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Chen C, Xiong K, Li K, Zhou B, Cheng J, Zhu B, Zheng L, Zhao J. Identification of key genes involved in collagen hydrogel-induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through transcriptome analysis: the role of m6A modification. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:43. [PMID: 39073623 PMCID: PMC11286723 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Collagen hydrogel has been shown promise as an inducer for chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), contributing to the repair of cartilage defects. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains poorly elucidated. Here, we induced chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs using collagen hydrogel and identified 4451 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through transcriptomic sequencing. Our analysis revealed that DEGs were enriched in the focal adhesion pathway, with a notable decrease in expression levels in the collagen hydrogel group compared to the control group. Protein-protein interaction network analysis suggested that actinin alpha 1 (ACTN1) and actinin alpha 4 (ACTN4), two proteins also involved in cytoskeletal recombination, may be crucial in collagen hydrogel-induced chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Additionally, we found that N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation (m6A) modification was involved in collagen hydrogel-mediated chondrogenic differentiation, with fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) implicated in regulating the expression of ACTN1 and ACTN4. These findings suggest that collagen hydrogel might regulate focal adhesion and actin cytoskeletal signaling pathways through down-regulation of ACTN1 and ACTN4 mRNA via FTO-mediated m6A modification, ultimately driving chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of collagen hydrogel-induced chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which may aid in developing more effective strategies for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaotao Chen
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Kai Xiong
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, China
| | - Kanglu Li
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jianwen Cheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Bo Zhu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- International Joint Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- International Joint Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and HandSurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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Zhang Q, Li J, Wang C, Li Z, Luo P, Gao F, Sun W. N6-Methyladenosine in Cell-Fate Determination of BMSCs: From Mechanism to Applications. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0340. [PMID: 38665846 PMCID: PMC11045264 DOI: 10.34133/research.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The methylation of adenosine base at the nitrogen-6 position is referred to as "N6-methyladenosine (m6A)" and is one of the most prevalent epigenetic modifications in eukaryotic mRNA and noncoding RNA (ncRNA). Various m6A complex components known as "writers," "erasers," and "readers" are involved in the function of m6A. Numerous studies have demonstrated that m6A plays a crucial role in facilitating communication between different cell types, hence influencing the progression of diverse physiological and pathological phenomena. In recent years, a multitude of functions and molecular pathways linked to m6A have been identified in the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Nevertheless, a comprehensive summary of these findings has yet to be provided. In this review, we primarily examined the m6A alteration of transcripts associated with transcription factors (TFs), as well as other crucial genes and pathways that are involved in the differentiation of BMSCs. Meanwhile, the mutual interactive network between m6A modification, miRNAs, and lncRNAs was intensively elucidated. In the last section, given the beneficial effect of m6A modification in osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of BMSCs, we expounded upon the potential utility of m6A-related therapeutic interventions in the identification and management of human musculoskeletal disorders manifesting bone and cartilage destruction, such as osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, osteoarthritis, and bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics,
Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Junyou Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Peking UniversityThird Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhizhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,
the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Pan Luo
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Fuqiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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3
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Huang Q, Sun Y, Huang W, Zhang F, He H, He Y, Huang F. FTO Positively Regulates Odontoblastic Differentiation via SMOC2 in Human Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla under Inflammatory Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4045. [PMID: 38612855 PMCID: PMC11012055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Odontoblastic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) is crucial for continued root development and dentin formation in immature teeth with apical periodontitis (AP). Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) has been reported to regulate bone regeneration and osteogenic differentiation profoundly. However, the effect of FTO on hSCAPs remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the potential function of FTO in hSCAPs' odontoblastic differentiation under normal and inflammatory conditions and to investigate its underlying mechanism preliminarily. Histological staining and micro-computed tomography were used to evaluate root development and FTO expression in SD rats with induced AP. The odontoblastic differentiation ability of hSCAPs was assessed via alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. Gain- and loss-of-function assays and online bioinformatics tools were conducted to explore the function of FTO and its potential mechanism in modulating hSCAPs differentiation. Significantly downregulated FTO expression and root developmental defects were observed in rats with AP. FTO expression notably increased during in vitro odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs, while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibited FTO expression and odontoblastic differentiation. Knockdown of FTO impaired odontoblastic differentiation, whereas FTO overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effects of LPS on differentiation. Furthermore, FTO promoted the expression of secreted modular calcium-binding protein 2 (SMOC2), and the knockdown of SMOC2 in hSCAPs partially attenuated the promotion of odontoblastic differentiation mediated by FTO overexpression under LPS-induced inflammation. This study revealed that FTO positively regulates the odontoblastic differentiation ability of hSCAPs by promoting SMOC2 expression. Furthermore, LPS-induced inflammation compromises the odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs by downregulating FTO, highlighting the promising role of FTO in regulating hSCAPs differentiation under the inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Wushuang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Fuping Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.H.); (Y.S.); (W.H.); (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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Wu J, Niu L, Yang K, Xu J, Zhang D, Ling J, Xia P, Wu Y, Liu X, Liu J, Zhang J, Yu P. The role and mechanism of RNA-binding proteins in bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102234. [PMID: 38367813 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent chronic metabolic bone disease that poses a significant risk of fractures or mortality in elderly individuals. Its pathophysiological basis is often attributed to postmenopausal estrogen deficiency and natural aging, making the progression of primary osteoporosis among elderly people, especially older women, seemingly inevitable. The treatment and prevention of osteoporosis progression have been extensively discussed. Recently, as researchers delve deeper into the molecular biological mechanisms of bone remodeling, they have come to realize the crucial role of posttranscriptional gene control in bone metabolism homeostasis. RNA-binding proteins, as essential actors in posttranscriptional activities, may exert influence on osteoporosis progression by regulating the RNA life cycle. This review compiles recent findings on the involvement of RNA-binding proteins in abnormal bone metabolism in osteoporosis and describes the impact of some key RNA-binding proteins on bone metabolism regulation. Additionally, we explore the potential and rationale for modulating RNA-binding proteins as a means of treating osteoporosis, with an overview of drugs that target these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Wu
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 332000, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Niu
- HuanKui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kangping Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 332000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 332000, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China.
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5
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Liu WW, Zheng SQ, Li T, Fei YF, Wang C, Zhang S, Wang F, Jiang GM, Wang H. RNA modifications in cellular metabolism: implications for metabolism-targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:70. [PMID: 38531882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is an intricate network satisfying bioenergetic and biosynthesis requirements of cells. Relevant studies have been constantly making inroads in our understanding of pathophysiology, and inspiring development of therapeutics. As a crucial component of epigenetics at post-transcription level, RNA modification significantly determines RNA fates, further affecting various biological processes and cellular phenotypes. To be noted, immunometabolism defines the metabolic alterations occur on immune cells in different stages and immunological contexts. In this review, we characterize the distribution features, modifying mechanisms and biological functions of 8 RNA modifications, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), Pseudouridine (Ψ), adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, which are relatively the most studied types. Then regulatory roles of these RNA modification on metabolism in diverse health and disease contexts are comprehensively described, categorized as glucose, lipid, amino acid, and mitochondrial metabolism. And we highlight the regulation of RNA modifications on immunometabolism, further influencing immune responses. Above all, we provide a thorough discussion about clinical implications of RNA modification in metabolism-targeted therapy and immunotherapy, progression of RNA modification-targeted agents, and its potential in RNA-targeted therapeutics. Eventually, we give legitimate perspectives for future researches in this field from methodological requirements, mechanistic insights, to therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Qing Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yun-Fei Fei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Guan-Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China.
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Wang Y, Yang C, Wan J, Liu P, Yu H, Yang X, Ma D. Bone marrow adipocyte: Origin, biology and relationship with hematological malignancy. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:10-19. [PMID: 37926488 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has been histologically recognized for decades. In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis to quantitatively analyze the clusters of keywords of BMAT and hematopoiesis to better understand BMAT and hematopoiesis. Starting with conclusive keywords, our results demonstrated that BMAds is distinct from extramedullary adipose tissues and maintains a routine but dynamic accumulation throughout an individual's life. Various pathophysiological factors take part in dysregulation of the adipose-osteogenic balance throughout life. Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are also contradictorily involved in normal hematopoiesis, and positively participate in the occurrence and progression of hematologic malignancies, exerting a chemoprotective role in tumor treatment. Mechanically, metabolic reprogramming and abnormal secretory profile of BMAds and tumor cells play a critical role in the chemotherapy resistance. Overall, we hope that this work will provide new ideas for relevant future research on BMAds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
- School for Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pediatrics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junzhao Wan
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
| | - Hantao Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pediatrics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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7
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Liu H, Chang Z, Liu S, Zhu R, Ma J, Lu X, Li L, Zhang Z. MEDAG expression in vitro and paeoniflorin alleviates bone loss by regulating the MEDAG/AMPK/PPARγ signaling pathway in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24241. [PMID: 38226230 PMCID: PMC10788805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by reduced bone mass and impaired bone microstructure. Paeoniflorin (PF) is isolated from peony root with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and bone-protective effects. Up to now, the mechanism of anti-OP in PF has not been completely clarified. Methods The expression of MEDAG in osteoclasts, osteoblasts and adipocytes was detected by RT-qPCR. The OVX mouse model was constructed, and oral administration of PF was performed for 15 weeks. Bone microstructure was detected by H&E staining and a micro-CT system, and expression of signaling proteins examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. ELISA and biochemical kits were used to quantify serum metabolite levels. Key findings MEDAG were upregulated in osteoclasts and adipocytes, and downregulated in osteoblasts. PF administration effectively alleviated OVX-induced bone loss, and histological changes in femur tissues. Moreover, PF significantly reduced serum TRAP, CTX-1, P1NP, BALP, and LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C. In addition, PF inhibited the expression of MEDAG, cathepsin K, NFATc1, PPARγ, and C/EBPα and increased p-AMPKα, OPG and Runx2. Conclusions MEDAG is a potential target for bone diseases, and PF might attenuate OVX-induced osteoporosis via MEDAG/AMPK/PPARγ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Liu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyue Chang
- The 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuling Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Ma
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Gu Y, Song Y, Pan Y, Liu J. The essential roles of m 6A modification in osteogenesis and common bone diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:335-345. [PMID: 37588215 PMCID: PMC10425797 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification in the eukaryotic transcriptome and has a wide range of functions in coding and noncoding RNAs. It affects the fate of the modified RNA, including its stability, splicing, and translation, and plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation. Bones play a key role in supporting and protecting muscles and other organs, facilitating the movement of the organism, ensuring blood production, etc. Bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone tumors are serious public health problems. The processes of bone development and osteogenic differentiation require the precise regulation of gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms including histone, DNA, and RNA modifications. As a reversible dynamic epigenetic mark, m6A modifications affect nearly every important biological process, cellular component, and molecular function, including skeletal development and homeostasis. In recent years, studies have shown that m6A modification is involved in osteogenesis and bone-related diseases. In this review, we summarized the proteins involved in RNA m6A modification and the latest progress in elucidating the regulatory role of m6A modification in bone formation and stem cell directional differentiation. We also discussed the pathological roles and potential molecular mechanisms of m6A modification in bone-related diseases like osteoporosis and osteosarcoma and suggested potential areas for new strategies that could be used to prevent or treat bone defects and bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yidan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yihua Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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9
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Zheng J, Lu Y, Lin Y, Si S, Guo B, Zhao X, Cui L. Epitranscriptomic modifications in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation: advances, mechanistic insights, and beyond. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:9-27. [PMID: 37985811 PMCID: PMC10782030 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications, known as the "epitranscriptome", represent a key layer of regulation that influences a wide array of biological processes in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These modifications, catalyzed by specific enzymes, often termed "writers", "readers", and "erasers", can dynamically alter the MSCs' transcriptomic landscape, thereby modulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and responses to environmental cues. These enzymes include members of the classes METTL, IGF2BP, WTAP, YTHD, FTO, NAT, and others. Many of these RNA-modifying agents are active during MSC lineage differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of different RNA modifications in MSCs, their roles in regulating stem cell behavior, and their implications in MSC-based therapies. It delves into how RNA modifications impact MSC biology, the functional significance of individual modifications, and the complex interplay among these modifications. We further discuss how these intricate regulatory mechanisms contribute to the functional diversity of MSCs, and how they might be harnessed for therapeutic applications. The review also highlights current challenges and potential future directions in the study of RNA modifications in MSCs, emphasizing the need for innovative tools to precisely map these modifications and decipher their context-specific effects. Collectively, this work paves the way for a deeper understanding of the role of the epitranscriptome in MSC biology, potentially advancing therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine and MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Zheng
- Department of Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Si
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA.
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10
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Shao Y, Liu T, Wen X, Zhang R, Liu X, Xing D. The regulatory effect of growth differentiation factor 11 on different cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1323670. [PMID: 38143761 PMCID: PMC10739301 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is one of the important factors in the pathophysiological process of animals. It is widely expressed in many tissues and organs of animals, showing its wide biological activity and potential application value. Previous research has demonstrated that GDF11 has a therapeutic effect on various diseases, such as anti-myocardial aging and anti-tumor. This has not only sparked intense interest and enthusiasm among academics but also spurred some for-profit businesses to attempt to develop GDF11 as a medication for regenerative medicine or anti-aging application. Currently, Sotatercept, a GDF11 antibody drug, is in the marketing application stage, and HS-235 and rGDF11 are in the preclinical research stage. Therefore, we believe that figuring out which cells GDF11 acts on and its current problems should be an important issue in the scientific and commercial communities. Only through extensive, comprehensive research and discussion can we better understand the role and potential of GDF11, while avoiding unnecessary risks and misinformation. In this review, we aimed to summarize the role of GDF11 in different cells and its current controversies and challenges, providing an important reference for us to deeply understand the function of GDF11 and formulate more effective treatment strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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11
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Huang M, Guo J, Liu L, Jin H, Chen X, Zou J. m6A demethylase FTO and osteoporosis: potential therapeutic interventions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275475. [PMID: 38020896 PMCID: PMC10667916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease, characterized by a descent in bone mass due to the dysregulation of bone homeostasis. Although different studies have identified an association between osteoporosis and epigenetic alterations in osteogenic genes, the mechanisms of osteoporosis remain unclear. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a methylated adenosine nucleotide, which regulates the translocation, exporting, translation, and decay of RNA. FTO is the first identified m6A demethylase, which eliminates m6A modifications from RNAs. Variation in FTO disturbs m6A methylation in RNAs to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Besides, FTO as an obesity-associated gene, also affects osteogenesis by regulating adipogenesis. Pharmacological inhibition of FTO markedly altered bone mass, bone mineral density and the distribution of adipose tissue. Small molecules which modulate FTO function are potentially novel remedies to the treatment of osteoporosis by adjusting the m6A levels. This article reviews the roles of m6A demethylase FTO in regulating bone metabolism and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiming Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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12
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Zhou J, Zhu Y, Ai D, Zhou M, Li H, Li G, Zheng L, Song J. Advanced glycation end products impair bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis in periodontitis with diabetes via FTO-mediated N 6-methyladenosine modification of sclerostin. J Transl Med 2023; 21:781. [PMID: 37925419 PMCID: PMC10625275 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis are two prevalent diseases with mutual influence. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in hyperglycemia may impair cell function and worsen periodontal conditions. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an important post-transcriptional modification in RNAs that regulates cell fate determinant and progression of diseases. However, whether m6A methylation participates in the process of periodontitis with diabetes is unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of AGEs on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), elucidate the m6A modification mechanism in diabetes-associated periodontitis. METHODS Periodontitis with diabetes were established by high-fat diet/streptozotocin injection and silk ligation. M6A modifications in alveolar bone were demonstrated by RNA immunoprecipitation sequence. BMSCs treated with AGEs, fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) protein knockdown and sclerostin (SOST) interference were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence, alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin red S staining. RESULTS Diabetes damaged alveolar bone regeneration was validated in vivo. In vitro experiments showed AGEs inhibited BMSCs osteogenesis and influenced the FTO expression and m6A level in total RNA. FTO knockdown increased the m6A levels and reversed the AGE-induced inhibition of BMSCs differentiation. Mechanically, FTO regulated m6A modification on SOST transcripts, and AGEs affected the binding of FTO to SOST transcripts. FTO knockdown accelerated the degradation of SOST mRNA in presence of AGEs. Interference with SOST expression in AGE-treated BMSCs partially rescued the osteogenesis by activating Wnt Signaling. CONCLUSIONS AGEs impaired BMSCs osteogenesis by regulating SOST in an m6A-dependent manner, presenting a promising method for bone regeneration treatment of periodontitis with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongqing Ai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangyue Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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13
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Luo L, Cao H, Zhou L, Zhang G, Wu L. Anti-resorption role of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) during large-scale bone reconstruction using porous titanium alloy scaffolds through inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213634. [PMID: 37783002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ti6Al4V biomaterials combine with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported with great bone regeneration capacity. It is important to better understand how LIPUS benefits bone microenvironment to seek for target of therapeutic medicine. Osteoclast differentiation plays a crucial role in bone resorption. Recent advances in molecular biology have revealed that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modifications can modulate biological processes, but their role in bone biology, particularly in osteoclast differentiation, remains unclear. We aim to understand how LIPUS regulates bone microenvironment especially osteoclast formation during bone regeneration to provide new therapeutic options for preventing and delaying bone resorption, thus with better bone regeneration efficiency. RESULTS 1. LIPUS promoted bone ingrowth and bone maturity while inhibiting osteoclast formation within Ti6Al4V scaffolds in large-scale bone defect model. 2. LIPUS was found to inhibit osteoclast differentiation by decreasing the overall expression of osteoclast markers in vitro. 3. LIPUS decreases RNA m6A-modification level through upregulating FTO expression during osteoclast differentiation during. 4. Inhibiting FTO expression and function leads to less inhibition during osteoclast differentiation. CONCLUSION LIPUS suppresses osteoclast differentiation during bone regeneration through reducing m6A modification of osteoclastic RNAs by up regulating FTO expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hongjuan Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Guangdao Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China.
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14
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Feng L, Zhao W, Fan Y, Yuan C, Zhang X. RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO inhibits glucocorticoid-induced osteoblast differentiation and function in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1835-1847. [PMID: 37882437 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Excess glucocorticoids (GCs) have been reported as key factors that impair osteoblast (OB) differentiation and function. However, the role of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) in this process has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we report that both the mRNA and protein expression of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), a key m6 A demethylase, were dose-dependently downregulated during OB differentiation by dexamethasone (DEX) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and FTO was gradually increased during OB differentiation. Meanwhile, FTO knockdown suppressed OB differentiation and mineralization, whereas overexpression of wide-type FTO, but not mutant FTO (mutated m6 A demethylase active site), reversed DEX-induced osteogenesis impairment. Interfering with FTO inhibited proliferation and the expression of Ki67 and Pcna in BMSCs during OB differentiation, whereas forced expression of wide-type FTO improved DEX-induced inhibition of BMSCs proliferation. Moreover, FTO knockdown reduced the mRNA stability of the OB marker genes Alpl and Col1a1, and FTO-modulated OB differentiation via YTHDF1 and YTHDF2. In conclusion, our results suggest that FTO inhibits the GCs-induced OB differentiation and function of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Feng
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengcheng Yuan
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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15
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Liu J, An J, Jiang N, Yang K, Guan C, Zhao N, Cheng J, Fu S, Ma C, Ma X, Tang X. Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit lipogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells by activating β-catenin. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110721. [PMID: 37739048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) lineage differentiation leads to osteoporosis. Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPPs) have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicines, due to their multiple pharmacological actions. However, little is known regarding their effects on BMSC differentiation. This study aimed to identify the effects and mechanisms of CPPs on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in rat BMSCs. An osteoporosis model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), and be applied to observe the effect of CPPs on osteoporosis in vivo. The ability of CPPs to affect rBMSC proliferation was determined using the CCK-8 assay, and the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs measured by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. The adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs was measured by Oil Red O staining. The mRNA and protein levels related to osteogenesis and adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs were measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Cellular immunofluorescence was used to detect cytokine expression and localisation in rBMSCs. We observed that CPPs ameliorated bone loss in OVX rats. CPPs considerably enhanced osteogenic differentiation by increasing ALP activity and the prevalence of mineralised nodules and promoting the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic differentiation markers (RUNX2, COL I, ALP, and OPN). Furthermore, it inhibited the accumulation of lipid vesicles in the cytoplasm and the mRNA and protein expression levels of adipogenic differentiation markers (PPARγ and C/EBPα) in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, CPPs notably increased the mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin, the core protein of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, in a concentration-dependent manner. Adding DKK1, a mature inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, partially suppressed CPP-stimulated β-catenin activation, and reversed the acceleration of osteogenic differentiation and the inhibition of lipogenic differentiation. Our observations demonstrated CPPs ameliorate bone loss in OVX rats in vivo, and favour osteogenic differentiation while inhibit adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in vitro. The findings suggested that CPPs could serve as functional foods for bone health, and have great potential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jinyang An
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Na Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Conghui Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Songbo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Chengxu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiaoni Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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16
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Ji R, Wu C, Yao J, Xu J, Lin J, Gu H, Fu M, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhang X. IGF2BP2-meidated m 6A modification of CSF2 reprograms MSC to promote gastric cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:693. [PMID: 37865637 PMCID: PMC10590395 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between tumor cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer progression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important tumor stromal cells that exhibit pro-oncogenic activities when reprogrammed by the tumor. However, the precise mechanisms underlying MSC reprogramming in gastric cancer remain not well understood. QRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to examine gene and protein expression levels. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the biological functions of gastric cancer cells. RNA-sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and meRIP assays were performed to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms. We found a significant increase in the expression and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification levels of colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) in gastric cancer MSCs. CSF2 gene overexpression induced the reprogramming of normal MSCs into cancer-promoting MSCs, thereby enhancing the proliferation, migration, and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells through the secretion of various pro-inflammatory factors. Additionally, we demonstrated that the m6A reader IGF2BP2 bound to and stabilized CSF2 mRNA in gastric cancer MSCs. Notably, overexpression of IGF2BP2 mimicked the effect of CSF2 on MSCs, promoting gastric cancer progression. Finally, we unveiled that CSF2 induced the ubiquitination of Notch1 to reprogram MSCs. Our study highlights a critical role of IGF2BP2-mediated m6A modification of CSF2 in reprogramming MSCs, which presents a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbi Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongbing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Fu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongkang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Yin J, Qi TF, Yang YY, Vera-Colón M, Zur Nieden NI, Wang Y. Temporal Profiling of Epitranscriptomic Modulators during Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:2179-2185. [PMID: 37348120 PMCID: PMC10330632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis is modulated by multiple regulatory networks. Recent studies showed that RNA modifications and their reader, writer, and eraser (RWE) proteins are involved in regulating various biological processes. Few studies, however, were conducted to investigate the functions of RNA modifications and their RWE proteins in osteogenesis. By using LC-MS/MS in parallel-reaction monitoring (PRM) mode, we performed a comprehensive quantitative assessment of 154 epitranscriptomic RWE proteins throughout the entire time course of osteogenic differentiation in H9 human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We found that approximately half of the 127 detected RWE proteins were down-regulated during osteogenic differentiation, and they included mainly proteins involved in RNA methylation and pseudouridylation. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis unveiled significant associations between the down-regulated epitranscriptomic RWE proteins and osteogenesis-related proteins. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of publicly available RNA-seq data obtained from osteogenesis imperfecta patients suggested a potential role of METTL1 in osteogenesis through the cytokine network. Together, this is the first targeted profiling of epitranscriptomic RWE proteins during osteogenic differentiation of human ESCs, and our work unveiled potential regulatory roles of these proteins in osteogenesis. LC-MS/MS data were deposited on ProteomeXchange (PXD039249).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiekai Yin
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Tianyu F Qi
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Yen-Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Madeline Vera-Colón
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
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18
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Shao Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Yuan Y, Xing D. Growth differentiation factor 11: A new hope for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 71-72:82-93. [PMID: 37414617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that has garnered significant attention due to its anti-cardiac aging properties. Many studies have revealed that GDF11 plays an indispensable role in the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Consequently, it has emerged as a potential target and novel therapeutic agent for CVD treatment. However, currently, no literature reviews comprehensively summarize the research on GDF11 in the context of CVDs. Therefore, herein, we comprehensively described GDF11's structure, function, and signaling in various tissues. Furthermore, we focused on the latest findings concerning its involvement in CVD development and its potential for clinical translation as a CVD treatment. We aim to provide a theoretical basis for the prospects and future research directions of the GDF11 application regarding CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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19
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Hu Y, Xiong Y, Zha K, Tao R, Chen L, Xue H, Yan C, Lin Z, Endo Y, Cao F, Zhou W, Liu G. Melatonin Promotes BMSCs Osteoblastic Differentiation and Relieves Inflammation by Suppressing the NF- κB Pathways. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7638842. [PMID: 37274021 PMCID: PMC10232925 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7638842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an important role in maintaining the dynamic balance of bone metabolism. Recent studies have reported that a decrease in the osteogenic function of MSCs is strongly associated with osteoporosis. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone produced in the pineal gland and is essential in the physiological regulation. This study is aimed at exploring the effect of melatonin on MSCs osteoblastic differentiation and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We isolated BMSCs from rat bone marrow and demonstrated that melatonin improved osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by the alizarin red staining and ALP staining. We then showed that melatonin enhanced osteogenic gene expression in BMSCs, including ALP, Col 1, OCN, OPN, and RUNX2. We further revealed that melatonin inhibited the inflammatory response of BMSCs by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathways. In light of this, we found that the NF-κB pathway-specific activator TNF-α activated the NF-κB pathway, inhibited osteogenic differentiation, and induced inflammatory response in BMSCs. Melatonin was found to reverse the inhibitory effect of TNF-α on osteogenic differentiation and inflammation in BMSCs. Taken together, these findings indicated that melatonin may have therapeutic potential to be used for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kangkang Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rangyang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02152, USA
| | - Faqi Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
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20
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The Epigenetic Regulation of RNA N6-Methyladenosine Methylation in Glycolipid Metabolism. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020273. [PMID: 36830642 PMCID: PMC9953413 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved and dynamically reversible N6-methyladenine (m6A) modification has emerged as a critical gene expression regulator by affecting RNA splicing, translation efficiency, and stability at the post-transcriptional level, which has been established to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including glycolipid metabolism and the development of glycolipid metabolic disease (GLMD). Hence, accumulating studies have focused on the effects and regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and GLMD. This review summarizes the underlying mechanism of how m6A modification regulates glucose and lipid metabolism-related enzymes, transcription factors, and signaling pathways and the advances of m6A regulatory mechanisms in GLMD in order to deepen the understanding of the association of m6A modification with glycolipid metabolism and GLMD.
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21
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Lin S, Zhong L, Chen J, Zhao Z, Wang R, Zhu Y, Liu J, Wu Y, Ye C, Jin F, Ren Z. GDF11 inhibits adipogenesis of human adipose-derived stromal cells through ALK5/KLF15/β-catenin/PPARγ cascade. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13088. [PMID: 36755591 PMCID: PMC9900277 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by excessive fat storage, and the adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) is closely linked to its occurrence. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a well-known molecule in the field of anti-aging, also has great potential in regulating stem cell differentiation. In this study, we found that GDF11 inhibited adipogenic differentiation of human ADSCs in vitro by activating the WNT/β-catenin and SMAD2/3 pathways while inhibiting the AKT pathway. Moreover, the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) was discovered to be an important downstream factor for GDF11 in inhibiting adipogenesis via the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, AlphaFold2 structure prediction and inhibitor-blocking experiments revealed that ALK5 is a functional receptor of GDF11. Collectively, we demonstrated that GDF11 is a potential target for inhibiting adipogenic differentiation and combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Lin
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lishan Zhong
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zibo Zhao
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongze Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yexuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuifang Ye
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Fujun Jin, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Fujun Jin
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Cuifang Ye, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhe Ren
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Zhe Ren, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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22
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Qiao Y, Li J, Liu D, Zhang C, Liu Y, Zheng S. Identification and experimental validation of key m6A modification regulators as potential biomarkers of osteoporosis. Front Genet 2023; 13:1072948. [PMID: 36685841 PMCID: PMC9852729 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1072948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a severe systemic bone metabolic disease that occurs worldwide. During the coronavirus pandemic, prioritization of urgent services and delay of elective care attenuated routine screening and monitoring of OP patients. There is an urgent need for novel and effective screening diagnostic biomarkers that require minimal technical and time investments. Several studies have indicated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators play essential roles in metabolic diseases, including OP. The aim of this study was to identify key m6A regulators as biomarkers of OP through gene expression data analysis and experimental verification. GSE56815 dataset was served as the training dataset for 40 women with high bone mineral density (BMD) and 40 women with low BMD. The expression levels of 14 major m6A regulators were analyzed to screen for differentially expressed m6A regulators in the two groups. The impact of m6A modification on bone metabolism microenvironment characteristics was explored, including osteoblast-related and osteoclast-related gene sets. Most m6A regulators and bone metabolism-related gene sets were dysregulated in the low-BMD samples, and their relationship was also tightly linked. In addition, consensus cluster analysis was performed, and two distinct m6A modification patterns were identified in the low-BMD samples. Subsequently, by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, we identified four key m6A regulators, namely, METTL16, CBLL1, FTO, and YTHDF2. We built a diagnostic model based on the four m6A regulators. CBLL1 and YTHDF2 were protective factors, whereas METTL16 and FTO were risk factors, and the ROC curve and test dataset validated that this model had moderate accuracy in distinguishing high- and low-BMD samples. Furthermore, a regulatory network was constructed of the four hub m6A regulators and 26 m6A target bone metabolism-related genes, which enhanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification in OP. Finally, the expression of the four key m6A regulators was validated in vivo and in vitro, which is consistent with the bioinformatic analysis results. Our findings identified four key m6A regulators that are essential for bone metabolism and have specific diagnostic value in OP. These modules could be used as biomarkers of OP in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yang Liu
- *Correspondence: Yang Liu, ; Shuguo Zheng,
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23
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Wang Z, Wen S, Zhong M, Yang Z, Xiong W, Zhang K, Yang S, Li H, Guo S. Epigenetics: Novel crucial approach for osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231175364. [PMID: 37342486 PMCID: PMC10278427 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231175364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone has a robust regenerative potential, but its capacity to repair critical-sized bone defects is limited. In recent years, stem cells have attracted significant interest for their potential in tissue engineering. Applying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for enhancing bone regeneration is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, maintaining optimal cell efficacy or viability of MSCs is limited by several factors. Epigenetic modification can cause changes in gene expression levels without changing its sequence, mainly including nucleic acids methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. This modification is believed to be one of the determinants of MSCs fate and differentiation. Understanding the epigenetic modification of MSCs can improve the activity and function of stem cells. This review summarizes recent advances in the epigenetic mechanisms of MSCs differentiation into osteoblast lineages. We expound that epigenetic modification of MSCs can be harnessed to treat bone defects and promote bone regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Si Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziming Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huizheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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24
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Plaz Torres MC, Jaffe A, Perry R, Marabotto E, Strazzabosco M, Giannini EG. Diabetes medications and risk of HCC. Hepatology 2022; 76:1880-1897. [PMID: 35239194 PMCID: PMC9790535 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a recognized risk factor for HCC in patients with liver disease, independent from the etiology of their liver disease. Hence, prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its underlying cause, insulin resistance, should be considered a treatment target for patients with liver disease. The drug armamentarium for diabetes is wide and consists of agents with insulin-sensitizing activity, agents that stimulate insulin secretion, insulin itself, and agents that reduce gastrointestinal and urinary glucose absorption. From an endocrinology perspective, the main goal of treatment is the achievement of euglycemia; however, in patients at risk of, or with known underlying liver disease, the choice of diabetic medication as it relates to potential hepatic carcinogenesis remains complex and should be carefully considered. In the last decade, increasing evidence has suggested that metformin may reduce the risk of HCC, whereas evidence for other classes of diabetic medications, particularly some of the newer agents including the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, is fewer and often inconsistent. In this review, we aim to summarize the current evidence on the potential effects of the most widely used diabetic agents on liver cancer tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Corina Plaz Torres
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal MedicineIRCCS—Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Ariel Jaffe
- Liver CenterDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Rachel Perry
- Liver CenterDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Section of EndocrinologyDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal MedicineIRCCS—Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Liver CenterDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Edoardo G. Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal MedicineIRCCS—Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of GenoaGenoaItaly
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25
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He M, Lei H, He X, Liu Y, Wang A, Ren Z, Liu X, Yan G, Wang W, Wang Y, Li G, Wang T, Pu J, Shen Z, Wang Y, Xie J, Du W, Yuan Y, Yang L. METTL14 Regulates Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Inducing Autophagy Through m6A/IGF2BPs/Beclin-1 Signal Axis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:987-1001. [PMID: 35980318 PMCID: PMC9492283 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of osteoporosis is often accompanied by autophagy disturbance, which also causes new osteoblast defects from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) is the main enzyme for N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs, and it has been implicated in many bioprocesses. Herein, we demonstrate that METTL14 plays a critical role in autophagy induction and hinders osteoporosis process whose expression is decreased both in human osteoporosis bone tissue and ovariectomy (OVX) mice. In vivo, METTL14+/− knockdown mice exhibit elevated bone loss and impaired autophagy similar to the OVX mice, while overexpression of METTL14 significantly promotes bone formation and inhibits the progression of osteoporosis caused by OVX surgery. In vitro, METTL14 overexpression significantly enhances the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs through regulating the expression of beclin-1 depending on m6A modification and inducing autophagy; the opposite is true with METTL14 silencing. Subsequently, m6A-binding proteins IGF2BP1/2/3 recognize m6A-methylated beclin-1 mRNA and promote its translation via mediating RNA stabilization. Furthermore, METTL14 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, our study reveals the METTL14/IGF2BPs/beclin-1 signal axis in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and highlights the critical roles of METTL14-mediated m6A modification in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gege Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Pu
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanquan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Xie
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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26
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del Valle-Morales D, Le P, Saviana M, Romano G, Nigita G, Nana-Sinkam P, Acunzo M. The Epitranscriptome in miRNAs: Crosstalk, Detection, and Function in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071289. [PMID: 35886072 PMCID: PMC9316458 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epitranscriptome encompasses all post-transcriptional modifications that occur on RNAs. These modifications can alter the function and regulation of their RNA targets, which, if dysregulated, result in various diseases and cancers. As with other RNAs, miRNAs are highly modified by epitranscriptomic modifications such as m6A methylation, 2′-O-methylation, m5C methylation, m7G methylation, polyuridine, and A-to-I editing. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have gathered high clinical interest due to their role in disease, development, and cancer progression. Epitranscriptomic modifications alter the targeting, regulation, and biogenesis of miRNAs, increasing the complexity of miRNA regulation. In addition, emerging studies have revealed crosstalk between these modifications. In this review, we will summarize the epitranscriptomic modifications—focusing on those relevant to miRNAs—examine the recent crosstalk between these modifications, and give a perspective on how this crosstalk expands the complexity of miRNA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel del Valle-Morales
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
| | - Patricia Le
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
| | - Michela Saviana
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
| | - Giulia Romano
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
| | - Mario Acunzo
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.d.V.-M.); (P.L.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (P.N.-S.)
- Correspondence:
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Gebeyew K, Yang C, Mi H, Cheng Y, Zhang T, Hu F, Yan Q, He Z, Tang S, Tan Z. Lipid metabolism and m 6A RNA methylation are altered in lambs supplemented rumen-protected methionine and lysine in a low-protein diet. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:85. [PMID: 35821163 PMCID: PMC9277831 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Methionine or lysine has been reported to influence DNA methylation and fat metabolism, but their combined effects in N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) RNA methylation remain unclarified. The combined effects of rumen-protected methionine and lysine (RML) in a low-protein (LP) diet on lipid metabolism, m6A RNA methylation, and fatty acid (FA) profiles in the liver and muscle of lambs were investigated. Sixty-three male lambs were divided into three treatment groups, three pens per group and seven lambs per pen. The lambs were fed a 14.5% crude protein (CP) diet (adequate protein [NP]), 12.5% CP diet (LP), and a LP diet plus RML (LP + RML) for 60 d. Results The results showed that the addition of RML in a LP diet tended to lower the concentrations of plasma leptin (P = 0.07), triglyceride (P = 0.05), and non-esterified FA (P = 0.08). Feeding a LP diet increased the enzyme activity or mRNA expression of lipogenic enzymes and decreased lipolytic enzymes compared with the NP diet. This effect was reversed by supplementation of RML with a LP diet. The inclusion of RML in a LP diet affected the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA in the liver but not in the muscle, which might be linked with altered expression of FA desaturase-1 (FADS1) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). A LP diet supplemented with RML increased (P < 0.05) total m6A levels in the liver and muscle and were accompanied by decreased expression of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and alkB homologue 5 (ALKBH5). The mRNA expressions of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) in the LP + RML diet group were lower than those in the other two groups. Supplementation of RML with a LP diet affected only liver YTH domain family (YTHDF2) proteins (P < 0.05) and muscle YTHDF3 (P = 0.09), which can be explained by limited m6A-binding proteins that were mediated in mRNA fate. Conclusions Our findings showed that the inclusion of RML in a LP diet could alter fat deposition through modulations of lipogenesis and lipolysis in the liver and muscle. These changes in fat metabolism may be associated with the modification of m6A RNA methylation. Graphical abstract A systematic graph illustrates the mechanism of dietary methionine and lysine influence on lipid metabolism and M6A. The green arrow with triangular heads indicates as activation and brown-wine arrows with flat heads indicates as suppression.
![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00733-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefyalew Gebeyew
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chao Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Mi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianxi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiongxian Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
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Lu L, Wang L, Wu J, Yang M, Chen B, Wang H, Gan K. DNMT3a promotes osteoblast differentiation and alleviates osteoporosis via the PPARγ/ SCD1/ GLUT1 axis. Epigenomics 2022; 14:777-792. [PMID: 35765985 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to elucidate the role of DNMT3a and PPARγ functions in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Materials & methods: Mice were ovariectomized to establish an in vivo osteoporosis model and MC3T3-E1-14 osteoblasts were induced to differentiate. Gain- or loss-of-function approaches were used to manipulate the expression of PPARγ, DNMT3a and SCD1, followed by an evaluation of their role in postmenopausal osteoporosis both in vivo and in vitro. Results: DNMT3a induced methylation of the PPARγ promoter region, consequently stimulating osteoblast differentiation. PPARγ elevated SCD1, which decreased GLUT1 and inhibited osteoblast differentiation. Inhibition of PPARγ reduced SCD1 while increasing GLUT1 expression, thus alleviating postmenopausal osteoporosis in mice. Conclusion: DNMT3a promotes osteoblast differentiation and prevents postmenopausal osteoporosis by regulating the PPARγ/SCD1/GLUT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjie Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jiqiong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Minjie Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiujiang No. 1 People's Hospital, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Binhui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Huihan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Kaifeng Gan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
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29
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Han J, Kong H, Wang X, Zhang XA. Novel insights into the interaction between N6-methyladenosine methylation and noncoding RNAs in musculoskeletal disorders. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13294. [PMID: 35735243 PMCID: PMC9528765 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) are a class of inflammatory and degener-ative diseases, but the precise molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSD. This review summarized the interaction be-tween m6A RNA methylation and ncRNAs in the molecular regulatory mechanism of MSD. It provides a new perspective for the pathophysiological mechanism and ncRNA m6A targeted therapy of MSD. METHODS A comprehensive search of databases was conducted with musculoskeletal disorders, noncoding RNA, N6-methyladenosine, intervertebral disc degeneration, oste-oporosis, osteosarcoma, osteoarthritis, skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage as the key-words. Then, summarized all the relevant articles. RESULTS Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), osteoporosis (OP), osteosarcoma (OS), and osteoarthritis (OA) are common MSDs that affect muscle, bone, cartilage, and joint, leading to limited movement, pain, and disability. However, the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, and no effective treatment and drug is available at present. Numerous studies confirmed that the mutual regulation between m6A and ncRNAs (i.e., microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs) was found in MSD, m6A modification can regulate ncRNAs, and ncRNAs can also target m6A regulators. ncRNA m6A modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSDs by regulating the homeostasis of skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage. CONCLUSION m6A interacts with ncRNAs to regulate multiple biological processes and plays important roles in IDD, OP, OS, and OA. These studies provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of MSD and targeting m6A-modified ncRNAs may be a promising therapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Han
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Kong
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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30
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Jiapaer Z, Su D, Hua L, Lehmann HI, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Song S, Zhang L, Gong Y, Li G. Regulation and roles of RNA modifications in aging-related diseases. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13657. [PMID: 35718942 PMCID: PMC9282851 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging of the global population, accumulating interest is focused on manipulating the fundamental aging-related signaling pathways to delay the physiological aging process and eventually slow or prevent the appearance or severity of multiple aging-related diseases. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that RNA modifications, which were historically considered infrastructural features of cellular RNAs, are dynamically regulated across most of the RNA species in cells and thereby critically involved in major biological processes, including cellular senescence and aging. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about RNA modifications and provide a catalog of RNA modifications on different RNA species, including mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNA, tRNAs, and rRNAs. Most importantly, we focus on the regulation and roles of these RNA modifications in aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cataracts, osteoporosis, and fertility decline. This would be an important step toward a better understanding of fundamental aging mechanisms and thereby facilitating the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyidan Jiapaer
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Dingwen Su
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lingyang Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Helge Immo Lehmann
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gururaja Vulugundam
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Shannan Song
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Lingying Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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FTO rs62033406 A>G associated with the risk of osteonecrosis of the femoral head among the Chinese Han population. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:132. [PMID: 35706030 PMCID: PMC9202150 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat mass and obesity-related (FTO) mRNA was downregulated in osteonecrosis patients. The study aimed to evaluate the correlation between FTO polymorphisms and the susceptibility of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). METHODS Six polymorphisms in FTO were genotyped via the Agena MassARRAY in 498 ONFH patients and 498 healthy controls. Multiple genetic models were used to assess the correlation between FTO polymorphisms and ONFH risk by SNPStats. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a logistic regression model adjusted by age, gender, smoking and drinking. RESULTS The risk-increasing association of rs62033406 A>G with ONFH was found (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.50, p = 0.014). Specially, FTO rs62033406 A>G was related to the risk of ONFH in the subgroup at age > 51 years (OR = 1.25, p = 4.00 × 10-4), females (OR = 1.74, p = 1.00 × 10-4), smokers (OR = 1.82, p = 0.005) and drinkers (OR = 1.89, p = 0.002), respectively. The best multi-loci model was the five-loci model, a combination of rs9930333 T>G, rs1558902 T>A, rs56094641 A>G, rs3751812 G>T, and rs62033406 A>G (testing accuracy, 0.5351; p = 0.0004; cross-validation consistency, 10/10). CONCLUSION Our study first revealed that FTO rs62033406 A>G was a risk factor for ONFH among the Chinese Han population, which might provide the new candidate gene for elucidating the pathogenesis of ONFH.
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32
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Effects of BMSC-Derived EVs on Bone Metabolism. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051012. [PMID: 35631601 PMCID: PMC9146387 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles that can be secreted by most cells. EVs can be released into the extracellular environment through exocytosis, transporting endogenous cargo (proteins, lipids, RNAs, etc.) to target cells and thereby triggering the release of these biomolecules and participating in various physiological and pathological processes. Among them, EVs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EVs) have similar therapeutic effects to BMSCs, including repairing damaged tissues, inhibiting macrophage polarization and promoting angiogenesis. In addition, BMSC-EVs, as efficient and feasible natural nanocarriers for drug delivery, have the advantages of low immunogenicity, no ethical controversy, good stability and easy storage, thus providing a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases. In particular, BMSC-EVs show great potential in the treatment of bone metabolic diseases. This article reviews the mechanism of BMSC-EVs in bone formation and bone resorption, which provides new insights for future research on therapeutic strategies for bone metabolic diseases.
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33
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Chen LS, Zhang M, Chen P, Xiong XF, Liu PQ, Wang HB, Wang JJ, Shen J. The m 6A demethylase FTO promotes the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells by downregulating PPARG. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1311-1323. [PMID: 34462564 PMCID: PMC9061799 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant posttranscriptional methylation modification that occurs in mRNA and modulates the fine-tuning of various biological processes in mammalian development and human diseases. In this study we investigated the role of m6A modification in the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the possible mechanisms by which m6A modification regulated the processes of osteoporosis and bone necrosis. We performed systematic analysis of the differential gene signatures in patients with osteoporosis and bone necrosis and conducted m6A-RNA immunoprecipitation (m6A-RIP) sequencing to identify the potential regulatory genes involved in osteogenesis. We showed that fat mass and obesity (FTO), a primary m6A demethylase, was significantly downregulated in patients with osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. During the differentiation of human MSCs into osteoblasts, FTO was markedly upregulated. Both depletion of FTO and application of the FTO inhibitor FB23 or FB23-2 impaired osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Knockout of FTO in mice resulted in decreased bone mineral density and impaired bone formation. PPARG, a biomarker for osteoporosis, was identified as a critical downstream target of FTO. We further revealed that FTO mediated m6A demethylation in the 3'UTR of PPARG mRNA, and reduced PPARG mRNA stability in an YTHDF1-dependent manner. Overexpression of PPARG alleviated FTO-mediated osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, whereas knockdown of PPARG promoted FTO-induced expression of the osteoblast biomarkers ALPL and OPN during osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, this study demonstrates the functional significance of the FTO-PPARG axis in promoting the osteogenesis of human MSCs and sheds light on the role of m6A modification in mediating osteoporosis and osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-shan Chen
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Meng Zhang
- grid.414011.10000 0004 1808 090XDepartment of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450003 China
| | - Peng Chen
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Xiao-feng Xiong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Pei-qing Liu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Hai-bin Wang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Jun-jian Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Juan Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Wei B, Zeng M, Yang J, Li S, Zhang J, Ding N, Jiang Z. N6-Methyladenosine RNA Modification: A Potential Regulator of Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:835205. [PMID: 35445023 PMCID: PMC9013802 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.835205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation (SCT) holds great promise for overcoming diseases by regenerating damaged cells, tissues and organs. The potential for self-renewal and differentiation is the key to SCT. RNA methylation, a dynamic and reversible epigenetic modification, is able to regulate the ability of stem cells to differentiate and regenerate. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the richest form of RNA methylation in eukaryotes and is regulated by three classes of proteins: methyltransferase complexes, demethylase complexes and m6A binding proteins. Through the coordination of these proteins, RNA methylation precisely modulates the expression of important target genes by affecting mRNA stability, translation, selective splicing, processing and microRNA maturation. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings on the regulation of m6A modification in embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and adult stem cells, hoping to provide new insights into improving SCT technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wei
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Human International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Meiyu Zeng
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuainan Li
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Institution of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Ding, ; Zhisheng Jiang,
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Human International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Ding, ; Zhisheng Jiang,
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35
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Sun R, Zhang C, Liu Y, Chen Z, Liu W, Yang F, Zeng F, Guo Q. Demethylase FTO promotes mechanical stress induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs with up-regulation of HIF-1α. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2777-2784. [PMID: 35006515 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In orthodontics, mechanical stress plays an important role in the process of bone remodeling. Mechanical stress has an effect on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the mechanism remains to be studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of demethyltransferase fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs under mechanical stress condition. METHODS AND RESULTS The rat BMSCs were cultured in vitro, followed by flow cytometry to identify the cell surface antigens. Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was induced by mechanical stress by using the flexcell tension system for 6 h every day and 3 days in total. BMSCs were transfected by using plasmid for FTO knockdown. The expression level of FTO, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by real-time qPCR, western blotting. ALP activity were determined by ALP staining assays. The expression of FTO and HIF-1α in BMSCs with mechanical stress were significantly higher than BMSCs without mechanical stress, also, the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers were higher in BMSCs with mechanical stress. Knockdown of FTO decreased expression of osteogenic differentiation marker and ALP activity in stretched BMSCs. In addition, the expression of HIF-1α was decreased after knocking down FTO. CONCLUSIONS FTO promotes the expression of HIF-1α and osteogenic differentiation under the condition of mechanical stress. This finding may facilitate the clinical application of orthodontics and the mechanism research of mechanical stress-induced osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yicong Liu
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenggang Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingyuan Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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36
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Li Y, Meng L, Zhao B. The roles of N6-methyladenosine methylation in the regulation of bone development, bone remodeling and osteoporosis. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108174. [PMID: 35346729 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a novel epitranscriptomic RNA modification, plays crucial roles in a variety of biological processes and diseases. Recently, there are growing evidence supporting that m6A methylation is essential for bone development and homeostasis through the regulation of key genes by regulating RNA stability, localization, turnover and translation efficiency. In this review, we summarized our current understanding of the functional roles of m6A methylation and its related regulators in bone development and bone remodeling. These findings will offer new directions and insights on the further investigations of m6A methylation in bone biology. Moreover, we also discussed important advances of m6A methylation related regulators as potential therapeutic targets, which allows for novel therapeutic strategies on the medications of bone-related diseases including osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Baobing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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37
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Zou Z, He T, Liu Y, Zheng L, Zhong Y, Mo Y, Peng S, Shuai C. Emerging role of m6A modification in osteogenesis of stem cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:177-188. [PMID: 35091784 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts is a key link in the treatment of bone defects and other orthopedic diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, an important post-transcriptional modification, is a methylation that occurs at the N6 site of RNA adenylate. The modification plays a regulatory role in the growth and development of biological individuals, the directional differentiation of stem cells and the occurrence of diseases. It is involved in various processes of the fate decision of stem cells. And it regulates the development and constant renewal of bone and keeps bone homeostasis by controlling and maintaining the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Meanwhile, it also affects the progress of orthopedic-associated diseases such as degenerative osteoporosis and bone tumor. In this review, we mainly summarize the new findings of three key molecules including Writers, Erasers and Readers which regulate m6A modification, and the emerging role of m6A modification in determining the fate and directed differentiation potential of stem cells, especially highlight the regulatory mechanism of osteogenic differentiation, the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis and the occurrence and development of bone-related diseases. It may provide some important ideas about finding new strategies to recover from bone defect and degenerative bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Tiantian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Leliang Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yancheng Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuqing Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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38
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Li H, Li M, Ran X, Cui J, Wei F, Yi G, Chen W, Luo X, Chen Z. The Role of Zinc in Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Cell Reprogram 2022; 24:80-94. [PMID: 35172118 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for bone growth and bone homeostasis in the human body. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are multipotent progenitors existing in the bone marrow stroma with the capability of differentiating along multiple lineage pathways. Zinc plays a paramount role in BMSCs, which can be spurred differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, or adipocytes, and modulates the formation and activity of osteoclasts. The expression of related genes also changed during the differentiation of various cell phenotypes. Based on the important role of zinc in BMSC differentiation, using zinc as a therapeutic approach for bone remodeling will be a promising method. This review explores the role of zinc ion in the differentiation of BMSCs into various cell phenotypes and outlines the existing research on their molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Muzhe Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xun Ran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Juncheng Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fu Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guoliang Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuling Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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39
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A novel inhibitor of N 6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO induces mRNA methylation and shows anti-cancer activities. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:853-866. [PMID: 35256950 PMCID: PMC8897214 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is critical for mRNA splicing, nuclear export, stability and translation. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), the first identified m6A demethylase, is critical for cancer progression. Herein, we developed small-molecule inhibitors of FTO by virtual screening, structural optimization, and bioassay. As a result, two FTO inhibitors namely 18077 and 18097 were identified, which can selectively inhibit demethylase activity of FTO. Specifically, 18097 bound to the active site of FTO and then inhibited cell cycle process and migration of cancer cells. In addition, 18097 reprogrammed the epi-transcriptome of breast cancer cells, particularly for genes related to P53 pathway. 18097 increased the abundance of m6A modification of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) mRNA, which recruited IGF2BP1 to increase mRNA stability of SOCS1 and subsequently activated the P53 signaling pathway. Further, 18097 suppressed cellular lipogenesis via downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), and C/EBPβ. Animal studies confirmed that 18097 can significantly suppress in vivo growth and lung colonization of breast cancer cells. Collectively, we identified that FTO can work as a potential drug target and the small-molecule inhibitor 18097 can serve as a potential agent against breast cancer.
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40
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Mukherjee S, Park JP, Yun JW. Carboxylesterase3 (Ces3) Interacts with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 11 and Promotes Differentiation of Osteoblasts via Smad1/5/9 Pathway. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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41
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Li H, Xiao W, He Y, Wen Z, Cheng S, Zhang Y, Li Y. Novel Insights Into the Multifaceted Functions of RNA n 6-Methyladenosine Modification in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:766020. [PMID: 35024366 PMCID: PMC8743268 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.766020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an important modification of eukaryotic mRNA. Since the first discovery of the corresponding demethylase and the subsequent identification of m6A as a dynamic modification, the function and mechanism of m6A in mammalian gene regulation have been extensively investigated. “Writer”, “eraser” and “reader” proteins are key proteins involved in the dynamic regulation of m6A modifications, through the anchoring, removal, and interpretation of m6A modifications, respectively. Remarkably, such dynamic modifications can regulate the progression of many diseases by affecting RNA splicing, translation, export and degradation. Emerging evidence has identified the relationship between m6A modifications and degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, sarcopenia and degenerative spinal disorders. Here, we have comprehensively summarized the evidence of the pathogenesis of m6A modifications in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Moreover, the potential molecular mechanisms, regulatory functions and clinical implications of m6A modifications are thoroughly discussed. Our review may provide potential prospects for addressing key issues in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - WenFeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqiong He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeqin Wen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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42
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Huang M, Xu S, Liu L, Zhang M, Guo J, Yuan Y, Xu J, Chen X, Zou J. m6A Methylation Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation and Bone Remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:783322. [PMID: 34993198 PMCID: PMC8724434 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.783322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disease of the aging population, which is characterized by a decrease in bone mass because of the imbalance of bone metabolism. Although the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis have been explored by different researchers, the mechanisms underlying osteoporosis are not clear exactly. N6 methyladenosine (m6A) is a methylated adenosine nucleotide, which functions through its interaction with the proteins called “writers,” “readers” and “erasers.” The epigenetic regulation of m6A has been demonstrated to affect mRNA processing, nuclear export, translation, and splicing. At the cellular level, m6A modification has been known to affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of bone-related cells, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), osteoblasts, and osteoclasts by regulating the expression of ALP, Runx2, Osterix, VEGF, and other related genes. Furthermore, PTH/Pth1r, PI3K‐Akt, Wnt/β‐Catenin, and other signaling pathways, which play important roles in the regulation of bone homeostasis, are also regulated by m6A. Thus, m6A modification may provide a new approach for osteoporosis treatment. The key roles of m6A modification in the regulation of bone health and osteoporosis are reviewed here in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaozhe Xu
- School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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43
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Liu J, Chen M, Ma L, Dang X, Du G. piRNA-36741 regulates BMP2-mediated osteoblast differentiation via METTL3 controlled m6A modification. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23361-23375. [PMID: 34645714 PMCID: PMC8544320 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is essential for bone formation, and its imbalance can lead to bone diseases such as osteoporosis. It is reported that PIWI-interacting RNA-36741 (piR-36741) is up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation, but its role in regulating osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. Here, the primary human BMSCs were used to induce osteogenic differentiation, and the expression of piR-36741 and METTL3 (methyltransferase like 3) was up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, interference with piR-36741 or METTL3 markedly hindered the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which was manifested by a reduction in osteoblast marker expression (including RUNX2, COL1A1, OPN and OCN), osteogenic phenotype and matrix mineralization. Mechanistically, the piR-36741-PIWIL4 complex directly interacted with METTL3 and prevented METTL3-mediated m6A modification of BMP2 mRNA transcripts, thereby promoting BMP2 expression. And overexpression of BMP2 reversed the inhibitory effect of piR-36741 silence on osteogenic differentiation and the Smad pathway activity. In addition, administration with piR-36741 mimic alleviated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice. In conclusion, piRNA-36741 overexpression promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and mitigated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis through METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of BMP2 transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Longyang Ma
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Xingbo Dang
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Gongliang Du
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
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44
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Regulatory role and mechanism of m 6A RNA modification in human metabolic diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:52-63. [PMID: 34485686 PMCID: PMC8399361 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases caused by disorders in amino acids, glucose, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic risk factors show high incidences in young people, and current treatments are ineffective. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is a post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression with several effects on physiological processes and biological functions. Recent studies report that m6A RNA modification is involved in various metabolic pathways and development of common metabolic diseases, making it a potential disease-specific therapeutic target. This review explores components, mechanisms, and research methods of m6A RNA modification. In addition, we summarize the progress of research on m6A RNA modification in metabolism-related human diseases, including diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, and cancer. Furthermore, opportunities and the challenges facing basic research and clinical application of m6A RNA modification in metabolism-related human diseases are discussed. This review is meant to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms, research methods, and clinical significance of m6A RNA modification in metabolism-related human diseases.
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45
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Downregulated fat mass and obesity-associated protein inhibits bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis by nuclear factor-kappa B inactivation. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110137. [PMID: 34469786 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During osteoporosis, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) promotes the shift of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes and represses osteoblast activity. However, the role and mechanisms of FTO on osteoclast formation and bone resorption remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of FTO on RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow monocytes (BMMs)-derived osteoclasts in vitro and observed the influence of FTO on ovariectomized (OVX) mice model to mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis in vivo. Results found that FTO was up-regulated in BMMs from OVX mice. Double immunofluorescence assay showed co-localization of FTO with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in femurs of OVX mice. FTO overexpression enhanced TRAP-positive osteoclasts and F-actin ring formation in RAW264.7 cells upon RANKL stimulation. The expression of osteoclast differentiation-related genes, including nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) and c-FOS, was upregulated in BMMs and RAW264.7 cells after FTO overexpression. FTO overexpression induced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in BMMs and RAW264.7 cells exposed to RANKL. ChIP and dual-luciferase assays revealed that FTO overexpression contributed to RANKL-induced binding of NF-κB to NFATc1 promoter. Rescue experiments suggested that FTO overexpression-mediated osteoclast differentiation was suppressed after intervention with a NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Further in vivo evidence revealed that FTO knockdown increased bone trabecula and bone mineral density, inhibited bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis in osteoporotic mice. Collectively, our research demonstrates that downregulated FTO inhibits bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB inactivation, which provides a novel reference for osteoporosis treatment.
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46
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Hu Y, Zhao X. Role of m6A in osteoporosis, arthritis and osteosarcoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:926. [PMID: 34306195 PMCID: PMC8281110 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA modification is a type of post-transcriptional modification that regulates important cellular pathways, such as the processing and metabolism of RNA. The most abundant form of methylation modification is RNA N6-methyladenine (m6A), which plays various post-transcriptional regulatory roles in cellular biological functions, including cell differentiation, embryonic development and disease occurrence. Bones play a pivotal role in the skeletal system as they support and protect muscles and other organs, facilitate movement and ensure haematopoiesis. The development and remodelling of bones require a delicate and accurate regulation of gene expression by epigenetic mechanisms that involve modifications of histone, DNA and RNA. The present review discusses the enzymes and proteins involved in mRNA m6A methylation modification and summarises current research progress and the mechanisms of mRNA m6A methylation in common orthopaedic diseases, including osteoporosis, arthritis and osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810000, P.R. China
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47
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Sun M, Zhang X. Epigenetic regulation of N6-methyladenosine modifications in obesity. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:1306-1315. [PMID: 33979018 PMCID: PMC8354493 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious health issue in the world and is related to a higher risk of suffering metabolic diseases. Understanding the molecular basis of obesity is critical to identify new targets to treat obesity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common form of ribonucleic acid modification, which has attracted increasing interest of researchers in recent years, as it is reported that m6A has vital functions in diseases and everyday life activities. Recent studies showed that m6A modification was decreased in obese adipose tissue, and appeared to play a regulatory role in many obesity-associated biological processes, including adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. In this review, we discussed the emerging advances in m6A modification in obesity to provide a novel therapeutic strategy for fighting against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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48
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Wu Y, Zhan S, Xu Y, Gao X. RNA modifications in cardiovascular diseases, the potential therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2021; 278:119565. [PMID: 33965380 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
More than one hundred RNA modifications decorate the chemical and topological properties of these ribose nucleotides, thereby executing their biological functions through post-transcriptional regulation. In cardiovascular diseases, a wide range of RNA modifications including m6A (N6-adenosine methylation), m5C (5-methylcytidin), Nm (2'-O-ribose-methylation), Ψ (pseudouridine), m7G (N7-methylguanosine), and m1A (N1-adenosine methylation) have been found in tRNA, rRNA, mRNA and other noncoding RNA, which can function as a novel mechanism in metabolic syndrome, heart failure, coronary heart disease, and hypertension. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of the regulatory roles and significance of several types of RNA modifications in CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) and the interplay between RNA modifications and noncoding RNA, epigenetics. Finally, we will focus on the potential therapeutic strategies by using RNA modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyao Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiangwei Gao
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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49
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Wang N, Wang L, Yang J, Wang Z, Cheng L. Quercetin promotes osteogenic differentiation and antioxidant responses of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells through activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2639-2650. [PMID: 33421256 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Decrepitude and apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to inhibited osteogenic differentiation, causing decreased bone density and osteoporosis. Quercetin, a bioactive component of Solanum muricatum extracts, promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and ameliorates the symptoms of osteoporosis in vivo. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. The study aims to reveal the regulatory mechanism of quercetin in BMSCs. Mouse BMSCs (mBMSCs) were isolated from the bone marrow and characterized by flow cytometry. QRT-PCR and western blot assays were performed to evaluate the expression levels of related genes and proteins. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Oil Red O staining of lipids were used to estimate the osteogenesis and adipogenesis levels of mBMSCs, respectively. Quercetin treatment (2 and 5 μM) induced significant upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, SOD1 and SOD2, in mBMSCs. Quercetin promoted osteogenic differentiation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of mBMSCs. Quercetin treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK protein and upregulated the expression of SIRT1, thus activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway in mBMSCs. Quercetin promoted osteogenic differentiation and antioxidant responses of mBMSCs by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Stomatological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jihao Yang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liangxing Cheng
- Research Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhang Y, Liu MW, He Y, Deng N, Chen Y, Huang J, Xie W. Protective effect of resveratrol on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis though attenuating NADPH oxidase 4/nuclear factor kappa B pathway by increasing miR-92b-3p expression. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420941762. [PMID: 32674689 PMCID: PMC7370339 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420941762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Resveratrol (RES) exhibits estrogen-like effects and has potential applications to treatment of osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency; however, the specific mechanism of action of RES remains unclear. Here, we examined the therapeutic effects of RES on ovariectomized (OVX) rats with osteoporosis and determined the underlying mechanism. Methods: We established an OVX rat model to study osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency. The treatment groups were given orally with RES (50, 100, and 200 mg/day), the estrogen group received 0.8 mg/kg E2 daily via oral route, and the sham-operated and control groups received an equivalent dose of sodium carboxymethylcellulose orally. After 12 weeks of treatment, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis to measure the gene and protein expression of miR-92b-3p, Nox4, NF-κBp65, IκB, BMP2, Smad7, and RUNX-2 in bone tissues. Right femur structural parameters were evaluated by micro-CT. Dual-energy X-ray 4500 W was used to determine systemic bone mineral density (BMD). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to determine the serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), anti-tartrate acid phosphatase-5b (PTRA5b), and carboxylated terminal peptide (CTX-I). The rat femoral bone specimens were stained using hematoxylin and eosin for pathological examination Results: We observed increased levels of serum estrogen in both ovaries, elevated miR-92b-3p levels in bone tissues, reduced levels of Nox4, NF-κBp65, p-IκB-a, and cathepsin K, and elevated gene and protein expression of BMP2, Smad7, and RUNX-2 in the OVX rat model of osteoporosis after treatment with RES. Elevated levels of BALP, OPG, ALP, and BMD along with reduced levels of TRAP-5b and CTX-I were also observed. The structural model index (SMI) and the trabecular space (Tb. Sp) decreased, while the trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), and tissue bone density (Conn.D) increased, thereby improving osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency in both ovaries. Conclusion: Cathepsin K expression and Nox4/NF-κB signaling pathway were suppressed by the elevated expression of miR-92b-3p. This inhibition was pivotal in the protective effect of RES against osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency in both ovaries. Thus, RES efficiently alleviated osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Orthopedics, Calmett Hospital & The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Ning Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Normal Human Anatomy and Histological Embryology Department, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiecong Huang
- Department of Encephalopathy, Guangzhou Conghua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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