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Rouabah A, Lasserre-Joulin F, Plantureux S, Taugourdeau S, Amiaud B. Functional trait composition of carabid beetle communities predicts prey suppression through both mass ratio and niche complementarity mechanisms. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:562-574. [PMID: 37596960 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Several components of predator functional diversity have been hypothesized to influence prey suppression through either niche complementarity or mass ratio effects. Nevertheless, most studies have used a functional group approach when assessing the role of these predators in ecosystem functioning. By adopting a trait-based approach, we evaluated the relative contributions of carabid diversity components in predicting prey suppression. Our results highlight the importance of both taxonomic and functional diversity components of carabids as key drivers of prey suppression. Prey suppression was best predicted by carabid densities, with the dominance of Poecilus cupreus potentially driving the positive effect of community total abundance through the mass ratio effect. Prey suppression increased with increasing the density of large carabids. In addition, carabid eye diameter and antennal length were key functional traits for predicting prey suppression. Furthermore, prey suppression increased with increasing carabid functional richness following the niche complementarity effect. In contrast to functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence of carabid communities were weakly correlated with prey suppression. By identifying which diversity components of carabid communities contribute the most to increase prey suppression, our results can guide efforts aiming to predict the relationship between diversity of these predators and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Simon Taugourdeau
- UMR SELMET, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34000, France
- CIRAD, UMR SELMET-PPZS, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Bernard Amiaud
- UMR Silva, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, 54506, France
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Thierry M, Pardikes NA, Rosenbaum B, Ximénez-Embún MG, Hrček J. The presence of multiple parasitoids decreases host survival under warming, but parasitoid performance also decreases. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220121. [PMID: 35291840 PMCID: PMC8924747 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Current global changes are reshaping ecological communities and modifying environmental conditions. We need to recognize the combined impact of these biotic and abiotic factors on species interactions, community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Specifically, the strength of predator-prey interactions often depends on the presence of other natural enemies: it weakens with competition and interference or strengthens with facilitation. Such effects of multiple predators on prey are likely to be affected by changes in the abiotic environment, altering top-down control, a key structuring force in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Here, we investigated how warming alters the effects of multiple predators on prey suppression using a dynamic model coupled with empirical laboratory experiments with Drosophila-parasitoid communities. While multiple parasitoids enhanced top-down control under warming, parasitoid performance generally declined when another parasitoid was present owing to competitive interactions. This could reduce top-down control over multiple generations. Our study highlights the importance of accounting for interactive effects between abiotic and biotic factors to better predict community dynamics in a rapidly changing world and thus better preserve ecosystem functioning and services such as biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Thierry
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005 Czech Republic,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas A. Pardikes
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Benjamin Rosenbaum
- Theory in Biodiversity Science, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Miguel G. Ximénez-Embún
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hrček
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005 Czech Republic,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005, Czech Republic
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Toscano BJ, Pulcini D, Costa-Pereira R, Newsome WB, Griffen BD. Polymorphism promotes edge utilization by marsh crabs. Oecologia 2022; 198:1031-1042. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Griffin JN, Silliman BR. Predator size-structure and species identity determine cascading effects in a coastal ecosystem. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:12435-12442. [PMID: 30619556 PMCID: PMC6308854 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cascading consequences of predator extinctions are well documented, but impacts of perturbations to predator size-structure and how these vary across species remain unclear. Body size is hypothesized to be a key trait governing individual predators' impact on ecosystems. Therefore, shifts in predator size-structure should trigger ecosystem ramifications which are consistent across functionally similar species. Using a US salt marsh as a model system, we tested this hypothesis by manipulating size class (small, medium, and large) and size diversity (combination of all three size classes) within two closely related and functionally similar predatory crab species over 4 months. Across treatments, predators suppressed densities of a dominant grazer and an ecosystem engineer, enhanced plant biomass, and altered sediment properties (redox potential and saturation). Over the metabolically equivalent experimental predator treatments, small size class predators had stronger average impacts on response variables, and size class interacted with predator species identity to drive engineer suppression. Within both predator species, size diversity increased cannibalism and slightly weakened the average impact. These results show that predator impacts in a salt marsh ecosystem are determined by both size class and size diversity; they also highlight that size class can have species-dependent and response-dependent effects, underlining the challenge of generalizing trait effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. Silliman
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the EnvironmentDuke UniversityBeaufortNorth Carolina
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Roubinet E, Jonsson T, Malsher G, Staudacher K, Traugott M, Ekbom B, Jonsson M. High Redundancy as well as Complementary Prey Choice Characterize Generalist Predator Food Webs in Agroecosystems. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8054. [PMID: 29795226 PMCID: PMC5966386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Food web structure influences ecosystem functioning and the strength and stability of associated ecosystem services. With their broad diet, generalist predators represent key nodes in the structure of many food webs and they contribute substantially to ecosystem services such as biological pest control. However, until recently it has been difficult to empirically assess food web structure with generalist predators. We utilized DNA-based molecular gut-content analyses to assess the prey use of a set of generalist invertebrate predator species common in temperate agricultural fields. We investigated the degree of specialization of predator-prey food webs at two key stages of the cropping season and analysed the link temperature of different trophic links, to identify non-random predation. We found a low level of specialization in our food webs, and identified warm and cool links which may result from active prey choice or avoidance. We also found a within-season variation in interaction strength between predators and aphid pests which differed among predator species. Our results show a high time-specific functional redundancy of the predator community, but also suggest temporally complementary prey choice due to within-season succession of some predator species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Roubinet
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jonsson
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Ecological Modelling group, School of Biosciences, Skövde University, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Gerard Malsher
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Staudacher
- Mountain Agriculture Research Unit, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Traugott
- Mountain Agriculture Research Unit, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Ekbom
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Jonsson
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Vu HD, Pennings SC. Predators mediate above‐ vs. belowground herbivory in a salt marsh crab. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huy D. Vu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA
| | - Steven C. Pennings
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA
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Keystone mutualism strengthens top–down effects by recruiting large-bodied ants. Oecologia 2018; 186:601-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-4047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Lord JP. Potential impact of the Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus on native northeast Pacific crabs. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jonsson M, Kaartinen R, Straub CS. Relationships between natural enemy diversity and biological control. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 20:1-6. [PMID: 28602230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural enemy diversity generally strengthens biological control, but individual studies have found everything from positive to negative effects. We discuss the factors that promote these different outcomes. We argue that a trait-based approach is helpful to improve our understanding of the relationship between enemy diversity and biological control, and suggest that enemy diversity is likely to be particularly important as an insurance against effects of climate change. Future research should increase the scale and ecological realism of enemy diversity studies, and consider both the strength and stability of biological control. Such research is likely to reveal even stronger evidence that conserving enemy biodiversity will improve biological pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Jonsson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, PO Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Riikka Kaartinen
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth 11 Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
| | - Cory S Straub
- Department of Biology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426-1000, USA.
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