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Pardo R, Velilla M, Herrero L, Cervela L, Ribeiro ML, Simó R, Villena JA. Calorie Restriction and SIRT1 Overexpression Induce Different Gene Expression Profiles in White Adipose Tissue in Association with Metabolic Improvement. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000672. [PMID: 33686759 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calorie restriction (CR) exerts multiple effects on health, including the amelioration of systemic insulin resistance. Although the precise mechanisms by which CR improves glucose homeostasis remain poorly defined, SIRT1 has been suggested to act as a central mediator of the cellular responses to CR. Here, we aim at identifying the mechanisms by which CR and SIRT1 modulate white adipose tissue (WAT) function, a key tissue in the control of glucose homeostasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A gene expression profiling study using DNA microarrays is conducted in WAT of control and SIRT1 transgenic mice fed ad libitum (AL) and mice subjected to 40% CR. RESULTS Gene expression profiling reveals a relatively low degree of overlap between the transcriptional programs regulated by SIRT1 and CR. Gene networks related to extracellular matrix appear commonly downregulated by SIRT1/CR, whereas mitochondrial biogenesis is enhanced exclusively by CR. Moreover, WAT inflammation is reduced by CR and SIRT1, although their anti-inflammatory effects appeared to be achieved by regulating different gene networks related to the immune system. CONCLUDING REMARKS In WAT, SIRT1 does not mediate most of the effects of CR on gene expression. Still, gene networks differentially regulated by SIRT1 and CR converge to reduce WAT inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pardo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Marc Velilla
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBEROBN, CIBER on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Luis Cervela
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Marcelo L Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,Post Graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade São Francisco (USF), Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Rafael Simó
- Group of Diabetes and Metabolism, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,CIBERDEM, CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Josep A Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron - Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.,CIBERDEM, CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Ceglarek VM, Bertasso IM, Pietrobon CB, Scomazzon SP, Leite NC, Bonfleur ML, Araújo ACF, Balbo SL, Grassiolli S. Maternal Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery reduces lipid deposition and increases UCP1 expression in the brown adipose tissue of male offspring. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1158. [PMID: 33441773 PMCID: PMC7806700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity induced by cafeteria diet (CAF) predisposes offspring to obesity and metabolic diseases, events that could be avoided by maternal bariatric surgery (BS). Herein we evaluated whether maternal BS is able to modulate brown adipose tissue (BAT) morphology and function in adult male rats born from obese female rats submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). For this, adult male rat offspring were obtained from female rats that consumed standard diet (CTL), or CAF diet, and were submitted to simulated operation or RYGB. Analysis of offspring showed that, at 120 days of life, the maternal CAF diet induced adiposity and decreased the expression of mitochondrial Complex I (CI) and Complex III (CIII) in the BAT, resulting in higher accumulation of lipids than in BAT from offspring of CTL dams. Moreover, maternal RYGB increased UCP1 expression and prevented excessive deposition of lipids in the BAT of adult male offspring rats. However, maternal RYGB failed to reverse the effects of maternal diet on CI and CIII expression. Thus, maternal CAF promotes higher lipid deposition in the BAT of offspring, contributing to elevated adiposity. Maternal RYGB prevented obesity in offspring, probably by increasing the expression of UCP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Marieli Ceglarek
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil. .,Institute of Basic Health Sciences. Biological Sciences: Physiology, postgraduate. Department of Physiology, Room 337-7, Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Cognition and Development of the Brain, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 500, Sarmento Leite - Farroupilha, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Iala Milene Bertasso
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Carla Bruna Pietrobon
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sofia Pizzato Scomazzon
- Medical Sciences: Endocrinology Post Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nayara Carvalho Leite
- Obesity Comorbidities and Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Bonfleur
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Allan Cezar Faria Araújo
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lucinei Balbo
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Physiology, Biosciences and Health, Postgraduate, University of West Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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Li T, Pan W, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Wu X, Wang F, Cui L. Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profile Analysis of the mTERF Gene Family and Its Role in the Response to Abiotic Stress in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:684619. [PMID: 34335653 PMCID: PMC8319850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.684619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF) family regulates organellar gene expression (OGE) and is functionally characterized in diverse species. However, limited data are available about its functions in the agriculturally important cereal barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In this study, we identified 60 mTERFs in the barley genome (HvmTERFs) through a comprehensive search against the most updated barley reference genome, Morex V2. Then, phylogenetic analysis categorized these genes into nine subfamilies, with approximately half of the HvmTERFs belonging to subfamily IX. Members within the same subfamily generally possessed conserved motif composition and exon-intron structure. Both segmental and tandem duplication contributed to the expansion of HvmTERFs, and the duplicated gene pairs were subjected to strong purifying selection. Expression analysis suggested that many HvmTERFs may play important roles in barley development (e.g., seedlings, leaves, and developing inflorescences) and abiotic stresses (e.g., cold, salt, and metal ion), and HvmTERF21 and HvmTERF23 were significant induced by various abiotic stresses and/or phytohormone treatment. Finally, the nucleotide diversity was decreased by only 4.5% for HvmTERFs during the process of barley domestication. Collectively, this is the first report to characterize HvmTERFs, which will not only provide important insights into further evolutionary studies but also contribute to a better understanding of the potential functions of HvmTERFs and ultimately will be useful in future gene functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenqiu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yiyuan Yuan
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yihan Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Licao Cui
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Licao Cui
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Saez-Lopez C, Villena JA, Simó R, Selva DM. Sex hormone-binding globulin overexpression protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity in transgenic male mice. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 85:108480. [PMID: 32795655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obese subjects of all ages and sex have reduced plasma SHBG levels. Whether these low plasma SHBG levels play a role in obesity development is unknown. In the present work we wanted to explore if SHBG overexpression could prevent obesity development induced by high fat diet (HFD). To do so, we fed humanized SHBG transgenic male mice and their wild-type littermates with control diet (CD) or HFD over the course of 8 weeks. The results showed that SHBG overexpression protected against body weight gain and fat accumulation induced by HFD. In addition, SHBG overexpression also abrogated the increase in insulin, leptin and resistin levels, as well as the reduction in adiponectin, induced by HFD. Mechanistically, the SHBG protection against HFD-induced obesity was achieved by stimulating lipolysis in white adipose tissue. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the SHBG cell-autonomous effect using human primary visceral adipocytes. Taking together, our results demonstrate that SHBG overexpression protects against diet-induced obesity and improves the metabolic profile of male mice fed a HFD diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Saez-Lopez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and CIBERDEM (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep A Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and CIBERDEM (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and CIBERDEM (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David M Selva
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and CIBERDEM (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.
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Beltran C, Pardo R, Bou-Teen D, Ruiz-Meana M, Villena JA, Ferreira-González I, Barba I. Enhancing Glycolysis Protects against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Reducing ROS Production. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10040132. [PMID: 32235559 PMCID: PMC7240969 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
After myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, fatty acid oxidation shows fast recovery while glucose oxidation rates remain depressed. A metabolic shift aimed at increasing glucose oxidation has shown to be beneficial in models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. However, strategies aimed at increasing glucose consumption in the clinic have provided mixed results and have not yet reached routine clinical practice. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the protection afforded by increased glucose oxidation may facilitate the transfer to the clinic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was involved in the protection afforded by increased glucose oxidation. Firstly, we characterized an H9C2 cellular model in which the use of glucose or galactose as substrates can modulate glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. In this model, there were no differences in morphology, cell number, or ATP and PCr levels. However, galactose-grown cells consumed more oxygen and had an increased Krebs cycle turnover, while cells grown in glucose had increased aerobic glycolysis rate as demonstrated by higher lactate and alanine production. Increased aerobic glycolysis was associated with reduced ROS levels and protected the cells against simulated ischemia-reperfusion injury. Furthermore, ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was able to reduce the amount of ROS and to prevent cell death. Lastly, cells grown in galactose showed higher activation of mTOR/Akt signaling pathways. In conclusion, our results provide evidence indicating that metabolic shift towards increased glycolysis reduces mitochondrial ROS production and prevents cell death during ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Beltran
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.B.); (D.B.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Rosario Pardo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (R.P.); (J.A.V.)
| | - Diana Bou-Teen
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.B.); (D.B.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.B.); (D.B.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Josep A. Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (R.P.); (J.A.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBER-DEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ferreira-González
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.B.); (D.B.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.F.-G.); (I.B.)
| | - Ignasi Barba
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (C.B.); (D.B.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Vic – Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic- UCC), 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.F.-G.); (I.B.)
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