1
|
Tluli O, Al-Maadhadi M, Al-Khulaifi AA, Akomolafe AF, Al-Kuwari SY, Al-Khayarin R, Maccalli C, Pedersen S. Exploring the Role of microRNAs in Glioma Progression, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4213. [PMID: 37686489 PMCID: PMC10486509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, which arise from glial cells in the brain, remain a significant challenge due to their location and resistance to traditional treatments. Despite research efforts and advancements in healthcare, the incidence of gliomas has risen dramatically over the past two decades. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has prompted the creation of therapeutic agents that specially target them. However, it has been reported that they are involved in complex signaling pathways that contribute to the loss of expression of tumor suppressor genes and the upregulation of the expression of oncogenes. In addition, numerous miRNAs promote the development, progression, and recurrence of gliomas by targeting crucial proteins and enzymes involved in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. However, the complex interplay among these pathways along with other obstacles hinders the ability to apply miRNA targeting in clinical practice. This highlights the importance of identifying specific miRNAs to be targeted for therapy and having a complete understanding of the diverse pathways they are involved in. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the role of miRNAs in the progression and prognosis of gliomas, emphasizing the different pathways involved and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Tluli
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | - Mazyona Al-Maadhadi
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | - Aisha Abdulla Al-Khulaifi
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | - Aishat F. Akomolafe
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | - Shaikha Y. Al-Kuwari
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | - Roudha Al-Khayarin
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| | | | - Shona Pedersen
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (O.T.); (M.A.-M.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.F.A.); (R.A.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang CJ, Choo KB. Circular RNA- and microRNA-Mediated Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Preadipocyte Differentiation in Adipogenesis: From Expression Profiling to Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054549. [PMID: 36901978 PMCID: PMC10002489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is an indispensable cellular process that involves preadipocyte differentiation into mature adipocyte. Dysregulated adipogenesis contributes to obesity, diabetes, vascular conditions and cancer-associated cachexia. This review aims to elucidate the mechanistic details on how circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) modulate post-transcriptional expression of targeted mRNA and the impacted downstream signaling and biochemical pathways in adipogenesis. Twelve adipocyte circRNA profiling and comparative datasets from seven species are analyzed using bioinformatics tools and interrogations of public circRNA databases. Twenty-three circRNAs are identified in the literature that are common to two or more of the adipose tissue datasets in different species; these are novel circRNAs that have not been reported in the literature in relation to adipogenesis. Four complete circRNA-miRNA-mediated modulatory pathways are constructed via integration of experimentally validated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions and the downstream signaling and biochemical pathways involved in preadipocyte differentiation via the PPARγ/C/EBPα gateway. Despite the diverse mode of modulation, bioinformatics analysis shows that the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interacting seed sequences are conserved across species, supporting mandatory regulatory functions in adipogenesis. Understanding the diverse modes of post-transcriptional regulation of adipogenesis may contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for adipogenesis-associated diseases and in improving meat quality in the livestock industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Jung Huang
- Department of Animal Science & Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Chinese Culture University, 11114 Taipei, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-J.H.); (K.B.C.)
| | - Kong Bung Choo
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, M Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (C.-J.H.); (K.B.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Dong P, Gassler N, Taheri M, Baniahmad A, Dilmaghani NA. A review on the role of cyclin dependent kinases in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 36266723 PMCID: PMC9583502 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) class of serine/threonine kinases has crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle transition and is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. The expression of CDKs is controlled by a complex regulatory network comprised of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, which are dysregulated during the progression of cancer. The abnormal activation of CDKs results in uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation and the induction of cancer stem cell characteristics. The levels of CDKs can be utilized to predict the prognosis and treatment response of cancer patients, and further understanding of the function and underlying mechanisms of CDKs in human tumors would pave the way for future cancer therapies that effectively target CDKs. Defects in the regulation of cell cycle and mutations in the genes coding cell-cycle regulatory proteins lead to unrestrained proliferation of cells leading to formation of tumors. A number of treatment modalities have been designed to combat dysregulation of cell cycle through affecting expression or activity of CDKs. However, effective application of these methods in the clinical settings requires recognition of the role of CDKs in the progression of each type of cancer, their partners, their interactions with signaling pathways and the effects of suppression of these kinases on malignant features. Thus, we designed this literature search to summarize these findings at cellular level, as well as in vivo and clinical levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Section of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nader Akbari Dilmaghani
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang J, Zheng L, Sun Z, Li J. CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:128. [PMID: 36043521 PMCID: PMC9448295 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence rate of breast cancer has increased year by year, and it has become a major threat to the health of women globally. Among all breast cancer subtypes, the hormone receptor (HR)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)− luminal subtype breast cancer is the most common form of breast cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, the hotspots in the field of targeted therapy for breast cancer, have proved to exhibit a good effect on patients with HR+/HER2− breast cancer in a number of clinical trials, but the problem of drug resistance is inevitable. At present, three specific CDK4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib) have been approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration for the first-line treatment of HR+/HER2− breast cancer. The drug resistance mechanisms of CDK4/6 inhibitors can be divided into cell cycle-specific resistance and cell cycle non-specific resistance. With the discovery of the drug resistance mechanism of CDK4/6 inhibitors, various targeted strategies have been proposed. The present review mainly discusses the mechanism of CDK4/6 inhibitors, drug resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies after resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A rationally identified panel of microRNAs targets multiple oncogenic pathways to enhance chemotherapeutic effects in glioblastoma models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12017. [PMID: 35835978 PMCID: PMC9283442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. Available treatments have limited success because most patients develop chemoresistance. Alternative strategies are required to improve anticancer effects of current chemotherapeutics while limiting resistance. Successful targeting of microRNAs (miRNAs) as regulators of gene expression can help reprogram GBM cells to better respond to chemotherapy. We aimed to identify a panel of miRNAs that target multiple oncogenic pathways to improve GBM therapy. We first identified differentially expressed miRNAs and tested if their target genes play central roles in GBM signaling pathways by analyzing data in the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. We then studied the effects of different combinations of these miRNAs in GBM cells by delivering synthetic miRNAs using clinically compatible PLGA-PEG nanoparticles prior to treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) or doxorubicin (DOX). The successful miRNA panel was tested in mice bearing U87-MG cells co-treated with TMZ. We identified a panel of five miRNAs (miRNA-138, miRNA-139, miRNA-218, miRNA-490, and miRNA-21) and their oncogenic targets (CDK6, ZEB1, STAT3, TGIF2, and SMAD7) that cover four different signaling pathways (cell proliferation and apoptotic signaling, invasion and metastasis, cytokine signaling, and stemness) in GBM. We observed significant in vitro and in vivo enhancement of therapeutic efficiency of TMZ and DOX in GBM models. The proposed combination therapy using rationally selected miRNAs and chemotherapeutic drugs is effective owing to the ability of this specific miRNA panel to better target multiple genes associated with the hallmarks of cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
MicroRNA-138-5p Targets Pro-Apoptotic Factors and Favors Neural Cell Survival: Analysis in the Injured Spinal Cord. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071559. [PMID: 35884864 PMCID: PMC9312482 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system microRNA miR-138-5p has attracted much attention in cancer research because it inhibits pro-apoptotic genes including CASP3. We hypothesize that miR-138-5p downregulation after SCI leads to overexpression of pro-apoptotic genes, sensitizing neural cells to noxious stimuli. This study aimed to identify miR-138-5p targets among pro-apoptotic genes overexpressed following SCI and to confirm that miR-138-5p modulates cell death in neural cells. Gene expression and histological analyses revealed that the drop in miR-138-5p expression after SCI is due to the massive loss of neurons and oligodendrocytes and its downregulation in neurons. Computational analyses identified 176 potential targets of miR-138-5p becoming dysregulated after SCI, including apoptotic proteins CASP-3 and CASP-7, and BAK. Reporter, RT-qPCR, and immunoblot assays in neural cell cultures confirmed that miR-138-5p targets their 3′UTRs, reduces their expression and the enzymatic activity of CASP-3 and CASP-7, and protects cells from apoptotic stimuli. Subsequent RT-qPCR and histological analyses in a rat model of SCI revealed that miR-138-5p downregulation correlates with the overexpression of its pro-apoptotic targets. Our results suggest that the downregulation of miR-138-5p after SCI may have deleterious effects on neural cells, particularly on spinal neurons.
Collapse
|
7
|
Setlai BP, Hull R, Reis RM, Agbor C, Ambele MA, Mulaudzi TV, Dlamini Z. MicroRNA Interrelated Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Glioblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020244. [PMID: 35205289 PMCID: PMC8872331 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that are 20–23 nucleotides in length, functioning as regulators of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. They are molecular modulators that regulate gene expression by suppressing gene translation through gene silencing/degradation, or by promoting translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Circulating miRNAs have attracted attention as possible prognostic markers of cancer, which could aid in the early detection of the disease. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in tumorigenic processes, primarily by promoting tumor invasiveness and metastatic activity; this is a process that could be manipulated to halt or prevent brain metastasis. Studies show that miRNAs influence the function of EMT in glioblastomas. Thus, miRNA-related EMT can be exploited as a potential therapeutic target in glioblastomas. This review points out the interrelation between miRNA and EMT signatures, and how they can be used as reliable molecular signatures for diagnostic purposes or targeted therapy in glioblastomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Botle Precious Setlai
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cyril Agbor
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 1266, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Desi N, Teh V, Tong QY, Lim CY, Tabatabaeian H, Chew XH, Sanchez-Mejias A, Chan JJ, Zhang B, Pitcheshwar P, Siew BE, Wang S, Lee KC, Chong CS, Cheong WK, Lieske B, Tan IJW, Tan KK, Tay Y. MiR-138 is a potent regulator of the heterogenous MYC transcript population in cancers. Oncogene 2022; 41:1178-1189. [PMID: 34937878 PMCID: PMC8856960 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
3'UTR shortening in cancer has been shown to activate oncogenes, partly through the loss of microRNA-mediated repression. This suggests that many reported microRNA-oncogene target interactions may not be present in cancer cells. One of the most well-studied oncogenes is the transcription factor MYC, which is overexpressed in more than half of all cancers. MYC overexpression is not always accompanied by underlying genetic aberrations. In this study, we demonstrate that the MYC 3'UTR is shortened in colorectal cancer (CRC). Using unbiased computational and experimental approaches, we identify and validate microRNAs that target the MYC coding region. In particular, we show that miR-138 inhibits MYC expression and suppresses tumor growth of CRC and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. Critically, the intravenous administration of miR-138 significantly impedes MYC-driven tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our results highlight the previously uncharacterized shortening of the MYC 3'UTR in cancer, and identify miR-138 as a potent regulator of the heterogenous MYC transcript population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ng Desi
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597 Singapore
| | - Velda Teh
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Qing Yun Tong
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Chun You Lim
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Hossein Tabatabaeian
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Xiao Hong Chew
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Avencia Sanchez-Mejias
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Present Address: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jia Jia Chan
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Bin Zhang
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Priyankaa Pitcheshwar
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore
| | - Bei-En Siew
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Wang
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kuok-Chung Lee
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon-Seng Chong
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai-Kit Cheong
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bettina Lieske
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Jse-Wei Tan
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ker-Kan Tan
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Colorectal Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Tay
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao D, Wang C, Liu X, Liu N, Zhuang S, Zhang Q, Bao X, Xu S, Zhou X, Meng Q, Li S, Tang L. CircN4bp1 Facilitates Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through Mediating Macrophage Polarization via the miR-138-5p/EZH2 Axis. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:7858746. [PMID: 35002536 PMCID: PMC8739551 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7858746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported the differential circRNA expression patterns of the pulmonary macrophages in sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mice model by microarray analysis. However, their function and hidden molecular mechanism in regulation of macrophage activation and inflammation remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that circN4bp1was overexpressed in PBMC and monocytes, and its expression levels were correlated with a poor prognosis in sepsis induced ARDS patients induced by sepsis. Knockdown of circN4bp1 inhibited the lung injury and improved the long-time survival through blunting the M1 macrophage activation in cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced ARDS mice. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis predicated a circN4bp1/miR-138-5p ceRNA network, which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP). CircN4bp1 affected macrophage differentiation by binding to miR-138-5p, thus regulating the expression of EZH2 in vivo and ex vivo. Lastly, the m6A level of circN4bp1was found to be elevated in ARDS mice; inhibition of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 blocked this response in vitro. Therefore, circN4bp1 can function as a miR-138-5p sponge for the modulation of macrophage polarization through regulation the expression of EZH2 and may serve as a potential target and/or prognostic marker for ARDS patients following sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhao
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chunxue Wang
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiandong Liu
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaowei Bao
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qinshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shao Li
- Department of VIP Clinic, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxian Tang
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
EZH2 as a new therapeutic target in brain tumors: Molecular landscape, therapeutic targeting and future prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112532. [PMID: 34906772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The brain tumor treatment depends on identification of molecular pathways involved in progression and malignancy. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has obtained much attention in recent years in field of cancer therapy due to its aberrant expression and capacity in modulating expression of genes by binding to their promoter and affecting methylation status. The present review focuses on EZH2 signaling in brain tumors including glioma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymomas, medulloblastoma and brain rhabdoid tumors. EZH2 signaling mainly participates in increasing proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. However, in medulloblastoma, EZH2 demonstrates tumor-suppressor activity. Furthermore, EZH2 can regulate response of brain tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Various molecular pathways can function as upstream mediators of EZH2 in brain tumors including lncRNAs and miRNAs. Owing to its enzymatic activity, EZH2 can bind to promoter of target genes to induce methylation and affects their expression. EZH2 can be considered as an independent prognostic factor in brain tumors that its upregulation provides undesirable prognosis. Both anti-tumor agents and gene therapies such as siRNA have been developed for targeting EZH2 in cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liang M, Li Q, Shi S, Tian YN, Feng Y, Yang Y, Dong M, Zhang J, He J. Overexpression of miR-138-5p Sensitizes Taxol-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells through Targeting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021; 86:533-541. [PMID: 34818258 DOI: 10.1159/000518510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, one of the most malignant diseases in female, is associated with poor diagnosis and low 5-year survival rate. Taxol is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer by targeting the microtubules of the mitotic spindle to induce cancer cell death. However, with the widespread clinical applications of Taxol, a large fraction of ovarian cancer patients developed drug resistance. RESULTS Here, we report miR-138-5p is significantly downregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues compared with their matched normal ovarian tissues. Overexpression of miR-138-5p effectively sensitized ovarian cancer cells to Taxol. By establishing Taxol-resistant cell line from the epithelial ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910, we found miR-138-5p was significantly downregulated in Taxol-resistant cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-138-5p dramatically overcame the chemoresistance of Taxol-resistant cells. Intriguingly, bioinformatic analysis indicated miR-138-5p had putative binding sites for cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). This negative regulation was further verified from epithelial ovarian cancer tissues. Luciferase assay demonstrated miR-138-5p could directly bind to 3'UTR of CDK6. Importantly, silencing CDK6 expression by siRNA successfully increased the sensitivity of both parental and Taxol-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Finally, rescue experiments clearly elucidated restoration of CDK6 in miR-138-5p-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells successfully recovered the Taxol resistance. CONCLUSION In summary, these findings suggest important molecular mechanisms for the miR-138-5p-mediated Taxol sensitivity of ovarian cancer via directly targeting CDK6, suggesting miR-138-5p is an effective therapeutic target for the noncoding RNA-based anti-chemoresistance treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Liang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Qin Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ya-Ning Tian
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yanhong Feng
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Miao Dong
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jihong He
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yeh M, Wang YY, Yoo JY, Oh C, Otani Y, Kang JM, Park ES, Kim E, Chung S, Jeon YJ, Calin GA, Kaur B, Zhao Z, Lee TJ. MicroRNA-138 suppresses glioblastoma proliferation through downregulation of CD44. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9219. [PMID: 33911148 PMCID: PMC8080729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly implicated in the development of anti-tumor therapy by reprogramming gene network that are aberrantly regulated in cancer cells. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of putative tumor suppressive miRNA, miR-138, against glioblastoma (GBM). Whole transcriptome and miRNA expression profiling analyses on human GBM patient tissues identified miR-138 as one of the significantly downregulated miRNAs with an inverse correlation with CD44 expression. Transient overexpression of miR-138 in GBM cells inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and wound healing capability. We unveiled that miR-138 negatively regulates the expression of CD44 by directly binding to the 3' UTR of CD44. CD44 inhibition by miR-138 resulted in an inhibition of glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro through cell cycle arrest as evidenced by a significant induction of p27 and its translocation into nucleus. Ectopic expression of miR-138 also increased survival rates in mice that had an intracranial xenograft tumor derived from human patient-derived primary GBM cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated a therapeutic potential of tumor suppressive miR-138 through direct downregulation of CD44 for the treatment of primary GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Yeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yin-Ying Wang
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Christina Oh
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Otani
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin Muk Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eun S Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117B, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishikawa M, Iwasaki M, Zhao H, Saito J, Hu C, Sun Q, Sakamoto A, Ma D. Inhalational Anesthetics Inhibit Neuroglioma Cell Proliferation and Migration via miR-138, -210 and -335. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094355. [PMID: 33919449 PMCID: PMC8122527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalational anesthetics was previously reported to suppress glioma cell malignancy but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on glioma cell malignancy changes via microRNA (miRNA) modulation. The cultured H4 cells were exposed to 3.6% sevoflurane or 10.3% desflurane for 2 h. The miR-138, -210 and -335 expression were determined with qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed with wound healing assay, Ki67 staining and cell count kit 8 (CCK8) assay with/without miR-138/-210/-335 inhibitor transfections. The miRNA downstream proteins, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), were also determined with immunofluorescent staining. Sevoflurane and desflurane exposure to glioma cells inhibited their proliferation and migration. Sevoflurane exposure increased miR-210 expression whereas desflurane exposure upregulated both miR-138 and miR-335 expressions. The administration of inhibitor of miR-138, -210 or -335 inhibited the suppressing effects of sevoflurane or desflurane on cell proliferation and migration, in line with the HIF-1α and MMP9 expression changes. These data indicated that inhalational anesthetics, sevoflurane and desflurane, inhibited glioma cell malignancy via miRNAs upregulation and their downstream effectors, HIF-1α and MMP9, downregulation. The implication of the current study warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (A.S.)
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (D.M.)
| | - Masae Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (A.S.)
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Junichi Saito
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Cong Hu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Qizhe Sun
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Atsuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (A.S.)
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ishikawa M, Iwasaki M, Zhao H, Saito J, Hu C, Sun Q, Sakamoto A, Ma D. Sevoflurane and Desflurane Exposure Enhanced Cell Proliferation and Migration in Ovarian Cancer Cells via miR-210 and miR-138 Downregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041826. [PMID: 33673181 PMCID: PMC7917656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalational anaesthetics were previously reported to promote ovarian cancer malignancy, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aims to investigate the role of sevoflurane- or desflurane-induced microRNA (miRNA) changes on ovarian cancer cell behaviour. The cultured SKOV3 cells were exposed to 3.6% sevoflurane or 10.3% desflurane for 2 h. Expression of miR-138, -210 and -335 was determined with qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed with wound healing assay, Ki67 staining and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay with or without mimic miR-138/-210 transfections. The miRNA downstream effector, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), was also analysed with immunofluorescent staining. Sevoflurane or desflurane exposure to cancer cells enhanced their proliferation and migration. miR-138 expression was suppressed by both sevoflurane and desflurane, while miR-210 expression was suppressed only by sevoflurane. miR-335 expression was not changed by either sevoflurane or desflurane exposure. The administration of mimic miR-138 or -210 reduced the promoting effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on cancer cell proliferation and migration, in line with the HIF-1α expression changes. These data indicated that inhalational agents sevoflurane and desflurane enhanced ovarian cancer cell malignancy via miRNA deactivation and HIF-1α. The translational value of this work needs further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (M.I.); (A.S.)
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Masae Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (M.I.); (A.S.)
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Junichi Saito
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Cong Hu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Qizhe Sun
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
| | - Atsuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (M.I.); (M.I.); (A.S.)
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK; (H.Z.); (J.S.); (C.H.); (Q.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Intrinsic and acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors and potential overcoming strategies. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:171-178. [PMID: 32504067 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which result in aberrant cell proliferation, is one of the inherent characteristics of tumor. Thus targeting the activity of CDKs represents a promising tumor therapeutic strategy. Currently, the specific inhibitors that target CDK4 and CDK6 have been approved for the treatment of estrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (ER+ HER2-) breast cancer in combination with endocrine therapy; other combination strategies are being tested in a number of clinical trials. However, the acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors has emerged. As the cell cycle is orchestrated by a series of biological events, the alterations of other molecular events that regulate the cell cycle progression may be involved in intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. In this review we mainly discuss the mechanisms underlying intrinsic resistance and acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors as well as combination strategies with other signal pathway inhibitors being tested in clinical and pre-clinical studies, to extend the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in tumor treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Expression, Prognosis, and Immune Infiltrates Analyses of E2Fs in Human Brain and CNS Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6281635. [PMID: 33381564 PMCID: PMC7755476 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6281635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective We investigated the expression patterns, potential functions, unique prognostic value, and potential therapeutic targets of E2Fs in brain and CNS cancer and tumor-infiltrating immune cell microenvironments. Methods We analyzed E2F mRNA expression levels in diverse cancer types via Oncomine and GEPIA databases, respectively. Moreover, we evaluated the prognostic values using GEPIA database and TCGAportal database and the correlation of E2F expression with immune infiltration and the correlation between immune cell infiltration and GBM and LGG prognosis via TIMER database. Then, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, and DAVID databases were used for mutation analysis, PPI network analysis of coexpressed gene, and functional enrichment analysis. Results E2F1-8 expression increased in most cancers, including brain and CNS cancer. Higher expression in E2F1, 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8 indicated poor OS of LGG. Higher E2F3–6 and E2F1–8 expressions correlated with poor prognosis and increased immune infiltration levels in CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and DCs in GBM and CD8+ T cells, B cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and DCs in LGG, respectively. Conclusion E2F1–8 and E2F2–8 could be hopeful prognostic biomarkers of GBM and LGG, respectively. E2F3–6 and E2F1–8 could be likely therapeutic targets in patients with immune cell infiltration of GBM and LGG, respectively.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu Y, Liao H, Xie R, Zhang Y, Zheng R, Chen J, Zhang B. Overexpression of miRNA-3613-3p Enhances the Sensitivity of Triple Negative Breast Cancer to CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib. Front Oncol 2020; 10:590813. [PMID: 33330073 PMCID: PMC7729088 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.590813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by lack of expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2, which are common therapeutic targets. CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib has been approved as an anti-cancer agent for breast cancer. However, identifying biomarkers that predict the response to Palbociclib has always been a challenge for molecular targeted therapy. In this study, we identify microRNA as a hallmark in TNBC patients and explore if miR-3613-3p might serve as a tumor suppressor biomarker for triple negative breast cancer patients and if overexpression of miR-3613-3p could enhance the sensitivity of TNBC cells to Palbociclib. We show that the expression of miR3613-3p was down-regulated in TNBC tumors and cells, and the overexpression of miR-3613-3p in patients’ tumor tissues was clinically and pathologically correlated with favorable prognosis, such as smaller tumor size and the lower Ki-67. In vitro, overexpression of miR-3613-3p inhibited cell proliferation, induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, and enhanced the sensitivity of TNBC cells to Palbociclib treatment. In vivo study revealed that overexpression of miR-3613-3p inhibited TNBC tumorigenesis and exerted a significant inhibitory effect of Palbociclib on MDA-MB-231 cells. Mechanically, SMAD2 and EZH2 were found to be two direct targets of miR-3613-3p and mediate the proliferation of TNBC cells and the sensitivity of the cells to Palbociclib through inducing cellular senescence. Our findings suggested that miR-3613-3p acts as a cancer-suppressor miRNA in TNBC. Moreover, our study showed that miR-3613-3p might be used as a predictive biomarker for the response of TNBC to Palbociclib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Liao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Renjing Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianying Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zottel A, Šamec N, Kump A, Dall’Olio LR, Pužar Dominkuš P, Romih R, Hudoklin S, Mlakar J, Nikitin D, Sorokin M, Buzdin A, Jovčevska I, Komel R. Analysis of miR-9-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-138-5p, and miR-1-3p in Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228491. [PMID: 33187334 PMCID: PMC7698225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor, is a complex and extremely aggressive disease. Despite recent advances in molecular biology, there is a lack of biomarkers, which would improve GBM’s diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Here, we analyzed by qPCR the expression levels of a set of miRNAs in GBM and lower-grade glioma human tissue samples and performed a survival analysis in silico. We then determined the expression of same miRNAs and their selected target mRNAs in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) of GBM cell lines. We showed that the expression of miR-21-5p was significantly increased in GBM tissue compared to lower-grade glioma and reference brain tissue, while miR-124-3p and miR-138-5p were overexpressed in reference brain tissue compared to GBM. We also demonstrated that miR-9-5p and miR-124-3p were overexpressed in the sEVs of GBM stem cell lines (NCH421k or NCH644, respectively) compared to the sEVs of all other GBM cell lines and astrocytes. VIM mRNA, a target of miR-124-3p and miR-138-5p, was overexpressed in the sEVs of U251 and U87 GBM cell lines compared to the sEVs of GBM stem cell line and also astrocytes. Our results suggest VIM mRNA, miR-9-5p miRNA, and miR-124-3p miRNA could serve as biomarkers of the sEVs of GBM cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alja Zottel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (R.K.); Tel.: +386-1-543-7662 (A.Z.)
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Ana Kump
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Raspor Dall’Olio
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Pia Pužar Dominkuš
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Rok Romih
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Samo Hudoklin
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Jernej Mlakar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Daniil Nikitin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.N.); (A.B.)
- Oncobox ltd., Moscow 121205, Russia;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Oncobox ltd., Moscow 121205, Russia;
- Laboratory of Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Moscow region 141700, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.N.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Moscow region 141700, Russia
- OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Radovan Komel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (R.K.); Tel.: +386-1-543-7662 (A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Massaro C, Sgueglia G, Frattolillo V, Baglio SR, Altucci L, Dell’Aversana C. Extracellular Vesicle-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery: Current Advances and Future Perspectives in Cancer Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100980. [PMID: 33081417 PMCID: PMC7589909 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are sophisticated and sensitive messengers released by cells to communicate with and influence distant and neighboring cells via selective transfer of bioactive content, including protein lipids and nucleic acids. EVs have therefore attracted broad interest as new and refined potential therapeutic systems in many diseases, including cancer, due to their low immunogenicity, non-toxicity, and elevated bioavailability. They might serve as safe and effective vehicles for the transport of therapeutic molecules to specific tissues and cells. In this review, we focus on EVs as a vehicle for gene therapy in cancer. We describe recent developments in EV engineering to achieve efficient intracellular delivery of cancer therapeutics and avoid off-target effects, to provide an overview of the potential applications of EV-mediated gene therapy and the most promising biomedical advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crescenzo Massaro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Giulia Sgueglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Victoria Frattolillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
| | - S. Rubina Baglio
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (C.D.); Tel.: +39-081-5667569 (L.A.); +39-081-5667564 (C.D.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversana
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (G.S.); (V.F.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS)-National Research Council (CNR), Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (C.D.); Tel.: +39-081-5667569 (L.A.); +39-081-5667564 (C.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang C, Wang Q, Zhou X, Zhang L, Yao Y, Gu J, Chen H, Qian J, Luo C, Bai Q, Hu G. MicroRNA‑138 modulates glioma cell growth, apoptosis and invasion through the suppression of the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway by targeting CREB1. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2559-2568. [PMID: 33125147 PMCID: PMC7640360 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression of microRNA (miR)-138 have been demonstrated to result in the development of several malignant tumours. However, the possible function of miR-138 in human glioma cells remains unclear. The present study demonstrated that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in 48 human glioma specimens by quantitative PCR analysis. The upregulation of miR-138 exerted significant antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects on glioma cells and promoted their apoptosis. In addition, cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-138 by luciferase gene reporter assay, and the antitumour effect of miR-138 on glioma cells was significantly reversed by CREB1 overexpression. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumour-suppressive role of miR-138 in malignant glioma may be associated with the dephosphorylation of AKT/mTOR caused by the miR-138 upregulation-induced decrease in CREB1 expression in glioma cells. The results of the present study indicated that miR-138 may affect CREB1/AKT/mTOR signalling to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of glioma cells and the malignant progression of glioma, thereby suggesting that miR-138 may be a potential target for the treatment of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Operating Room, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Juan Gu
- Department of Operating Room, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Huairui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Qingke Bai
- Department of Neurology, Pudong People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, P.R. China
| | - Guohan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shao FF, Chen BJ, Wu GQ. The functions of EZH2 in immune cells: Principles for novel immunotherapies. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 110:77-87. [PMID: 33040370 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ru0520-311r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is aberrantly expressed or mutated in multiple types of cancer cells and plays an oncogenic role in tumorigenesis and development in most cancers. Results from pilot clinical studies have implied that EZH2 inhibitors have therapeutic potential against some cancers. However, the exact mechanisms by which EZH2 plays oncogenic roles and EZH2 inhibition exerts anticancer effects are incompletely understood. To date, the findings of studies focusing on EZH2 and cancer cells have failed to fully explain the observations in preclinical and clinical studies. Therefore, recent studies about the roles of EZH2 in cancers have shifted from cancer cells to immune cells. The human immune system is a complex network comprising multiple subpopulations of immune cells. Immune cells communicate and interact with cancer cells during cancer development and treatment, dictating the fate of cancer cells. Elucidating the roles of EZH2 in immune cells, especially in cancer patients, promises the identification of novel immunotherapeutic strategies or priming of existing immunotherapies against cancer. Hence, we reviewed the studies focusing on the involvement of EZH2 in various immune cells, aiming to provide ideas for immunotherapies targeting EZH2 in immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fei Shao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo-Jin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Singh P, Singh A, Shah S, Vataliya J, Mittal A, Chitkara D. RNA Interference Nanotherapeutics for Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4040-4066. [PMID: 32902291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics for RNA interference (RNAi) are gaining attention in the treatment and management of several kinds of the so-called "undruggable" tumors via targeting specific molecular pathways or oncogenes. Synthetic ribonucleic acid (RNAs) oligonucleotides like siRNA, miRNA, shRNA, and lncRNA have shown potential as novel therapeutics. However, the delivery of such oligonucleotides is significantly hampered by their physiochemical (such as hydrophilicity, negative charge, and instability) and biopharmaceutical features (in vivo serum stability, fast renal clearance, interaction with extracellular proteins, and hindrance in cellular internalization) that markedly reduce their biological activity. Recently, several nanocarriers have evolved as suitable non-viral vectors for oligonucleotide delivery, which are known to either complex or conjugate with these oligonucleotides efficiently and also overcome the extracellular and intracellular barriers, thereby allowing access to the tumoral micro-environment for the better and desired outcome in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This Review focuses on the up-to-date advancements in the field of RNAi nanotherapeutics utilized for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shruti Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jalpa Vataliya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Das P, Taube JH. Regulating Methylation at H3K27: A Trick or Treat for Cancer Cell Plasticity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2792. [PMID: 33003334 PMCID: PMC7600873 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Properly timed addition and removal of histone 3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) is critical for enabling proper differentiation throughout all stages of development and, likewise, can guide carcinoma cells into altered differentiation states which correspond to poor prognoses and treatment evasion. In early embryonic stages, H3K27me3 is invoked to silence genes and restrict cell fate. Not surprisingly, mutation or altered functionality in the enzymes that regulate this pathway results in aberrant methylation or demethylation that can lead to malignancy. Likewise, changes in expression or activity of these enzymes impact cellular plasticity, metastasis, and treatment evasion. This review focuses on current knowledge regarding methylation and de-methylation of H3K27 in cancer initiation and cancer cell plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph H. Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Choudhary S, Burns SC, Mirsafian H, Li W, Vo DT, Qiao M, Lei X, Smith AD, Penalva LO. Genomic analyses of early responses to radiation inglioblastoma reveal new alterations at transcription,splicing, and translation levels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8979. [PMID: 32488114 PMCID: PMC7265345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-dose radiation is the main component of glioblastoma therapy. Unfortunately, radio-resistance is a common problem and a major contributor to tumor relapse. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving response to radiation is critical for identifying regulatory routes that could be targeted to improve treatment response. We conducted an integrated analysis in the U251 and U343 glioblastoma cell lines to map early alterations in the expression of genes at three levels: transcription, splicing, and translation in response to ionizing radiation. Changes at the transcriptional level were the most prevalent response. Downregulated genes are strongly associated with cell cycle and DNA replication and linked to a coordinated module of expression. Alterations in this group are likely driven by decreased expression of the transcription factor FOXM1 and members of the E2F family. Genes involved in RNA regulatory mechanisms were affected at the mRNA, splicing, and translation levels, highlighting their importance in radiation-response. We identified a number of oncogenic factors, with an increased expression upon radiation exposure, including BCL6, RRM2B, IDO1, FTH1, APIP, and LRIG2 and lncRNAs NEAT1 and FTX. Several of these targets have been previously implicated in radio-resistance. Therefore, antagonizing their effects post-radiation could increase therapeutic efficacy. Our integrated analysis provides a comprehensive view of early response to radiation in glioblastoma. We identify new biological processes involved in altered expression of various oncogenic factors and suggest new target options to increase radiation sensitivity and prevent relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saket Choudhary
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Suzanne C Burns
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hoda Mirsafian
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Dat T Vo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas, USA
| | - Mei Qiao
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Xiufen Lei
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew D Smith
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Luiz O Penalva
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou R, Joshi P, Katsushima K, Liang W, Liu W, Goldenberg NA, Dover G, Perera RJ. The Emerging Field of Noncoding RNAs and Their Importance in Pediatric Diseases. J Pediatr 2020; 221S:S11-S19. [PMID: 32482229 PMCID: PMC9003624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL.
| | - Piyush Joshi
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Keisuke Katsushima
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Weihong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Neil A. Goldenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - George Dover
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ranjan J. Perera
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu Y, Liu H, Li Y, Mao R, Yang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Guo P, Zhan D, Zhang T. Circular RNA SAMD4A controls adipogenesis in obesity through the miR-138-5p/EZH2 axis. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4705-4719. [PMID: 32292524 PMCID: PMC7150479 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are crucial for the regulation of gene expression and their dysregulation is implicated in several diseases. However, the function of circRNAs in obesity remains largely unexplored. Methods: Global changes in the circRNA expression patterns were detected in adipose tissues derived from obese and lean individuals. In particular, circSAMD4A was identified as significantly differentially upregulated and was functionally analyzed, both in vitro and in vivo, using various approaches. Results: CircSAMD4A overexpression was correlated with a poor prognosis in obese patients. By contrast, circSAMD4A knockdown inhibited differentiation in isolated preadipocytes. In high-fat diet (HFD) -induced obese mice, circSAMD4A knockdown reversed the associated weight gain, reduced food intake, lower body fat, and increased energy expenditure. These mice also exhibited increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Furthermore, in vitro experiments indicated that circSAMD4A affected differentiation by binding to miR-138-5p and regulating EZH2 expression. Conclusions: CircSAMD4A regulated preadipocyte differentiation by acting as a miR-138-5p sponge, and thus increasing EZH2 expression. These results suggested that circSAMD4A can serve as a potential target for obesity treatments and/or as a potential prognostic marker for obese patients following bariatric surgery.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang Y, Liu X, Cheng L, Li L, Wei Z, Wang Z, Han G, Wan X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Chen C. Tumor Suppressor microRNA-138 Suppresses Low-Grade Glioma Development and Metastasis via Regulating IGF2BP2. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2247-2260. [PMID: 32214825 PMCID: PMC7082711 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low-grade gliomas (LGG), approximately constitute one-third of all types of gliomas, are prone to relapse and metastasis. MicroRNA-138 (miR-138) is reported to be dysregulated in diverse human tumors and mainly function as a tumor suppressor. In this study, we analyzed the expression profile and function of miR-138 in LGG. Methods Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and public database bioinformatics analysis were performed to determine the miR-138 levels in LGG. MiR-138 overexpression in LGG cells was achieved by miR-138 mimics transfection. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK8, EdU and colony formation assays. Cell invasion and migration were analyzed by transwell and wound-healing assays. Xenograft model was employed to study the role of miR-138 in LGG growth in vivo. The target of miR-138 was validated by multiple methods, such as luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and Western blot. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms by which miR-138 contributed to LGG progression. Results miR-138 was significantly downregulated in LGG tumor tissues and low expression of miR-138 was significantly associated with poor prognosis as well as relapse and metastasis in LGG patients. Functional analysis indicated that ectopic miR-138 expression suppressed LGG cell growth and invasive phenotype in vitro, and inhibited tumor development in vivo. Moreover, miR-138 directly targeted and repressed insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) by targeting the 3ʹ-UTR of IGF2BP2, inhibiting epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to attenuate LGG aggressiveness. In addition, we found that elevated IGF2BP2 expression correlates with poor survival of LGG patients. Conclusion miR-138 may function as a tumor inhibitor by directly inhibiting IGF2BP2 and suppressing EMT in the progression of LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, The Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaizhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Medical Engineering Technology and Data Mining Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanliang Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zheng Y, Zhang J, Ye B. miR-138 mediates sorafenib-induced cell survival and is associated with poor prognosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:459-465. [PMID: 31663629 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy with rapid invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis, however, the mechanism mediating its cholangiocarcinoma development needs further investigation. Here, we demonstrate that decreased miR-138 in tumor tissues is related to the poor prognosis in patients, and that miR-138 mediates sorafenib-induced cell survival in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Moreover, miR-138 negatively regulates SOX4 expression by specifically targeting its 3' untranslated region (3' UTR). As per our results, overexpression of SOX4 reversed sorafenib-induced changes in cell viability and apoptosis. Furthermore, the elevated levels of SOX4 in the tumor tissues that correlated with poor prognosis. Overall, the present study reveals that miR-138/SOX4 is involved in sorafinib-mediated cell survival in cholangiocarcinoma cells, and is associated with poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
LINC00174 down-regulation decreases chemoresistance to temozolomide in human glioma cells by regulating miR-138-5p/SOX9 axis. Hum Cell 2019; 33:159-174. [PMID: 31713817 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is one of the most common drugs selected for glioma chemotherapy, but the therapeutic effect of glioma treatment is usually limited due to its resistance. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is gradually found to be a vital regulator in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Lately, it was revealed that LINC00174 could promote CRC cell growth. However, the function and potential regulatory manner of LINC00174 in glioma remain unclear. Our results demonstrated that the expression level of LINC00174 was higher in glioma tissues, and LINC00174 down-regulation could remarkably prevent cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis in both glioma cells and TMZ-resistant glioma cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that LINC00174 can sponge microRNA-138-5p (miR-138-5p) and down-regulate its expression, thereby up-regulating the protein level of miR-138-5p's target, sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box9 protein (SOX9). Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that LINC00174 shRNA can serve as a tumor suppressor through down-regulating SOX9 in glioma. In this study, a novel established regulatory way of LINC00174/miR-138-5p/SOX9 axis was systematically studied, which may provide a new manner for glioma therapy.
Collapse
|
30
|
Qiu H, Chen F, Chen M. MicroRNA-138 negatively regulates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α to suppress melanoma growth and metastasis. Biol Open 2019; 8:8/8/bio042937. [PMID: 31371307 PMCID: PMC6737980 DOI: 10.1242/bio.042937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma with rapid progression towards metastasis has become the deadliest form of skin cancer. However, the mechanism of melanoma growth and metastasis is still unclear. Here, we found that miRNA-138 was lowly expressed and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) was highly expressed in patients’ melanoma tissue compared with the paracancerous tissues, and they had a significant negative correlation (r=−0.877, P<0.001). Patients with miRNA-138low/HIF1αhigh signatures were predominant in late stage III/IV of melanoma. Further, bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that miRNA-138 directly targeted HIF1α. We found that the introduction of pre-miRNA-138 sequences to A375 cells reduced HIF1α mRNA expression and suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Overexpression of miRNA-138 or inhibition of HIF1α significantly suppressed the growth and metastasis of melanoma in vivo. Our study demonstrates the role and clinical relevance of miRNA-138 and HIF1α in melanoma cell growth and metastasis, providing a novel therapeutic target for suppression of melanoma growth and metastasis. Summary: Our study demonstrates the role and clinical relevance of miRNA-138 and HIF1α in melanoma cell growth and metastasis, providing a novel therapeutic target for suppression of melanoma growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, the Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Fangchao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, the Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Minjun Chen
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, the Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Velasco MX, Kosti A, Guardia GDA, Santos MC, Tegge A, Qiao M, Correa BRS, Hernández G, Kokovay E, Galante PAF, Penalva LOF. Antagonism between the RNA-binding protein Musashi1 and miR-137 and its potential impact on neurogenesis and glioblastoma development. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 25:768-782. [PMID: 31004009 PMCID: PMC6573790 DOI: 10.1261/rna.069211.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and miRNAs are critical gene expression regulators that interact with one another in cooperative and antagonistic fashions. We identified Musashi1 (Msi1) and miR-137 as regulators of a molecular switch between self-renewal and differentiation. Msi1 and miR-137 have opposite expression patterns and functions, and Msi1 is repressed by miR-137. Msi1 is a stem-cell protein implicated in self-renewal while miR-137 functions as a proneuronal differentiation miRNA. In gliomas, miR-137 functions as a tumor suppressor while Msi1 is a prooncogenic factor. We suggest that the balance between Msi1 and miR-137 is a key determinant in cell fate decisions and disruption of this balance could contribute to neurodegenerative diseases and glioma development. Genomic analyses revealed that Msi1 and miR-137 share 141 target genes associated with differentiation, development, and morphogenesis. Initial results pointed out that these two regulators have an opposite impact on the expression of their target genes. Therefore, we propose an antagonistic model in which this network of shared targets could be either repressed by miR-137 or activated by Msi1, leading to different outcomes (self-renewal, proliferation, tumorigenesis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitzli X Velasco
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Translation and Cancer Laboratory, Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, National Institute of Cancer (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Adam Kosti
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Gabriela D A Guardia
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular-Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Marcia C Santos
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Allison Tegge
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 14080, USA
| | - Mei Qiao
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Bruna R S Correa
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular-Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Greco Hernández
- Translation and Cancer Laboratory, Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, National Institute of Cancer (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Erzsebet Kokovay
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular-Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Luiz O F Penalva
- Greheey Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu B, Liu R. PAQR4 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis through the CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3625-3633. [PMID: 31190865 PMCID: PMC6521844 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s181432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is reported that progestin and adipoQ receptor 4 (PAQR4) has a tumorigenic effect on human breast cancer, but the role of PAQR4 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PAQR4 in NSCLC. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistchemical (IHC) staining were used to analyze the expression of PAQR4 in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. MTT, colony formation assay, flow cytometry (FCM), wound healing assays and transwell invasion assays were used to investigate the effects of PAQR4 on cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, migration and invasion. Murine xenograft model assay was carried out to characterize the effects of PAQR4 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo. Results In this study, we found that the expression of PAQR4 was significantly upregulated in the NSCLC tissues of patients compared with that in the matched non-cancerous tissues. In addition, we found that PAQR4 was also significantly up-regulated in the NSCLC cell lines compared with normal human lung epithelial cells. Besides, we found that the over-expression of PAQR4 promoted promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of the NSCLC cells, whereas the knockdown of PAQR4 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of the NSCLC cells. Furthermore, mechanistic studies showed that the CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway was involved in NSCLC. Conclusion Hence, these results suggest that PAQR4 may be used as a new target in NSCLC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Rongyu Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China,
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Aberrant miRNAs Regulate the Biological Hallmarks of Glioblastoma. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 20:452-474. [PMID: 30182330 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
GBM is the highest incidence in primary intracranial malignancy, and it remains poor prognosis even though the patient is gave standard treatment. Despite decades of intense research, the complex biology of GBM remains elusive. In view of eight hallmarks of cancer which were proposed in 2011, studies related to the eight biological capabilities in GBM have made great progress. From these studies, it can be inferred that miRs, as a mode of post-transcriptional regulation, are involved in regulating these malignant biological hallmarks of GBM. Herein, we discuss state-of-the-art research on how aberrant miRs modulate the eight hallmarks of GBM. The upregulation of 'oncomiRs' or the genetic loss of tumor suppressor miRs is associated with these eight biological capabilities acquired during GBM formation. Furthermore, we also discuss the applicable clinical potential of these research results. MiRs may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of GBM. Moreover, miRs are also therapeutic targets of GBM. These studies will develop and improve precision medicine for GBM in the future.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang H, Li H, Liu Z, Ge A, Guo E, Liu S, Chen Z. Triptolide inhibits the proliferation and migration of medulloblastoma Daoy cells by upregulation of microRNA-138. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9866-9877. [PMID: 30156009 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a primitive neuroectodermal-derived brain tumor and the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Triptolide (TPL) is the major active component extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. This study aimed to explore the effects of TPL on medulloblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as the underlying possible molecular mechanism. Viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of Daoy cells were measured using cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and Guava Nexin assay, respectively. Cell migration was detected using two-chamber transwell assay and wound healing assay. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the relative expression of microRNA-138 (miR-138) in Daoy cells. Cell transfection was used to change the expression of miR-138 in cells. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression of key factors involved in cell apoptosis, cell migration, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase 3 (AKT) pathway, and the Notch pathway in Daoy cells. We found that TPL significantly inhibited the viability, proliferation, and migration of Daoy cells but promoted Daoy cell apoptosis. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 after TPL treatment were decreased. The expression of miR-138 in Daoy cells after TPL treatment was increased. Suppression of miR-138 obviously reversed the TPL-induced Daoy cell proliferation, migration inhibition, and cell apoptosis enhancement, as well as the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways. Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was a direct target gene of miR-138, which might be involved in the antitumor effects of TPL on Daoy cells. In conclusion, our study verified that TPL exerted anticancer effects on medulloblastoma cells possibly via upregulating miR-138 and inactivating the PI3K/AKT and Notch pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ang Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Enyu Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxia Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xiao L, Zhou H, Li XP, Chen J, Fang C, Mao CX, Cui JJ, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Yin JY, Liu ZQ. MicroRNA-138 acts as a tumor suppressor in non small cell lung cancer via targeting YAP1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:40038-40046. [PMID: 27223073 PMCID: PMC5129990 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-138 was found to have suppressive effects on the growth and metastasis of different human cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of miR-138 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We applied the Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to detect the miR-138 levels in NSCLC tissues (n=21) and cell lines, Bioinformatical predication, luciferase reporter assay and western blot to identify the target gene of miR-138. We also applied Cell transfection, MTT, transwell, and wound healing assays to reveal the role of miR-138 in NSCLC cell proliferation and malignant transformation. We observed that miR-138 expression level was significantly decreased in NSCLC tissues compared to their matched adjacent normal tissues. It was also downregulated in tissues with poor differentiation, advanced stage or lymph nodes metastasis, as well as in several NSCLC cell lines compared to normal lung epithelial cell. We further identified YAP1 as a direct target gene of miR-138, and observed that the protein level of YAP1 was negatively mediated by miR-138 in NSCLC A549 cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-138 significantly inhibited A549 cell growth, invasion and migration, while knockdown of miR-138 enhanced such capacities. Further investigation showed that the cell proliferation capacity was higher in the miR-138+YAP1 group, when compared with that in the miR-138 group, suggesting that overexpression of YAP1 rescued the suppressive effects of miR-138 upregulation on NSCLC cell proliferation. However, we found no difference of cell invasion and migration capacities between miR-138+YAP1 group and miR-138 group. Finally, YAP1 was markedly upregulated in NSCLC tissues compared to their marched adjacent normal tissues. Its mRNA levels were reversely correlated with the miR-138 levels in NSCLC tissues. In summary, our study suggests that miR-138 may play a suppressive role in the growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells partly at least by targeting YAP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410014, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Ping Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xue Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Jia Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410078, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Stojcheva N, Schechtmann G, Sass S, Roth P, Florea AM, Stefanski A, Stühler K, Wolter M, Müller NS, Theis FJ, Weller M, Reifenberger G, Happold C. MicroRNA-138 promotes acquired alkylator resistance in glioblastoma by targeting the Bcl-2-interacting mediator BIM. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12937-50. [PMID: 26887050 PMCID: PMC4914333 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults with a median survival below 12 months in population-based studies. The main reason for tumor recurrence and progression is constitutive or acquired resistance to the standard of care of surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ/RT→TMZ). Here, we investigated the role of microRNA (miRNA) alterations as mediators of alkylator resistance in glioblastoma cells. Using microarray-based miRNA expression profiling of parental and TMZ-resistant cultures of three human glioma cell lines, we identified a set of differentially expressed miRNA candidates. From these, we selected miR-138 for further functional analyses as this miRNA was not only upregulated in TMZ-resistant versus parental cells, but also showed increased expression in vivo in recurrent glioblastoma tissue samples after TMZ/RT→TMZ treatment. Transient transfection of miR-138 mimics in glioma cells with low basal miR-138 expression increased glioma cell proliferation. Moreover, miR-138 overexpression increased TMZ resistance in long-term glioblastoma cell lines and glioma initiating cell cultures. The apoptosis regulator BIM was identified as a direct target of miR-138, and its silencing mediated the induced TMZ resistance phenotype. Altered sensitivity to apoptosis played only a minor role in this resistance mechanism. Instead, we identified the induction of autophagy to be regulated downstream of the miR-138/BIM axis and to promote cell survival following TMZ exposure. Our data thus define miR-138 as a glioblastoma cell survival-promoting miRNA associated with resistance to TMZ therapy in vitro and with tumor progression in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Stojcheva
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gennadi Schechtmann
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Steffen Sass
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Roth
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana-Maria Florea
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marietta Wolter
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikola S Müller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Caroline Happold
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yin Y, Qiu S, Li X, Huang B, Xu Y, Peng Y. EZH2 suppression in glioblastoma shifts microglia toward M1 phenotype in tumor microenvironment. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:220. [PMID: 29132376 PMCID: PMC5684749 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) induces tumor immunosuppression through interacting with tumor-infiltrating microglia or macrophages (TAMs) with an unclear pathogenesis. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is abundant in GBM samples and cell lines and is involved in GBM proliferation, cell cycle, and invasion, whereas its association with innate immune response is not yet reported. Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of EZH2 in GBM immune. METHODS Co-culturing models of human/murine GBM cells with PBMC-derived macrophages/primary microglia were employed. EZH2 mRNAs and function were suppressed by siEZH2 and DZNep. Real-time PCR and flow cytometry were used to determine levels of microglia/macrophages markers. The fluorescence-labeled latex beads and flow cytometry were utilized to evaluate phagocytic abilities of microglia. CCK8 assay was performed to assess microglia proliferation. RESULTS EZH2 inhibition led to significant reduction of TGFβ1-3 and IL10 and elevation of IL1β and IL6 in human and murine GBM cells. More importantly, EZH2 suppression in GBM cells resulted in significant increase of M1 markers (TNFα and iNOS) and decrease of a pool of M2 markers in murine microglia. The proportion of CD206+ cells was decreased in PBMC-derived macrophages as co-incubated with EZH2-inhibited GBM cells. Functional researches showed that phagocytic capacities of microglia were significantly ameliorated after EZH2 inhibition in co-culturing GBM cells and microglia proliferation was declined after addition of TGFβ2 antibodies to co-incubated GBM cells with EZH2 inhibition. Besides, we found that EZH2 suppression in GBM cells enhanced co-culturing microglia engulfment through activation of iNOS. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrates that EZH2 participates in GBM-induced immune deficient and EZH2 suppression in GBM can remodel microglia immune functions, which is beneficial for understanding GBM pathogenesis and suggests potential targets for therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Yin
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Yangjiang Xi Road 107, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuwei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiangpen Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Yangjiang Xi Road 107, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Yangjiang Xi Road 107, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Yangjiang Xi Road 107, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu C, Zhu J, Liu F, Wang Y, Zhu M. MicroRNA-138 targets SP1 to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1279-1286. [PMID: 29387246 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) has enabled the improved understanding of the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs comprised of 19-24 nucleotides that regulate the expression of target genes. In the present study, miR-138 was demonstrated to be downregulated in human HCC tissues and cell lines. Restoration of miR-138 expression repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, specificity protein 1 (SP1) was identified as a target gene of miR-138 in HCC using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Knockdown of SP1 produced similar suppressive effects to those induced by miR-138 overexpression in HCC cells. These results indicate that miR-138 targeted SP1 to repress the growth, migration and invasion of HCC cells, and may therefore represent a therapeutic target in human HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jiankang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Fengyue Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor and, even with the current multimodal therapy, is an invariably lethal cancer with a life expectancy that depends on the tumor subtype but, even in the most favorable cases, rarely exceeds 2 years. Epigenetic factors play an important role in gliomagenesis, are strong predictors of outcome, and are important determinants for the resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. The latest addition to the epigenetic machinery is the noncoding RNA (ncRNA), that is, RNA molecules that are not translated into a protein and that exert their function by base pairing with other nucleic acids in a reversible and nonmutational mode. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of ncRNA of about 22 bp that regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in the mRNA and silence its translation into proteins. MicroRNAs reversibly regulate transcription through nonmutational mechanisms; accordingly, they can be considered as epigenetic effectors. In this review, we will discuss the role of miRNA in glioma focusing on their role in drug resistance and on their potential applications in the therapy of this tumor.
Collapse
|
40
|
Hu B, Wang J, Jin X. MicroRNA-138 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion of renal cell carcinoma by directly targeting SOX9. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7583-7588. [PMID: 29344205 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An accumulating number of studies have reported that the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are dysregulated in a variety of human cancer types, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). miRNAs play essential functions in tumorigenesis and the progression of tumors by serving as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recently, the expression and functions of miR-138 have been studied in a number of human cancer types; however, its role in RCC remains poorly understood. In the present study, the results revealed that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in RCC cell lines and tissues, and that low expression levels of miR-138 were correlated with histological grade, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. In functional studies, restoration of miR-138 expression inhibited cell proliferation and invasion of ACHN and A498 cells. In addition, SOX9 was validated as a direct target gene of miR-138 in RCC. SOX9 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and invasion of RCC, with a similar effect to that induced by miR-138, rendering SOX9 a functional target of miR-138 in the disease. These findings indicate that miR-138 may present a novel target for therapeutic strategies in RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Oncology Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Xunbo Jin
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Si F, Sun J, Wang C. MicroRNA-138 suppresses cell proliferation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via inhibiting EZH2 and PI3K/AKT signaling. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1967-1974. [PMID: 28962111 PMCID: PMC5609183 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-138 generally has a suppressive role in various human cancer types; however, its role and the underlying mechanisms in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) have remained to be elucidated. The present study assessed the clinical significance and regulatory mechanisms of miR-138 in LSCC progression. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. In addition, the decreased expression of miR-138 was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced clinical stage of LSCC. Restoration of miR-138 expression caused a significant decrease in the proliferation of Hep-2 LSCC cells, while knockdown of miR-138 significantly promoted Hep-2 cell proliferation. A luciferase reporter assay further identified enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) as a direct target gene of miR-138, and the protein expression of EZH2 was negatively regulated by miR-138 in Hep-2 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of EZH2 eliminated the suppressive effects of miR-138 on Hep-2 cell proliferation via activation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling. In addition, EZH2 was found to be significantly upregulated in LSCC tissues and to be inversely correlated to the miR-138 levels. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-138 inhibits the proliferation of LSCC cells, at least partly via targeting EZH2 and inhibiting PI3 K/AKT signaling. The present study highlighted the clinical significance of the miR-138/EZH2 axis in LSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Si
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830063, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830063, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830063, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yuan Z, Mo H, Mo L, He J, Wu Z, Lin X. Suppressive effect of microRNA-138 on the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells via targeting SIRT1. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3417-3423. [PMID: 28587420 PMCID: PMC5450556 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, function as key regulators in gene expression through binding to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNA, which further leads to translational repression or mRNA degradation. Recently, miR-138 has been found to have a tumor suppressive role in a variety of human malignancies. However, the exact role of miR-138 in regulating the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma (OS) has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse-transcription PCR analysis showed that the expression of miR-138 was markedly reduced in OS tissues compared to that in matched adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Furthermore, it was also downregulated in several common OS cell lines, when compared with that in a normal human osteoblast cell line. Overexpression of miR-138 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion and led to a significant decrease in the protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which was further identified as a direct target gene of miR-138 in MG63 cells. Moreover, restoration of SIRT1 expression reversed the suppressive effects of miR-138 on MG63 cell proliferation and invasion. Finally, the expression of SIRT1 was found to be significantly upregulated in OS tissues compared to that in matched adjacent tissues, and SIRT1 levels were inversely correlated with the miR-138 levels in OS tissues. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that miR-138 has a role in inhibiting OS cell proliferation and invasion via directly targeting SIRT1, and suggested that the miR-138/SIRT1 axis may become a promising therapeutic target for OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchao Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Hao Mo, Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 71 He Di Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Ligen Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Juliang He
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li W, Yang W, Liu Y, Chen S, Chin S, Qi X, Zhao Y, Liu H, Wang J, Mei X, Huang P, Xu D. MicroRNA-378 enhances inhibitory effect of curcumin on glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73938-73946. [PMID: 29088758 PMCID: PMC5650313 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive and common primary brain tumor, and is virtually incurable due to its therapeutic resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. Curcumin is a well-known phytochemical exhibiting antitumor activity on many human cancers including glioblastoma multiforme. Given the unique miRNA expression profiles in cancer cells compared to non-cancerous cells, we investigated whether these miRNA could be used to cancer therapy. In this report we show that miR-378, a glioblastoma multiforme down regulated miRNA, may enhance the inhibitory effect of curcumin on this cancer growth. Our results indicated that the inhibitory effect of curcumin was enhanced in miR-378-expressing stable U87 cells in vitro and in vivo, compared to control cells. MiR-378 was found to target p-p38 expression, underlying the observed phenotypic changes. Thus, we concluded that miR-378 enhances the response of glioblastoma multiforme to curcumin treatment, by targeting p38.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wende Li
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Weining Yang
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yujiao Liu
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Shanmin Chin
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yingchao Zhao
- Cancer center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xueting Mei
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peigen Huang
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Donghui Xu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sandow JJ, Infusini G, Holik AZ, Brumatti G, Averink TV, Ekert PG, Webb AI. Quantitative proteomic analysis of EZH2 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia reveals the targets and pathways that precede the induction of cell death. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 11. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod J. Sandow
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
| | - Giuseppe Infusini
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
| | - Aliaksei Z. Holik
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
| | - Gabriela Brumatti
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
| | - Tessa V. Averink
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville Australia
- Vrije Universiteit; Amsterdam
| | - Paul G. Ekert
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville Australia
| | - Andrew I. Webb
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sha HH, Wang DD, Chen D, Liu SW, Wang Z, Yan DL, Dong SC, Feng JF. MiR-138: A promising therapeutic target for cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317697575. [PMID: 28378633 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317697575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expressions at post-transcriptional level by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs. Growing evidences highlight their pivotal roles in various biological processes of human cancers. Among them, miR-138, generating from two primary transcripts, pri-miR-138-1 and pri-miR-138-2, expresses aberrantly in different cancers and is extensively studied in cancer network. Importantly, studies have shown that miR-138 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting many target genes, which are related to proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Additionally, some researches also discover that miR-138 can sensitize tumors to chemotherapies. In this review, we summarize the expression of miR-138 on regulatory mechanisms and tumor biological processes, which will establish molecular basis on the usage of miR-138 in clinical applications in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Sha
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- 2 The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- 3 Research Center of Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Wen Liu
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- 2 The First Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Li Yan
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Chen Dong
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji-Feng Feng
- 1 Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hassan A, Mosley J, Singh S, Zinn PO. A Comprehensive Review of Genomics and Noncoding RNA in Gliomas. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 26:3-14. [PMID: 28079712 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary adult brain tumor. In spite of our greater understanding of the biology of GBMs, clinical outcome of GBM patients remains poor, as their median survival with best available treatment is 12 to 18 months. Recent efforts of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) have subgrouped patients into 4 molecular/transcriptional subgroups: proneural, neural, classical, and mesenchymal. Continuing efforts are underway to provide a comprehensive map of the heterogeneous makeup of GBM to include noncoding transcripts, genetic mutations, and their associations to clinical outcome. In this review, we introduce key molecular events (genetic and epigenetic) that have been deemed most relevant as per studies such as TCGA, with a specific focus on noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNA) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA). One of our main objectives is to illustrate how miRNAs and lncRNAs play a pivotal role in brain tumor biology to define tumor heterogeneity at molecular and cellular levels. Ultimately, we elaborate how radiogenomics-based predictive models can describe miRNA/lncRNA-driven networks to better define heterogeneity of GBM with clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hassan
- *Department of Diagnostic Radiology †Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center ‡Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
MiR-138 indirectly regulates the MDR1 promoter by NF-κB/p65 silencing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:648-655. [PMID: 28153721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to mediate post-transcriptional gene silencing in the cytoplasm and recent evidence indicates that may also possess nuclear roles in regulating gene expression. A previous study showed that miR-138 is involved in the multidrug resistance of leukemia cells through down-regulation of the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the protein encoded by the human multidrug-resistant ABCB1/MDR1 gene. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms responsible remain to be elucidated. To deepen the description of the mechanism of transcriptional gene silencing on the MDR1 promoter, we initially performed a bioinformatics search for potential miR-138 binding sites in the MDR1 gene promoter sequence. Interestingly, we did not find miR-138 binding sites in this region, suggesting an indirect regulation. From six representative transcriptional factors involved in MDR1 gene regulation, an in silico analysis revealed that NF-κB/p65 has a specific binding site for miR-138. The results of luciferase reporter assay, western blot and flow cytometry shown here suggest that miR-138 might modulate the human MDR1 expression by inhibiting NF-κB/p65 as an indirect mechanism of MDR1 regulation. Furthermore, employing the human macrophage-like cell line U937 we observed comparable results with NF-κB/p65 down-regulation and we also observed a significant reduction in the IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA, as well as in their secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines following miR-138 expression, suggesting that canonical NF-κB target genes might also be potential targets for miR-138 in leukemia cells.
Collapse
|
48
|
Tan Y, Hu H, Tan W, Jin L, Liu J, Zhou H. MicroRNA-138 inhibits migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting LIMK1. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4422-4428. [PMID: 27665963 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-138 has previously been demonstrated to have a suppressive role in numerous types of human cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates actin polymerization via phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin. Previous studies have reported that LIMK1 is associated with NSCLC; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism of LIMK1, and the association between LIMK1 and miR‑138 in NSCLC cells, remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to reveal the regulatory roles of miR‑138 and LIMK1 in NSCLC cell migration and invasion. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels. Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted to determine cell invasion and migration. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the target association between miR‑138 and LIMK1. The present study demonstrated that miR‑138 was markedly downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, whereas the expression levels of LIMK1 were significantly upregulated. LIMK1 was further identified as a direct target of miR‑138 in NSCLC H460 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‑138 significantly inhibited the protein expression of LIMK1, whereas knockdown of miR‑138 upregulated the protein expression of LIMK1 in H460 cells. In addition, overexpression of miR‑138 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells; however, overexpression of LIMK1 significantly promoted NSCLC cell migration and invasion. An investigation into the underlying molecular mechanism revealed that overexpression of miR‑138 significantly decreased cofilin signaling activity, whereas knockdown of miR‑138 notably enhanced cofilin signaling activity. In conclusion, the present study suggests that miR‑138 may inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by targeting the LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-138/LIMK1/cofilin may be considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Tan
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Huaidong Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wuyuan Tan
- Department of Burns, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dong X, Ding W, Ye J, Yan D, Xue F, Xu L, Yin J, Guo W. MiR-24-3p enhances cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting metallothionein 1M. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:491-496. [PMID: 27650047 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs has been demonstrated to contribute to malignant progression of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MiR-24-3p was previously reported to be significantly upregulated in HCC. However, the potential role and mechanism of action of miR-24-3p in the initiation and progression of HCC remain largely unknown. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that miR-24-3p was significantly upregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with nontumor tissues. The cell viability, colony formation assay, and tumorigenicity assays in nude mice showed that miR-24-3p could enhance HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Metallothionein 1M was verified as an miR-24-3p target gene by using dual-luciferase reporter assays, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting, which was involved in miR-24-3p regulated HCC cell growth. These results indicated that miR-24-3p plays an important role in the initiation and progression of HCC by targeting metallothionein 1M, and the miR-24-3p/metallothionein 1M pathway may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for HCC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianwei Ye
- Department of Cancer Center, The first affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiwei Yin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenjia Guo
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with poor prognosis and no therapeutics. PAH is characterized by severe remodeling of precapillary pulmonary arteries, leading to increased vascular resistance, pulmonary hypertension compensatory right ventricular hypertrophy, then heart failure and death. PAH pathogenesis shares similarities with carcinogenesis such as excessive cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, metabolic shifts, or phenotypic transition. Although PAH is not a cancer, comparison of analogous mechanisms between PAH and cancer led to the concept of a cancer-like disease to emerge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in the regulation of posttranscriptional gene expression. miRNA dysregulations have been reported as promoter of the development of various diseases including cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies revealed that miRNA dysregulations also occur in PAH pathogenesis. In PAH, different miRNAs have been implicated to be the main features of PAH pathophysiology (in pulmonary inflammation, vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and right heart hypertrophy). SUMMARY The review summarizes the implication of miRNA dysregulation in PAH development and discusses the similarities and differences with those observed in cancers.
Collapse
|