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Sodnom-Ish B, Eo MY, Cho YJ, Seo MH, Yang HC, Kim MK, Myoung H, Lee SK, Kim SM. Identification of biological components for sialolith formation organized in circular multi-layers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12277. [PMID: 37507401 PMCID: PMC10382579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37462-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the previous studies of sialolithiasis reported so far, this study is aimed to identify the biological components of sialolith, which show different ultrastructures and chemical compositions from other stones, cholelith and urolith. Twenty-two specimens obtained from 20 patients were examined histologically, and analyzed with micro-CT, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All sialoliths (n = 22) observed in this study showed a central nidus, which was filled with organoid matrix admixed with exosome vesicles, loose calcium apatite crystals, and many bacteria. The micro-CT and SEM observation clearly defined a single or multiple central nidus(es) encircled by highly calcified compact zone. The circular compact zone showed a band-like calcification, about 1-3 mm in thickness, and usually located between the central nidus and the peripheral multilayer zone. But some sialoliths (n = 5) showed severe erosion of compact zone by expanding multilayered zone depending on the level of calcification and inflammation in sialolith. By observing TEM images, many exosome vesicles and degraded cytoplasmic organelles were found in the central nidus, and some epithelial cells were also found in the calcified matrix of peripheral multilayer zone. Particularly, EDS analysis indicated the highest Ca/P ratio in the intermediate compact zone (1.77), and followed by the central nidus area (1.39) and the peripheral multilayer zone (0.87). Taken together, these data suggest that the central nidus containing many inflammatory exosomes and degraded cytoplasmic organelles has a potential to induce a band-like calcification of compact zone, and followed by the additional multilayer deposition of exfoliated salivary epithelial cells as well as salivary materials. Thereby, the calcium apatite-based sialolith is gradually growing in its volume size, and eventually obstructs the salivary flow and provides a site for the bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Eo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Cho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Cheol Yang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Keun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Hoon Myoung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Keun Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea.
| | - Soung Min Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Uhlig R, Bröker N, Weidemann S, Gorbokon N, Menz A, Büscheck F, Luebke AM, Putri D, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Hinsch A, Lennartz M, Reiswich V, Höflmayer D, Fraune C, Möller K, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Sauter G, Minner S, Steurer S, Burandt E, Krech R, Dum D, Marx A, Simon R, Krech T, Clauditz TS, Jacobsen F. CELA3B immunostaining is a highly specific marker for acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287528. [PMID: 37379306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 3B (CELA3B, elastase-3B) is a pancreatic enzyme with digestive function in the intestine. Since RNA analyses of normal tissues suggest that CELA3B expression is limited to the pancreas, the potential diagnostic utility of CELA3B immunohistochemistry for the distinction of pancreatic from extrapancreatic cancers and in the distinction of acinar cell carcinoma from ductal adenocarcinoma was assessed. CELA3B expression was successfully analyzed in 13,223 tumor samples from 132 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 8 samples each of 76 different normal tissue types by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format (TMA). In normal tissues, CELA3B immunostaining was only seen in acinar cells and in a fraction of ductal cells of the pancreas as well as on some apical membranes of surface epithelial cells of the intestine. Among tumors, CELA3B immunostaining was seen in 12 of 16 (75%) acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas including 6 cases with strong staining (37.5%) as well as in 5 of 13,207 other tumors (0.04%). These included 1.2% of 91 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 1.2% of 246 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 0.8% of 127 acinic cell carcinomas of salivary glands. Our data show a good sensitivity (75%) and a high specificity (99.9%) of CELA3B immunohistochemistry for diagnosing acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nina Bröker
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Devita Putri
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viktor Reiswich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Krech
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Suzuki A, Iwaya C, Ogata K, Yoshioka H, Shim J, Tanida I, Komatsu M, Tada N, Iwata J. Impaired GATE16-mediated exocytosis in exocrine tissues causes Sjögren's syndrome-like exocrinopathy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:307. [PMID: 35593968 PMCID: PMC11071900 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell infiltration of the exocrine glands, mainly the salivary and lacrimal glands. Despite recent advances in the clinical and mechanistic characterization of the disease, its etiology remains largely unknown. Here, we report that mice with a deficiency for either Atg7 or Atg3, which are enzymes involved in the ubiquitin modification pathway, in the salivary glands exhibit a SjS-like phenotype, characterized by immune cell infiltration with autoantibody detection, acinar cell death, and dry mouth. Prior to the onset of the SjS-like phenotype in these null mice, we detected an accumulation of secretory vesicles in the acinar cells of the salivary glands and found that GATE16, an uncharacterized autophagy-related molecule activated by ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) and ATG3 (E2-like enzyme), was highly expressed in these cells. Notably, GATE16 was activated by isoproterenol, an exocytosis inducer, and localized on the secretory vesicles in the acinar cells of the salivary glands. Failure to activate GATE16 was correlated with exocytosis defects in the acinar cells of the salivary glands in Atg7 and Atg3 cKO mice. Taken together, our results show that GATE16 activation regulated by the autophagic machinery is crucial for exocytosis and that defects in this pathway cause SjS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Chihiro Iwaya
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Kenichi Ogata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Junbo Shim
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Isei Tanida
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Department of Organ and Cell Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tada
- Division of Genome Research, Research Institute for Diseases of Old Ages, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
- Pediatric Research Center, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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4
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Arévalo‐Flechas LC, Flores B“P, Wang H, Liang H, Li Y, Gelfond J, Espinoza S, Lewis SL, Musi N, Yeh C. Stress‐Busting Program for Family Caregivers: Validation of the Spanish version using biomarkers and quality‐of‐life measures. Res Nurs Health 2022; 45:205-217. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyda C. Arévalo‐Flechas
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Bertha “Penny” Flores
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
- School of Nursing The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Hanzhou Wang
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Hanyu Liang
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Yan Li
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Long School of Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Sara Espinoza
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Sharon L. Lewis
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Chih‐Ko Yeh
- Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy Division South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio Texas USA
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
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5
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Fouani M, Basset CA, Jurjus AR, Leone LG, Tomasello G, Leone A. Salivary gland proteins alterations in the diabetic milieu. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:893-904. [PMID: 34212290 PMCID: PMC8487876 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Salivary glands are considered the chief exocrine glands of the mouth and physiologically contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the oral cavity. They consist of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, which come in pairs and are collectively called the major glands, and the minor glands, which are much smaller and are dispersed throughout the buccal cavity. Salivary glands are distinguished by their size, amount of saliva secretion and their location in the oral cavity. Salivary glands pathophysiology has been a subject of interest in various worldwide metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health concern, with a pathological imprint involved in vasculature, promotes microvascular and macrovascular complications among which periodontitis ranks sixth. Indeed, DM has also been directly associated with oral health lesions. Specifically, salivary glands in the context of diabetes have been a focal point of study and emphasis in the research field. There is evidence that relates salivary secretion content and diabetes progression. In this review, we present all the reported evidence of the deregulation of specific salivary proteins associated with the progression of diabetes in parallel with changes in salivary gland morphology, cellular architecture, and salivary secretion and composition more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Fouani
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Charbel A Basset
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Abdo R Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Giovanni Tomasello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Biobanks-A Platform for Scientific and Biomedical Research. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10070485. [PMID: 32708805 PMCID: PMC7400532 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomedical science requires the creation of biological material collections that allow for the search and discovery of biomarkers for pathological conditions, the identification of new therapeutic targets, and the validation of these findings in samples from patients and healthy people. Over the past decades, the importance and need for biobanks have increased considerably. Large national and international biorepositories have replaced small collections of biological samples. The aim of this work is to provide a basic understanding of biobanks and an overview of how biobanks have become essential structures in modern biomedical research.
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Sato T, Mito K, Ishii H. Relationship between impaired parasympathetic vasodilation and hyposalivation in parotid glands associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R940-R949. [PMID: 32209022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00016.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We examined the relationship between hemodynamics in the three major salivary glands and salivary secretion in urethane-anesthetized and sympathectomized type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic rats via laser speckle imaging and by collecting the saliva. Lingual nerve stimulation elicited rapid increases in glandular blood flow and induced salivary secretion from the three glands in both diabetic and nondiabetic rats. In the parotid gland, the magnitude of blood flow increase and salivary secretion was significantly lower in the diabetic rats when compared with the nondiabetic rats; however, this was not observed in the other glands. Although the intravenous administration of acetylcholine increased blood flow in the parotid gland in a dose-dependent manner, the response was significantly lower in the diabetic rats when compared with the nondiabetic rats. Similarly, mRNA expression levels of M1 and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the parotid gland were relatively lower in the diabetic rats compared with the nondiabetic rats. Our results indicate that type 2 diabetes impairs parasympathetic vasodilation and salivary secretion in the parotid gland and suggest that disturbances in the cholinergic vasodilator pathway may contribute to the underlying mechanisms involved in the disruption of parasympathetic nerve-mediated glandular vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Sato
- Division of Physiology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kohei Mito
- Division of Physiology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Ishii
- Division of Physiology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
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Cohen Atsmoni S, Brener A, Roth Y. Diabetes in the practice of otolaryngology. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1141-1150. [PMID: 31336457 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The hyperglycemic milieu leads to endothelial injury in blood vessels of variant size, which results in microangiopathy and macroangiopathy (atherosclerosis). Consequential ischemia of nerves and hyperglycemia by itself lead to nerve degeneration and generalized neuropathy, affecting most often the sensory peripheral nerves and the autonomic nervous system. Auditory, vestibular and olfactory sensorium may be compromised by DM. People with DM have an increased susceptibility to infection, as a result of neutrophil dysfunction and impaired humoral immunity. Therefore DM predisposes to certain infectious diseases, such as fungal sinusitis or malignant otitis externa, which are rare in general population. Recovery from infections or from injuries may be compromised by coexisting DM. In this review we discuss complications of DM in the head and neck region. Otolaryngologists and general practitioners should be alert to specific conditions related to DM and be minded of the relevant complications and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smadar Cohen Atsmoni
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Edith Wolsfon Medical Center, Holon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Avivit Brener
- Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yehudah Roth
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Edith Wolsfon Medical Center, Holon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Suzuki A, Iwata J. Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Exocytosis in the Salivary Glands. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3208. [PMID: 30336591 PMCID: PMC6214078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every day, salivary glands produce about 0.5 to 1.5 L of saliva, which contains salivary proteins that are essential for oral health. The contents of saliva, 0.3% proteins (1.5 to 4.5 g) in fluid, help prevent oral infections, provide lubrication, aid digestion, and maintain oral health. Acinar cells in the lobular salivary glands secrete prepackaged secretory granules that contain salivary components such as amylase, mucins, and immunoglobulins. Despite the important physiological functions of salivary proteins, we know very little about the regulatory mechanisms of their secretion via exocytosis, which is a process essential for the secretion of functional proteins, not only in salivary glands, but also in other secretory organs, including lacrimal and mammary glands, the pancreas, and prostate. In this review, we discuss recent findings that elucidate exocytosis by exocrine glands, especially focusing on the salivary glands, in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Program of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Bhattarai KR, Junjappa R, Handigund M, Kim HR, Chae HJ. The imprint of salivary secretion in autoimmune disorders and related pathological conditions. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:376-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Correlation of Salivary Statherin and Calcium Levels with Dental Calculus Formation: A Preliminary Study. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:2857629. [PMID: 28572822 PMCID: PMC5442335 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2857629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salivary constituents have a wide range of functions including oral calcium homeostasis. Salivary proteins such as statherin inhibit crystal growth of calcium phosphate in supersaturated solutions and interact with several oral bacteria to adsorb on hydroxyapatite. Concurrently, saliva, which is supersaturated with respect to calcium phosphates, is the driving force for plaque mineralization and formation of calculus. Thus, the aim of the present study was to estimate and correlate salivary statherin and calcium concentration to the dental calculus formation. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the relationship between salivary statherin, calcium, and dental calculus among 70 subjects, aged 20–55 years. Subjects were divided into 3 groups based on the calculus scores as interpreted by Calculus Index which was followed by collection of whole saliva using Super•SAL™. Salivary calcium levels were assessed by calorimetric method using Calcium Assay kit (Cayman Chemical, Michigan, USA) and statherin levels by using ELISA Kit (Cusabio Biotech). Results Statherin levels showed a weak negative correlation with the calcium levels and with calculus formation. The mean salivary statherin and calcium concentration were found to be 0.96 μg/ml and 3.87 mg/ml, respectively. Salivary statherin levels differed significantly among the three groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our preliminary data indicates that statherin could possibly play a role in the formation of dental calculus.
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12
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Is salivary gland function altered in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity–insulin resistance? Arch Oral Biol 2016; 64:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Mohamadkhani A, Poustchi H. Repository of Human Blood Derivative Biospecimens in Biobank: Technical Implications. Middle East J Dig Dis 2015; 7:61-8. [PMID: 26106464 PMCID: PMC4430793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human biorepositories are collection of biological samples and health information from a large number of participants generally in the cohort studies. The main purpose of established biobanks is organization of biomedical research for upgrading the knowledge of human disorders from cancer to infectious and rare disease. The studies of generation relationships and understanding the preclinical stages of ageing are also from the solution of bitobank. This review overview the significance and storage condition of biospecimens including whole blood, red blood cells (RBC), buffy coat, plasma, serum, DNA and RNA that derived from blood in human biobanks. These biological samples provide valuable information on the prevalence of germline mutations, epigenetic modifications or interaction between genes and proteins in associated with the development of certain types of disease. The quality of biospecimen in biobanks is a powerful tool for valid identification of biomarkers. Therefore optimum qualities of human biological samples in long time storage that have been assessed in several studies also indicate in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Mohamadkhani
- 1 Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- 1 Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
, Corresponding Author: Hossein Poustchi, MD-PhD Shariati Hospital, North Amirabad Ave., Tehran 14117, Iran Tel: + 98 21 82415204 Fax: +98 21 82415400
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