Simultaneous gentle traction on the suture as the preloaded sheath was advanced achieved a very stable 180° curve of the proximal end of the sheath. It was possible to selectively catheterize the antegrade branches and respective target vessels sequentially, as well as deploy the planned bridging stents for each branch. Conclusion: The through-and-through suture technique is a helpful tool in branched endovascular aortic repair. It saves time, radiation, and materials; no snare is needed, and it can be preloaded into a sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Panuccio
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fiona Rohlffs
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Makaloski
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Eleshra
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsilimparis
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Kölbel
- German Aortic Center, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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