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Dou B, Li Y, Wang F, Chen L, Zhang W. Chassis engineering for high light tolerance in microalgae and cyanobacteria. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38987975 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2357368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis in microalgae and cyanobacteria is considered an important chassis to accelerate energy transition and mitigate global warming. Currently, cultivation systems for photosynthetic microbes for large-scale applications encountered excessive light exposure stress. High light stress can: affect photosynthetic efficiency, reduce productivity, limit cell growth, and even cause cell death. Deciphering photoprotection mechanisms and constructing high-light tolerant chassis have been recent research focuses. In this review, we first briefly introduce the self-protection mechanisms of common microalgae and cyanobacteria in response to high light stress. These mechanisms mainly include: avoiding excess light absorption, dissipating excess excitation energy, quenching excessive high-energy electrons, ROS detoxification, and PSII repair. We focus on the species-specific differences in these mechanisms as well as recent advancements. Then, we review engineering strategies for creating high-light tolerant chassis, such as: reducing the size of the light-harvesting antenna, optimizing non-photochemical quenching, optimizing photosynthetic electron transport, and enhancing PSII repair. Finally, we propose a comprehensive exploration of mechanisms: underlying identified high light tolerant chassis, identification of new genes pertinent to high light tolerance using innovative methodologies, harnessing CRISPR systems and artificial intelligence for chassis engineering modification, and introducing plant photoprotection mechanisms as future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Dou
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Fangzhong Wang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
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Douchi D, Si Larbi G, Fel B, Bonnanfant M, Louwagie M, Jouhet J, Agnely M, Pouget S, Maréchal E. Dryland Endolithic Chroococcidiopsis and Temperate Fresh Water Synechocystis Have Distinct Membrane Lipid and Photosynthesis Acclimation Strategies upon Desiccation and Temperature Increase. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:939-957. [PMID: 37944070 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
An effect of climate change is the expansion of drylands in temperate regions, predicted to affect microbial biodiversity. Since photosynthetic organisms are at the base of ecosystem's trophic networks, we compared an endolithic desiccation-tolerant Chroococcidiopsis cyanobacteria isolated from gypsum rocks in the Atacama Desert with a freshwater desiccation-sensitive Synechocystis. We sought whether some acclimation traits in response to desiccation and temperature variations were shared, to evaluate the potential of temperate species to possibly become resilient to future arid conditions. When temperature varies, Synechocystis tunes the acyl composition of its lipids, via a homeoviscous acclimation mechanism known to adjust membrane fluidity, whereas no such change occurs in Chroococcidiopsis. Vice versa, a combined study of photosynthesis and pigment content shows that Chroococcidiopsis remodels its photosynthesis components and keeps an optimal photosynthetic capacity at all temperatures, whereas Synechocystis is unable to such adjustment. Upon desiccation on a gypsum surface, Synechocystis is rapidly unable to revive, whereas Chroococcidiopsis is capable to recover after three weeks. Using X-ray diffraction, we found no evidence that Chroococcidiopsis could use water extracted from gypsum crystals in such conditions as a surrogate for missing water. The sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol becomes the prominent membrane lipid in both dehydrated cyanobacteria, highlighting an overlooked function for this lipid. Chroococcidiopsis keeps a minimal level of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, which may be essential for the recovery process. Results support that two independent adaptation strategies have evolved in these species to cope with temperature and desiccation increase and suggest some possible scenarios for microbial biodiversity change triggered by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Douchi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Gregory Si Larbi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Benjamin Fel
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Marlène Bonnanfant
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Mathilde Louwagie
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Mathias Agnely
- Saint Gobain Research Paris, SAINT-GOBAIN, 39 quai Lucien Lefranc, Aubervilliers Cedex 93303, France
| | - Stéphanie Pouget
- Laboratoire Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, IRIG; CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
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3
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Stadnichuk IN, Krasilnikov PM. Relationship between non-photochemical quenching efficiency and the energy transfer rate from phycobilisomes to photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 159:177-189. [PMID: 37328680 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The chromophorylated PBLcm domain of the ApcE linker protein in the cyanobacterial phycobilisome (PBS) serves as a bottleneck for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the PBS to the antennal chlorophyll of photosystem II (PS II) and as a redirection point for energy distribution to the orange protein ketocarotenoid (OCP), which is excitonically coupled to the PBLcm chromophore in the process of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light conditions. The involvement of PBLcm in the quenching process was first directly demonstrated by measuring steady-state fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterial cells at different stages of NPQ development. The time required to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the OCP is several times shorter than the time it takes to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the PS II, ensuring quenching efficiency. The data obtained provide an explanation for the different rates of PBS quenching in vivo and in vitro according to the half ratio of OCP/PBS in the cyanobacterial cell, which is tens of times lower than that realized for an effective NPQ process in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Stadnichuk
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, RAS, Botanicheskaya 35, 127726, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Pavel M Krasilnikov
- Biological Faculty of M.V., Lomonosov State University, Lenin Hills 12, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Liu R, Zhen ZH, Li W, Ge B, Qin S. How can Phycobilisome, the unique light harvesting system in certain algae working highly efficiently: The connection in between structures and functions. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 186:39-52. [PMID: 38030044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Algae, which are ubiquitous in ecosystems, have evolved a variety of light-harvesting complexes to better adapt to diverse habitats. Phycobilisomes/phycobiliproteins, unique to cyanobacteria, red algae, and certain cryptomonads, compensate for the lack of chlorophyll absorption, allowing algae to capture and efficiently transfer light energy in aquatic environments. With the advancement of microscopy and spectroscopy, the structure and energy transfer processes of increasingly complex phycobilisomes have been elucidated, providing us with a vivid portrait of the dynamic adaptation of their structures to the light environment in which algae thrive: 1) Cyanobacteria living on the surface of the water use short, small phycobilisomes to absorb red-orange light and reduce the damage from blue-violet light via multiple methods; 2) Large red algae inhabiting the depths of the ocean have evolved long and dense phycobilisomes containing phycoerythrin to capture the feeble blue-green light; 3) In far-red light environments such as caves, algae use special allophycocyanin cores to optimally utilize the far-red light; 4) When the environment shifts, algae can adjust the length, composition and density of their rods to better adapt; 5) By carefully designing the position of the pigments, phycobilisomes can transfer light energy to the reaction center with nearly 100% efficiency via three energy transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhang-He Zhen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (HUADONG), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
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Guo R, Wang S, Niu NN, Xu YL, Zhu JX, Scheer H, Noy D, Zhao KH. Dichromic Allophycocyanin Trimer Covering a Broad Spectral Range (550-660 nm). Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203367. [PMID: 36382427 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phycobilisomes, the light-harvesting complexes of cyanobacteria and red algae, are a resource for photosynthetic, photonic and fluorescence labeling elements. They cover an exceptionally broad spectral range, but the complex superstructure and assembly have been an obstacle. By replacing in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 the biliverdin reductases, we studied the role of chromophores in the assembly of the phycobilisome core. Introduction of the green-absorbing phycoerythrobilin instead of the red-absorbing phycocyanobilin inhibited aggregation. A novel, trimeric allophycocyanin (Dic-APC) was obtained. In the small (110 kDa) unit, the two chromophores, phycoerythrobilin and phytochromobilin, cover a wide spectral range (550 to 660 nm). Due to efficient energy transfer, it provides an efficient artificial light-harvesting element. Dic-APC was generated in vitro by using the contained core-linker, LC , for template-assisted purification and assembly. Labeling the linker provides a method for targeting Dic-APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Nan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Department Biologie I, Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80638, München, Germany
| | - Dror Noy
- MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute S. Industrial Zone, Kiryat Shmona, Israel.,Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Kai-Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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6
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Phycobilisomes and Phycobiliproteins in the Pigment Apparatus of Oxygenic Photosynthetics: From Cyanobacteria to Tertiary Endosymbiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032290. [PMID: 36768613 PMCID: PMC9916406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic photosynthesis originated in the course of evolution as a result of the uptake of some unstored cyanobacterium and its transformation to chloroplasts by an ancestral heterotrophic eukaryotic cell. The pigment apparatus of Archaeplastida and other algal phyla that emerged later turned out to be arranged in the same way. Pigment-protein complexes of photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) are characterized by uniform structures, while the light-harvesting antennae have undergone a series of changes. The phycobilisome (PBS) antenna present in cyanobacteria was replaced by Chl a/b- or Chl a/c-containing pigment-protein complexes in most groups of photosynthetics. In the form of PBS or phycobiliprotein aggregates, it was inherited by members of Cyanophyta, Cryptophyta, red algae, and photosynthetic amoebae. Supramolecular organization and architectural modifications of phycobiliprotein antennae in various algal phyla in line with the endosymbiotic theory of chloroplast origin are the subject of this review.
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Takeue N, Kuroyama A, Hayashi Y, Tanaka K, Imamura S. Autofluorescence-based high-throughput isolation of nonbleaching Cyanidioschyzon merolae strains under nitrogen-depletion. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1036839. [PMID: 36589047 PMCID: PMC9794624 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1036839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms maintain optimum levels of photosynthetic pigments in response to environmental changes to adapt to the conditions. The identification of cyanobacteria strains that alleviate bleaching has revealed genes that regulate levels of phycobilisome, the main light-harvesting complex. In contrast, the mechanisms of pigment degradation in algae remain unclear, as no nonbleaching strains have previously been isolated. To address this issue, this study attempted to isolate nonbleaching strains of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae after exposure to nitrogen (N)-depletion based on autofluorescence information. After four weeks under N-depletion, 13 cells from 500,000 cells with almost identical pre- and post-depletion chlorophyll a (Chl a) and/or phycocyanin autofluorescence intensities were identified. These nonbleaching candidate strains were sorted via a cell sorter, isolated on solid medium, and their post-N-depletion Chl a and phycocyanin levels were analyzed. Chl a levels of these nonbleaching candidate strains were lower at 1-4 weeks of N-depletion similar to the control strains, however, their phycocyanin levels were unchanged. Thus, we successfully isolated nonbleaching C. merolae strains in which phycocyanin was not degraded under N-depletion, via autofluorescence spectroscopy and cell sorting. This versatile method will help to elucidate the mechanisms regulating pigments in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Takeue
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kuroyama
- Product and Business Planning Section, Planning and Marketing Department, Life Science Business Division, Medical Business Group, Sony Corporation, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Hayashi
- Product and Business Planning Section, Planning and Marketing Department, Life Science Business Division, Medical Business Group, Sony Corporation, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kan Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sousuke Imamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Space Environment and Energy Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Kılıç M, Gollan PJ, Lepistö A, Isojärvi J, Sakurai I, Aro E, Mulo P. Gene expression and organization of thylakoid protein complexes in the PSII-less mutant of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e409. [PMID: 35774619 PMCID: PMC9219013 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) are the integral components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain that utilize light to provide chemical energy for CO2 fixation. In this study, we investigated how the deficiency of PSII affects the gene expression, accumulation, and organization of thylakoid protein complexes as well as physiological characteristics of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by combining biochemical, biophysical, and transcriptomic approaches. RNA-seq analysis showed upregulated expression of genes encoding the PSII core proteins, and downregulation of genes associated with interaction between light-harvesting phycobilisomes and PSI. Two-dimensional separation of thylakoid protein complexes confirmed the lack of PSII complexes, yet unassembled PSII subunits were detected. The content of PsaB representing PSI was lower, while the content of cytochrome b6f complexes was higher in the PSII-less strain as compared with control (CS). Application of oxygraph measurements revealed higher rates of dark respiration and lower PSI activity in the mutant. The latter likely resulted from the detected decrease in the accumulation of PSI, PSI monomerization, increased proportion of energetically decoupled phycobilisomes in PSII-less cultures, and low abundance of phycocyanin. Merging the functional consequences of PSII depletion with differential protein and transcript accumulation in the mutant, in comparison to CS, identified signal transduction from the photosynthetic apparatus to the genome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kılıç
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Peter J. Gollan
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Anniina Lepistö
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Janne Isojärvi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Present address:
Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Isamu Sakurai
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Eva‐Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
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9
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Wilson A, Muzzopappa F, Kirilovsky D. Elucidation of the essential amino acids involved in the binding of the cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein to the phycobilisome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148504. [PMID: 34619092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a soluble photoactive protein involved in cyanobacterial photoprotection. It is formed by the N-terminal domain (NTD) and C-terminal (CTD) domain, which establish interactions in the orange inactive form and share a ketocarotenoid molecule. Upon exposure to intense blue light, the carotenoid molecule migrates into the NTD and the domains undergo separation. The free NTD can then interact with the phycobilisome (PBS), the extramembrane cyanobacterial antenna, and induces thermal dissipation of excess absorbed excitation energy. The OCP and PBS amino acids involved in their interactions remain undetermined. To identify the OCP amino acids essential for this interaction, we constructed several OCP mutants (23) with modified amino acids located on different NTD surfaces. We demonstrated that only the NTD surface that establishes interactions with the CTD in orange OCP is involved in the binding of OCP to PBS. All amino acids surrounding the carotenoid β1 ring in the OCPR-NTD (L51, P56, G57, N104, I151, R155, N156) are important for binding OCP to PBS. Additionally, modification of the amino acids influences OCP photoactivation and/or recovery rates, indicating that they are also involved in the translocation of the carotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjélé Wilson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Fernando Muzzopappa
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
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10
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Protasova EA, Antal TK, Zlenko DV, Elanskaya IV, Lukashev EP, Friedrich T, Mironov KS, Sluchanko NN, Ge B, Qin S, Maksimov EG. State of the phycobilisome determines effective absorption cross-section of Photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148494. [PMID: 34534546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Quenching of excess excitation energy is necessary for the photoprotection of light-harvesting complexes. In cyanobacteria, quenching of phycobilisome (PBS) excitation energy is induced by the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP), which becomes photoactivated under high light conditions. A decrease in energy transfer efficiency from the PBSs to the reaction centers decreases photosystem II (PS II) activity. However, quantitative analysis of OCP-induced photoprotection in vivo is complicated by similar effects of both photochemical and non-photochemical quenching on the quantum yield of the PBS fluorescence overlapping with the emission of chlorophyll. In the present study, we have analyzed chlorophyll a fluorescence induction to estimate the effective cross-section of PS II and compared the effects of reversible OCP-dependent quenching of PBS fluorescence with reduction of PBS content upon nitrogen starvation or mutations of key PBS components. This approach allowed us to estimate the dependency of the rate constant of PS II primary electron acceptor reduction on the amount of PBSs in the cell. We found that OCP-dependent quenching triggered by blue light affects approximately half of PBSs coupled to PS II, indicating that under normal conditions, the concentration of OCP is not sufficient for quenching of all PBSs coupled to PS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Protasova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Taras K Antal
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Zlenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina V Elanskaya
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny P Lukashev
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirill S Mironov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Song Qin
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, PR China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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11
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Niu NN, Lu L, Peng PP, Fu ZJ, Miao D, Zhou M, Noy D, Zhao KH. The phycobilisome core-membrane linkers from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and red-algae assemble in the same topology. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1420-1431. [PMID: 34171163 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phycobilisomes (PBSs) of cyanobacteria and red-algae are unique megadaltons light-harvesting protein-pigment complexes that utilize bilin derivatives for light absorption and energy transfer. Recently, the high-resolution molecular structures of red-algal PBSs revealed how the multi-domain core-membrane linker (LCM ) specifically organizes the allophycocyanin subunits in the PBS's core. But, the topology of LCM in these structures was different than that suggested for cyanobacterial PBSs based on lower-resolution structures. Particularly, the model for cyanobacteria assumed that the Arm2 domain of LCM connects the two basal allophycocyanin cylinders, whereas the red-algal PBS structures revealed that Arm2 is partly buried in the core of one basal cylinder and connects it to the top cylinder. Here, we show by biochemical analysis of mutations in the apcE gene that encodes LCM , that the cyanobacterial and red-algal LCM topologies are actually the same. We found that removing the top cylinder linker domain in LCM splits the PBS core longitudinally into two separate basal cylinders. Deleting either all or part of the helix-loop-helix domain at the N-terminal end of Arm2, disassembled the basal cylinders and resulted in degradation of the part containing the terminal emitter, ApcD. Deleting the following 30 amino-acids loop severely affected the assembly of the basal cylinders, but further deletion of the amino-acids at the C-terminal half of Arm2 had only minor effects on this assembly. Altogether, the biochemical data are consistent with the red-algal LCM topology, suggesting that the PBS cores in cyanobacteria and red-algae assemble in the same way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Pan-Pan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Juan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Dan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Dror Noy
- MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, S. Industrial Zone, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Kai-Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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12
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Puzorjov A, Dunn KE, McCormick AJ. Production of thermostable phycocyanin in a mesophilic cyanobacterium. Metab Eng Commun 2021; 13:e00175. [PMID: 34168957 PMCID: PMC8209669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2021.e00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin (PC) is a soluble phycobiliprotein found within the light-harvesting phycobilisome complex of cyanobacteria and red algae, and is considered a high-value product due to its brilliant blue colour and fluorescent properties. However, commercially available PC has a relatively low temperature stability. Thermophilic species produce more thermostable variants of PC, but are challenging and energetically expensive to cultivate. Here, we show that the PC operon from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 (cpcBACD) is functional in the mesophile Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Expression of cpcBACD in an 'Olive' mutant strain of Synechocystis lacking endogenous PC resulted in high yields of thermostable PC (112 ± 1 mg g-1 DW) comparable to that of endogenous PC in wild-type cells. Heterologous PC also improved the growth of the Olive mutant, which was further supported by evidence of a functional interaction with the endogenous allophycocyanin core of the phycobilisome complex. The thermostability properties of the heterologous PC were comparable to those of PC from T. elongatus, and could be purified from the Olive mutant using a low-cost heat treatment method. Finally, we developed a scalable model to calculate the energetic benefits of producing PC from T. elongatus in Synechocystis cultures. Our model showed that the higher yields and lower cultivation temperatures of Synechocystis resulted in a 3.5-fold increase in energy efficiency compared to T. elongatus, indicating that producing thermostable PC in non-native hosts is a cost-effective strategy for scaling to commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Puzorjov
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Katherine E Dunn
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Alistair J McCormick
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
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13
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Deficiency in flavodiiron protein Flv3 promotes cyclic electron flow and state transition under high light in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148318. [PMID: 32979345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms adjust their activity to changes in irradiance by different ways, including the operation of cyclic electron flow around photosystem I (PSI) and state transitions that redistribute amounts of light energy absorbed by PSI and PSII. In dark-acclimated wild type cells of Synechocystis PCC 6803, linear electron transport was activated after the first 500 ms of illumination, while cyclic electron flow around PSI was long predominant in the mutant deficient in flavodiiron protein Flv3. Chlorophyll P700 oxidation associated with activation of linear electron flow extended in the Flv3- mutant to several tens of seconds and included a P700+ re-reduction phase. Parallel monitoring of chlorophyll fluorescence and the redox state of P700 indicated that, at low light intensity both in wild type and in the Flv3- mutant, the transient re-reduction step coincided in time with S-M fluorescence rise, which reflected state 2-state 1 transition (Kaňa et al., 2012). Despite variations in the initial redox state of plastoquinone pool, the oxidases-deficient mutant, succinate dehydrogenase-deficient mutant, and wild type cells did not show the S-M rise under high-intensity light until additional Flv3- mutation was introduced in these strains. Thus, the lack of available electron acceptor for PSI was the main cause for the appearance of S-M fluorescence rise under high light. It is concluded that the lack of Flv3 protein promotes cyclic electron flow around PSI and facilitates the subsequent state 2-state 1 transition in the absence of strict relation to the dark-operated pathways of plastoquinone reduction or oxidation.
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14
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Sineshchekov VA, Bekasova OD. Two Distinct Photoprocesses in Cyanobacterial Bilin Pigments: Energy Migration in Light‐Harvesting Phycobiliproteins versus Photoisomerization in Phytochromes. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:750-767. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1111/php.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, respiration and photoperception are connected with the appearance of cyanobacteria. The key compounds, which are involved in these processes, are tetrapyrroles: open chain — bilins and cyclic — chlorophylls and heme. The latter are characterized by their covalent bond with the apoprotein resulting in the formation of biliproteins. This type of photoreceptors is unique in that it can perform important and opposite functions—light‐harvesting in photosynthesis with the participation of phycobiliproteins and photoperception mediated by phycochromes and phytochromes. In this review, cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins and phytochrome Cph1 are considered from a comparative point of view. Structural features of these pigments, which provide their contrasting photophysical and photochemical characteristics, are analyzed. The determining factor in the case of energy migration with the participation of phycobiliproteins is blocking the torsional relaxations of the chromophore, its D‐ring, in the excited state and their freedom, in the case of phytochrome photoisomerization. From the energetics point of view, this distinction is preconditioned by the height of the activation barrier for the photoreaction and relaxation in the excited state, which depends on the degree of the chromophore fixation by its protein surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga D. Bekasova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Centre Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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15
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Puzorjov A, McCormick AJ. Phycobiliproteins from extreme environments and their potential applications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3827-3842. [PMID: 32188986 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The light-harvesting phycobilisome complex is an important component of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and red algae. Phycobilisomes are composed of phycobiliproteins, including the blue phycobiliprotein phycocyanin, that are considered high-value products with applications in several industries. Remarkably, several cyanobacteria and red algal species retain the capacity to harvest light and photosynthesise under highly selective environments such as hot springs, and flourish in extremes of pH and elevated temperatures. These thermophilic organisms produce thermostable phycobiliproteins, which have superior qualities much needed for wider adoption of these natural pigment-proteins in the food, textile, and other industries. Here we review the available literature on the thermostability of phycobilisome components from thermophilic species and discuss how a better appreciation of phycobiliproteins from extreme environments will benefit our fundamental understanding of photosynthetic adaptation and could provide a sustainable resource for several industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Puzorjov
- SynthSys and Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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16
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Muzzopappa F, Kirilovsky D. Changing Color for Photoprotection: The Orange Carotenoid Protein. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:92-104. [PMID: 31679992 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Under high irradiance, light becomes dangerous for photosynthetic organisms and they must protect themselves. Cyanobacteria have developed a simple mechanism, involving a photoactive soluble carotenoid protein, the orange carotenoid protein (OCP), which increases thermal dissipation of excess energy by interacting with the cyanobacterial antenna, the phycobilisome. Here, we summarize our knowledge of the OCP-related photoprotective mechanism, including the remarkable progress that has been achieved in recent years on OCP photoactivation and interaction with phycobilisomes, as well as with the fluorescence recovery protein, which is necessary to end photoprotection. A recently discovered unique mechanism of carotenoid transfer between soluble proteins related to OCP is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Muzzopappa
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
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17
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Sineshchekov VA, Bekasova OD. Two Distinct Photoprocesses in Cyanobacterial Bilin Pigments: Energy Migration in Light-Harvesting Phycobiliproteins versus Photoisomerization in Phytochromes. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 96:750-767. [PMID: 31869438 DOI: 10.1111/php.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, respiration and photoperception are connected with the appearance of cyanobacteria. The key compounds, which are involved in these processes, are tetrapyrroles: open chain - bilins and cyclic - chlorophylls and heme. The latter are characterized by their covalent bond with the apoprotein resulting in the formation of biliproteins. This type of photoreceptors is unique in that it can perform important and opposite functions-light-harvesting in photosynthesis with the participation of phycobiliproteins and photoperception mediated by phycochromes and phytochromes. In this review, cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins and phytochrome Cph1 are considered from a comparative point of view. Structural features of these pigments, which provide their contrasting photophysical and photochemical characteristics, are analyzed. The determining factor in the case of energy migration with the participation of phycobiliproteins is blocking the torsional relaxations of the chromophore, its D-ring, in the excited state and their freedom, in the case of phytochrome photoisomerization. From the energetics point of view, this distinction is preconditioned by the height of the activation barrier for the photoreaction and relaxation in the excited state, which depends on the degree of the chromophore fixation by its protein surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga D Bekasova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Liu H, Blankenship RE. Excitation Energy Transfer in Intact CpcL-Phycobilisomes from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4695-4704. [PMID: 31042029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work highlights spectroscopic studies performed on a CpcL-phycobilisome (CpcL-PBS) light-harvesting complex from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 ΔAB strain. The CpcL-PBS antenna has the form of a single rod made up exclusively of phycocyanins (PCs), a structure that is much simpler compared to the better known and broadly studied CpcG-PBS that consists of a cylindrical core with a set of protruding PC rods. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence studies demonstrated that the CpcL-PBS antenna comprises two spectral forms of phycocyanobilin (PCB), one emitting at 650 nm and a second emitting at 670 nm. The latter one presumably serves as the so-called terminal energy emitter without allophycocyanin. Studies of excitation energy migration between those two PCB forms demonstrated that even small buffer alterations, commonly applied by spectroscopists to tweak buffers to be more friendly for a certain type of spectroscopy, may lead to very different experimental outcomes and, in consequence, to differences in models of excitation migration pathway in this antenna complex.
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19
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Zlenko DV, Elanskaya IV, Lukashev EP, Bolychevtseva YV, Suzina NE, Pojidaeva ES, Kononova IA, Loktyushkin AV, Stadnichuk IN. Role of the PB-loop in ApcE and phycobilisome core function in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:155-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Bar-Zvi S, Lahav A, Harris D, Niedzwiedzki DM, Blankenship RE, Adir N. Structural heterogeneity leads to functional homogeneity in A. marina phycocyanin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:544-553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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